The document outlines the importance of tourism planning, emphasizing its systematic approach to setting objectives and evaluating outcomes. It discusses the consequences of poor tourism planning, including physical, human, marketing, and organizational impacts, and highlights the need for cooperation between government and private sectors. Various levels of tourism planning are described, from international to site-level, along with the components and frameworks necessary for effective tourism development.
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Planning
The document outlines the importance of tourism planning, emphasizing its systematic approach to setting objectives and evaluating outcomes. It discusses the consequences of poor tourism planning, including physical, human, marketing, and organizational impacts, and highlights the need for cooperation between government and private sectors. Various levels of tourism planning are described, from international to site-level, along with the components and frameworks necessary for effective tourism development.
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Planning- is a logical and systematic 2.
Damage or permanent alteration
approach of formulating the objectives, of historical/cultural landmarks 6. Inadequate capitalization in programs, policies, procedures, and resources. packaging opportunities. budgets, rules and regulations, and 3. Overcrowding and congestion D. Organizational Impacts other types of plans. 4. Pollution 1. Fragmental approach to the 5. Traffic problems marketing and development of Tourism Planning - is a dynamic tourism process of determining goals, B. Human Impacts 2. Lack of cooperation among systematically selecting alternative 1. Less accessibility to services individual operators courses of actions to achieve those and tourist attractions for local 3. Inadequate representation of goals, implementing the chosen residents resulting in local the tourism industry’s interests alternatives, and evaluating the choice resentment 4. Lack of support from local to determine the success of a 2. Dislike of tourists by local public authorities destination. residents 5. Failure to act on important Reasons for Tourism Planning 3. Loss of cultural identities issues, problems, and 4. Lack of education of tourism opportunities of common 1. The stagnation and decline of a employees in skills and interest to the industry. destination or attraction. hospitality 2. The rise and fall of the popularity E. Other Impacts 5. Lack of awareness of the of destination areas. benefits of tourism to the 1. Lack of sufficient attractions 3. All destination areas eventually destination area. and events suffer the same fate. C. Marketing Impacts 2. High seasonality and short Consequences of Lack of Tourism 1. Failure to capitalize on new length of stays Planning or Poor Tourism Planning marketing opportunities 3. Poor quality of facilities and Symptoms of Lack or Poor Tourism 2. Erosion of market shares due services Planning to the actions of competitive 4. Poor travel information destination areas services 1. Physical Impacts 2. Human Impacts 3. Lack of sufficient awareness 3. Marketing Impacts in prime markets Roles and Responsibilities for 4. Organizational Impacts 4. Lack of clear image of Tourism Planning destination area in potential markets In communist countries, all planning is A. Physical Impacts 5. Lack of cooperative done by the national government. In 1. Damage or permanent alteration advertising among individual democratic countries, the government of the physical environment. operators and the private sector play a vivid role Barriers to Tourism Planning Japan promotes national needs in the tourism planning. to generate more financial 1. Many people are against planning resources to support massive Experience shows that the process of in principle, particularly within the recovery efforts in the aftermath joint participation and close cooperation free-enterprise system. of the 2012 tsunami. of the private and government sector 2. It is expensive. produces the best result and that plans 3. A large number of government Tourism Plan are more likely to be successfully departments have activities that -is an output of the tourism planning implemented. impinge on tourism. process. 4. Tourism is characterized by few Tourism planning should take place at large businesses and various (1) Gathering and evaluating many levels within a country. The smaller enterprises. information to identify and starting point for tourism planning prioritize current tourism process in any country should be the BASIC CONCEPTS IN TOURISM development issues development of a national tourism PLANNING AND DEVELOPMENT policy. (2) Imagining a desired future state TOURISM POLICY of tourism in the destination This policy represents the basic A set of rules, regulations, guidelines, foundation from which more specific (3) Choosing from a number of directives & development objectives & goals, strategies, objectives and plans alternatives for achieving them strategies that provide framework within are developed. Thus, all planning efforts which the collective, as well as individual Tourism planning dimensions should be complementary to the national decisions directly affecting long-term tourism policy. The complexity of tourism plans varies tourism development & the daily All tourism plans should be given time activities within a destination are taken. according levels, time frame, scope spans and should be reviewed and and spatial unit. Palawan encourages nature- modified at the expiration of their time 1. Levels based tourism because the whole spans. Since change is inevitable and province is covered by Strategic A. International Planning continuous, it follows that tourism policy Environmental Plan making and planning have to be -it is a planning which involves Two Koreas is dictated by dynamic processes. international transportation services, the foreign policy, the reason why Because policies tend to be more broad they have limited cross-border movement & scheduling of the tours of scale than tourism plans, they are tourism because they remain tourists among different countries, the usually valid for a greater number of technically at war. development of major tourist attractions years. The life span of a tourism plan and facilities in neighbouring countries does not usually exceed five years. as well as the working strategies and promotional Tourism organizational entities, Kind of tourist attraction and their programs of many countries. laws and investment policies locations Planning at the international level Tourism marketing strategies and The amount, kind, and location of usually takes place through the World promotions tourist accommodation & other Tourism Organization (WTO) which has tourist facilities and services Education and training programs been appointed and sponsored by the Location of tourist development United Nations (UN) as the agency Design standards and facility areas including resort areas which enforces tourism related projects development Socio-cultural, environmental, Example: Greater Mekong Subregion Environmental, economic, and economic, and impact analyses Tourism Development Project socio-cultural analyses Education & training programs on Cambodia, Laos, Myanmar, Thailand, National level implementation the regional level Vietnam, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous methods including short Region and Yunnan Province in the development plan and project Marketing techniques and People Republic of China scheduling promotion B. National Planning Example: Organizational establishments, laws, regulations & investment -it is a planning that is concerned with Philippine Tourism Master Plan policies the following components: (1991-2011) Implementation methods which Tourism Policy National Tourism Development Plan include project plans and regional (2011-2016) Infrastructure Facilities zoning regulations C. Regional Planning A physical structure plan which Regional level of tourism planning is includes important tourist -this is for one region of a country more specific than national level. attractions, selected tourism usually a state or province. It is often Regional level of tourism planning is development regions, devised within the framework of an more specific than national planning international entry points, facilities existing national policy. Regional level. & services planning emphasizes the following elements: Example: Samar Island Tourism The amount, kinds and quality of Master Development Plan (2012) accommodation Regional Policy (Northern Samar, Western Samar, Important tour routes in the Regional entry points and Eastern Samar, Tacloban City Leyte, country and regional connections transportation facilities &services Biliran and Southern Leyte) D. Provincial Planning Tourism Development Area (TDA) This level is more specific than regional 3. Scope levels because it covers different Tourism Cluster A tourism plan may be comprehensive municipalities or cities within a single in scope, or focused on one or few Tourism Circuits province. The elements of this plan aspects of tourism planning. A usually include tourist attraction, location Tourism Corridor comprehensive tourism plan is known as of accommodation, facilities & services, Master Plan. Tourist Site entry points to province, transpo- facilities & infrastructure. Principal Components -is an area that contains one or Example: Bohol Tourism Master Plan more tourist attractions. A tourist 1. Physical Plan (2007) attraction is defined as “a physical or 2. Environmental Management Plan cultural feature of a particular place that E. Site-Level Tourism Planning individual travellers or tourists perceive 3. Conservation Management Plan as capable of meeting one or more of This level focuses on planning of a 4. Entrepreneurship Development their specific leisure-related needs. specific tourist site or particular place. Plan 4 Categories of Attractions Example: Community Based Sustainable Tourism Master Plan in 5. Sustainable Development Plan Geophysical-landscape-aesthetic Ulugan Bay, Puerto Princesa City 6. Implementation Plan (1999) Ecological-biological 7. Institutional Framework Plan 2. Time Frame Cultural-historical 8. Human Resource Development All plans are future-oriented and these Recreational Plan plans may be short-term, medium- Tourism Development Area term, or long-term. 9. Marketing Plan -is an area designated for a) Short-term Plan 10. Investment Promotion Plan possessing an important site or group of -usually means two years or less in the 4. Spatial unit tourist sites. Any town or city that has future one or more tourist site can be The space covered in tourism planning considered as TDA. b) Medium-term Plan is called a tourism development unit and provide the following spatial Tourism Cluster -usually two to five years in the future concepts/units: -is composed of two or more c) Long-term Plan Tourist Site TDAs. A city, town or province, in whole or in part may be combined with other -usually five years & up in the future cities, or provinces to form a cluster. However, a single province may also be a cluster on its own, such as Palawan. Tourism Circuit -is defined as a route involving at least three major tourist destinations which are located in different towns, village or cities, and the destinations share common characteristics or themes. Tourism Corridor -refers to a route defined by a theme spanning several countries, or even continents. The Silk Road for example, winds through several countries in Asia, Europe, and Africa.