21st Annual International Space Settlement Design Competition

Proposing Team Data 2014

Name of responsible teacher/advisor: BIRENDRA KUMAR PANDEY

School (or other Group Name): DELHI PUBLIC SCHOOL VASANT KUNJ (KAIROS)
School Address: SECTOR-C POCKET-5 DELHI PUBLIC SCHOOL
School Address (2nd line): VASANT KUNJ
School City, State, ZIP or Postal Code: DELHI , NEW DELHI, 110070
Country: INDIA
Daytime Telephone at School: 43261200
Message Telephone:
Fax Number: 26132768
e-mail address: [email protected]
Last day of school before July 2014: 16th may

Contact information for responsible teacher/advisor when school is not in session:

Name if different from above:
Address: 150, second floor, ashoka roadways, part1
Address (2nd line):
City, State, ZIP or Postal Code: faridabad- 121003
Country: INDIA
Telephone (also evenings / weekends): 9810767225
e-mail address: [email protected]

Name of alternate contact person (may be a student): KARTIK SINGHAL

Telephone day eve weekend: 9654359125
e-mail address: [email protected]

Names, [grade levels], and (ages) of 12 students currently expecting to attend the Finalist Competition:
(we request that participants be at least 15 years old, and not older than 19)
KARTIK SINGHAL [12] (16) AAHNA SINGH [12] (16)
VARUN PRAKASH [12] (16) PUSHAN AGGARWAL [12] (16)
RUCHIT JAIN [12] (16) AASHISH KUMAR [12] (16)
HARDIK ANEJA [12] (17)
SAMARTH NEGI [12] (16) [ ]( )
VARUN MENON [12] (16) [ ]( )

Names of two adult advisors currently expecting to attend the Finalist Competition:
BIRENDRA KUMAR PANDEY

I understand that if our Team qualifies for the International Space Settlement Design Finalist
Competition July 25-28, we will be expected to finance our own travel to/from Titusville,

B.K Pandey 19-Apr-14

 2.1 - STRUCTURAL OVERVIEW
The basic structure of Columbiat consists of one outer torus, three sections of a torus in a concentric
fashion, and a central control tower, called the ADM.

The materials being used in Columbiat are as follows-

1. Outer curved surface of ADM and all tori - Silicon buckystructure panels interspersed with titanium rods
as a framework, coated with a 1m layer of lunar regolith. The strong interlocking between titanium rods and
silicon buckystructure panels not only allows for fast construction, but also provides excellent debris
protection from micrometeoroids. The lunar regolith layer provides radiation protection.

2. Transparent surfaces - Two layers of aluminum oxynitride with a thin film of pressurized water in
between, to ensure radiation protection. The film is 0.2m thick and the refraction produced is negligible.
Also, the water is pressurized and pressure is constantly maintained, so that views from transparent
surfaces are not disturbed.

The outer torus is provided with 0.9G gravity, the inner tori sections have 0.5G gravity and the ADM has
microgravity. The ADM maintains a microgravity environment by means of a rotational interface in its
middle section. It uses ball bearings to keep the tori rotating and the ADM still. The same rotational
interface connects to all concentric torus sections and the outer torus, and rotates at the same RPM, which
is 0.89. In the below shown diagram, the outer torus is in dark blue and the sub sections are in light blue.

The reason for selecting the gravitational magnitudes as they are, in the outer torus was that 0.9G is for all
anatomical and biological reasons nearly the same as 1G, yet it provides extra comfort. This enables the
human body to behave almost exactly as it would on Earth, and enables any subsequent children to have a
healthy and proper growth. The difference from 1G is large enough to provide a more comfortable
environment, yet it is small enough to be negligible in terms of weakening of bones and muscles. Residents
will face no difficulty adjusting to and from the 1G gravity of Earth. As for the concentric sections, they
contain facilities such as industries and agricultural areas that do not necessarily need 0.9 or 1G gravity, and
therefore since smaller sizes of those facilities reduce costs, they are provided with 0.5G.

With the obvious exception of the outer docking areas, the entire settlement is pressurized with an
atmosphere at 1 atm.

In the above diagram, the outer torus is purely for residential and commercial use, whereas the inner
sections are for industrial use, agriculture, repair facilities and storage. The central axle, called the ADM, is
for administration and microG purposes. The ADM also houses the main communication dish and FSO
connector at its topmost point and also contains an observatory.

2.2 - INTERIOR LAYOUT

Columbiat has an efficient interior layout, that maximizes the available space and minimizes the amount of
infrastructure needed. Rather than build everything in one gigantic torus, Columbiat has one outer torus
and three inner concentric torus sections, as shown in the diagrams.

The outer torus is for the residential and commercial areas in 0.9G. All commercial and residential
infrastructure is in the outer torus, including houses, offices, shops, etc. The total area of the "down
2
surfaces" there is 1.95 km , approximately.
2
The three inner concentric torus sections are called sections A, B and C. Each section contains 0.21 km area
2
in down surfaces, approximately, making the total down surface area as 0.6km approximately.

The ADM only has about 100m of usable height, since it holds the docking module, communication array,
rotation interface, space elevator interface and observatory. In this 100m high section, divided into four
2
floors, the ADM has a total livable down surface area of 0.064km . Here, the ADM holds a Foundation
Society office, zero-G recreational activities, etc. In the section just below the observatory, the ADM houses
it's spare machinery and controlling computer systems.
S.no Structural Part Radius Height Vertical Clearance Surface Area
2
1 Outer Torus 962m 275m 75m 1.95 km
2
2 Inner torus sections 525m 70m 35m 0.2 * 3 = 0.6km
3 ADM 75m 400m 100m from inner All sections counted =
surface 0.05km2

S.no Use Area Percentage out of total area

2
1. Residential 1.8km 70%
2
2. Agriculture and animal farms 0.25km 10%
2
3. Industries and commercial area 0.01km 16%
2
4. Facilities (Hospitals, PDS, etc.) 0.010km 0.04%
2
5. Public Open Spaces 0.05km 2%
2
6. Administration Areas 0.008km 0.3%

Please note that the above figures are rounded off so as to ensure clarity. For a more detailed area
allocation and to see interior layout diagrams in detail, please refer to Human Factors, sub-torus community
plans.

2.3 - CONSTRUCTION PROCESS

1. The construction and assembling process of the entire settlement takes place in LEO, lower Earth orbit,
at a height of 576kms above the Earth, a relatively deserted orbit, to prevent risks from a disastrous
outcome of the Kessler Syndrome.
2. The ADM tower is constructed first, floor by floor. When the first floor is constructed, it is used as a
temporary workstation to build the next, and so on. The second thing that is built is the docking areas, to
facilitate easy transfer of materials.

3. The rotational interface is installed next. The basic infrastructure for the transport rods is put into place.
All of this is done by the ConstructionBots.
4. Both the torus and the inner concentric sections are fully modular in construction, and all the parts are
sent up from Earth, requiring only assembly, docking and mating. In this way, using the
ConstructionBots' robotic arms, first the sub-1G sections are assembled in orbit.
5. Next, the outer torus' construction begins from the ends of the three transport rods. It is during this
time that human workers are sent up to correct any faults in the sub-1G sections. They are also sent up
with atmospheric supplies so that they can use one of the sub-1G sections as a living and working base
while assisting with the construction of the outer torus.
6. While the outer torus is constructed, the human workers, with automated assistance, pressurize the
sub-1G sections with a 1 atm atmosphere. The entire aim is to do as many tasks simultaneously as
possible to reduce construction time and therefore costs.

7. Once the settlement has been

confirmed to be airtight and safe, the
agricultural bots and workers and the
flora and fauna are sent up, with
adequate atmospheric supplies. They
then work to start and sustain proper
environmental cycles such as
photosynthesis, oxygen cycle, etc.

8. When all of the cycles have been completed, the

workers and internal construction robots are sent up
to make the infrastructure of the settlement. All the
infrastructure's materials are sent up in one series of
launches. The internal automation systems are
established at the same time.
9. Once all of the safety checklists have been cleared by
the automation systems and all faults corrected, the
settlement is now ready for transport. It is boosted
from lower-Earth orbit into the L1 orbit using ionic
propulsion. This process takes about 545 days.
10. During the transport to L1, the infrastructure of the settlement is constructed and assembled inside the
settlement itself. This again helps to save time by completing tasks in parallel. And since the settlement
2
is accelerating at 0.00008m/s , the gravity produced by the linear acceleration is negligible and
therefore infrastructure can be constructed normally in the gravity provided by the settlement. The
human workers rely on the already self-sustaining agriculture systems of Columbiat during this work
period for sustenance.
This again demonstrates Northdonning Heedwell's policy of simultaneous construction, making it faster
and cheaper.
11. When the settlement is finally placed at L1 orbit, it is ready for the residents, and they are sent up on the
last series of launches.
 2.4 - Docking
Columbiat provides docking for five ships at once, including one airlock area for passenger ships. The cargo
ships will load/unload their cargo by means of pressurized tubes connected to the ship or directly through
the ship's airlock. After the cargo is transferred, it will immediately be checked by security bots and undergo
decontamination processes if needed, all automated, only supervised by human operators, since security
and safety of the residents are of the highest concern.

As for the passenger ships, they will use a larger airlock when they board the Columbiat. They will undergo a
scanning process and decontamination if necessary. After that, they step out onto the pressurized dock and
can enjoy the natural views before going down to the transport tubes.

It can also provide long-term emergency repair facilities for one ship, in the pressurized dock. This
capability will be doubled when the adjacent docking chamber is extended to hold another pressurized dock
for passenger and precious cargo transport in the future.

Visitors to Columbiat can, after entering, also visit the Observatory, located directly above the docking
module. The Observatory allows natural views of the Earth and the moon, and is equipped with high-
powered telescopes.

2.5 SPACE ELEVATOR

SPACE ELEVATOR RIBBON

The dimensions of the space elevator ribbon will be meter wide and 1 cm thick. Its length would be 60100
kilometers which would connect Columbiat with the Moon.

The Space elevator ribbon will be constructed by extruding viscous buckystructure feedstock through a
catalyzing agent giving us a ribbon of silicon buckystructure and the required dimensions. This ribbon will
be attached to the lower part of the ADM through strong structural supports and motors along with ball
bearings in order to reduce friction and energy losses.
Moreover this attachment system would be attached to a slit in the ADM through which its movement in
case of deflections would be possible.

The attachment to the moon surface would be through Drills that would get into the moon for a stronger
grip. The drills will be fifteen meters deep and will be in an area with hard rock so as to ensure maximum grip
and retention.

SPACE ELEVATOR STRUCTURE

The space elevator's structure would be a sort of a hollow cylinder, which would accommodate 100
passengers and two cargo containers. It's dimensions are a radius of 25m and a height of 60m. Following
shown is the method by which the ribbon is attached to the elevator. For more information about the
structure of the elevator, please refer to Human Factors.
 3.1 - CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS
Materials Sources Properties Purpose
Silicon Lunar surface, Has good electrical Industries
sent from Earth properties
Iron Earth General properties of Industries
metal
Steel Earth Industries
Aluminum Earth Light weight , high strength Industries and
and mechanical stability Infrastructures
Silver Earth Good conductor Industries
HT Plastic Earth Strong , high temperature Infrastructure
resistivity
Astroquartz Earth Noncombustibility, high Industries
strength and durability ,
high temperature
resistivity
Aluminum Earth Thermal insulation , Transparent surfaces and
Oxynitride extremely strong infrastructure
Silicon Earth, Bellevistat High flexibility , no Outer shell
Buckystructure degradation
Titanium Earth High tensile strength , Frame work
crack resistance
Silica Lunar surface Strong Glass fiber
Lunar Regolith Lunar surface Radiation protection Radiation protection
Nitrogen Earth Maintaining earth like Atmosphere
sustainable environment
Oxygen Earth For us to Breathe Atmosphere
Carbon dioxide Earth Respiration of plants which Atmosphere
in turns give us oxygen

Water Earth and Lunar Coolant properties Industries and sustenance of

surface human life
Indium and Osmium Earth Protection from solar flares Radiation protection
XR-5M15 Propulsion Earth Propulsion system
system
Transparent Lunar Lunar surface Protection from IR Outer shell
Glass radiations
Storage between arrival and use - The main storage of cargo will be done in the warehouse which will
be situated near the docking ports. The cargo will be segregated by the InfraArm and will be carried to
specific warehouses in the city. The cargo will be transported to the settlement using transporting bots.

And as per the requirement the cargo will keep going to the main station with help of transportation
bots.

3.2 - ELEMENTS OF BASIC INFRASTRUCTURE

3.2.1 - ATMOSPHERE CONTROL

Columbiat air composition would be approximately the same

composition as Earth’s.
 The climate would be controlled by the projection of hot and cold air through industrial air conditioners.
Temperatures would be determined by the seasons. Temperature would follow that of the global mean,
and the temperatures would average ten degrees Celsius above and below the average on summer and
winter. For comfort, spring and autumn climates would ease into winter and summer. The air pressure
would be the average i.e. 1 atmospheric pressure. We can produce nitrogen with the help of nitrogen
fixing bacteria to convert ammonia (obtained from plasma gasification) to nitrogen.

This would help in maintaining an Earth like sustainable Season Mean Temp. (Celsius)
environment.
Spring 18-20
A clean, pollution and dust free and oxygen rich atmosphere Summer 24-26
shall be provided for maintaining hygienic and healthy living. Autumn 20-22
Automated air purification systems shall be installed in the Winter 15-18
walls of the hull components that are to be pressurized working constantly to purify air. Domestic
robots shall also be equipped with small air purification systems for small scale purification.

We also have robots which will monitor the temperature and pressure in the settlement. If any
undesired change is observed, it will be reported to the control room and quick measures will be taken.

Temperature
control in inhabited
colonies

Filters and charcoal

canisters: removes trace odours, dust and volatile chemicals from leaks , spills and out gassing

Using Airocides : Airocide is a successfully tested joint venture of NASA and FDA that clears the air of
virtually all Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) - the harmful gasses emitted by daily use products.
Each airocide unit comprises a diversified reaction chamber containing glass rings coated with titanium
dioxide. With the help of a high intensity light, the TiO2 produces hydroxyls. When airborne organic
molecules are drawn in and make contact with these hydroxyls, the carbon bonds in these molecules are
broken.

Industrial Heat Management

Cabin Heat Exchanger in the decks cool the air, condenses the moisture and collects in the slurper.
Water from the slurper is removed is moved with air to a fan separator, which uses centrifugal force to
separate water from air. The air is recirculated and the water goes to a waste water tank.
3.2.2 - FOOD PRODUCTION

METHODS OF FOOD PRODUCTION

It is a food production system that combines aquaculture, with hydroponics in a

AQUAPONICS symbiotic environment. Using NFT (Nutrient Filter Technique) which uses water
efficiently.
It is farming of aquatic organism and aquatic plants.
AQUACULTURE It involves cultivating fresh water and salt water
Fishes: Salmon , Steelhead , Trout , Catfish , Tilapia and sea bass
AEROPONICS It is the process of growing plants in mist environment without the use of soil.
VITRO Vitro production is production of engineered skeletal muscle tissue of animals i.e. raw
PRODUCTION meet
Micro plants will be present for converting raw food materials into processed syringe
substrates that can be used in the tested and diversified 3D food printers that will be
3D Food Printing used to manufacture finished food products.
(will be done in The syringe-based machine works like an inkjet printer, depositing layers of viscous
sub torus ) liquids to build up an object according to an uploaded design prior to production.
Nutritional values in food can be altered by this technique, and also alternative and
more efficient caloric sources like algae can be used. However, this is only a backup
techinique as it isn't as economic as the ones above.

Food Packaging

Food packaging for sustenance of essential nutrients is quintessential and must be done indigenously.
The Columbiat will make use of localized packaging plants equipped with modern thermoforming
machines.

These are Form-Fill-Seal style machines that form the package from rolls of packaging film (webbing).
Products are loaded into the thermoformed pockets the top web is laid and sealed under a vacuum,
producing vacuum packaged products. Thermoforming can greatly increase packaging production
speed. Thermoformed plastics can be customized for size,
colour, clarity, and shape to fit products perfectly, creating a
consistent appearance.

This process increases food substance lifetime by 6 times at

an average when refrigerated and more when frozen.
Vacuum sealed packing will prevent freezer burn by stopping
exposure to cold, dry air. Facilities will be available for the
purpose of sous-vide to make the process of cooking easier,
less labour intensive and thus make low cost poaching
effective.
2
Storage of Food - Food will be stored warehouses of area 0.0014 km facility in .Temperature and
humidity would be controlled in these storage facilities. The humidity would be 15% and access to such
facilities will be highly restricted by the use of airlocks. Entry to these buildings would only be allowed
after decontamination to prevent entry of microbes. An automated food retrieval system will be
integrated into the infrastructure of the building so food can be easily retrieved and delivered. Vacuum
sealing would be done which will prevent freezer burn by stopping exposure to cold, dry air. Proper
airlock systems would be installed.

Selling of Food - There will be markets in the settlement for selling fruits, vegetables, spices, grains and
other commodities delivering of the processed food packages; The Public Distribution System (PDS) will
also be largely automated. There will be vehicles just for transport of food, toiletries and other essential
products to the PDS centres. All individuals will be required to present their Mobile Ids and collecting
their required items of necessity.

3.2.2 - ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION

Columbiat derives solar energy from solar panels. We have a single layer of solar panels, gallium
graphene solar panels. The solar panels are situated on the outer torus' outer side.

Approximately 8150 Kwh per capita per year is required by the whole settlement, averaging industries,
residential and commercial areas.
2
Area used for panelling the solar panels is 120,000 m . Since the settlement rotates, only 60,000m2 of
the solar panels will be in contact with sunlight at any given point of time.

Gallium Graphene Solar Panels

2
Specific power 7.5372Kwh/m /day
2
Energy density 1000 W/m accounting for rotation and other space
objects blocking sunlight
Efficiency 60 - 65%

Therefore, the total power generated in the settlement is approximately 36 megawatts per hour, or
864 megawatts per day.

Storage of surplus power in the settlement

Energy Specification of Lithium Phosphate (LiFePO4) Battery

Specific Energy 90–110 W/kg (320–400 J/g)
Energy Density 220 W/L (790 kJ/L)
Specific Power 300 W/kg
Time Durability 10 years
Cycle Durability 2,000 cycles
Nominal Cell Voltage 3.2V

Power Generation for the space elevator -

The space elevator will also be powered by solar panels. The total area covered by the solar panels will
2
be 1,570 m . It will generate approximately 1,318,800 watts per hour. Light reflecting off the lunar
surface is ignored since it'll have negligible power gains.

3.2.4 - WATER USAGE

Requirement per day per Efficiency of recycling Daily requirement for the
person settlement
30 litres 90% 765000 litres
Water will be stored in the storage facilities in the sub-1G torus sections. It will be cleanly packaged and
sent to the outer torus when needed by robotic assists.

3.2.5WASTE MANAGEMENT
Using water efficiently

Vacuum Toilets will be used which has two chambers that separate the liquid and solid wastes. Using
vacuum suction technology, such as those used in aircraft lavatories, flushing liquids would now take
only 0.2 litres of water while flushing solids require just one litre. The existing conventional water closet
uses about 4 to 6 litres of water per flush.

Single-stream recycling - refers to a system in which all paper fibres, plastics, metals, and other
containers are mixed in a collection truck, instead of being sorted by the depositor into separate
commodities (newspaper, paperboard, corrugated fibreboard, plastic, glass, etc.) and handled separately
throughout the collection process. In single-stream, both the collection and processing systems are
designed to handle this fully commingled mixture of recyclables, with materials being separated for
reuse at a materials recovery facility (MRF).

Internal Communication

COLUMBIAT will make use of 5G based Li-Fi that will use

Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs) as the delivery medium for
networked, high speed communication in a diversified
manner using optical and electrical multiplexing techniques,
i.e., by simultaneously transmitting multiple data streams, and
by using multiple transmitting and receiving antennas.

Fluorescent lamps will be used for signal transmission and specially designed photo diodes will be used
for signal reception. Achieved speeds prove to be greater than 45 Gbp/s.

External Communication

External Communication systems will make use of FSO (Free Space Optical), a means of wireless
communication that makes use of light propagation in free space for telecommunication and computer
networking. Speeds of up to 10Gbps are achievable for simultaneous data, voice and video transmission,
all at once.

FSO uses receivers and transmitters that feature full capacity bi-directional communication.

The system features higher bit rates, immunity to electromagnetic interference, protocol transparency
and increased security in narrow beams.
Internal Transportation

S. No. Name Description Units

1 Polaris (Cycle) Mechanical cycle that requires human effort and provides a 15,000
good means of transport and also manual exercise
2 Icarus Indigenous hover-board powered by parallel conductive 20,000
electrodes that generate thrust by ionic wind
3 Walkalator Parallel to surface of settlement for transport between buildings 2,200
and in short open and closed spaces

These transport are only for the main torus, In sub torus we have no such transport because the sub
torus has lesser area and has low gravity because of which people can easily walk around.

The sub-torii feature a micro gravity environment that requires assisted movement for enhanced
stability and ease of purpose.
This need will be answered through the use of miniature hand-glove and boot thrusters, similar to the
ones seen in the primary space suit.
These thrusters will provide sufficient thrust to propel people in micro gravity and even in zero gravity,
if required.
These gloves and boots will be accessible to all entering and leaving the premises.

Day/Night provision cycle

The sky of Columbiat is made of aluminum oxynitride glass to have transparency. The underside of the
sky, facing the down surface, is coated with transparent solar panels, which are arranged in a grid
pattern and each corner of every panel holds a small light source, that is powered by the energy from the
solar panel. So when Columbiat rotates and a particular section faces the sun, the panels charge, and
when Columbiat doesn't face the sun, the light sources are activated from the power generated by the
solar panels in that short amount of time. So when the sun shines naturally, the panels charge, and when
the sun doesn't, the artificial lighting takes over. It is just enough power to activate the light source at
near the Sun's intensity at Columbiat, and can be likened to the amount of light that would filter through
on a relatively cloudy day on Earth. The transition from real to artificial sunlight is smooth and
unnoticeable.

3.3 -CONSTRUCTION MACHINERY

The exterior of the settlement will be built almost entirely on the surface of the earth, once the
construction is done, it will be folded and sent to the space in installments. Once it reaches the location
where the settlement is to be set up, the ship carrying the settlement will open up (as shown in the
picture) and will divide release many mechanical arm bots which are capable of assembling the
settlement, called ConstruBots. Each of these bots will be equipped with sealant fluids, welding, molding
the material using magnetic plates.
Once the whole exterior is constructed, it will be sealed and then the internal construction bots will be
brought to the settlement. A temporary raw storage will be built inside the settlement where all the raw
materials will be kept. Once the basic layout and interior design will be constructed, the taxi hub and
proper storage spaces will be constructed inside the settlement .All the factories and industries will be
set up and later all the houses will be built. For diagrams and details about the interior construction
robots, please refer to Automations, Heavy Duty Construction Bots.

PROPULSION

For its propulsion systems, Columbiat will use ionic thrusters. Ionic thrusters are
magnetoplasmadynamic thrusters, or MPDTs. Columbiat is equipped with 360
MPDTs, each with a thrust of 500N each, equipping Columbiat with 180,000N of
thrust. MPDTs are better than other propulsion systems since Columbiat only needs
propulsion systems for station keeping, minor thrust, RCS, and slow acceleration from
LEO to L1 during construction. MPDTs have high specific impulses, very high
efficiency, require very small amounts of propellant and take the majority of their
energy from electricity, which Columbiat has a lot of due to solar power. Chemical
rockets for the same purpose would require storage of excessive amounts of
propellant, which is risky enough and would spread harmful exhaust chemicals.

The MPDT propellants will be stored in sections above the attachment interface. The
attachment interface consists of servo motors allowing for the MPDTs to be
positioned at any angle. Fuel is fed through a single pipeline going through the interface. The 360
thrusters are attached directly below Columbiat's outer torus, to ensure maximum structural stress
management.

4.5)Space Elevator

The space elevator can accommodate 100 people within itself.

The journey will start from the ADM of COLUMBIAT. From the COLUMBIAT with an acceleration of 1 g
the space elevator after covering about 600 meters will reach its max velocity of 250 miles an hour.

After the max velocity has been reached the propulsion systems will start rotation of the elevator in
order to provide a 1g atmosphere and all services in the elevator will start.

The journey would take about 6 days and after the elevator is 700 meters from the surface of the moon
the system would be decelerated with 9.8 meters per Second Square and would smoothly dock to the
docking station of the moon. Since the atmosphere on the moon is negligible, the space elevator will not
require a heat shield.

The dimensions of the space elevator ribbon will be meter wide and 1 cm thick. Its length would be
60100 kilometres which would connect COLUMBIAT with the Moon.

The Space elevator ribbon will be constructed by extruding viscous Bucky structure feedstock through a
catalysing agent giving us a ribbon of silicon Bucky structure and the required dimensions .

This ribbon will be attached to the lower part of the ADM through hydraulic pumps and motors along
with ball bearings in order to reduce friction and energy losses.

Moreover this attachment system would be attached to a slit in the ADM through which its movement
in case of deflections would be possible.

The attachment to the moon surface would be through Drills that would get into the moon for a stronger
grip.

Attachment:

The attachment will constitute of a no of ball bearings to reduce friction. It will also constitute of a
unibody construction mechanism, so that no loose part breaks away and it stays connected to the space
elevator at all times. The attachment is reinforced by strong structural support from silicon
buckystructure materials.

Dimension:

The spokes would be 20 meters in length and the radii of each spoke would be 2 meters so as to provide
ample structural support.

The cylindrical region would be 25 meters wide. It would contain 2 shells of 45 meters and 15 meters in
order to give sufficient volumes for cargo as well as passengers respectively.
Introduction:

At a height of 223770 kilometers from the Earth, the ever-dynamic space settlement project- Columbiat
aims at providing its constituent members with a spectrum of amenities. These attributes provided
ensure that the members enjoy a good quality of life and well- being. Columbiat will provide services like
housing, food, education, entertainment, medical, recreational activities, etc. Adding on, it would also
provide its residents with natural sunlight and views of the Moon and the Earth, while at home. In short,
it completely redefines the ideology of survival in space.
PROVISION OF SUNLIGHT

The sky of Columbiat is made of aluminum oxynitride glass to have transparency. The underside of the
sky, facing the down surface, is coated with transparent solar panels, which are arranged in a grid
pattern and each corner of every panel holds a small light source, that is powered by the energy from the
solar panel. So when Columbiat rotates and a particular section faces the sun, the panels charge, and
when Columbiat doesn't face the sun, the light sources are activated from the power generated by the
solar panels in that short amount of time. So when the sun shines naturally, the panels charge, and when
the sun doesn't, the artificial lighting takes over. It is just enough power to activate the light source at
near the Sun's intensity at Columbiat, and can be likened to the amount of light that would filter through
on a relatively cloudy day on Earth. The transition from real to artificial sunlight is smooth and
unnoticeable.

4.1 - COMMUNITY DESIGN

The community design would serve as an ultimate Business Hub for

businessmen, a Luxurious Stay for the rich and a Pure Source of
Entertainment for people with recreational needs. It has been carefully
designed keeping in mind, the various requirements of people irrespective of
their backgrounds and age groups. The space city provides a comfortable
environment for all its residents, so that they gain an experience like never
before. The following goals are kept in mind while designing the community
plans -

1. Provide excellent mass transit to reduce the dependence upon

automobiles
2. Build good pedestrian and bicycle infrastructure including sidewalks and
bike paths that are safely removed from automobile traffic.
3. Ensure affordable housing is available for people of all income groups.
4. Create community centres, microG sports and leisure gardens so that
people can gather and mingle as part of their daily activities.
5. Offer access to green space and parks to provide children with fun and entertainment.
6. To design a community in a way that fulfills requirements of guests and residents, and provides
ample business infrastructure in space.
4.1.1 - INDUSTRIAL AREA-
The industrial area of our settlement is located in the sub 1G section and comprises of various industries
that are necessary for survival and cater to the basic needs of the citizens. Some of the industries are-
Medical, Furniture, Mechanical, Metallurgical, Textile, Printing, Food Processing, Electrical, Gas
Processing Plant, Water processing, Waste processing. A forested growth besets the industries so that
the pollution and cocophany from the industries can be absorbed. This in turn leads to fresh air and
atmosphere for the residents and the guests preventing form harsh sounds from the industries. The
2
total industrial area measures 0.4km .

INDUSTRIAL WASTE MANAGEMENT- The industrial wastes include a large amount of toxic gases such
as methane, carbon di oxide, carbon monoxide the gases are of of great use in Columbiat where methane
and carbon di oxide will be used in water production and the gases will also be used to run propulsion
systems. Toxic waste which are emancipated in small quantities and is of no use to our settlement would
be treated to give useful products and wastes from the treatment plant will be collected for dumping
into outer space.

4.1.2 - HOUSING

The housing is done in such a way that every resident has the required area for living, which matches
their standard. The neighborhood in Columbiat has people from various backgrounds which enables
them to mix with each other and gain exposure. In order to give service to residents, different housing
bots and specially built mobile have been provided.

4.1.3 - ENTERTAINMENT AND RECREATIONAL

A) THE RECREATION CENTERS

Libraries serve the readers with a completely different reading experience, both physical and digital.
Malls are readily available for shopaholics. Foods of global cuisines are served in all restaurants to
accommodate all residents. Other perks of living in the Columbiat space settlement include VR (Virtual
Reality) Gaming, an Observatory built into the ADM, and 0-G games, and of course, trips to the lunar
surface.

B) THE KAIROS COMMUNITY EDIFICE –

This is a three floored building and has casino, clubhouses and recreational games( includes small sports
for people). This has been made for the people to enjoy at nights after their working hours and during
holiday.

4.1.5 -THE MORGUE

It has been made in the 2 sub 1 G section. In order to deal with the Desolate
deaths that will take place in the settlement, the dead bodies will be kept in a
green atmosphere inside a green house where bacteria and insects will be
present to decompose the bodies and emancipate large amounts of gases such
as methane which will be extracted from the green house and used for purposes
like manufacturing water and propulsion systems. If the deceased residents'
next of kin so choose, the person may be sent back to Earth to be buried there.

4.1.5 - PARKS AND GARDENS

An array of parks and green areas are incorporated into the design of Columbiat space settlement
providing an aesthetic and pleasant environment. All these parks offer a relaxing atmosphere for the
inhabitants and are a great place for socialize. In addition, parks provide psychological relaxation as well,
as they subconsciously remind new visitors and residents alike of Earth, enabling faster adaptation to
the prospect of living in space, if needed.

4.1.5) EDUCATION

In our settlement we have 2 schools and 2 colleges to cater to the education system. The Columbiat
space settlement strives to build a well-developed integrated education system. The education system
here provides a systematic 3 tier education system including vocational training centers. The education
system shall consist of primary, elementary, secondary and high school institutions. The schools have
modernized technology for studying purposes, including digital and computerized methods along with
highly skilled and professional teachers. Apart from schools we have universities offering a variety of
courses for the students to pursue their desired careers in space. Aspiring engineers can also collaborate
with research labs onboard Columbiat to conduct experiments in the pursuit of discovery.

4.1.6 - BUSINESS HUB

In this belt we have the business requirements to fulfill the employment and the earning needs of the
people of the settlement. A small part of this area will have stock markets, banks and offices for over 20
companies. This, in addition to sale and purchase of land, houses and property on Columbiat will add to
the revenue. There will also be three banks in the outer residential torus to ensure healthy corporate
competition. Columbiat also provides the highest luxury to visiting businessmen and an easily facilitated
trip down to the lunar surface with it's space elevator, thereby opening a new channel for business with
lunar resources.

4.1.7 - AGRICULTURE

Following are the foods that will be grown in agriculture areas -

Fruits and dry fruits

Mango, apple, grapes, cherry, lemon, orange, berry, plum, banana, raspberry, blueberry,
melon, coconut, custard, guava, cranberry, watermelon, dates, almond, cashew, apricots,
raisins, walnuts, pistachio, etc.
Vegetables
Beans, onion, tomato, cauliflower, potato, lettuce, lentil, turnip, mustard, brocoli, corn, soya
bean, peas, lotus stem, brinjal, Lady finger, pumpkin, mushrooms, etc.
Others
Papyrus, cotton, jute, hemp, nettle, abaca, henequen, ramie, etc.

4.1.8 - CONTROL CENTER

There is an administrative center in the city (outer torus) that monitors the settlement and maintains
peace and security. Outside the settlement , The ADM has the following features which will monitor not
only security but also has radioactive testing, bacteria testing ,micro-g research lab, micro-g sports, etc.
The ADM is appropriate for a command center because the docking port is situated there.

4.1.9 - RESEARCH LABS

Since our settlement is located in space, there arises numerous possibilities in the field of research. It
provides an apt system for conducting experiments. Testing of substances can also be done in these
research labs. There will be two labs, one is located in the city, and it has an access hatch through which
one can conduct experiments in space. The other lab is located in the sub 1G section which provides on-
site microG environment. A smaller laboratory will be located in the Observatory, where it will use high-
powered telescopes to scan the skies for astronomical purposes.
CLOTHING - (Source: Cotton and other synthetic fibre) Replenishment: 31,620 kg/year (Inc. Avg. of
visitors) the old clothes are made to undergo several processes of cleaning. They are replenished in the
Recycled Cloth Processing Mill where they are shredded and their fibre is then recovered using
mechanical processes.

4.1.10 - CONSUMABLES Consumable Amount ( per

capita per
ANNUAL REPLENISHMENT- PAPER (Source: Bamboo and annum)
Cotton plants or Sugarcane waste) Replenishment: 168,810 Oat 24.9295kg
kg/year (Inc. Avg. of visitors) Used papers will be replenished in Wheat 42.997 kg
Recycled Paper Processing Mills where they will undergo Rice 34.9305 kg
various processes like formation of slurry (fibre separation), Pigeon pea 10.7675 kg
removal of contaminations like ink, dust etc. The recycled fibre Kidney bean 5.979875kg
thus formed will be used to make new paper. Spinach 7.1175 kg
Cabbage 7.02625 kg
CLOTHING - (Source: Cotton and other synthetic fibre)
Fruits 3.58375 kg
Replenishment: 31,620 kg/year (Inc. Avg. of visitors) the old
Lettuce 1.800 kg
clothes are made to undergo several processes of cleaning.
They are replenished in the Recycled Cloth Processing Mill Carrot 4.47125 kg
where they are shredded and their fibre is then recovered using Potato 6.19468 kg
mechanical processes. Ginger 1.00375 kg
Onion 6.19468 kg
The following shows the details of consumables that will be Garlic 1.00375 kg
used in the city.
Capsicum 5.475 kg
Consumables Amount ( per Lady finger 6.47875 kg
capita per Butter 4.745 kg
annum ) in kg Oil 7.75625 kg
Cosmetics 3.846 Eggplant 6.47875kg
Garments 12.4 Chicken 75.555 kg
Stationeries 1.53 Fish 30.395 kg
Washing 9.924 Coffee or tea 1.2775 kg
Powder Salt .9125 kg
Toiletries 12.888 Meat 52.975 kg
Milk 73 liters
Sugar 10.49375 kg
4.1.11 - PSYCHOLOGICAL FACTORS OF LIVING

Psychological Factors Causes Common Remedies

Isolation 1)Lack of social interaction  Earth like environment
2)Home sickness  Maintained Day/Night cycle
Stress 1)Increased Work Load  Use of bright colors and
2)New and inhospitable
designs on walls, to lighten
surrounding
mood
Depression 1)Biochemical Environment
2)Psychological factors  Social and interactive
3)Personal experiences environment
Hallucination 1)Psychiatric disorders -  Views of the earth
schizophrenia and psychotic  Temperature and artificial
depression weather control to
2)Sensory Problem, such as experience various seasons
blindness and deafness
of earth
Confinement 1)Lack of adequate space
 Entertainment
Lipism Syndrome(person 1)Psychiatric disorders
feels everything is a 2)Past traumatic experience  Open areas
dream)  Adequate spacious
 Asphyxiation(on entering 1)Lack of oxygen surroundings
low pressure areas) 2)Choking  Differentiated
Solipsism Syndrome 1)Long period of isolation neighborhood
2)Lack of social acceptance  Proper balance diet
Claustrophobia 1)Fear of enclosed spaces which
 Earth like gravity
might trigger frequent panic
attacks  Proper medical facilities
Insomnia 1)Anxiety  Meditation and yoga
2)Excessive intake of caffeine
3)Underlying medical condition
4)Stress

4.2 - RESIDENTIAL DESIGN

S. No. CATEGORY AREA PER NO. OF UNITS TOTAL AREA FLOORS Total area
unit (sq ft.) sq. ft. (Ground+x) km2

1 Residential Mentioned - - 1.796

below

2 Banks 3000 3 9000 3 0.0008

3 Shops 1500 8 6000 - 0.001

4 Public Open Spaces - - 430556 - 0.06292

5 Restaurants 3500 10 35000 2 0.00325

6 Malls 7000 2 14000 3 0.0013

7 Hospitals 8000 2 16000 3 0.00150

8 Clinics 3000 5 15000 - 0.00139

9 Hotels 10000 2 20000 3 0.0018

10 Schools 3200 2 6400 2 0.00059

11 Colleges 4000 2 8000 2 0.00075

13 Community Centers 5000 6 30000 3 0.00278

14 Administration 3500 1 3500 2 0.0013

15 Roads & Transportation - - - - 0.01

Animal farms 0.05

17 Research lab 8000 1 6000 3 0.00074

20 Offices (150 officials) 2000 4 8000 3 0.0007

21 Offices ( 100 persons) 1500 8 12000 3 0.001

22 Offices (30 persons) 900 15 13500 3 0.00125

23 Offices (5 persons) 500 30 15000 2 0.0014

24 Headquarters (300 4000 1 4000 3 0.00037
persons)
22 Ware houses 1000 12 12000 3 0.0011

23 PDS centers (Public 800 10 8000 2 0.0007

Distribution System)
24 Automation repair 2000 8 16000 3 0.00148
center
252 day care facility and 6000 2 6000 2 0.0056
assisted living
27 Cycle stands 20 150 3000 - 0.00028
2
TOTAL 1.95 km

S. CATEGORY AREA PER NO. OF TOTAL FLOORS TOTAL

NO. UNIT UNITS AREA sq. (GROUND+X) AREA sq.
sq. ft. ft. km.
1 clinics 2000 1 2000 2 0.000185
2 ADMINISTRATION 3500 1 3500 2 0.00032
3 WAREHOUSES 1000 1 1000 3 0.001
4 PDS CENTRES 800 1 800 2 0.006
6 AUTOMATION REPAIR 2000 1 2000 3 0.000185
CENTER
7 Forest growth around - - - - 0.006435
industries
9 Restaurant 3000 1 3000 2 0.000278
10 Agriculture 0.2
2
Total 0.21 km
SECTION - B

S. NO. CATEGORY AREA PER NO. OF TOTAL FLOORS TOTAL AREA sq.
UNIT UNITS AREA sq. (GROUND+X) km.
sq. ft. ft.
1 Clinics 2000 1 2000 2 0.000185
2 ADMINISTRATION 3500 1 3500 2 0.00032
3 Recreational activities 1000 1 1000 3 0.05
4 PDS CENTRES 800 1 800 2 0.006
5 INDUSTRIES 8000 12 96000 3 0.2
6 AUTOMATION REPAIR 2000 1 2000 3 0.000185
CENTER
7 Forest growth around - - - - 0.006435
industries
9 Restaurant 3000 1 3000 2 0.000278
2
Total 0.21 km
SECTION-C
S. NO. CATEGORY AREA PER UNIT NO. OF TOTAL FLOORS TOTAL AREA sq.
sq. ft. UNITS AREA sq. ft. (GROUND+X) km.
1 Clinics 2000 1 2000 2 0.000185
2 ADMINISTRATION 3500 1 3500 2 0.00032
3 WAREHOUSES 1000 1 1000 3 0.001
4 PDS CENTRES 800 1 800 2 0.006
5 INDUSTRIES 8000 12 96000 3 0.2
6 AUTOMATION 2000 1 2000 3 0.000185
REPAIR CENTER
7 Forest growth - - - - 0.006435
 around industries
9 Restaurant 3000 1 3000 2 0.000278
10 Agriculture 0.2
2
Total 0.21 km

Demographics of residents in the settlement-

Type Number Furniture

Married adults 70% (average age 40, median age 35) 16100 Number of 13000
beds
Number of 45000
Single Men 15% (average age 33, median age 34) 3450
chairs
Single Women 10% (average age 40, median age 35) 2300
Number of 60000
Children (under 18) 5% (average age 11, median age 9) 1150 tables
Number of 60000
Total 23000 desks

RESIDENTIAL AREA ALLOCATION-

S.no TYPE OF HOUSE Area DEMOGAPHIC No. of TOTAL Area sq. ft.
per Buildings AREA
house in TAKEN
2
sq. ft. (km )
1 Apartments type-1 800 Single men 287 0.0213 229600
Condominium
2 condominium 800 Single women 191 0.0114 152800
2 Residential type-1 1000 Families without 1100 0.1 1100000
children
3 Residential type-2 1200 Families with 15000 1.67 18000000
children
2
Total = 1.8027km

Apartment type 1 - Specially designed for single men and women, these condomiums accommodate as
many as 12 people at a time. We take special care as to how we allocate these apartments, there are
bots to serve the people and nearby entertainment adds to its perks of living.

Apartment type 2 - These apartments also have 12

people residing in one building. It is provided with all the necessities and the allocation is such that they
are adequately served by the bots during the working hours.
House type 1 -

This house is specially made for people without children.

House type 2 -

These houses have been specially designed for families with children.
 4.3 - SAFE ACCESS
4.3.1 - SPACE SUIT

Clear, impact-resistant polycarbonate plastic is used to make the helmet. It fits to the PCG by a quick-
connect ring. The helmet is padded for providing comfort. Purge valve is present to remove carbon
dioxide if the backup oxygen supply is required to be used. Inside of the helmet is treated with an anti-
fog compound prior to use, for optimal visibility.

Extravehicular Visor Assembly (EVA) present over helmet has four headlamps, a wireless transmission
camera, wireless communication DSCN communication system, anti-sunlight visor and cover to protect
against thermal and mechanical impact

Primary Chest Garment (PCG)- HUT is replaced by a PCG made

of polymerized stretchy plastic that provides 67% of required
pressure. Remaining 33% of pressure is provided by Nickel-
Titanium alloys, which act as active material and are present as
tension lines on the suit. It is a tightly wrapped suit that provides
increased mobility and is more natural and comfortable to wear.

Gloves- Gloves bear wrist bearings for easy movement. They fit
into arms by quick-connect rings. Gloves have rubberized
fingertips to help astronauts grip things. Fine fabric gloves under
outer gloves are present for comfort. Outer gloves have loops to
tether tools.

Arms- Arm units contain shoulder, upper arm and elbow joint
bearings to allow movement in as many directions as possible. The
arm units fit into the PCG by quick connect rings.

IDB- The In-Suit-Drink-Bag is a plastic pouch mounted inside the

PCG that can hold water and is connected to a straw present near
the astronaut’s mouth.

PLSS- Primary Life Support System (PLSS) is an astronaut’s

backpack and contains oxygen tanks as well as cooling system i.e.
LCVG (Liquid Cooling and Ventilation Garment). PLSS has a
Primary and Secondary oxygen Pack, in cases of emergency.

Display and Control Module (DCM)- Chest mounted DCM

contains necessary controls, switches and gauges. Wrist bound
display module displays vital signs.

Compression Shirts- These are worn under the space suit and have an electronic scanner connected to a
Nano processor. It helps in monitoring Heart Rate, ECG, G-Force, and body temperature, GSR etc. It also
acts as an absorption garment that soaks up sweat and is connected to urine collection bag/garment.

H2O2 THRUSTERS - The suit has H2O2 thrusters that use very less fuel and provide ten hours of
constant low thrust. The ejected exhaust materials is also not harmful, and these thrusters are very
cheap to manufacture and maintain, and the fuel is inexpensive as well.

Materials used to make this specialized space suit are: Nylon tricot, Spandex, Urethane-coated Nylon,
Dacron, Neoprene-coated Nylon, Mylar, Gortex, Kevlar and Nomex.
Donning/ Doffing Procedures

After entering the stowage room, the astronaut will stand in the magnetic shoes zones hoes will be
firmly attached to the ground. Then the electric hand will automatically hold your waist, and the
astronaut may then starts to done the pants, helmets, gloves, coat and the backpack on or off.
SYSTEM/DEVICE FUNCTION LOCATION
PADDED WALLS Polymerized, padded walls avoid bodily injuries Low G areas like Transport tubes
and abrasion upon contact with surfaces in low g
areas
TETHERS Spectra Fiber™ coated with Silicon Buckystructure Attached to suits and safety belts
to provide optimum strength and flexibility
HAND AND FOOT Padded hand rails made of Titanium for providing Transport tubes, outside surfaces
RAILS support whilst standing, and also while floating in and low gravity areas
zero or micro-g
GLOVES AND Polymerized rubber gloves for better grip and also Associated with suits and
BOOTS protection from lunar dust additional safety gear
HELMET Protection from sunlight, radiation and also Associated with suits and
mechanical injuries. Two light cum cameras for additional safety gear
added protection through monitoring

EXTERNAL VEHICLE
External transportation will take place through space capsules equipped with propulsion systems and
food distribution systems.
S.No Name of capsule Description No of Units
1 Pyro Matrix  Pyramidal in Shape 25
(For Tourism)  Can accommodate 100 passengers
 Base area is 1000 meter square
 Equipped with food distribution system.
2 Nabonidius  Cylindrical in shape with aerodynamical 15
(For Cargo) design.
 Can accommodate 5 Cargo containers of
standard size.
Airlocks System - To prevent air loss, a specialized computerized sequence within the doors will be used
to maximize efficiency and safety.

Minimizing air loss takes the highest precedence, and computer

sequencing will ensure maximum air retention. The air lock
components are designed to work with maximum energy
efficiency; helping to circulate power to other systems.

Control panels within every air lock room will prevent the doors
being opened while the airlock is in use. Air lock pass code
recognition ensures maximum security.

It has mountings for four high-pressure gas tanks, two

containing oxygen and two containing nitrogen, which provides for atmospheric most specifically for the
gas lost after a hatch opening during a spacewalk.

These tanks provide a replenish able source of gas to the Atmosphere Control and Supply System and
6.2 MPa oxygen for recharging the space suits.

Various computerised sensors would be present to keep a proper check. These computerised sensors
will keep a record on air loss and keep storing the data, if any unusual change found in the data, quick
measures will be taken.

MEDICAL FACILITIES

Basic medical facilities like civil amenities centres and medical supply outlets. 24 hour access to
specialized hospitals with support from modular designs with access to basic drugs and medical scanning
equipment. These medical bots will be trained to diagnose any illnesses and administer required medical
procedures or drugs as and when necessary. The taxi hub will facilitate the hospitals in case of
emergency. There are 8 clinics with two major hospitals that will cater to all the basic medical amenities

QUARANTINE

Every Torus/ sub torus is vacuum sealed and pressure stabilized against spread of any microbial diseases
but giving due consideration to wide-ranging possibilities, there is provision for placing both the torus
and sub torii in quarantine individually by means of an efficient, centrally-controlled isolation, lock-
down mechanism. This mechanism can individually place the torus or any one portion of a torus/ sub
torus under quarantine with provision for supply of basic requirements like food, water and medication
through vacuum-stabilized, pressurized barriers.

For singular cases or cases with only a few people infected, there will be a separate Quarantine room,
capable of housing fifty people at once. This chamber will be deadlocked and airtight and sealed, and the
inmates will be totally isolated, sharing no contact, not even the breathing air, with the rest of the
residents, until they are treated and all risk of contamination is eliminated. The entrance to the
quarantine chamber is guarded by an airlock.
 4.4) KAIROS OCEAN HOTELS AND RESORT

The specially built KAIROS OCEAN HOTELS AND RESORTS will serve the 2500+ transient population.
The infrastructure of the hotel is marvelous with modern technology and entertainment facilities that
will provide a once in a lifetime experience. To provide security to the residents and guests, a security
unit will be employed and will be accompanied by bots. There will also be provisions to accommodate
over 5000 guests during high traffic times such as when the Foundation Society begins other major
projects in space and planetary settlements.

Lobby interior layout

Hotel design Restaurant interior layout

4.5 - SPACE ELEVATOR INTERNAL DESIGN

The space elevator internal design is so designed that provides privacy to all residents but also provides
community areas. A journey to the Moon takes approximately six and a half days.

The space elevator cab has no provision of artificial gravity, since six and a half days in microG has little
or no effect on the human body. The space elevator is a cylindrical structure, where the central part is
for community activities, and the side sections are for private use. The side sections are equipped with
computers, beds, desks, etc. to accommodate residents during the 6.5 day trip. Each private cabin has an
2
area of 205m and vertical clearance of seven meters, which is more than sufficient for psychological
problems for six days. The second and third last floors are for facilities such as toilets, PDS, etc. These
facilities are free and available to all passengers. The space elevator cab can also accommodate cargo
storage upto fifteen meters long in the community areas. Dimensions are given below in the diagram.

When the elevator cab is accelerated or slowed down, the passengers tie themselves to seats with
seatbelts so as to ensure no accidents due to the G forces changes caused. In no event is the acceleration
produced ever more than 1G, and there are only 2 acceleration events - launching from Columbiat and
slowing down to land on the moon. In total, there are 5 private floors with eight cabins each, making a
total of 40 cabins in the space elevator. The bottommost cabin is for luggage storage.
 5.1 AUTOMATION OF CONSTRUCTION PROCESS
Heavy Duty Construction Bot Multiple pre-programmed Assembly of infrastructures 7 bots employed
mechanical arms, Capacity once the external construction
upto 100 ton. Can be operated of the settlement is complete.
by a human also.
Precision bots Inbuilt Carbon Nanotube 3D Prints interior objects , moulds 50 bots employed
printer, Sharp carving tools them , fits them to the (45 will be converted to
attached to it and contains structures modular bots later )
mouldable joints.

All-purpose bots Bots with mechanical arms, Tests the work done by the 50 bots employed
thrusters and environmental other two bots using IR and (All will be converted to
Control sensors. They will also laser pin-point sensors .Once modular bots once
encompass a warm pressure construction will be done , construction process is done)
steam-water spray paint jets according to the resident , the
after external construction is house will be painted by these
done. bots

Shown below the heavy duty construction bot and the transport utility at the settlement.

5.2 FACILITY AUTOMATION

Field of work Associated Problems Automated systems Employed

Settlement maintenance and Any damage to the houses , Bots used in construction(5.1)will be
Repair Damages to roads , infrastructures , used
Damages to the external hull of the
settlement
Safety functions(Backup and The settlement is to be provided Splash system , Modular bots
Contingency) with robots which will physically
maintain the settlement, Planned
routines during any calamity.
Monitoring Systems All the Environment conditions to Housekeep , Surround Monitor,
be monitored DetectBots
THE CONTROL CENTRE
All the administrative members will be provided special password protected mobiles which will have elevated
privileges so they can monitor any system under their jurisdiction. All systems will be encrypted and can only be
accessed by members of their department. Further people working in the ADM who monitor systems, will be given
a new password every week. All the data transfers of the automation systems will be encrypted and will be
monitored all the time. Special network frequencies will be used for high priority tasks.

1. THE HOUSEKEEP

It is a system devised for monitoring and managing the conditions inside each
Residential Complex. It encompasses a small box installed into all the
factories, workstations and houses. It includes Temperature, Gyro, Gas
concentration and even pressure sensors.
It collects data every 7 minutes and sends it to the ADM. The time of data
stream of each module will be different depending on the type of
infrastructure, meaning all warehouses will send their data at the same time,
all houses will send their data at one time. Essentially each kind of
infrastructure sends data at different time. This will ease up the tasks for the
mainframe computer.
The temperature sensors monitor the temperature in every building detecting
anomalies. In emergency or for a public message the Housekeep will also
stream messages. If it detects any mishap, it breaks the seven minute routine
and sends the data to the ADM immediately, whose computer processes it with the highest priority, since
residents' safety is our highest concern.

Gas sensors look for gas leaks or other harmful gasses. There will be an LCD screen which displays this data for the
public.. A particular radio frequency will be reserved for the use of the housekeep. It also stores data for the past
one month .Also , the data can be checked by any member of the settlement using a GUI based app on his phone.

2. SURROUND MONITOR

Above the entire settlement, there will be placed IR sensors,

receivers and also thermal imaging sensors. Once the basic
construction inside the settlement is done, these sensors will
make a digital image of the entire settlement. These 2
different schemes of photos which will be generated will be
used as reference images, one will be thermal and the other
will be topographic. Once all roads and paths are built and
houses and plots are allotted these reference maps will be
digitally tagged. These will serve as the main reference image. It will then be marked with waypoints, road markers
and important places like hospitals and PDS systems .Infra-red sensors located over the complete settlement will
constantly create new maps after every 68 seconds. These will provide live traffic updates which can be viewed by
a citizen. The automated transport system discussed further will also create their paths using these maps reducing
traffic also coordinating with each other. These maps will be compared to the reference and if some critical
difference arises, some pre-programmed steps will be taken (as explained in contingency).

Maps of the past one week will also be stored in a static storage system. These maps will be made in a minimalistic
way so as to make their size small. [A photo of the prototype]
It will also form a crucial part of the emergency protocols.

3. DETECTBOTS
 >Special detection bots will be employed every 20 days at the surface of the Columbiat which will detect cracks
and damages to the exterior hull. It will use ultrasonic detection to find these flaws accurately. Once these flaws
are verified by the Scientists at the ADM. If these damages are minor and can be fixed by the mechanism in the
DetectBots ,they will be fixed immediately but if they are severe and cannot be fixed by the Detectbots , the these
bots will spray a temporary fix which fills the fracture by expanding till it is under sufficient strain . Later a team of
astronauts physically go and fix this. Detectbots will use under-mounted ducted fans to achieve lift and fly around
the torus, and will operate by internal batteries.

7 detectbots will always be placed to detect solar flares, these will be coated with polyethene XF1, its
semiconductor chips will be encased with aluminium. They will encompass neutron monitors, GPS receivers and
ionosondes hence they will inform about the effect of the solar flares 10 minutes in advance.

4. THE MODULAR DESIGN

This is one of the best innovations of Columbiat. Columbiat's robots are modular, i.e. they have replaceable parts.
The same robots that were involved in the construction and
assembly of Columbiat in Low-Earth-Orbit will be repurposed
and reused by reusable universal arm brackets. Essentially,
the robotic arms of the construction bots can be replaced by
any other machine, such as water hoses for FireBots,
weaponry for SecurityBots, etc.

The standard ModularBot is equipped with two robotic arms,

a central computer, and a camera.

MECHANICAL SECURITY FORCE (SecurityBots): These will run

either autonomously or by the administrators. They will be equipped with tasers, loudspeakers and 2 different
colours of siren bulbs one blue and the other red. The blue bulb is activated only during calamities and disasters.
They will also be equipped by a camera which will provide live feed. The security force will also be repurposed
ModularBots. SecurityBots can also be repurposed into fire bots,

CONSTRUCTION - ConstructBots

They will also be equipped with a mechanical arm and will be automated. If required they will be able to work on
commands by the Infrastructure Management department. These will have little storage space for raw materials
and also access to the warehouses. They also work in unison, i.e. if a load is too heavy, Columbiat doesn't have
larger bots to lift that load, it will employ multiple ModularBots to lift said load together. After the construction
process is completed, they will be repurposed into modular bots. This ensures massive cost savings and
demonstrates intelligent use of resources. These bots will use As for internal construction of infrastructure, there
are seven HeavyDuty construction bots employed.

MEDICAL HELP

These ModularBots will be equipped with all the important medicines and utilities. Their modular parts will include
a first aid dispenser, injection dispenser. Medical bots can also be repurposed into Repair mode, and using their
precision arms and tools they can repair damages in Columbiat. If required, ConstructBots will help them lift heavy
loads.

ADVANTAGES

 It will take approximately 3 minutes for a bot to be converted to another kind.

 The 200 modular bots which are commissioned do not have a particular division between these 3
types but are divided based on requirement. For instance during a calamity the construction bots will
 convert to the Security and medical help bots. Or even to distribute a particular vaccine some security
bots may get converted to medical bots
 The conversion process can also be overridden by the authorities according to the needs. This need based
system is what makes modular robotics apt for our space settlement as it is efficient and extremely cost
effective.

TAXI HUB

There will be an automatic taxi service in the colonies. The taxi’s will run on electricity and will only be charged at
their respective hubs. The residential colony will house 4 taxi hubs. These will coordinate and send taxis to the
locations where taxis are needed.

Taxis can be summoned by the K1 Mobiles and will receive payment by them.
The taxi hub will also host another Heavy-Duty transport utility aimed at transporting industrial produce and raw
materials from one location to another. This includes crop produce, cold storage materials, construction materials,
finished products and other essential utilities.

The taxi hub will also employ a team of professionals who will monitor all the vehicles and even guide it. These
vehicles unlike our conventional taxis will not require any human assistance to drive it around but will have the
direct link with the monitoring system described above. It will have all the tracks, paths and even safety measures
pre-programmed in it. However, in times of emergency, a
citizen of Columbiat can choose to stop the taxi.

In case of any problem the operatives may guide or even

remote control the vehicle.
As a safety measure a collision sensor will also be set up, it will
basically perform two tasks, one being prevention and the
other of helping after a collision. The taxis will scan for any
vehicle or moving entity which is bigger than a particular size
and has some particular characteristics and if it is another
vehicle or a person the taxi will stop. These sensor will be lined throughout the taxi, and will be activated if another
threat is detected at a distance of under 2 inches from the car. It will also function as a helping mechanism, along
with the BAND, this will notify medical agencies on a collision i.e. the medical department will now receive 2
notifications, one from band and one from this sensor. This happens only when 2 cars collide or a person is hit. This
2 notification system is used by the medic department to be characterised as a symbol for an accident meaning,
they will now send for help keeping in mind that this is a road accident.

Each vehicle will be tagged by a RFID to know about its whereabouts.

If any person owns a personal vehicle, it will also be tagged by the RFID and it will be synced to the owners K1
mobile .And the owner can check the location of his vehicle at any time.

CONTINGENCY PLANNING

When any calamity takes place, the HouseKeep will notify of change in any particular parameter in the settlement.
Further, depending on the type of contingency, the vehicles will be made capable of getting pressurised and locked
up until rescue. Each vehicle will hold a food reserve for 10 days and also some important medical supplies.The
surrounding sensor will make thermal maps of the settlement and by protocol, it will coordinate with the
housekeep; for e.g. if there is a fire at a building, or a building has collapsed, the housekeep will notify the ADM of
a null value or a high temperature value, also the surround sensor will show change . This will notify the agencies
of a problem also all paths made for the vehicles will be changed so as to leave the block in which calamity has
been reported . During any contingencies the modular bots will convert to medical as well as security bots, they
will line up and create a track towards the escape pods.
Also, backup servers and backup transmission lines will be set up for contingencies.

SPLASH-FREE SYSTEM

All infrastructures can be programmed to become air locked whenever necessary , if any fire is detected in any one
of the infrastructures , The house is checked for presence of any human inside that infrastructure By checking if
any band(refer 5.3) is located inside the infrastructure . If there is no band, the infrastructure gets locked down
immediately and air is sucked out hence removing oxygen thereby stopping the fire. The outer fire will be stopped
by modular bots.

5.3 HABITABILITY AND COMMUNITY AUTOMATION

LIST OF SERVERS IN THE COLUMBIAT

Name Memory Cache Processing Speed Amount

MainFrame 800 TeraBytes 70PHz 1
Mainframe_2 800 TeraBytes 70 PHz 1
Mainframe backup 400 TeraBytes 50PHz 4
Operations 900 TeraBytes 45 PHz 10
Residential 200 TeraBytes 45 PHz 120
PDS 400 TeraBytes 45 PHz 61

THE ALL IN ONE MOBILE K1

>A new state-of-art all in one mobile will be specially developed for the
columbiat. Every person in the Columbiat will be allotted a digitally tagged
mobile. It will also be used as an identity card. It will digitally contain
information of the owner’s family, his ration requirements, money in his
account and other credentials.

>Even the temporary residents will also be allotted one and it will also
include time of their stay.

> It will also function as a tracking system at times of emergency. Since it will be used very frequently by every
person it will also be able to catch people who have overstayed their due time.
>Apart from being the conventional mobile it will also function as their wallet. There will be no currency in the
Columbiat, There will only be credits which will be directly transferred to their Mobiles which they earn through
their jobs or which are transferred through earth.

THE BAND

It is a simple band which is given to each member of the settlement on

arrival, it monitors the heart pulse, blood pressure, and other important
aspects, just like the housekeep this data is also sent to the mainframe
to be processed and sorted for any anomaly it sends a modular medibot
(described ahead) for help and if the problem is serious, an ambulance.
It is also digitally tagged and synced with the K1Mobile Phones.

MOBOBOT
It is an advanced multitask robot to assist in household tasks like cleaning, vacuum, basically carrying out all
sanitation tasks. It will be equipped with the basic tools which one would require at a home.

5.4 - MANAGEMENT AND

INVENTORY
All the cargo which will enter the settlement
will be tagged by a digital RFID sensor and also
a barcode sensor, they will monitor the location
of the cargo as well, location status and the
details of the cargo. Once the cargo reached its
location the tag on the cargo will be set as
delivered. Any official employee can see the
status of a cargo with the K1 mobile.

This is a render of our unloading tube. The

cargo will travel in the cuboidal tube (golden).
The black pistons will push down the cargo in
the respective delivery tubes sending the cargo
to a particular tube. (Blue is for the outer torus,
purple is for the sub-1G sections.

5.5 DOCKING STATION

As shown in the diagram, each ship will have to go through a series of decontamination processes, once a ship
reaches the repair centre, it can transfer its damaged robots to the Repair Centre and return to the dock.
> In the repair centre, there will be employed 25 trained engineers.
>The repair facility will first test all the robots and ship parts for possible dust contamination and radioactive
contamination in a pressurised room using blue light IR detectors, UV scans and couple of other optical based
scans.
>The repair facility will house a special room where the temperature and pressure conditions can be manipulated
by the engineers and the robots and ship parts can be fixed under suitable conditions.
>It will also house several Compound based 3D printers and will be able to print out robot and ship parts in many
different materials according to the robots needs.
>Once the robot structure is fixed, the robot software code will be tested and fixed, and the ship's software will be
simulated on Columbiat's
systems, checked and fixed if
necessary.
 PHASE 1 AND 2
PROCEDURE COST
Research and Development $10,000,000,000
Designing and Outlining $4,000,000,000
Analysis $5,000,000,000
Total $19,000,000,000

PHASE 3
MATERIAL COST
*Phase 3 includes construction steps
Transportation to LEO $10 billion
1, 2, 3, 4.
Titanium and Aluminium $3.5 billion
Silicon Bucky Structures $4.5 billion
Aluminiumoxynitride Glass and $450 million
Fused Silica Glass
Carbon fibre $900 million
Solar Panels $210 million
Total $19.56 billion

PHASE 4
MATERIAL COST *Phase 4 includes construction steps
Titanium and aluminium $3.5 billion 5, 6, 7, 8. The reason silicon bucky
Construction Shack $700 million structure and transportation costs
Silicon Bucky Structures $15 billion are low is because silicon
Aluminiumoxynitride Glass and $900 million buckystructures will not be sent up
Fused Silica Glass from the Earth but they will be
Other materials $1.2 billion imported directly from Bellevistat.
Transportation to LEO $13.1 billion Only the rest of the materials will be
Transparent Solar Panels $480 million
Total $34.88 billion
Phase 5-A: Housing Costs
HOUSES NUMBER OF HOUSES COST PER HOUSE TOTAL COST
Houses with children 15000 $2,400,000 $36,000,000,000
Houses without children 1100 $1,250,000 $1,375,000,000
Condominiums for single 287 $2,200,000 $631,400,000
men
Condominiums for single 191 $2,200,000 $420,200,000
women
Total $38,426,600,000
transported.

PHASE 5-B:SUB SECTION COSTS

CATEGORIES NO.OF UNITS COST PER UNIT TOTAL COST
Clinics 3 $1,600,000 $4,800,000
Administration 3 $2,800,000 $8,400,000
Warehouses 3 $1,100,000 $3,300,000
 PDS Centres 3 $640,000 $1,920,000
Industries 12 $8,800,000 $105,600,000
Automation Repair 3 $2,200,000 $6,600,000
Centre
Recreational activities
- - $12,000,000
Restaurant 3 $2,400,000 $7,200,000
microG Research Labs 1 $6,600,000 $6,600,000
Morgue 2 1,250,000 2,500,000
TOTAL $165,920,000

Phase 5-C: Interior Construction Costs

CATEGORIES NO. OF COST PER TOTAL COST
UNITS UNIT
Banks 3 $3,300,000 $9,900,000
Shops 8 $1,000,000 $8,000,000
Restaurants 10 $2,800,000 $28,000,000
Malls 1 $7,700,000 $7,700,000
Hospitals 2 $8,800,000 $17,600,000
Clinics 5 $1,500,000 $7,500,000
Hotels 2 $11,000,000 $22,000,000
Schools 2 $2,560,000 $5,120,000
Colleges 2 $3,200,000 $6,400,000
Community Centres- (casino, clubhouses, 6 $5,500,000 $33,000,000
recreational games)
Administraton 1 $2,800,000 $2,800,000
Research lab 1 $6,600,000 $6,600,000
Offices (150 offcials) 4 $2,200,000 $8,800,000
Offices ( 100 persons) 8 $1,650,000 $13,200,000
Offices (30 persons) 15 $990,000 $14,850,000
Offices (5 persons) 30 $400,000 $12,000,000
Headquater (300 persons) 1 $4,400,000 $4,400,000
Ware houses 12 $1,100,000 $13,200,000
PDS centers (Public Distribution System) 10 $640,000 $6,400,000

Automation repair center 8 $2,200,000 $17,600,000

Day care facility and assisted living 2 $4,800,000 $9,600,000
Cycle stands 150 $10,000 $1,500,000
TOTAL 270 $256,170,000
 PHASE 6 – SPACE ELEVATOR
MATERIAL COST
Silicon Bucky Structure (for ribbon) $14 billion
Silicon Bucky Structure (for elevator) $180 million
Titanium and Aluminium for Lunar surface operations $780 million
Total $14.96 billion

SYSTEMS OF COLUMBIAT

Food Production (total) $11 billion

Electrical Power Generation and Distribution (aside from cost of solar panels) $2 billion

Internal and External Communication Systems $3 billion

Internal and External Transportation (including propulsion systems of $8.5 billion

Columbiat)

Atmosphere Control (including transportation of atmospheric supplies) $4 billion

Waste Management $4 billion

Water Management $4 billion

Day/Night Cycle $200 million

Total $32.7 billion

MAINTENANCE COSTS

Maintenance of operational systems $5 billion

Maintenance of Human Factor Buildings $8 billion

Maintenance of robots $2 billion

Maintenance of Communication servers $13 billion

TOTAL $28 billion

AUTOMATION

NAME COST per unit QUANTITY TOTAL

Heavy Interior Construction Bot $100,000 40 $4,000,000

Precision bots $40,000 50 $2,000,000
All purpose bots $55,000 70 $3,850,000
 Moduar bots (first used for construction) $70,000 1,000 $70,000,000

Housekeep $10,000 20,000 $200,000,000

Surround Monitor $15,000 40 $600,000
Taxi hub $10,000 10 100,000
taxi $90,000 200 18,000,000
K1 mobile $1,000 26,000 $26,000,000
Band $1,500 26,000 $39,000,000
MoboBot $25,000 18,000 $450,000,000
DetectBots $30,000 40 $1,200,000
Servers and Computers $4,000,000 197 $788,000,000
Software for all systems in Columbiat - - $4,500,000,000
Total $6,102,570,000
FINAL COST
Phase 1 and 2 $19 billion
Phase 3 $19.56 billion
Phase 4 $34.88 billion
Phase 5 $15.8 billion
Phase 6 $14.96 billion
Automation $6.1 billion
Systems $32.7 billion
Maintenance $28 billion
GRAND TOTAL $171 billion
Economic inflation has not been considered, and the precise total cost is $171,000,000,000.

SCHEDULING
7.1)TRANSPORT NODE AND PORT: - There will be a separate section for transportation in the ADM . The transport
hub will be divided into three sections .The largest section will be the PRIME NODE - all the ships that land here
either bring people or cargo to the settlement
While docking the ship will be assisted by the ADM n docking locations . Once the ship has been authorised for
docking , it will be allocated a node . All civilian passengers will get off the ship here and visit the administrations
section . Then the ship will go to the refueling and repair section if required . The second will be specially used for
cargo transfer only . Ships bringing supplies and cargo will dock through this section . All the cargo from ships will
be unloaded and put in the conveyor tube . This section is what will be primarily used for the heavy payloads and
transport of materials for lunar development The third docking section will be reserved for emergency landings , for
instance a ship is damaged and is incapable of landing , ships from this section will be deployed to haul these res-
cue the people and haul the ships in these sections . Along with these sections , there will alsobe set up locations
on the ADM where ships can quickly refuel their propulsion oil.
An Administration section will be set up in the ADM , here the management of people going inside or outside the
settlement will take place . Any person entering the settlement will go through a full background check . Once they
have been verified , they will be given a BAND (refer automation 5.3), a K1 mobile(refer 5.3) and a new generated
barcode will be digitally tagged to their BAND and K1s . This will serve as their digital Identity inside the settlement .
People will also be able to transfer money to their accounts so that they can use them through their K1 phones.
There will also be a customs check at this place . Any person leaving the settlement will also have to leave through
the administrative section . Here they have to deposit their K1 mobiles and their bands . The people will be given an
option to store digital data from their mobiles on an online server of a transfer drive so that they could access it
once they leave the settlement . These people will also go through a customs check and they wll also be made to fill
their dues and fines if any .
7.2.1)OFFICE FAILITIES: -We provide huge offices with luxurious amenities which will enable them to set up their
headquarters. We give high speed internet, conference rooms, and research labs. Movable walls also help in mak-
ing the area specific things better and this solves the problem of people, by using movable walls huge amount of
people can be accommodated in one place during large conferences. We also provide computers and digital furni-
ture which enables the officers to work with ease. The robots also add as an assisting luxury. The private robots
handle the transport work or they just help the officer they have been assigned to. The security there would be of
the highest class with CCTV’s all over the place installed with night vision and multi zoom. Each employee would be
given an ID Card which they will swipe at the gates and then only they would be allowed to enter. Moreover, a fin-
ger print scanner would also be installed for increased security. There will be robotic guards on the gate. There
would be projectors installed in each room, each connected with director’s room so that any important announce-
ments can be made instantly. There would be the facility of intranet, which would provide various departments of a
company to interact with each other. Each company would be given its own website to operate, which will make it
possible for the customers to buy the products only from their homes only and provide support to the customers.
7.2.2) BANK FACILITIES - Columbiat will have three banks with further scope for expansion. The computers in the
banks will connected by optical fiber, which will maximize the communicating speed.24x7 ATM service will be given
by the banks to their customers and these ATM’s will be located in every district. This will reduce the risk of carry-
ing cash for the customers. Special helpline nos. will be provided to them by the settlement which they can use to
solve the grievances of the customers. Moreover, loans, financial aid and financial advice will be provided by the
employees of the bank to their customers. The rate of interest will depend on the usage of money from the loan
and the time period. They will be various options available to the customer for the repayment of loan. The repay-
ment can be done in terms of cash, kind or service which is beneficial to the bank. High security lockers would be
made available to the customers with biocote anti-bacterial protection as standard which reduces the risk of cross
contamination from services with high frequency. Digital Cash facility will be made available to the customers. Digi-
tal Cash is an electronic currency that exists only in cyberspace. The customer needs to pay the amount of cash he
wants as digital cash to the bank and then the bank will send a special software through which customers can make
online purchases resolving the security problems related to credit card.

[1]
7.2.3) FACILITIES FOR NEW FOUNDATION SOCIETY HQ
The New Foundation Society Headquarters will cater to 300 member staff with a scope for further expansion. The
office will be luxurious and equipped with the latest technology, digitalized furniture, high speed internet, research
labs and huge conference rooms. Special robots will be provided to the headquarters who will carry out the re-
quired work efficiently and effectively. The headquarters will be connected by fiber optics, which will provide for
maximum transfer speed. There will be a food automator which will provide for any type of food required. The em-
ployees will be constantly trained by experts and professionals to improve their productivity.
7.2.4)COMPUTING CENTERS
Computing Centers will be provided to company to overlook the transaction and ensure its safety. Centers will ena-
ble secure networked internal communications for each company and will take care of the interconnectivity for
transferring data.The data sent to the other companies would be encrypted with world class encryption There
would be firewalls and IDS installed to protect any unidentified person to gain access
7.3) SPACE ELEVATOR OPERATION CENTRE
The space elevator of the space settlement will be operated through a special operation center built specifically for
the purpose of providing power, monitoring faults and errors and guiding the space elevator capsule from the ring
to the lunar surface. The solar power being used will be responsible for the rotational and translational motion of
the elevator. The responsibility of operating this space elevator will be given to an external company which will
monitor its functioning. Moreover the lunar surface will be made a tourist spot which will be supported by space
elevator and the responsibility of maintaining this tourist attraction and providing facilities will be given to another
external company thereby making the space elevator a business hub.
Sources of revenue -
1. LAND AND PROPERTY - The businessmen will buy land within Columbiat and set up their own commercial
facilities to earn money. We will charge them for buying the land at the rate of just $1000/sq. ft. and help
them in advertising their business. This way it will be profitable both for the Columbiat and the business
since Columbiat will earn revenue and their business will expand and they’ll get more no. of customers.
Our experts will also help them setup and run their businesses and give them tips to expand it the very
near future.
2. Buying & Selling of Private Land - The residents will either buy or rent the land available to them. The rates
will be very less. The rate of houses will be 175% of the construction price to residents. The pricing ensures
that the houses are affordable to all economic classes Columbiat is concerned with. The apartments would
be given even at a lesser rate. If they rent a house, security deposit and an initial cost of around $100,000
will be taken from them which would be used in case they incur damage to the house. The rent would be
decided on the basis of the size and location of the house. This way Columbiat can earn good amount of
revenue and the residents will get a comfortable and luxurious place to live in.
3. Stock Markets - The stock markets will prove to be an important source of revenue for Columbiat. The
residents and businessmen living in Columbiat can invest their money in the stock market. They would be
charged a nominal commission of around 2% which would prove to be good revenue for Columbiat. This
way, residents can get good returns on their investments and the companies will also get more capital to
invest in their business operations. The companies will be charged a registration fees to get their stocks
raised in the stock market depending upon the amount of capital they want to raise. The companies will
also have to pay around 20% of their profits as taxes to the Columbiat. This would generate big amount of
revenue for the Columbiat.
4. Lunar surface & Space elevator - Columbiat serves as a terminus to the lunar surface. Columbiat will
charge visitors and passengers a small fee to use the lunar space elevator, which is safer than taking a di-
rect trip in a spacecraft to the Moon.
5. Tourism - Columbiat will have many tourists every year who will stay at Kairos Hotels and Resorts and is
one of the ultimate tourist destinations, being in space with the best view possible.

[2]
 Operational Scenario
 Space. The final frontier. It comes from the convergence of Chaos and Caligo. Going back to the very same
place where we began. Not only where this odyssey began, not only where our adventures and misadven-
tures began, but where life and science, as we know them, began. The only difference being, it’s the third
time over.
 These are the voyages of the human civilization. And the latest chapter in that story is the Columbiat. With
the advent of new marvels of technology, even the seemingly clueless infant, who is aboard a vessel that as
we speak, is en-route on its way to Columbiat, drop his jaws, much like the others in his company. It’s a sight
to behold, as they move around in outer space in Lower Earth Orbit they observe something unlike you’ve
observed before. It’s a marvel, it’s Columbiat.
 The vessel enters its docking station, one with the intermittent glamour of Grand Central Station, yet it bus-
tles like an Indian market, with life and liveliness.
 As we move on from the docking station, we arrive at the welcome center, the first formal greeting and wel-
come to the final frontier, at the brink of space, the ADM, the center of all operations, the place where it all
begins and ends. It’s homely and it’s professional, airy, modern and impeccably clean and well-serviced.
 As the people wait, they are all provided with their access cards, currency and essential gadgetry for their life
aboard this man-made marvel, and surprisingly enough this dispersal is through machines, efficient and
effective.
 Because one of the ideals of this establishment is that man has strived and innovated for the past 20 centu-
ries, it’s his opportunity to kick back and enjoy his creations for the next 20.
 After the ADM comes the main Torus. One large piece of infrastructure made of the prime of materials at the
zenith of mankind’s scientific abilities. On the outside it appears as majestic as Kirk’s USS Enterprise, the only
difference... It’s newer and it’s better.
 On the first inside it is an integrated community. The layout, the first in its class, integrating the answer to all
of man’s logistic needs and also mastering the art of city planning, one block at a time.
 The community design brings to us the right balance of greenery and infrastructure, of metal and glass and
of luster and brittle.
 Modular houses equipped with the sufficient resources, and robots and machinery that respond to every
whim of the inhabitant are but one star in this wide, wide galaxy.
 Living here synonymous I the joy of living in on of trump’s estates. Amenities are serviced, not manually but
by bots and all new, revolutionary housekeep, it’s Jarvis taken to a whole new level.
 Just because its space, it doesn’t imply that we forget our own Earth. Hence , the columbiat brings to its visi-
tors , greenery , libraries , advanced agriculture and even industries to give us what we need , at every step
along the way , the way it is back home .
 Space no doubt is the final frontier, the brink of science and god, but man is only human. To address the con-
cerns of entertainment and sports, we offer one sub torus that serves this very purpose.
 We move the next sub torus, one for agriculture, and 3D food printers, serving all nutritive needs, the way
they should be – delicious that are nourishing.
 Undoubtedly the integrated systems of columbiat service all our needs. Taking a quiet moment to sit back
and observe, we can observe supernovas , galaxies ,stars, moons and even meteors though the clear and
united windows that guard us from the undiscovered space that lies ahead of us .
 BIBLIOGRAPHY
Operations:

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https://mitei.mit.edu/system/files/20130617-transparent-solar-cells-3.jpg

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:TSS-1R_tether_composition.png

http://img.clubic.com/01679942-photo-schema-d-un-reseau-smart-lighting.jpg

Human Factors:

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Requirement Where addressed Page No.
The contractor will describe the design, development, construc- 1.0-executive summary 3
tion and operations/maintenance planning for the Columbiat

Providing a safe and pleasant living and working environment 2.1.1-Summary of structural design 5
for 23,000 full-time residents, plus an addition-al transient pop-
ulation, between 2000 and 2500, of business and official visi- 2.1-exterior drawings
tors, guests of residents, and vacationers. Design is required
enable residents to have natural views of Earth and the moon

Identification of large enclosed volumes, their uses, and show- 2.1 drawings 5
ing dimensions of major structural components and design fea-

Identify construction materials for major hull components. 2.1 5

Specify volumes where artificial gravity will be sup-plied, struc- 2.1 5
tural interface(s) between rotating and non-rotating sections, and
rationale for selection of rotation rate and artificial gravity mag-

Identify volumes maintained in pressurized or unpressurized 2.1 5

environments. Specify means for providing protection from ra-
diation and debris penetration .
Percentage allocation and dimensions of interior “down surfac- 2.2 5
es”, with drawings Labeled to show residential , industrial, com-
mercial, agricultural and other uses.
Describe the process required to construct the settlement, by 2.3 6
showing the sequence in which major structural components
will be assembled. Specify when artificial gravity will be ap-
plied.
Port facilities with simultaneous docking and unloading/loading 2.4 7
of four cargo ships and one passenger ship, with long-term
docking for one ship (For emergency repair. Provision for 100%
expansion in future.
Construction of space elevator through extrusion of viscous 2.5 7
buck structure feedstock through a catalyzing agent to form rib-
bons of the required dimensions. Formation of attachment inter-
face as a thicker length of ribbon, upon achievement of required

Description of facilities and infrastructure necessary for building 3.0-summary of operations 10

Charts or tables for qualitative and quantitative assessment of 3.1 10

materials and equipment required for the settlement construction
Requirement Where ad- Page no
dressed
Display of basic infrastructural elements for residential activities. 3.2 11
Layout diagrams displaying finished form con-versions entailing raw material ma-

Graphic Representation of propulsion system(s), locations and interface(s) with the 3.4 19
structure, propellant type(s), propellant storage, and description of thrust produced
in each case. 3.3
Graphic Description of space elevator cab de-sign. 3.5 19
Illustrated community design a with description of amenities and services. 4.1 22
External drawings and interior floor plan of the least four residential floor layouts 4.2 27

Graphics showing visualizations of hand-rails,tether,cages and other systems ena- 4.3 29

bling safe human exchange to any location or in low –g settlement areas
Floor layouts of arrival / departure areas and public areas of hotels, e.g., lobby, 4.4 31
restaurant(s), and shops
Visualizations of seating areas and entertainment for space elevator passengers 4.5) 31
Numbers and types of computers, servers, soft-ware, network devices, and robots 5)summary 33

Robot designs, with their dimensions and illustrating how they perform their tasks. 5)Summary 33
Theoretically explanatory graphic visualizations of automated construction and
assembly devices-- both for exterior and interior applications.
Charts or tables listing anticipated automation requirements for operation of the 5.1) 33
settlement, and detailed identification of particular computers and robots to meet

Graphic visualizations of robots and computers that people will encounter, and 5.3) 36
diagram(s) of network(s) and bandwidth requirements to enable computer connec-

Illustrations, chart, or matrix showing inventory management system; and illustra- 5.4) 37

Graphics of robot repair facilities, including illustration(s) of measures implement- 5.4) 37

ed in order to prevent spread of dust contamination brought by visiting ships.

Duration and completion dates of major de-sign, construction, and occupation 6.1)Timing 39
tasks, de-
Chart(s) or Table(s) listing individual costs associated with different phases of con- 6.2)Costing 41

Business needs of columbiat 7.0) business

development