Stream wise syllabus for Recruitment Exam for the Post of Scientific Assistant

(Electronics and Communication)

1. Engineering Mathematics

Linear Algebra: Matrix Algebra, Systems of linear equations, Eigen values and Eigen vectors.

Calculus: Mean value theorems, Theorems of integral calculus, Evaluation of definite and
improper integrals, Partial Derivatives, Maxima and Minima, Multiple integrals, Fourier series,
Vector identities, Directional derivatives, Line, Surface and Volume integrals, Strokes, Gauss
and Green’s theorems.

Differential Equations: First order equation (linear and nonlinear), Higher order linear
differential equations with constant coefficients. Method of variation parameters, Cauchy’s and
Euler’s equations, Initial and boundary value problems, Partial Differential Equations and
variable separable method.

Complex variables: Analytic functions, Cauchy’s integral theorem and integral formula,
Taylor’s and Laurent’ series, Residue theorems, solution integrals

Probability & statistics: Sampling theorems, Conditional probability, Mean, median, mode and
standard deviation, Random variables, Discrete and continuous distributions, Poisson, Normal
and Binomial distributions, Correlation and regression analysis.

Numerical Methods: Solutions of non-linear algebraic equations, single and multi-step methods
for differential equations.

Transform Theory: Fourier transform, Laplace transform, Z-transform.

2. Electronics and Communication

Electronics Devices: Energy band in silicon, intrinsic and extrinsic semiconductors. Carrier
transport in semiconductors, diffusion current, drift current, mobility and resistivity. Generation
and recombination of carriers, p-n junction diode, Zener diode, tunnel diode, BJT, JFET, MOS
capacitor, MOSFET, LED, p-i-n and avalanche photo diode, basics of LASERs, Device
technology, integrated circuits fabrication process, oxidation, diffusion, ion implantation,
photolithography, n-tub, p-tub and twin-tub CMOS process.

Analog Circuits: Small Signal Equivalent circuit of diodes, BJTs, MOSFETs and analog
CMOS. Simple diode circuits, clipping, clamping, rectifier. Biasing and bias stability of
transistor and FET amplifier. Amplifiers: single-and-multi-stage, differential and operational,
feedback, and power. Frequency response of amplifiers. Simple op-amp circuits. Filters,

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 Sinusoidal oscillators, criterion for oscillation, single transistor and op-amp configurations.
Function generators and wave-shaping circuits, 555 Timers. Power supplies.

Digital Circuits: Boolean algebra, minimization of Boolean functions, logic gates; digital IC
families (DTL, TTL, ECL, MOS, CMOS). Combinational circuits: arithmetic circuits, code
converters, multiplexers, decoders. ROM, PROMS, Sequential circuits, latches and flipflops,
counters and shift registers, Sample and hold circuits, ADCs, DACs, Semiconductor memories.

Signals and Systems: Definitions and properties of Laplace transform continuous-time and discrete-
time Fourier series. Continuous-time and discrete-time Fourier transform, DFT and FFT, z-transform,
Sampling theorem. Linear Time-Invariant (LTI) Systems: definitions and properties; causality, stability,
impulse response, convolution, poles and zeroes, parallel and cascade structure, frequency
response, group delay, phase delay. Signal transmission through LTI systems.

Communications: Random signals and noise; probability, random variables, probability density
function, autocorrelation, power spectral density. Analog communication systems: amplitude and
angle modulation and demodulation systems, spectral analysis of these operations,
superheterodyne receivers; elements of hardware, realizations of analog communication systems;
signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) calculations for amplitude modulation (AM) and frequency
modulation (FM) for low noise conditions. Fundamentals of information theory and channel
capacity theorem.

Digital Communication Systems: pulse code modulation (PCM), Differential pulse code
modulation (DPCM), digital modulation schemes: amplitude, phase and frequency shift keying
schemes (ASK, PSK, FSK), matches filter receivers, bandwidth consideration and probability of
error calculations for these schemes. Basics of TDMA, FDMA, CDMA and GSM. Wireless
Communication.

Control Systems: Basic control system components; block diagrammatic description, reduction
of block diagrams. Open loop and closed loop (feedback) systems and stability analysis of these
systems. Signal flow graphs and their use in determining transfer functions of systems, transient
and study state analysis of LTI control systems and frequency response. Tools and techniques for
LTI control system analysis, root loci, Routh-Hurwitz criterion, Bode and Nyquist plots. Control
system compensators: elements of lead and lag compensation, elements of Proportional-Integra-
Derivative (PID) control. State variable representation and solution of state equation of LTI
control systems.

Electromagnetics: Elements of vector calculus; divergence and curl: Gauss and Stokes
theorems, Maxwell’s equations: differential and integral forms. Wave equations, Poynting
vector. Plane wave: propagation through various media; reflection and refraction; phase and
group velocity; skin depth. Transmission lines: characteristics and impedance; impedance
transformation; Smith chart; impedance matching; S parameters, pulse excitation. Waveguides :
modes in rectangular waveguides; boundary conditions; cut-off frequencies; dispersion relation.
Basics of propagation in dielectric waveguide and optical fibres. Basics of Antennas: Dipole
antennas: radiation pattern; antenna gain.

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 Networks: Network graphs: Matrices associated with graphs; incidence, fundamental cut set and
fundamental circuit matrices. Solutions methods: nodal and mesh analysis. Network theorems:
superposition, Thevenin’s and Norton’s maximum power transfer, Star-Delta transformation. Steady
state sinusoidal analysis using phasors. Linear constant coefficient differential equations; time
domain analysis of simple RLC circuits. Solution of Network equations using Laplace transform,
frequency domain analysis of RLC circuits, 2-port network parameters; driving point and transfer
functions. State equations for networks.

Microprocessors & Micro controllers: Introduction to microprocessors and microcomputers:

Function, architecture, programming of 8086 microprocessor , interfacing of RAM and EPROM,
I/O addressing, I/O mapped I/O, and memory mapped I/O schemes, instruction execution,
fetch/execute cycle, instruction timings and operation status.
Memory organization, program memory, data memory, direct & indirect addressing area, addressing
modes, instruction set – arithmetic, logical and data transfer instructions. Machine cycles – interrupts,
interrupt handling, single step operation, port bit latches and buffers, port structures and operation,
accessing external memory. Timers, serial interface, I/O ports, timing,
Microcontroller 8051 – Architecture, configurations, internal block schematic, program protection
modes. I/O interfaces with microcontroller, Real Time Control Issues, Embedded
Processing – Evolution, Issues and Challenges, Von Neumann, Harvard and their variants, Memory
Architecture and Devices, Input, Output Devices and Mechanisms, PLA, PAL,PLDs.

Computer Architecture And Organization: Basics of Digital Electronics, Register Transfer and
Micro operations, Basic Computer Organization, Control Unit, Central Processing Unit, Computer
Arithmetic, Input-Output Organization, Memory Unit, Introduction to Parallel Processing

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