1 Introduction

The IoT-Based Military Monitoring System enhances security, surveillance,

and safety in military operations by integrating smart technologies. It in-
cludes a gate access system for restricted entry, a radar system for real-time
flight monitoring, a soldier monitoring system to track vital health parame-
ters, and an accident prevention system to detect and avoid hazards. By uti-
lizing IoT connectivity, this system ensures improved situational awareness,
faster response times, and enhanced operational efficiency, making military
environments more secure and technologically advanced.

2 Project Features
• Gate Access System:

1. Ensures restricted entry through biometric or RFID-based authen-

tication.
2. Logs entry and exit times in a database for security purposes.
3. Includes an automatic barrier control mechanism triggered upon
successful authentication.

• Radar System for Flight Control:

1. Detects and monitors incoming and outgoing aerial objects.

2. Measures the distance and velocity of aircraft using ultrasonic or
radar sensors.
3. Sends real-time data to the central monitoring system for quick
response.

• Soldier Monitoring System:

1. Tracks the health status of soldiers using wearable sensors for

heart rate and temperature.
2. Monitors soldier location using GPS for operational planning and
safety.
3. Alerts command centers if abnormal health conditions are de-
tected.

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 • Accident Prevention System:

1. Detects fire, gas leakage, and electrical faults in the military zone.
2. Sends alerts to the control room and activates emergency re-
sponses such as fire extinguishers or power shutdowns.
3. Logs all anomaly events for future analysis and prevention strate-
gies.

3 Required Equipments
The following table lists the required equipment:

Item No. Equipment Name Quantity

1 [Rasberry Pi 4] [1]
2 [Flame Sensor] [1]
3 [Pulse sensor] [1]
4 [LM-35] [1]
5 [MQ-2] [1]
6 [current sensor INA219] [1]
7 [Ultrasonic sensor HC-SR04] [1]
8 [RFID module] [1]
9 [LCD Display 16*2] [1]

Table 1: List of Required Equipment

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4 Elements and Description
Elements Description
Rasberry Pi 4: Raspberry Pi 4 is a small, power-
ful, and affordable computer developed by the Rasp-
berry Pi Foundation. It features a quad-core proces-
sor, up to 8GB RAM, USB 3.0 ports, HDMI output,
and built-in Wi-Fi and Bluetooth. It is widely used
for programming, robotics, home automation, and IoT
projects. The Raspberry Pi 4 can run Linux-based oper-
Figure-1: Rasberry Pi 4 ating systems, making it a great tool for learning coding
and developing embedded systems.

Flame Sensor): A *Flame Sensor* is a device used to

detect the presence of fire or flames. It works by sensing
infrared (IR) or ultraviolet (UV) light emitted by flames.
The sensor responds quickly and can be used for fire
detection, safety systems, and industrial monitoring. It
is commonly used in automation systems, gas stoves,
and fire alarm systems to prevent hazards.
Figure-2: Flame Sensor

Pulse Sensor: A *Pulse Sensor* is a compact device

used to measure heart rate by detecting changes in blood
flow through the fingertip or earlobe. It works using an
optical sensor that captures pulse variations and con-
verts them into electrical signals. This sensor is widely
used in fitness tracking, medical monitoring, and wear-
able health devices due to its ease of use and real-time
Figure-3: Pulse sensor heart rate monitoring capability.

LM35: The *LM35* is a precision temperature sen-

sor that provides an analog output proportional to tem-
perature in degrees Celsius. It has a high accuracy of
±0.5°C and does not require calibration. The sensor
operates from 4V to 30V and is widely used in weather
monitoring, industrial temperature control, and medical
applications due to its reliability and ease of use.
Figure-4:LM-35

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Elements Description
MQ-2 Gas Sensor: The *MQ-2 Gas Sensor* is a
widely used device for detecting gases such as LPG,
methane, alcohol, hydrogen, carbon monoxide, and
smoke. It operates by measuring changes in resistance
when exposed to gases, providing an analog output that
can be read by microcontrollers like Arduino or Rasp-
berry Pi. The MQ-2 is commonly used in air quality
Figure-5: MQ-2
monitoring, gas leak detection, and fire prevention sys-
tems due to its high sensitivity and low cost.

INA219: The *INA219* is a high-precision current and

power sensor that measures both current and voltage si-
multaneously. It operates using an I²C interface, making
it easy to integrate with microcontrollers like Arduino
and Raspberry Pi. The sensor can measure currents up
to ±3.2A with high accuracy and is widely used in bat-
tery monitoring, solar power systems, and energy man-
Figure-6: current sensor agement applications.
INA219
HC-SR04: The *HC-SR04* is an ultrasonic distance
sensor used to measure distances accurately using sound
waves. It works by emitting an ultrasonic pulse and
measuring the time it takes for the echo to return. The
sensor has a range of 2 cm to 400 cm with an accuracy
of about 3 mm. It is widely used in robotics, obstacle
detection, and automation systems due to its reliability
Figure-7: Ultrasonic sen- and ease of integration with microcontrollers like Ar-
sor HC-SR04 duino and Raspberry Pi.
RFID Module: The *RFID Module* is a device
used for wireless identification and authentication by
reading RFID tags. It typically operates at 125 kHz
or 13.56 MHz and communicates with microcontrollers
via SPI, UART, or I²C. The module detects nearby
RFID tags and retrieves stored data, making it use-
ful for security systems, access control, inventory track-
ing, and automation projects. Popular models include
Figure-8: RFID module *MFRC522* and *RC522*.

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5 Current Progress
The current progress of the project includes:

1. Raspberry pi Operating System is installed in Micro SD to work in

Raspberry OS environment.

2. 16*2 LCD is Connected with Raspberry pi 4

3. Heartbeat sensor is incorporated in Raspberry pi 4 to Measure BPM.

4. Flame sensor is Attached with Raspberry pi 4 to detect Flame Present

in the Environment

5. The Codes for all the sensors and LCD are combined in single python
script to process the data from sensor input and show it to the output.

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5.1 Diagrams

Figure 9:Project Schematic Diagram

Figure 10:Actual Diagram of the Project

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5.2 Code with Output

Figure 11:Project Code in Raspberry pi 4 os

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Figure 12:Code Output in Raspberry pi 4 os Command Line Interface

6 Next Phase of Development

1. Gas sensor is needed to be included to measure the Gas Leakage in the
environment.
2. GPS mudule is needed to be added to track the Soldiers Position.
3. Ultrasonic sensor is needed to be added to detect aircraft in a Region.
4. RFID attendence system is neede to be attached to trace Soldiers
IN/OUT information.
5. All the Data is needed to be added in a Website to Observe the camp
Remotely from a secure Network.

7 Discussions
1. A new Raspberry pi OS is needed to be installed in Microsd card.
2. HDMI to micro HDMI port is used to connect the monitor with the
Raspberry pi 4.
3. Command Line Interface(CLI) is used to Run the oython code in a
Virtual environment
4. All the sensors code are RUN But not incorporated with the Raspberry
pi 4 GPIO pin.
5. Draw.io and Powerpoint is used to Design the diagrams.