1950’s Civil Rights Movement
1. Brown v. Board of Education: This landmark Supreme Court
case in 1954 declared racial segregation in public schools
unconstitutional, overturning the "separate but equal" doctrine
established in Plessy v. Ferguson (1896).
2. Montgomery Bus Boycott: Rosa Parks' refusal to give up her
seat to a white passenger on a segregated bus in 1955
sparked a year-long boycott led by Martin Luther King Jr.,
demonstrating the power of nonviolent protest.
3. Little Rock Nine: In 1957, nine African American students
integrated Central High School in Little Rock, Arkansas, facing
fierce resistance and violence, but were ultimately protected
by federal troops.
4. Sit-ins: College students began staging sit-ins at segregated
lunch counters in 1960, refusing to leave until served, leading
to widespread arrests and inspiring a new wave of activism.
5. Freedom Rides: In 1961, civil rights activists rode interstate
buses into the segregated South to challenge Jim Crow laws,
facing violence and arrests but drawing national attention to
the issue.
6. March on Washington: In 1963, a massive march on
Washington D.C. culminated in Martin Luther King Jr.'s iconic "I
Have a Dream" speech, calling for racial equality and an end to
segregation.
7. Civil Rights Act of 1964: This landmark legislation outlawed
discrimination based on race, colour, religion, sex, or national
origin, prohibiting segregation in public places and
employment.
8. Voting Rights Act of 1965: This act aimed to overcome legal
barriers preventing African Americans from voting, such as
literacy tests and poll taxes.
1950’s Civil Rights Movement Huzaifa Nazir 8.D
9. Black Power Movement: This movement emerged in the late
1960s, advocating for Black self-determination, economic
empowerment, and cultural pride.
10. Legacy of the Movement: The Civil Rights Movement
of the 1950s and 1960s led to significant progress in racial
equality, but challenges remain, including systemic racism and
disparities in education, housing, and criminal justice.
1950’s Civil Rights Movement Huzaifa Nazir 8.D