What is Education?

Education is the process of facilitating learning, or the acquisition of knowledge, skills, values,
beliefs, and habits.
The process of receiving or giving systematic instruction, especially at a School College or
university.
Aristotle (384-322 BC) education is the process by which a sound mind is created in a sound
body. By this it meant that education aims at equipping the individual mentally, physically and
morally.
According to Castle (1965) education is what happens to a human person from the day they are
born to the day they die.
According to Aggarwal (1995), What each generation purposefully passes on to those who are
to be their successors in order to prepare them to deal with another and their surroundings
purposively.
According to Farrant (1980), Education describes the total process of human learning by which
knowledge is imparted, faculties trained and skills developed .
Montessori (1870-1952) taught that education is helping in the complete unfolding of the child’s
individuality.
Bishop (1985), “is no longer taken as an activity which is concerned primarily with the
imparting of knowledge or preparation of a finished product.
But it is a process which entails an awakening of curiosity, the development of proper interest,
attitudes and values and the capacity to think and judge for ones self.
Jiddu (1895-1986) says that “the ignorant man is not the unlearned, but he who does not know
him/herself and the learned man is stupid when he relies on books, on knowledge and authority
to give him understanding”. Understanding comes only through self knowledge.

Basically there are three types of education:

 Formal education
 Informal education
 Non-formal education
What is Formal Education?
Formal education refers to the type of education provided by specially established institutions
called schools.
Under formal education, teaching and learning activities are carefully planned with particular
educational objectives in mind and are guided by syllabuses, or course outline.
 Characteristics of Formal Education
 Planned with a particular end in view.
 Limited to a specific period.
 Well-defined and systematic curriculum.
 Given by specially qualified teachers.
 Includes activities outside the classroom.
 Observes strict discipline.
What is Informal Education?
Its a lifelong process whereby every individual acquires attitudes, values, skills and knowledge
from daily experience and the educative influences through conscious and unconscious means.
Informal education works through and is driven by conversation which involves exploring and
enlarging experiences that can take place in any setting.
Characteristic of Informal Education
 Incidental (by chance) and spontaneous (natural Feeling)
 Not preplanned.
 Not imparted by any specialized agency.
 No prescribed time-table or curriculum.
 May be positive or negative.

What is Non-formal Education?

Non-formal education is any organized, systematic, educational activity carried outside the
framework of the formal education to provide selected types of learning to particular subgroups
in the society/community for adults as well as children.
Characteristics of Non-formal Education
 It is not compulsory as compared to formal education.
 It takes place outside the realm of formal education.
 It is conscious and deliberate.
 It is organized for a homogeneous group.
 Serving the need of the identified group for a specific reason.

The Nature of the School Curriculum

The term "education" is derived from Latin words "educare" meaning
to train,
to bring and to nourish
to lead out',
So we can say that education is to bring up, to develop and shape up the individual talent and
inner potentialities of a student

THE SCHOOL CURRICULUM

 The term "curriculum" is generally understood as the courses or programmes of study offered
by an educational institution.
The word curriculum evolved from the Latin word which is “currere” which literally means, “to
run a course or a race course”.
It is all the activities which students need to engage in if they are to finish a programme of study
and achieve the intended learning goals.
Curriculum also involves the knowledge, a list of subjects to be studied, or a syllabus which
includes all the planned experiences which learners may be exposed to in order to achieve the
learning goals.

BROAD, MIDWAY AND NARROW DEFINITIONS

In its broadest sense a curriculum may refer to all the courses offered, the experiences and the
activities learned in a school.
· In its midway definition, curriculum is defined as all the learning which is planned and guided
by the school.
· In its narrower sense a curriculum may also be referred to as a defined and prescribed course
of studies, which students must fulfill in order to attain a certain level of education.
· For example, in this University, first year students are supposed to register a certain number
of courses within the first year of the first semester.
SOME BASIC DEFINITIONS
According to Taba (1962) “curriculum is a way and manner of preparing young people to
participate as productive members of our society”
Kerr (1968) describes curriculum as all the learning which is planned and guided by the school,
whether it is carried in groups or individually, inside or outside of the school.
Bishop (1985) considers curriculum as “learning experiences to be organised by teachers within
and outside the school, to enable learners to adopt positive attitudes to learning, to apply
knowledge and skills and to develop their taste and a balanced sense of values”.
Tamakloe (1992) defined curriculum as “a composition of a selection of socially valued
knowledge, skills and attitudes which a learner/student is made to acquire through various forms
of planning”.

Themes that are important

This means that:
1. curriculum is an on-going or a continuous process
2. curriculum is not static but allows for change to take place
3. curriculum is restricted
4. curriculum seeks to educate individual

BASIC COMPONENTS OF THE SCHOOL CURRICULUM

In simple terms every school curriculum must at least have the following components; these
are “the what, the how, the when and the why”. That is the;
Content: the subject matter (the what)
Methodology: the manner or method of instruction (the how)
Time frame: the order of instruction (the when)
Rationale: the goals, aims or objectives (the why)

Characteristics of the School Curriculum

 By nature curriculum is an educational activity.
 Curriculum is designed by the school and for the school.
 It responds to the changing needs of the society.
 Curriculum is a school activity but can also end up occurring outside the school.
 It is always meant to be a positive activity.
 Curriculum is a continuous process.

Summary
Teachers must remember, however, that regardless of the sort of education a country adopts
based on its educational philosophy, children will learn even if they do not attend school.
Learning in school, on the other hand, is distinct from learning outside of school, and if a pupil's
learning is to be guided toward desired outcomes, it must be planned using the elements
mentioned today.

PAST QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS

1. The component of the curriculum serves as the basis for determining its success or
failure……………
A. Purpose
B. Content
C. Learners experience
D. Evaluation
 ANSWER: D

2. An objective stated is considered to be precise when it…………

A. Has fewer words
B. Identifies ones learning outcomes
C. Cannot be interpreted differently
D. Can be achieved differently

ANSWER: C

3. Which of these agents of education empowers the other……….

A. Family
B. School
C. Media
D. Church

ANSWER: B

4. Content selected for the various courses in the curriculum are considered valid only when they
enable the learners demonstrate stated objectives.
True / False

ANSWER: True
5. Education is schooling and schooling is education.
True / False

ANSWER: False

6. The learnability of content selected for a particular subject does not depend on the availability
of resourced needed for teaching.
True / False
ANSWER: False
7. Experiences and activities which learners are exposed to which are not documented but takes
place during school hours varies from school to school.
True / false
ANSWER: True
8. The sequential arrangement of content is influenced by a country’s educational philosophy.
True / False
ANSWER: True
9. Learners learn better when teachers are involved in the selection of educational experiences.
True / False
ANSWER: True
10. Continuity as a technique for organising allows………
A. Concepts to be repeated with increased difficulty
B. Aspects of various disciplines to be fused into a composite whole
C. Concepts to be reiterated without increase in difficulty
D. A subject to be repeated across a number of subjects
ANSWER: A
11. According to existentialists, learners’ role in the teaching and learning situation is to ……..
A. Experience knowledge
B. Create knowledge
C. Receive knowledge
D. Select knowledge
ANSWER: C
12. What the culture of the school teaches learners may be considered part of the
…………………curriculum
A. Actual
B. Formal
C. Hidden
D. Informal
ANSWER: C
13. What teachers teach and learners learn as a result of the prevailing conditions form part of the
…………..curriculum
A. Actual
B. Co-curriculum
C. Formal
D. official
ANSWER: A
14. All these are purposes for evaluating an instructional programme except…..
A. diagnosing the programme
B. revising aspects of the programme
C. Changing the programme
 D. comparing programmes
ANSWER: C
15. Which of these is the most appropriate description of the curriculum…………..
A. a planned programme of activities a school exposes learners to
B. planned series of activities stated in the syllabus
C. subjects learners learn in school
D. All that students experience in order to be useful citizens
ANSWER: D
16. Psychology of learning influences curriculum design by facilitating………….
A. Determination of educational aims
B. Funding education
C. Hiring of personnel
D. Sequential arrangement of content
ANSWER: D
17. Which of the components of the curriculum provides evidence for curriculum reviews
A. Evaluation
B. Learning experiences
C. Purposes
D. Subject matter
ANSWER: A
18. Within which category definitions will you place this………. “Curriculum is all that students
go through in order to become useful citizens”.
A. Broad
B. Wide
C. Narrow
D. Mid-way
ANSWER: D
19. Purposes for the curriculum can be derived from all these except…..
A. Learners
B. Teachers
C. Society
D. Parents
ANSWER: D
20. In curriculum construction, purposes stated for subjects are called ……
A. Ultimate goals
B. Mediate goals
 C. Proximate goals
D. Specific objectives
ANSWER: C
21. In selecting learning experiences for his students, Mr. Eshun ensured that what he selected
would help learners demonstrate expected outcomes. What criterion influenced his choice?
A. Validity
B. Significance
C. Feasibility
D. Functionality
ANSWER: A
22. Which of the following is the most appropriate tool for collecting qualitative data when
conducting an evaluation?
A. Interview guide
B. Close-ended questionnaires
C. Tests
D. Projects
ANSWER: A
23. The process of conducting preliminary assessment in the environment within which the
curriculum will be is considered as ………..
A. Needs evaluation
B. Situational analysis
C. Needs anticipation
D. Context examination
ANSWER: B
24. Which of these determinants of a curriculum should a society consider if she wants to use the
curriculum to achieve social and political stability…
A. Cross-cultural factors
B. Teachers
C. Societal considerations
D. Existing curriculum
ANSWER: B
25. All the following are strengths of a discipline centred curriculum except…..
A. Promotes in-depth study and acquisition of knowledge
B. Ensures preservation of society’s culture
C. Allows easy structural arrangements
D. Encourages independent thinking.
 ANSWER: D
26. Learning experiences selected for learners are considered comprehensive when…..
A. All objectives and domains have corresponding experiences
B. Equal emphasis is placed on all aspects of the curriculum
C. Learners participate in the selection process
ANSWER: A
27. A good school curriculum should be able to facilitate the development of all aspects of the
learners except…………
A. Mental capacity
B. Value system
C. Local environment
D. Manipulative skills
ANSWER: C
28. Which of these factors will promote the preservation of the values of a society when
developing the curriculum
A. Culture of the people
B. Number of subject options available
C. Resources available
D. Evaluation system
ANSWER: A
29. A syllabus plays all the following significant roles except ……
A. Breaking related topics in a subject area into teachable units
B. Translating the philosophy of the curriculum
C. Making the aims of the curriculum available
D. Prescribing policies that make the curriculum achievable
ANSWER: D
30. The content of a subject which is authentic and also facilitates the achievement of stated
objectives is considered to be …………..
A. Valid
B. Reliable
C. Appropriate
D. Functional
ANSWER: A
31. In curriculum construction proximate goals are stated for…….
A. The nation
B. An institution
 C. A subject
D. A lesson
ANSWER: C
32. Which of these will you consider as one of the roles of educational philosophy in the
construction of the curriculum?
A. Defining the contribution of parents to education
B. Explaining the role of educational policy makers
C. Determining budgetary allocation for education
D. Determining the role of the teacher
ANSWER: D
33. What teachers are expected to teach and learners are expected to learn form part of the
…..........curriculum
A. Adopted
B. Taught
C. Covert
D. Received
ANSWER: B
34. Which of the following best explains the precise statement of objectives for an instructional
process………..
A. Statement must be short
B. Must contain one learning outcome
C. Must be interpreted similarly by different people
D. Must be simple worded and straight-forward
ANSWER: B
35. The content of a subject may entail the following except…..
A. Materials
B. Principles
C. Concepts
D. Theories
ANSWER: A
36. The pattern of curriculum construction that seeks to preserve the cultural heritage of the
people is called………….. curriculum
A. Discipline centred
B. Activity centred
C. Core
D. Integrated
 ANSWER: A
37. When the demonstration of the outcome of stated objectives is personally and socially
beneficial, the objectives may be described as………….
A. Significant
B. Appropriate
C. Feasible
D. Functional
ANSWER: D
38. What society values and cherishes and may want to pass on to future generation constitutes
part of the……..
A. Goals
B. Subject matter
C. Educational experiences
D. Instructional objectives
ANSWER: B
39. Educational bodies influence curriculum construction by…….
A. Recommending students for curriculum planning committees
B. Providing reports on student performances
C. Testing students on curriculum materials
D. Determining the success and failure of curriculum materials
ANSWER: B
40. Which of the following is not one of the foundations that shape the formulation of
curriculum………
A. Historical considerations
B. Philosophical considerations
C. Legal foundations
D. Psychological foundations
ANSWER: C
41. Learners may acquire one of the following values from examinations conducted.
A. Tolerating others opinion
B. Cooperating with others
C. Showing respect
D. Being independent minded
ANSWER: D
42. The process of conducting preliminary assessment in the environment within which an
instructional programme will be implemented is called
 A. Community research
B. Community diagnosals
C. Situational analysis
ANSWER: C
43. Which of the curriculum development models has a built- in mechanism that ensures that
information gathered from evaluation serve as a feedback into the system…..
A. Ralph Tyler’s model
B. Daryl Kenneth Wheeler’s model
C. Hilda Taba’s mode
D. Kerr’s model
ANSWER: A
44. All these are strengths’ of an integrated curriculum except
A. It eliminates the repetition of concepts
B. It is easier to organise the curriculum in this manner
C. It promotes the maintenance of society’s cultural heritage
D. It reinforces learner’s understanding of concepts
ANSWER: B
45. Objective stated for an instructional process that are of value than other alternatives be
described as………….
A. Significant
B. Functional
C. Relevant
D. Appropriate
ANSWER: A
46. In selecting contents for his students MR. Kyei considered all the resources available……
what criterion influenced his choice of content?
A. Significance
B. Validity
C. Utility
D. Feasibility
ANSWER: D
47. A society may be considered as developed if it has all these conditions in place
except…………
A. Substance
B. Safety
C. Sufficiency
 D. Satisfaction
ANSWER: A
48. One of the following is not from Tyler’s 1949 fundamental questions proposed for
curriculum development
A. Purposes
B. Content
C. Learning experiences
D. Evaluation
ANSWER: B
49. An educational programme is said to be clientele oriented because….
A. It is designed for clients with various orientations
B. It is good for a particular group of people
C. It is designed for a client
D. It can be used by other clients
ANSWER: B
50. Who explained education as the process of human learning through which an individual
acquires breadth of knowledge, understanding and critical thinking?
A. Farrant(1980)
B. Barrow1981)
C. Aggarwal(1995)
D. Castle(1965)
ANSWER: B
51. Which of the following categories of curriculum definition would be most difficult to
evaluate?
A. Broad definitions
B. Midway definitions
C. Narrow definitions
D. Plan or Means definitions
ANSWER: A
52. In Henson’s three levels of categorizing curriculum definitions, he used courses
synonymously with ………
A. Content
B. Experiences.
C. Process
D. Ends
ANSWER: A
53. One major demerit of perceiving the curriculum in a narrow sense is that ……..
A. allows curriculum to be thought of in a concrete and definite way
B. Is flexible
C. makes teachers teach along the pattern of examination questions.
D. Would make the curriculum simple to access.
ANSWER: C
54. In Henson’s three levels of categorizing curriculum definitions; one of the following groups
has similar definitions under them all.
A. Means, Content and Process
B. Means, Experience and Plan
C. Plan, Content, Experiences
D. Process, Experiences and Ends
ANSWER: D
55. Education describes the total process of human learning by which knowledge is imparted,
faculties trained and skills developed. One criticism of the definition is that it …………..
A. appears to include mis-education
B. Is too wordy or verbose
C. does not specify the trait imparted
D. Sees education as a process
ANSWER: B
56. Informal education is said to occur everywhere. One of the following is also making formal
education almost possess characteristic too.
A. It being a school-based phenomenon
B. It’s convergent definition
C. Technology
D. The issuance of Certificates
ANSWER: C
57. Which of the following has the largest number of Students
A. Informal Education
B. Formal Education
C. Non-Formal Education
D. Broad Education
ANSWER: A
58. All the following are ways by which Henson (2015) categorized the definition of curriculum
except…
A. Content versus Experience definition
 B. Means versus End definition
C. Process verses Plan definition
D. Programme verses product definitions
ANSWER: D
59. Given that final year students of UEW are being taught table manners, the study of table
manners can be best described as ………
A. Novel
B. Co-curricula
C. Extra- curricula
D. Support curriculum
ANSWER: B
60. The implementation of double-track system in second-cycle schools has occasioned some
changes to schools’ timetables and academic calendars. This happening is an examples of …..(
Select one:
A. Government policy determining the Curriculum
B. Societal considerations determining the curriculum
C. Learners determining the curriculum
D. Teachers determining the curriculum
ANSWER: A
61. The Chief and people of Anansekrom are worried about graduates from Aansekrom SHS.
The citizens complain that almost all boys from Anansekrom walk in a particular manner. Which
curriculum terminology appropriately describes how Anansekrom students acquired these
behavior? Select one
A. Through the absent curriculum
B. Through the co-curriculum
C. Through the hidden curriculum
D. Through the official curriculum
ANSWER: C
62. All the following types of education utilizes curriculum except, Select one:
A. Semi-formal education
B. Non formal education
C. Formal education
D. Informal education
ANSWER: D
63. Which of the following types of education does not make use of examination? Select one;
A. Informal education
 B. Non-formal education
C. Formal education
D. Pre-formal education
ANSWER: A
64. A group of traders at the Kotokuraba market organized themselves and invited teacher
Apietus to teach them Cost Accounting every weekend. What type of education is this? Select
one;
A. Non-formal education
B. Informal education
C. Pre-formal education
D. Formal education
ANSWER: A
65. One of the following categorisations of curriculum definitions by Henson (2015)
concentrates on the subject matter. Select one;
A. Process
B. Plan
C. Courses
D. Ends
ANSWER: C
66. All the following are definitions of curriculum reflecting Means as used by Henson (2015),
except ……….. Select one.
A. Experiences children have under a teacher.
B. A course of learning in a school
C. Experience set up by the school
D. Planned activities for instruction
ANSWER: B
67. A lot of students love Instagram because they learn about fashion trends. Through celebrities
posting pictures, they learn about new colour combinations, dress styles and new fashion
statements, what type of education is being provided in this instances? Select one:
A. Formal education
B. Non-formal education
C. Semi-formal education
D. Informal education
ANSWER: D
68. Curriculum is the collection of specified knowledge, skills, attitude, values from the
disciplines. This definition best suits which categorization of curriculum definitions by Henson
(2015)? Select one.
A. Ends definitions
B. Experiences definitions
C. Plan definitions
D. Content definitions
ANSWER: A
69. In the security services there is a mantra “do before complain”. If a teacher uses this mantra
in the classroom, the service he will be providing cannot count as education (going by RS Peter’s
criteria) because. select one;
A. What is transmitted is not worthwhile
B. Knowledge transmission is involved but there is not understanding
C. Learners will not commit to what is taught
D. Learner do not willingly submit to learning
ANSWER: D
70. In Henson’s (2015) three levels of categorizing curriculum definitions, he used courses
synonymously with……………..
A. Process
B. Experience
C. Content.
D. Ends.
ANSWER: C
72. Mr. Mensah, a curriculum expert has been invited to suggest ways of dealing with social
problems in Anansekrom. He has so far reviewed the subjects that the students learn at
Anansekrom SHS but he has found no fault from there. Which curriculum terminology
appropriately describes the subjects studied in Anansekrom SHS? Select one.
A. Co-curriculum
B. Absent curriculum
C. Hidden curriculum
D. Official curriculum
ANSWER: C
73. Which of the following types of education does not make use of examinations?
A. Formal education
B. Non-formal education
C. Pre-formal education
 D. Informal education
ANSWER: D
74. The implementation of double-track system in second-cycle schools has occasioned some
changes to schools’ timetables and academic calendars. This happening is an example of ………
{ Select one;
A. Government policy determining the curriculum
B. Societal consideration determining the curriculum
C. Teachers determining the curriculum
D. Learners determining the curriculum
ANSWER: A
75. One of the following categorisations of curriculum definitions by Henson (2015)
concentrates on the subject matter.
A. Plan
B. Ends
C. Process
D. Courses
ANSWER: D
76. “Curriculum is the experiences children have under the teacher in a school” This definition
reflects all the following categories of curriculum definition, except………….
A. Process definitions.
B. Ends definitions
C. Midway definitions
D. Broad definitions.
ANSWER: D
77. Education involves the transmission of what is worthwhile from one generation to another.
What is worthwhile as used here includes all the following EXCEPT. Select one.
A. Knowledge
B. Co-education
C. Values
D. Skills
ANSWER: B
78. All the following types of education utilizes curriculum except. Select one
A. Semi-formal education
B. Informal education
C. Non-formal education
ANSWER: B
79. Curriculum is the ‘permanent’ subjects that embody essential knowledge. In Tamakloe’s
typolopy, what type of definition does this fit?
A. Midway
B. Broad
C. Semi-Broad
D. Narrow
ANSWER: D
80. Which of the below curriculum terminology best represents the unintentionally acquired
skills and attitudes emanating from the administrative setup of educational institution? Select
one:
A. Official curriculum
B. Null curriculum
C. Actual curriculum
D. Hidden curriculum
ANSWER: A
81. If it was in the actual curriculum, then it is in the received curriculum. Select one.
A. False
B. True
ANSWER: True
82. The National council for curriculum and Assessment has incorporate related to Greenhouse
economy and energy efficiency in the Standard-based curriculum. This shows that the new
curriculum is …..
A. Complex
B. Broad
C. The result of long-term efforts
D. Holistic
E. Continuously evolving
ANSWER: E
83. All the following are definitions of curriculum reflecting Means as used by Henson (2015),
except…… select one
A. A course of learning in a school
B. Experience set up by the school
C. Planned activities for instruction
D. Experiences Children have under a teacher
ANSWER: D
84. The implementation of double track system in second cycle schools has occasioned some
changes to schools’ timetables and academic calendars. This happening is an example of
…………
A. Teachers determining the curriculum
B. Learners determining the curriculum
C. Government policy determining the curriculum
D. Societal considerations determining the curriculum
ANSWER: C
85. There are knowledge gaps in the content. These gaps constitutes
A. Absent curriculum
B. Extra curriculum
C. Covert curriculum
D. Overt curriculum
ANSWER: A
86. All the following are other names of official curriculum except……………
A. Covert curriculum
B. Explicit
C. Intended
D. Recommended
ANSWER: A
87. International best practice is to have curriculum reviewed every five years. Which feature of
curriculum is demonstrated by this standard?
A. It is designed for a particular group of people
B. It is an institutional phenomenon
C. It continuously evolves
D. It is supported by society
ANSWER: C
88. What type of education is provided when teachers attend workshop and seminars?
A. Formal education
B. Non-formal education
C. Pre-formal education
D. Informal education
ANSWER: B
89. What the learner has experienced and can exhibit is the ………………
A. Learned curriculum
B. Assessed curriculum
 C. Actual curriculum
D. Co- curriculum
ANSWER: C
90. In Henson’s (2015) three levels of categorizing curriculum definitions. He used courses
synonymously with ……………
A. Process
B. Content
C. Experience
D. Ends
ANSWER: B
91. A circuit supervisor finds a teacher teaching content meant for Basic six in a JHS two class.
In curriculum typology what the supervisor witnessed is …………..
A. Hidden Curriculum
B. Formal Curriculum
C. Unwritten Curriculum
D. Actual Curriculum
ANSWER: D
92. A common characteristic of non-formal education is that it is ………..
A. rigidly structured
B. Informed by the philosophy of the society
C. Organized for everyone in a given society
D. Organized for a homogeneous group
ANSWER: D
93. The more inadequate resources are in the school, the less the difference between the intended
curriculum and the curriculum in-use.
A. False
B. True
ANSWER: False
94. Whenever Mr. Nti gets to the class and it is dirty. He asks all the female students in the class
to sweep. The male students, therefore grew up to appreciate the sweeping is a female enterprise.
What type of curriculum occasioned this form of learning?
A. Hidden Curriculum
B. Official Curriculum
C. Informal Curriculum
D. Actual Curriculum
ANSWER: A
95. The part of the official curriculum that the teacher teaches is absolutely the actual
curriculum.
A. False
B. True
ANSWER: True
96. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of the hidden curriculum?
A. It takes place both inside and outside the classroom
B. Learning is teacher-centered and not student-centered
C. Learning is done unconsciously
D. Learning includes positive message
E. Learning includes negative message
ANSWER: B
97. Henson (2015) categorized definitions of curriculum into three………..
A. Meaningless categorisations
B. Abstract groups
C. Perfect categories
D. Thematic groups
ANSWER: D
98. One major demerit of perceiving the curriculum in a narrow sense is that it ……….
A. Allow curriculum to be thought of in a concrete and definite way.
B. Would make the curriculum simple to assess.
C. Makes teachers teach along the pattern of examination questions.
D. Is flexible.
ANSWER: C
99. Mrs. Opoku taught her students about the three main religions in Ghana. She never gave the
students the opportunity to learn about the other minor religions in Ghana. What type of
curriculum has been portrayed in this scenario?
A. Hidden Curriculum
B. Informal Curriculum
C. Taught Curriculum
D. Absent Curriculum
E. Non-formal Curriculum
ANSWER: D
100. All the following curricula refers to the same thing, except ………….
A. Curriculum in-use
B. Operational Curriculum
 C. Thought Curriculum
D. Actual Curriculum
ANSWER: D
101. In most all boys schools in Ghana, first year students often shave their hair like that of the
final years. This behavior of the first years typifies ………. Select one.
A. Formal Curriculum
B. Official Curriculum
C. Experience curriculum
D. Co-curriculum
E. Hidden curriculum
ANSWER: E
102. The National Council for curriculum and Assessment has incorporated topics related to
Greenhouse economy and energy efficiency in the standard-based Curriculum. This shows that
new curriculum is…. Select one.
A. The result of long-term efforts
B. Holistic
C. Broad
D. Continuously evolving
E. Complex
ANSWER: D
103. All the following are ways by which Henson (2015) categorized the definitions of
curriculum, except .. Select One.
A. Means versus End definition
B. Programme verses product definitions
C. Content versus Experience definitions
D. Process versus Plan definitions
ANSWER: B
104. All the lessons one goes through in life before death is classified as ……… select one.
A. Pre-formal education
B. informal education
C. non-formal education
D. Formal education
ANSWER: B
105. Which one of the following is not a feature of the official curriculum? It…………select
one.
A. entails what is to be taught and learnt
 B. planned and structured
C. has deliberately unwritten content
D. is public
ANSWER: D
106. When the official curriculum is inversely implemented continuously, then the …. Select
one.
A. actual curriculum and the official curriculum align
B. Support curriculum is adequate and effective
C. explicit curriculum is the received curriculum shrinks
D. null curriculum diminishes
ANSWER: A
107. According to Caswell and Campbell (1935), curriculum is composed of all the experiences
children have under the guidance of the teacher, This description of the curriculum is … Select
one.
A. Subway
B. Midway
C. Narrow
D. Broad
ANSWER: B
108. One of the following is less likely to make the intended curriculum to be implemented
differently. Select one.
A. The presence of a seasoned professional teacher
B. Loss of contact hours
C. Irrelevant previous knowledge of learners
D. Inadequate resources
ANSWER: B
109. In the security service there is a mantra; “do before complain”. If a teacher uses this mantra
in the classroom, the service he will be providing cannot count as education (going by RS Peters’
criteria) because. Select one.
A. Knowledge transmission is involved but there is no understanding
B. Learners do not willingly submit to learning
C. Learners will not commit to what is taught
D. What is transmitted is not worthwhile
ANSWER: B
110. International best practice is to have curriculum reviewed every five years. Which feature of
curriculum is demonstrated by this standard? Select one.
 A. it is an institutional phenomenon
B. It is supported by society
C. It is designed for a particular group of people
D. It continuously evolves
ANSWER: D
111. Which of these types of curriculum usually targets the emotional domain of learning? Select
one.
A. Curriculum in use
B. Support curriculum
C. Co-curriculum
D. Official Curriculum
ANSWER: C
112. According to Ragan (1960), “curriculum is all experiences of the child for which the school
accepts responsibility”, how can we classify this definition using Tamakloes categorisations?
Select one.
A. Narrow
B. Midway
C. Subway
D. Broad
ANSWER: B
113. The official curriculum of a particular level of education in a country includes all the
following except the ;….. Select one.
A. Syllabi for that level of education
B. Public holidays on the National Calendar of the country
C. Philosophies of education of that level of education
D. Educational aims of the level of education
ANSWER: B
114. Which of the following is in accordance with Henson’s (2015) three levels of categorizing
curriculum definitions? Select one.
A. Plan versus Courses
B. Ends Versus Process
C. Experiences versus Content
D. Experiences versus Means
ANSWER: C
115. In the classroom context, learning that is occasioned by the interaction between teachers and
students, and among students is known as select one…………
 A. Experienced curriculum
B. Official Curriculum
C. Operational Curriculum
D. Co-curriculum
ANSWER: D
116. The part of the official curriculum that the teacher teaches is absolutely the actual
curriculum, Select one.
A. True
B. False
ANSWER: True
117. All the following curricula refers to the same thing, except ……. Select one.
A. Operational curriculum
B. actual curriculum
C. Curriculum in-use
D. thought curriculum
ANSWER: B
118. In curriculum terminology, teacher’s use of recommended textbooks to support teaching
and learning is known as Select one.
A. Official curriculum
B. Null curriculum
C. Hidden Curriculum
D. Informal curriculum
ANSWER: A
119. One of the following type of education utilizes age classifications. Select One
A. Non-formal education
B. Semi-formal education
C. Formal education
D. Informal education
ANSWER: C
120. What the learner has experienced and can exhibit is the ……………….. Select one.
A. Assessed curriculum
B. Co-curriculum
C. Actual curriculum
D. Learned curriculum
ANSWER: C
121. The standards-based curriculum is an example of Select one.
 A. Co-curriculum
B. Actual curriculum
C. Official curriculum
D. Hidden curriculum
ANSWER: C
122. Which of the following is in accordance with Henson’s (2015) three levels of categorizing
curriculum definitions? Select one
A. Experience versus Content
B. Plan versus Courses
C. Experiences versus Means
D. Ends versus Process
ANSWER: A
123. In curriculum development process, the exclusion of certain content areas such as
knowledge, skills and values can be referred to as, select one
A. Hidden Curriculum
B. Overt Curriculum
C. Core Curriculum
D. Null Curriculum
ANSWER: D
124. All the following are definitions of curriculum reflecting Means as used by Henson (2015),
except ….. Select one;
A. Experiences children have under a teacher
B. A courses of learning in a school
C. Planned activities for instruction
D. Experiences set up by the school
ANSWER: B
125. “Curriculum is the experiences children have under the teacher in a school” This definition
reflects all the following categories of curriculum definition, except the ….. select one.
A. Midway definitions
B. Broad definitions
C. Process definitions
D. Ends definitions
ANSWER: D
126. Which of the following has the largest number of beneficiaries? Select one.
A. Non-formal education
B. Semi-formal education
 C. Formal education
D. Informal education
ANSWER: D
127. Curriculum is such ‘permanent’ subjects as grammar, reading, logic, rhetoric, mathematics,
and the greatest books of the Western world that best embody essential knowledge. In
Tamakloe’s typology, what type of definition does this fit? Select one.
A. Semi-Broad
B. Midway
C. Broad
D. Narrow
ANSWER: D
128.Which of the below curriculum terminology best represents the unintentionally acquired
skills and attitudes emanating from the administrative setup of the university of Education,
Winneba? Select One.
A. Hidden curriculum
B. Null curriculum
C. Actual curriculum
D. Official curriculum
ANSWER: A
129. Education involves the transmission of what is worthwhile from one generation to another.
What is worthwhile as used here includes all the following EXCEPT select one.
A. Knowledge
B. Skills
C. Co-education
D. Value
ANSWER: C
130. This type of education does not lead to a formal certification it is purposely organized to
serve the need or an identified group. This definition best describes which of the following types
of education? Select one.
A. Semi-Formal Education
B. Formal Education
C. Informal Education
D. Non-Formal Education
ANSWER: D
131. A lot of students love Instagram because they learn about fashion trends. Through
celebraties posting pictures, they learn about new colour combinations, dress styles and new
fashion statements. What type of education is being provided in this instance? Select one?
A. Semi-formal education
B. Formal education
C. Non-formal education
D. Informal education
ANSWER: D
132. As a student of curriculum what in your estimation best describes curriculum definitions
that excludes some salient educational programs in the school? Select one.
A. Narrow definitions
B. Midway definitions
C. Broad definitions
D. Actual definitions
ANSWER: A
133. All the following are other names of official curriculum, except …… select one.
A. Covert curriculum
B. Explicit
C. Recommended
D. Intended
ANSWER: A
134. The word education originated from a …………. Word. Select one.
A. Greek
B. French
C. Latin
D. Larteh
ANSWER: C

135. Tyler (1949) suggests four groups of learning experiences. Which of the following is not
one of those? Select one
A. Those that develop skills in thinking.
B. Those that are helpful in developing retentive memory
C. Those that are helpful in developing interests.
D. Those that are helpful in acquiring information
ANSWER: B
136. In designing the school curriculum, Mr. Kofi Kwakye downplayed the importance of
selecting content. Which of the following authors influenced the thought of Mr. Kwakye? Select
one.
A. Taba
B. Walker
C. Wheeler
D. Tyler
ANSWER: D
137. In the cyclical models of curriculum development, the various stages are seen as .. select
one.
A. One way process of establishing educational objectives
B. Simple and Mechanistic
C. Independent of each other
D. Interrelated and interdependent
ANSWER: D
138. According to wheeler, the target of subjects such as social studies and Mathematics can be
classified as select one.
A. Specific objectives
B. Proximate Goal
C. Mediate Goal
D. Ultimate Goal
ANSWER: B
139. At the preamble of a music curriculum, it is stated “learners would be able to sing a patriotic
song” This is a/an ………… select one.
A. Objective
B. Philosophy
C. Learning Activity
D. Goal
E. Aim
ANSWER: D
140. When the state empowers individual school to decide what to teach and how to teach, which
of the following models of curriculum development can best be adapted by the teachers? Select
one.
A. Walker’s (1971) Naturalistic model
B. Taba’s Grassroot (1962) model
C. Tyler’s (1948) Linear model
 D. Wheeler’s (1967) Process Model
ANSWER: B
141. In a linear model of curriculum development, evaluation is usually presented at the final
step. This means that …………….. select one.
A. there is a connection between evaluation and the statement of purpose
B. evaluation is not as important as the other steps
C. the outcome of the evaluation would determine the selection of the next topic
D. evaluation is the final point which shows an end in curriculum development.
ANSWER: D
142. The goals set by educational institutions in wheeler’s typology are known as ……. Select
one.
A. Ultimate
B. Proximate
C. Mediate
D. Mission
E. Specific
ANSWER: C
143. During the curriculum designing processes, what in your estimation represents the
knowledge, skills, and principle passed on from one generation to the other represented as
subjects?
A. Learning experiences
B. Content
C. Statement of purpose
D. Evaluation
ANSWER: B
144. Which one of the following people organized and integrated content and learning
experiences together in the design of the school curriculum?
A. Tyler
B. Wheeler
C. Taba
D. Nicol
ANSWER: B
145. Basic components of the curriculum includes the following except select one.
A. the state of educational purpose
B. the subject matter to be implemented
C. teacher-learner experiences
 D. the entry behavior of students
ANSWER: D
146. All of the below are deemed as experiences that should be promoted by educators based on
the Tyler model EXCEPT; select one
A. Experiences that promotes developing interest in learning
B. Experiences that promotes cultural awareness
C. Experiences that promotes acquisition of information
D. Experiences that promotes skills in thinking
ANSWER: B
147. In curriculum development discourse, the “how” of curriculum refers to …… select one
A. Profile Dimension
B. Purpose
C. Teaching Activities
D. Content
E. Learning experience
ANSWER: E
148. All the following also refers to walker’s model of curriculum development except …. Select
one
A. Communicative model
B. Objectives model
C. Deliberative model
D. Descriptive model
ANSWER: B
159. To walker (1971), the stage of curriculum development where participants move away from
belief to critically weighing alternative courses of action against resources available, ends or
objectives in view is called the ………select one
A. platform
B. design stage
C. evaluation stage
D. deliberations stage
ANSWER: D
150. The uniqueness of Wheeler’s model of curriculum development is that …. Select one
A. each of the elements is presented as discreet
B. the cyclical process suggests that curriculum development is continuous in nature
C. it presents curriculum planning in a linear form, hence very simple to adopt
D. it makes it difficult to adopt the model
 ANSWER: B
151. Which of these models of curriculum development suggests that curriculum planners
undertake a diagnoses before developing objectives? Select one.
A. Wheeler’s model
B. Taba’s model
C. Tyler’s model
D. Gagne’s model
ANSWER: B
152. Which of the following BEST explains the difference between aims and objectives? Select
one.
A. Objectives are formulated for evaluation of content but aims are not
B. Aim are broader and objectives are more measurable
C. Objectives are broader and Aims are more measurable
D. Aim are formulated by teachers and objectives are formulated nationally
ANSWER: B
153. The expert who proposed a model for curriculum development based on four fundamental
questions is Select one.
A. Hilda Taba
B. Ralph Tyler
C. Daryl Kenneth wheeler
D. Decker Walker
ANSWER: B
154. All the following includes Tyler’s (1949) sources of educational purposes except the, select
one.
A. School
B. Learner
C. Society
D. Subject specialist
ANSWER: A
155. In selecting learning experience, Tyler (1949) advocates for all the following
except………………. Select one:
A. Those that help in acquiring information
B. Those that help in developing Social attitudes
C. Those that develop thinking skills
D. Those that develop interesting character
ANSWER: A
156. One of the following is NOT a component of Walker’s model of curriculum
development. Select one:
A. Evaluation
B. Curriculum design
C. Platform
D. Deliberations
ANSWER: A
157. The question “how can we determine whether these purpose are being attained” relates to
what in Tyler’s (1949) model? Select One:
A. Evaluation
B. Dimension
C. Organization of Experience
D. Content
E. Learning Experience
ANSWER: E
158. To prepare students to live responsible lives’. This statement describes an
educational Select one :
A. Aim
B. Objective
C. Content
D. Goal
ANSWER: D
159. In curriculum theorizing, the “ why ” of curriculum is referred to as ………..Select one:
A. Content
B. Evaluation
C. Profile Dimension
D. Methodology
E. Purpose
ANSWER: E
160. A comprehensive educational agenda will have goals for the three domains of learning.
These are: Select one:
A. Cogtive, Affective, Psychomotor
B. Psychomotor, effective and Cognitive
C. Cognitive, Psychomotor and Affective
D. Affective, Cognitive, sychomotor
 ANSWER: C
161. As one familiar with curriculum development processes, experiences that affects the
thinking capacities of learners can best be described as what? Select One:
A. Psychomotor domain
B. Affective domain
C. Cognitive domain
D. Emotional domain
ANSWER: C
162. Which one of the following models of curriculum development begins with a more
subjective perceptions or views? Select One:
A. Walker’s model
B. Taba’s model
C. Wheeler’s model
D. Tyler’s model
ANSWER: B
163. Which of the below in your estimation most appropriately distinguishes Tyler’s model of
curriculum development from that of Taba?
A. The manner in which experiences are organized
B. Diagnosis of Needs as presented in Taba’s model
C. The fusion of content and experiences in Tyler’s model
D. The lack of evaluation in Tyler’s model
ANSWER: B
164. Children learn more through observation and imitation. This statement has greater
implications for …………..Select one:
A. Learning Experience
B. Evaluation
C. Content
D. Statement of Purpose
ANSWER: A
165. In organizing the activities of Fankyiniko M/A Basic School, Teacher Out ensured that the
experiences reoccur in the students’ academic lives at different levels. Which of the following
criteria has he satisfied? Select one:
A. Integration
B. Sequence
C. Continuity
D. Significance
 ANSWER: C
166. Teacher Otu asked his students to describe their parents in three words after the lesson.
What type of objective are the students required to demonstrate? Select one.
A. Affective
B. Sensorimotor
C. Psychomotor
D. Intellectual
ANSWER: D
167. One difference between Tyler’s and Taba model of curriculum development is: Select one
A. Tyler advocates situational analysis but Taba does not
B. Tyler placed more emphasis on content than Taba
C. Taba’s model has more steps than Tyler’s
D. Taba is a pioneer in the field of curriculum development
ANSWER: C
168. Teacher Kofi decided to organize his learning experiences according to the criteria proposed
by Tyler. Which of the following should he leave out?
Select one:
A. Sequence
B. Continuity
C. Significance
D. Integration

ANSWER: C
169. The goals of institutions such as University of Education and University of Cape Coast are
referred to as …………….Select one:
A. Mediate Goal
B. Proximate Goal
C. Ultimate Goal
D. Specific Objectives

ANSWER: A
170. According to Taba’s (1962) Grassroot Model, the preliminary phase in the development of
an educational curriculum is Select one:
A. Selection and Organization of content
B. Evaluation of learning experiences
C. Diagnosis of needs
 D. Formulation of objectives

ANSWER: C
171. Both Taba and Tyler’s models have been described as…………… models Select one:
A. Divergent
B. Cyclical
C. Inter – relational
D. Linear
ANSWER: D

172. One significant improvement that Taba’s model sought to make over Tyler’s earlier model
is: Select one:
A. Organizing learning experience before content.
B. Selecting content and learning experiences separately
C. Expanding the duration for development of curriculum
D. Selecting learning experience before content
ANSWER: B
173. Students learn more through observation and imitation. This statement has greater
implications for………….Select one :
A. Statement of purpose
B. Organization of content
C. Selection of content
D. Organization of purpose
ANSWER: D

174. As one familiar with Tyler’s model of curriculum development, which one of the following
in your estimation is NOT as source recommended by Tyler in the selection of curriculum
objectives? Select one:
A. Learner
B. Subject matter specialist
C. Government
D. Society
ANSWER: C
175. Which one of the following people organized and integrated content and learning
experiences together in the design of the school curriculum?
Select one:
 A. Nicol
B. Wheeler
C. Taba
D. Tyler
ANSWER: B
176. Students learn more through observation and imitation. This statement has greater
implications for ……………..Select one:
A. Organization of purpose
B. Selection of learning Experience
C. Statement of purpose
D. Selection of content
E. Organization of content
ANSWER: B
177. According to Wheeler, the target of students such as Social Studies and Mathematics can be
classified as…………..Select one
A. Specific Objectives
B. Proximate Goal
C. Mediate Goal
D. Ultimate Goal

ANSWER: B

178. Which one of the following people organized and integrated content and learning
experiences together in the design of the school curriculum?
Select one:
A. Nicol
B. Wheeler
C. Taba
D. Tyler
ANSWER: B

179. Students learn more through observation and imitation. This statement has greater
implications for…………..Select one:
A. Organization of purpose
B. Selection of learning experience
C. Statement of Purpose
 D. Selection of content
E. Organization of content
ANSWER: B
180. In which of the following stages of curriculum development does brainstorming occur
according to Walker’s Model? Select one:
A. Deliberations
B. Platform
C. Evaluation
D. Curriculum design
ANSWER: A
181. At the preamble of a music curriculum, it is stated “learners would be able to sing a patriotic
song” . This is a /an………….Select one:
A. Aim
B. Objective
C. Learning Activity
D. Goal
ANSWER: D
182. The goals set by educational institutions in Wheeler’s typology are known
as…………….Select one:
A. Proximate
B. Mediate
C. Mission
D. Ultimate
E. Specific

ANSWER: B

183. One different between Tyler’s and Taba’s, model of curriculum development is ………..
Select one:
A. Taba is a pioneer in the field of curriculum development
B. Taba’s model has more steps than Tyler’s model
C. Tyler advocates situational analysis but Taba does not
D. Tyler placed more emphasis on content than Taba.
ANSWER: B
184. Taba’s (1962) Grassroot Model, of curriculum design proposes situational analysis as
…………..Select one:
A. Evaluation of learning experiences
B. Selection and organization of content
C. The preliminary phase in curriculum development
D. Integration of content and learning experiences

ANSWER: C
185. In curriculum, purposes stated for…… within an educational system are called……
A. Objectives
B. Goals
C. Aims
D. Purposes
ANSWER: B

186. Which of these determinants of curriculum should a society consider if she wants to use the
curriculum to achieve social and political strategy?
A. Cross cultural factors
B. Teachers
C. Societal considerations
D. Existing curriculum
ANSWER: B
187. Which of these factors will enhance the preservation of the way of life in a society when
developing the curriculum?
A. Culture of the people
B. Number of subject options available
C. Resources available
D. Evaluation systems
ANSWER: A

189. A syllabus plays all these significant roles EXCEPT…….

A. Breaking related topics in a subject area into teachable units
B. Translating the philosophy of the curriculum
C. Making the aims of the curriculum achievable in class
D. Prescribing policies that facilitate curriculum implementation
 ANSWER: D
190. The content learners must be exposed to un schools is derived from……
A. Aims and goals
B. Evaluation
C. Theories and concepts
D. Teaching methods
ANSWER: A

191. All of these may be elements that learners interact within class to enable them understand
content except……...
A. Passages
B. Textbooks
C. Posters on walls
D. Teacher
ANSWER: A
192. Government’s policies influence curriculum achievement in all the following ways
except…….
A. Providing teaching / learning resources
B. Sequential arrangement of contents
C. Creating access to education
D. Hiring of personnel
ANSWER: B
193. Some curriculum definitions are considered based because they….
A. Include the co-curriculum and the integrated curriculum
B. Includes the co-curriculum and positive aspects of the hidden curriculum
C. Includes educative and noneducative elements
D. Includes the negative aspects of the hidden curriculum
ANSWER: C

194. Philosophy of education helps to provide answers to all these questions except….
A. What should learners be taught?
B. How should learners be taught?
C. Where should the school be located?
D. What learning environment should be provided for learners
ANSWER: C
195. The interaction between the learner and the conditions in his external environment to which
he can react to is referred to as……….
A. Learning experiences
B. Emotional experiences
C. Cognitive experiences
D. Physical experiences
ANSWER: A
196. Which of these empowers all the other agents of education?
A. Media
B. School
C. Family
D. Religious bodies
ANSWER: B
197. Which of the determinant of the curriculum can influence the construction of a new one?
A. Existing curriculum
B. Political considerations
C. Cross cultural factors
D. Philosophy of education
ANSWER: A

198. One of these components provides learners with the required information to enable them
exhibit intended purposes.
A. Aims and goals
B. Evaluation
C. Content
D. Teaching methods
ANSWER: C

199. The curriculum is considered clientele-oriented because it is designed for a …….

a. Particular group of leaders
b. Certain category of teachers
c. Particular group of customers
d. Particular society
ANSWER: D

200. All of these may be stated in an official curriculum EXCEPT……

 A. Number subjects to be studied at various levels
B. Duration of various levels within educational system
C. Socio-economic background of learners
D. Educational philosophy
ANSWER: C

201. Saint Windfill International School in Kumasi agreed with the PTA to conduct spelling Bs
or debates on Friday after 12:00noon. These may form part of the ……… curriculum.
A. Official
B. Formal
C. Actual
D. Hidden
ANSWER: B

202. Which of these is the most worthwhile value parents’ visit to school will inculcate in
learners?
A. Tolerance
B. Obedience
C. Responsibility
D. Compassion
ANSWER: C

203. Which of these may be considered as Ghana’s social need for which provision can be made
in the curriculum?
A. Sanitation
B. Inadequate supply of essential goods
C. Poverty reduction
D. Intolerance of opinions
ANSWER: A

204. One of these may not be an element learners interact with in class to enable them
understand content.
A. Supplementary readers
B. Resource person
C. Other learners
D. Head teacher
 ANSWER: D

205. When curriculum developers formulate an educational philosophy, it helps to do all the
following except……
A. Define the role of resource persons
B. Identify inconsistencies in the school programme
C. Clarify societal values
D. Enhances collaboration among curricurists.
ANSWER: A

206. ‘What things must be known’ in the sabertooth curriculum were made up of……..
A. The way children played in the community
B. Some activities practiced in the community
C. Fish grabbing with bare hands
D. How the adult worked to survive?
ANSWER: B

207. The skills, values ad attitudes the culture of a school teachers learners forms part of the
…….. curriculum
A. Operational
B. Intended
C. Collateral
D. Informal
ANSWER: C

208. Statements of intended learning outcomes for subjects are referred to as……
A. Purposes
B. Aims
C. Goals
D. Objectives
ANSWER: C

209. This component of an educational programme is provided to enable learners understand

concepts?
A. Purposes
B. Learning experiences
 C. Subject matter
D. Evaluation
ANSWER: B
210. In curriculum construction purposes stated for levels within an educational system is
called…….
A. Ultimate aims
B. Mediate goals
C. Proximate goals
D. Specific objectives
ANSWER: B
211. Which of these ensures the preservation of the ways of life of a society when developing a
curriculum?
A. Subject matter
B. Learning experiences
C. Resources available
D. Evaluation
ANSWER: A

212. The subject matter learners must be exposed to in schools is derived from……..
A. Aims and goals
B. Evaluation
C. Theories and concepts
D. Teaching methods
ANSWER: A

213. The interaction between the learner and the conditions in his external environment to which
he can react to is referred to as………..
A. Learning materials
B. Emotional experiences
C. Learning activities
D. Learning experiences
ANSWER: D

214. Which of the determinants of the curriculum influence the construction of a new one?
A. Existing curriculum
B. Political consideration
 C. Cross cultural factors
D. Philosophy of education
ANSWER: A
215. The curriculum designed for a particular group of people. It is therefore considered……
A. Customer oriented
B. Clientele oriented
C. People oriented
D. Cultural oriented
ANSWER: B
216. All of these may be stated in an official curriculum EXCEPT…..
A. Number of subjects to be studied at various levels
B. Duration of various levels within an educational system
C. Socio-economic background of learners
D. Educational philosophy
ANSWER: C
217. Saint Windhill International School agreed with the PTA to conduct debates on Fridays
after school hours. This may form part of the……….. curriculum
A. Official
B. Formal
C. Informal
D. Actual
ANSWER: B

218. Which of these may be considered as Ghana’s political interest or which provision can be
made for the curriculum?
A. Affordable goods
B. Sanitation
C. Poverty reduction
D. Tolerance of opinion
ANSWER: D
219. One of these may not be an element learners interact with in class to enable them
understand content.
A. Head master
B. Resource person
C. Other learners
D. Diagrams on walls
 ANSWER: A

220. When curriculum developers formulates an educational philosophy, it helps to do the

following except…….
A. Define the role of resource person
B. Identify inconsistencies in the school programme
C. Clarify societal values
D. Enhances collaboration among curricurists
ANSWER: A

221. ‘sequencing’ as a technique for organizing content allows…….

A. Concepts to be repeated with increasing difficulty
B. Concepts to be reiterated without increasing complexity
C. Some topics to be repeated across a number of subjects
D. Various disciplines to be fused into a composite whole
ANSWER: A

222. When objectives selected for a lesson are understood differently by different teachers,
which principle has been applied?
A. Balance
B. Feasibility
C. Validity
D. Precision
ANSWER: C

223. All these are purposes for evaluating an instructional programme EXCEPT……
A. Adopting the programme
B. Comparing programme
C. Diagnosing the programme
D. Revising aspects of the programmes
ANSWER: A

224. Within which category of curriculum definitions will you place this “the curriculum is all
that students experience in order to become useful citizens”……..
A. Broad
B. Midway
 C. Narrow
D. Wide
ANSWER: B

225. Philosophy of education helps to provide answers for all these questions except…..
A. How should learners be taught?
B. What should learners be taught?
C. What uniform should learners use?
D. What learning environment should be provided for learners?

ANSWER: C

226. When content selected is beneficial to the learner and to the society, now and in the future,
what principle has been applied?
A. Functionality
B. Validity
C. Utility
D. Significance
ANSWER: A

227. Wheeler refers to experiences used to develop the affective domain as….. experiences
A. Affective
B. Cognitive
C. Emotional
D. effective
ANSWER: C

228. When people in a community get access to what legitimately, what condition has been
provided?
A. Safety
B. Satisfaction
C. Sufficiency
D. Stimulus
ANSWER: C

229. Which of the components of the curriculum provides evidence for curriculum reviews?
 A. Learning experience
B. Evaluation
C. Purpose
D. Subject matter
ANSWER: B

230. Which of these empowers all the other agents of curriculum?

A. Family
B. Media
C. School
D. Religious bodies
ANSWER: C

231. Purposes stated for various subjects as found in the syllabus are called………………….
A. Mediate goals
B. Proximate goals
C. Specific goals
D. Ultimate goals
ANSWER: B

232. One of the reasons why the JSS/SSS concept was introduced in 1987 was that…………..
A. Duration for pre-tertiary education was too long
B. Government was spending too much on pre-tertiary education
C. Most teachers were not qualified to teach.
D. Parents spent too much on pre-tertiary education

ANSWER: A

233. Which of the determinants of curriculum can be used as a tool for achieving social stability?
A. Cross cultural factors
B. Existing curriculum
C. Political consideration
D. Philosophy of education
ANSWER: A
234. The interaction between the learner and the conditions in his external environment to which
he can react to is referred to as …………..
A. Cognitive experience
B. Learning experience
C. Teaching learning experience
D. Physical experience
ANSWER: B

235. When people in a community get enough access to basic necessities of life to make them
comfortable, what condition has been provided?
A. Safety
B. Satisfaction
C. Sufficiency
D. Stimulus
ANSWER: C

236. Which of the components of the curriculum serves as oasis for determining its success or
failure?
A. Learning experience
B. Evaluation
C. Purpose
D. Subject matter
ANSWER: B

237. Which of these tools helps to operationalize the curriculum?

A. Teaching method
B. Scheme of work
C. Syllabus of work
D. Lesson notes
ANSWER: C

238. During lesson, Mr. Darko, the English teacher, provides experiences to enable learners
demonstrate all outcomes intended. What principle does he apply?
A. Comprehensiveness
B. Variety
C. Validity
 D. learnability
ANSWER: B

239. The negative values and attitudes learners acquire in school through socialization are
considered ……………elements.
A. Non-educative
B. Mis-educative
C. Negative
D. Unless
ANSWER: B

240. Which determinant of the curriculum helps to identify inconsistences in the curriculum that
are compatible with people and their relationship with the environment?
A. Cross cultural factors
B. Government policies
C. Psychology of learning
D. Philosophy of learning
ANSWER: B

241. Who are the final implementers of an education program?

A. Learners
B. Teachers
C. Curriculum developers
D. Government
ANSWER: A

242. Which pattern of curriculum organization allows various aspects of disciplines to be

selected and put together in order to enhance learners understanding?
A. Subject matter curriculum
B. Activity curriculum
C. Core curriculum
D. Integrated curriculum

ANSWER: C

243. Which of these is not a strength of the discipline centered curriculum?

 A. It promote an in-depth study of a discipline
B. The cultural heritage of the society is preserved
C. It broadens the horizon of both teachers and learners
D. It is easier to construct
ANSWER: C

244. Which of these does NOT form part of a subject matter?

A. Interactive techniques
B. Theories
C. Values
D. Principles
ANSWER: A

245. Governments all over the world influence the curriculum through administrative policies,
curriculum experts and ……………………………
A. Panel discussions
B. Curriculum reports
C. Parliamentary debates
D. Legislative acts
ANSWER: D

246. Psychology of learning influence curriculum design by facilitating the…………………..

A. Funding education
B. Hiring of personnel
C. Sequential arrangements of content
D. Determination of aims of education
ANSWER: C

247. In curriculum construction mediate goals are stated for

A. The nation
B. An institution
C. A lesson
ANSWER: B

248. Tyler’s model is considered linear because ……………...

A. It begins with objectives and end with evaluation
 B. Learning experiences are derived from objectives
C. Objectives from the basis for evaluating the curriculum
D. Learning experience are organized.

ANSWER: A

249. In selecting content for his students, Mr. Ofosu ensure that what he selected was authentic
and could help learners demonstrate expected. Outcomes. What criterion influenced his choice of
content?
A. Validity
B. Significance
C. Learnability
D. Utility
ANSWER: A

250. All these are strength of an integrated curriculum except…………………………….

A. It reinforces learners understanding of concepts
B. It eliminates repetition of concepts
C. It preserves society’s cultural heritage
D. It is easier organizing the curriculum in this manner

ANSWER: D

251. What things must be known in the sabertooth curriculum were made up of…….
A. The way children played in the community
B. How the adult worked to survive?
C. Fish grabbing with bare hands
D. Same activities practiced in the community
ANSWER: D

252. This is not one of the first subjects designed for the sabertooth curriculum.
A. Digging bear
B. Fish grabbing with bare hands
C. Tiger scaring with fire

ANSWER: A
253. The skills, names and attitudes learners acquire as a result of the way a school is planned
forms part of the……. curriculum.
A. Operational
B. Intended
C. Collateral
D. Informal
ANSWER: C

254. Statements of intentions of policy makers for an educational system are referred to
as………
A. Purposes
B. Aims
C. Goals
D. Objectives
ANSWER: A

255. What teachers are expected to teach and learners expected to learn from part of the …….
Curriculum.
A. Actual
B. Co-curriculum
C. Formal
D. Official

ANSWER: D

256. Which of these is an appropriate description for the curriculum?

A. It is a planned programme of activities a school exposes learners to
B. It is the planned series of activities stated in the syllabus
C. It is the subjects learners learn in school
D. It is all that students experience in order to be useful citizens

ANSWER: A

257. The various psychologies of learning influence curriculum making by facilitating the
A. Formulation of educational purposes
 B. Selection of content
C. Selection of teaching techniques
D. Sequential organization of learning experiences

ANSWER: B

258. This component of an educational programme provides data for curriculum reviews?
A. Purposes
B. Learning experiences
C. Subject matter
D. Evaluation

ANSWER: D

259. Within which category of curriculum definition will you place this; ‘the curriculum is the
series of courses students are taken through in an educational institution’
A. Broad
B. Midway
C. Narrow
D. Wide
ANSWER: C

260.“At the end of the lesson, students will be able to write letters of the alphabet following
the directions provided in their writing book”. What type of objective is this?
A. Cognitive Objective
B. Emotional Objective
C. Psychomotor Objective
D. Intelectual Objective
ANSWER: C
261.Although Ghana has high rate of Access to electricity, dumsor (Power Outage) is very
rampant. Which of the following statements best describes this condition?
A. Ghana has achieved both quantitative and qualitative development in the area
of electricity.
B. Ghana has achieved quantitative development in the area of electricity.
C. Ghana has achieved qualitative development in the area of electricity.
D. Ghana has achieved no development in the area of electricity.
 ANSWER: B

262.With the launch of the National Identity Card, Ghanaians will eventually have a single
form of ID for multiple functions. This act of instituting this system is a ……………..
A. Developmental Change
B. Transitional Change
C. Transformative Change
D. Transformational Change
ANSWER: B

263.The New Basic School curriculum has introduced a subject called “ Our World Our
people”, which is an amalgamation of themes from different subjects areas. This pattern
of curriculum organization may be referred to as
A. Subject Centered Curriculum
B. Broad Field Curriculum
C. Core Curriculum
D. Activity Centered Curriculum
ANSWER: B

264.While it is rarely possible for a formative evaluation to be conducted at the end of a

lesson, what other characteristic will guarantee that such an evaluation is formative.
A. Results will be used to grade students
B. Results will improve teaching and learning
C. Students will not be timed in this evaluation
D. Teachers will be friendly during invigilation

ANSWER: A
Instruction: Use the narrative below to answer questions 6 – 8
In a Social Studies lesson at Asikuma MA JHS, Madam Pomaa taught students about 16
regions in Ghana but she used a map that showed 10 regions. At Odoben MA JHS
however, Mr. Acheampong taught students that there are 10 regions in Ghana because he
was not aware of the new development in the political arena. Interestingly, both lessons
aimed at equipping students with knowledge about Ghana’s political administration.
265.Which criteria for selecting components of the curriculum has been violated by Mr.
Acheampong?
A. Validity of Learning experience
 B. Validity of Content
C. Validity of Purpose
D. Validity of Evaluation
ANSWER: B

266.Which of criteria for selecting components of the curriculum has been violated by Mr.
Madam Pomaa?
A. Validity of Evaluation
B. Validity of Purpose
C. Validity of Content
D. Validity of Learning experience

ANSWER: D

267. The purpose for which the two teachers taught about regions in
Ghana satisfies………..criteria for selecting objectives.
A. Personality Functionality
B. Social Functionality
C. Personal and Social Functionality
D. No Functionality

ANSWER: C

268. A syllabus is an overall plan of the learning process. It differs from curriculum because
I.A Curriculum prescribes what is to be taught
II. A Syllabus describes concepts to be taught
III. Syllabus can be designed by teachers
IV. Curriculum is bigger in scope
A. I,II, and IV only
B. All of the above
C. I,II and IV only
D. I,II,III only
ANSWER: C

269. To say curriculum is democratically conceived means:

A. It is a long and tedious process
 B. It needs a democratic environment to be implemented
C. It. requires a referendum to authenticate
D. It goes through a process, and involves a number of stakeholders

ANSWER: D

270. Covert Curriculum is another term for ………….

A. Official curriculum
B. Formal Curriculum
C. Hidden Curriculum
D. Co- curriculum
ANSWER: C

271. In Curriculum development discourse, “the how” of curriculum refers to…………….

A. purpose statement
B. content
C. Learning experience
D. evaluation
ANSWER: C

272. In selecting learning experience, Tyler advocates for all the following EXCEPT ……
A. Those that develop thinking skills
B. those that develop interesting character
C. Those that help in acquiring social attitudes
D. Those that help in acquiring information

ANSWER: D

273. Objectives is said to be socially functional when

A. it benefits the learner
B. it benefits learning
C. it benefits society
D. it benefits some persons in society

ANSWER: C
274. The Ministry of Education organized educational services for farmers to be equipped with
the modern and scientific methods of farming. What type of education did the farmers receive?
A. Syllabus
B. Curriculum
C. Informal Education
D. Adult Education

ANSWER: C

275. A document that outlines the topics and activities considered important for the considered
of learners on as particular course is known as…………………
A. Syllabus
B. Curriculum
C. Scheme of work
D. Lesson Plan
ANSWER: A

276. When curriculum is defined to include the experiences of learners, the definition is often
classified under…………..
A. Broadway
B. Midway
C. Narrow
D. Learning Experiences

ANSWER: B

277. The school time table is an example

A. Intended Curriculum
B. Hidden Curriculum
C. Taught Curriculum
D. Experience Curriculum

ANSWER: C

278. The behaviors, attitudes and knowledge the culture of the school unintentionally teaches
learners is referred to as …………
A. Absent Curriculum
B. Formal Curriculum
C. Co – Curriculum
D. Hidden Curriculum

ANSWER: D

279. Which one of the following types of education is not officially arranged and supervised by
Except ?
A. Adult Education
B. Formal Education
C. Informal Education
D. Non – formal Education

ANSWER: B

280. One way of equipping school dropouts with basic functional literacy, work ethics and
numeracy skills is through………….
A. Non- formal Education
B. Formal Education
C. Informal Education
D. Literacy Education

ANSWER: A

281. One of the following authors suggests that in stating objectives, curriculum developers
should avoid vagueness and rather be more specific.
A. Wheeler
B. Tyler
C. Taba
D. Walker

ANSWER: D

282. The Sixth step in Taba’s Linear Model deals with……………..

A. Selection of Content
B. Diagnosis
C. Organisation of Learning experiences
D. Evaluation

ANSWER: C

283. Those activities that occur in the classroom taking into consideration the materials, and
events in which students are engaged are known as…………
A. Co- Curriculum
B. Hidden Curriculum
C. Prescribed Curriculum
D. Operational Curriculum

ANSWER: A

284. The more narrow goals of an institution are reffered to as ………….

A. Proximate Goals
B. Ultimate Goals
C. Mediate Goals
D. Instructional

ANSWER: C

285. Which one of the following types of objectives is defined as decisions made prior to
instruction by teachers and students?
A. Mediate Goals
B. Proximate Goals
C. Course Goals
D. Specific Objectives

ANSWER: A

286. In order not to repeat the catastrophe of May 9, Mr. Nti decided to officiate a football match
between Hearts of Oak and Kumasi Asante Kotoko with the Video Assisted Referee (VAR).
What kind of change has occurred?
A. Cultural change
B. Religious Change
C. Social Change
D. Global Change

ANSWER: C

287. Improved access to basic services such as transportation, good housing and improved
communication facilities is an example of………….
A. Economic Development
B. Cultural Development
C. Social Development
D. Technological Development

ANSWER: C

288. All the following are examples of learning experiences except………..

A. The food sellers in the school
B. Textbooks supplied by the government
C. The Social milieu in the school
D. A teacher’s self- assessment of his teaching

ANSWER: A

289. A learning Experience is said to be comprehensive when………..

A. It enables learners from diverse
B. every Objective stated in the lesson plan has it corresponding learning experience.
C. It is appropriate to the general development level of the learner
D. One learning experience could be used to attain several objectives.
ANSWER: B
290. Why would users of the curriculum prefer a midway definition? This is because such
definitions
A. include mis-educative and non-educative elements
B. include all educational elements that are valuable
C. limit curriculum to classroom instruction
D. excludes other educational elements that are worthwhile
ANSWER: B
291.Henson (2015) categorised definitions of curriculum into three … :
A. Perfect categories
B. Thematic groups
C. Abstract groups
D. Meaningless categorisations
ANSWER: B

292. This definition reflects all the following categories of curriculum definition, except the… :
A. Broad definitions.
B. Ends definitions.
C. Process definitions.
D. Midway definitions.
ANSWER: A

293. Which among the answers provided are “general statements that provide direction to
educational actions” :
A. Aims
B. Goals
C. Objective
D. Visions
ANSWER : A

294. All the following are definitions of curriculum reflecting Means as used by Henson (2015),
except… :
A. A course of learning in a school.
B. Planned activities for instruction.
C. Experiences children have under a teacher.
D. Experiences set up by the school.
ANSWER: C

295. A group of students in UEW came together and agreed to learn how to drive e a car. They
sent a proposal to Decency Driving Institute inviting resource persons to come and teach them on
weekends. Which type of education will the students be receiving? :
A. Formal
 B. Informal
C. Non-formal
D. Tertiary
ANSWER: C

296. written curriculum is also called the ………. Curriculum :

A. Hidden
B. Real
C. Covert
D. Overt
ANSWER: D

297. All the following are ways by which Henson (2015) categorised the definitions of
curriculum, except… :
A. Process versus Plan definitions.
B. Means versus Ends definitions.
C. Courses versus Experiences definitions.
D. Content verses Experienced definitions.
ANSWER: D

298. The new basic education curriculum can facilitate economic change in Ghana through
which of the following? i. introduction of Arabic ii. Promoting honesty and integrity iii.
promoting the value of excellence Select one:
A. ii &iii only
B. i &iii only
C. all of the above
D. none of the above
ANSWER: C

299. Variety as a criterion for selecting learning experiences requires that ........ :
A. Different learners should be taken through different experiences
B. the experiences should facilitate the achievement of some objectives formulated
C. it should place equal emphasis on some areas of the curriculum
D. Learners should have different experiences to promote a particular outcome
ANSWER: D
300. In most all-boys schools in Ghana, first year students often shave their hair like that of the
final years. This behaviour of the first years typifies ...... :
A. Hidden curriculum
B. Formal curriculum
C. Co-curriculum
D. Experience curriculum
E. Official curriculum
ANSWER: A

301. An infrequent and discontinuous change in a society can be termed ..... :

A. Exogenous
B. Sporadic
C. Episodic
D. Continuous
E. Endogenous
ANSWER: C

302. one familiar with Tyler’s model of curriculum development, which one of the following in
your estimation is NOT as source recommended by Tyler in the selection of curriculum
objectives? :
A. Subject matter specialist
B. Learner
C. Society
D. government
ANSWER: B

303. The school curriculum can promote economic change in Ghana by focusing on all these
values EXCEPT :
A. Grit
B. equality
C. Collaboration
D. Honesty
ANSWER: B
304. Whenever Mr. Nti gets to the class and it is dirty, he asks all the female students in the class
to sweep. The male students, therefore, grew up to appreciate that sweeping is a female
enterprise. What type of curriculum occasioned this form of learning? :
A. Official Curriculum
B. Informal Curriculum
C. Hidden Curriculum
D. Actual Curriculum
ANSWER: C

305. An efficient curriculum provides for the sequence of subject matter. This means that .... :
A. it includes content on logic and sequence.
B. logic is the key subject matter.
C. it provides logical arrangement of content to make easier for learning.
D. timetable is structured to make English follow Social Studies.

ANSWER: C
306. Which of the below in your estimation most appropriately distinguishes Tyler’s model of
curriculum development from that of Taba? :
A. The lack of evaluation in Tyler’s model
B. The manner in which experiences are organized
C. Diagnosis of Needs as presented in Taba’s model
D. The fusion of content and experiences in Tyler’s model

ANSWER: C
307. school of thought that views content as present in the physical and social environment, and
can be learnt when students are placed within the right environment is :
A. Social-centred view
B. Learner-centred view
C. Subject-centred view
D. Experience view
ANSWER: B

308. Teacher Otu asked his students to describe how Ghana gained its independence after 1957.
What type of objective are the students required to demonstrate? :
A. Intellectual
B. Psychomotor
 C. Affective
D. Sensorimotor
ANSWER: A

309. Tyler’s (1949) sources of educational purposes includes all the following except the Select
one:
A. society
B. school
C. learner
D. teacher
ANSWER: B

310. Teacher Kofi decided to organize his learning experiences according the criteria proposed
by Tyler. Which of the following should he leave out? Select one:
A. Integration
B. Continuity
C. Significance
D. Sequence
ANSWER: C

311. In curriculum theorizing, the “what” of the curriculum refers to……………. :

A. Content
B. Purpose
C. Evaluation
D. Learning Experience
ANSWER: A

312. The Zimbabwean Government announced recently that schools will be allowed to decide
what to teach and how to teach. This is as a result of political unrest in the country. Which of the
following models of curriculum development can best be adapted by the teachers? :
A. Wheeler’s (1967) Process Model
B. Taba’s Grassroot (1962) Model
C. Walker’s (1971) Naturalistic Model
D. Tyler’s (1948) Linear Model

ANSWER: B
313. In curriculum development discourse, the “how” of curriculum refers to ....:
A. Content
B. Purpose
C. Teaching Activities
D. Learning Experience
E. Profile Dimension
ANSWER: D
314. In the Standards -Based curriculum, learning experiences are structured in a way that the
activities provided are connected to the activities the children will perform in real life. Which of
the criteria for selecting learning experiences facilitates this practice?
A. Comprehensiveness
B. Utility
C. Relevance
D. Variety
ANSWER: C

315. By significance criterion in content selection, curriculum designers mean that Select one:
A. Learners’ ability to use the knowledge acquired to solve problems in real life
situations.
B. The content selected should be related to broad field of knowledge within the
discipline.
C. The subject matter should be important to serve the needs of the wider society.
D. The subject matter should be authentic.
ANSWER: B

316. Interest criterion in content selection means that Select one:

A. Teaching and learning must be interactive.
B. Content must be tailored to suit the needs of the learner.
C. The content must serve societal need.
D. Teaching and learning must be fun.
ANSWER: B
317. Which of these models of curriculum development suggests that curriculum planners
undertake a diagnoses before developing objectives?: Select one:
A. Wheeler’s model
B. Taba’s model
C. Gagne’s model
 D. Tyler’s model
ANSWER: B
318. In curriculum theorizing, the “why” of curriculum is referred to as ..... Select one:
A. Profile Dimension
B. Content
C. Methodology
D. Evaluation
E. Purpose
ANSWER: E
319. Tyler (1949) suggests four groups of learning experiences. Which of the following is NOT
one of those?: Select one:
A. Those that develop skills in thinking.
B. Those that are helpful in developing interests.
C. Those that are helpful in acquiring information.
D. Those that are helpful in developing retentive memory.
ANSWER: D
320. “The content should not be overly difficult; otherwise it will discourage learners from
learning it. On the other hand, it should not be too easy; otherwise it will not challenge learners
to learn more”. Which criteria for selecting content best relates to the above statement? Select
one:
A. Utility
B. Validity
C. Learnability
D. Variety
ANSWER: C
321. The balance criterion in the selection of learning experiences ensures that Select one:
A. experiences provided are adequate and varied.
B. the learner is actively involved in the teaching/learning process.
C. the learning experiences provided serve the personal needs of the learner and the
society.
D. The learning experiences selected can be utilized to solve future needs of the learner.
ANSWER: D
322. The criterion for selecting learning experiences which focuses on the abilities and
capabilities of the learner is Select one:
A. Continuity
B. Comprehensiveness
 C. Suitability
D. Validity
ANSWER: C
323. Which of the statements best explains learnability criterion in content selection? The Select
one:
A. capability of the learner to learn the selected content.
B. ability of the learner to utilize the knowledge acquired.
C. relevance of the content to the society.
D. interest of the learner to learn the content.
ANSWER: A
324. The uniqueness of Wheeler’s model of curriculum development is that … Select one:
A. it makes it difficult to adopt the model
B. each of the elements is presented as discreet
C. the cyclical process suggests that curriculum development is continuous in nature
D. it presents curriculum planning in a linear form, hence very simple to adopt
ANSWER: C
325. The question “how can we determine whether these purposes are being attained” relates to
what in Tyler’s (1949) model? Select one:
A. Dimension
B. Oranisation of Experience
C. Evaluation
D. Content
E. Learning Experience
ANSWER: C
326. Taba’s model is described as a grassroot approach to curriculum development because ...
Select one:
A. She applies deductive approach
B. She recommends teachers’ use parks and gardens to facilitate learning
C. She recommends conducting diagnoses in the field
D. She applies inductive approach
ANSWER: C
327. Which of the following criteria for selecting learning experiences is most likely to cater for
different learning styles among learners? Select one:
A. Variety
B. Continuity
C. Utility
 D. Comprehensiveness
ANSWER: A
328. When students are unable to apply the content acquired in real life situations, which of the
criteria for content selection can be said to have been violated? Select one:
A. Learnability
B. Validity
C. Significance
D. Utility
ANSWER: D
329. As one familiar with Tyler’s model of curriculum design which of the below in your
estimation can best describe a defect of this model? Select one:
A. It is inductive
B. It is linear
C. It is very refined
D. It is very scientific
ANSWER: B
330. In curriculum design process, when experts consider factors such as; the ability of the
current teaching force to be well equipped to teach the knowledge, skills and attitudes in the
curriculum, one can say that experts are considering… Select one:
A. Validity criterion
B. Interest criterion
C. Feasibility criterion
D. Utility criterion
ANSWER: C
331. One difference between Tyler’s and Taba’s model of curriculum development is: Select
one:
A. Tyler advocates situational analysis but Taba does not.
B. Taba is a pioneer in the field of curriculum development.
C. Tyler placed more emphasis on content than Taba.
D. Taba’s model has more steps than Tyler’s model.
ANSWER: D
332. Tyler (1949) argues that learning experience is the interaction between the learner and the
external conditions to which he can react. This statement means that .... Select one:
A. Learning experience can only be provided outside of classrooms.
B. Learning experience involves learners and their environments and excludes teachers.
C. providing learning experience makes teachers redundant.
 D. Learning experience involves teaching strategies and contexts that facilitate learning.
ANSWER: D
333. Which of these models of curriculum development suggests that curriculum planners
undertake a diagnoses before developing objectives?: Select one:
A. Tyler’s model
B. Taba’s model
C. Gagne’s model
D. Wheeler’s model
ANSWER: B
334. Which of the criteria for selecting content is likely to serve the needs of both the learner and
society? Select one:
A. Significance
B. Validity
C. Relevance
D. Interest
ANSWER: C
335. One significant improvement that Taba’s model sought to make over Tyler’s earlier model
is: Select one:
A. expanding the duration for development of curriculum.
B. selecting learning experience before content.
C. organizing learning experience before content.
D. selecting content and learning experiences separately.
ANSWER: D
336. By significance criterion in content selection, curriculum designers mean that Select one:
A. The content selected should be related to broad field of knowledge within the
discipline.
B. Learners’ ability to use the knowledge acquired to solve problems in real life
situations.
C. The subject matter should be important to serve the needs of the wider society.
D. The subject matter should be authentic.
ANSWER: A
337. Basic components of the curriculum includes the following except Select one:
A. teacher-learner experiences
B. the entry behaviour of students
C. the subject matter to be implemented
D. the statement of educational purposes
 ANSWER: B
338. The ability of learning experience selected to bring about the desired change in the learner
is known as Select one:
A. Relevance in content selection
B. Evaluation of the learned material
C. Validity in the selection of learning experiences
D. Precision in selection of objectives
ANSWER: C
339. Learning experiences that provide opportunity for new learning to take place from within
the existing experience satisfies Select one:
A. Balance in selection of learning experiences.
B. Relevance in selection of learning experiences
C. Continuity in selection of learning experiences.
D. Suitability in selection of learning experiences.
ANSWER: C
340. The balance criterion in the selection of learning experiences ensures that Select one:
A. experiences provided are adequate and varied.
B. the learning experiences provided serve the personal needs of the learner and the
society.
C. the learner is actively involved in the teaching/learning process.
D. The learning experiences selected can be utilized to solve future needs of the learner.
ANSWER: B
341. According to Taba’s (1962) Grassroot Model, the preliminary phase in the development of
an educational curriculum is Select one:
A. formulation of objectives
B. diagnosis of needs
C. selection and organization of content
D. evaluation of learning experiences
ANSWER: B
342. Interest criterion in content selection means that Select one:
A. Teaching and learning must be fun.
B. Teaching and learning must be interactive.
C. The content must serve societal need.
D. Content must be tailored to suit the needs of the learner.
ANSWER: D
343. Which of these models of curriculum development suggests that curriculum planners
undertake a diagnoses before developing objectives?: Select one:
A. Gagne’s model
B. Wheeler’s model
C. Tyler’s model
D. Taba’s model
ANSWER: D
344. One difference between Tyler’s and Taba’s model of curriculum development is: Select
one:
A. Tyler placed more emphasis on content than Taba.
B. Tyler advocates situational analysis but Taba does not.
C. Taba’s model has more steps than Tyler’s model.
D. Taba is a pioneer in the field of curriculum development.
ANSWER: C
345. In selecting learning experiences, one of the factors to consider is comprehensiveness. This
means Select one:
A. experiences provided must target the cognitive, affective and psychomotor domains of
the learner.
B. the learner should be able to apply the learned experiences to solve current and future
problems.
C. learning experiences provided must serve individual needs of the learner.
D. teacher/learner activities must be broad to involve active participation.
ANSWER: A
346. The uniqueness of Wheeler’s model of curriculum development is that … Select one:
A. each of the elements is presented as discreet
B. the cyclical process suggests that curriculum development is continuous in nature
C. it presents curriculum planning in a linear form, hence very simple to adopt
D. it makes it difficult to adopt the model
ANSWER: B
347. Which of the statements best explains learnability criterion in content selection? The Select
one:
A. ability of the learner to utilize the knowledge acquired.
B. capability of the learner to learn the selected content.
C. interest of the learner to learn the content.
D. relevance of the content to the society.
ANSWER: B
348. Students learn more through observation and imitation. This statement has greater
implications for ...... Select one:
A. Selection of learning experience
B. Organization of content
C. Selection of content
D. Organization of purpose
E. Statement of purpose
ANSWER: A
349. A teacher selected and taught his class 3 pupils, the first 50 chemical elements. This
decision and action flouts the -------------------------- criterion. Select one:
A. Interest
B. Learnability
C. Validity
D. Utility
ANSWER: B
350. In the Standard-based curriculum, the expected behaviours that learners are to demonstrate
at the end of teaching and learning are known as .... Select one:
A. Enquiry routes
B. Indicators
C. Exemplars
D. Objectives
E. Performance Indicators
ANSWER: E
351. Variety as a criterion for selecting learning experiences requires that ........ Select one:
A. the experiences should facilitate the achievement of some objectives formulated
B. it should place equal emphasis on some areas of the curriculum
C. Different learners should be taken through different experiences
D. Learners should have different experiences to promote a particular outcome
ANSWER: D
352. When teaching mathematics, Mr. Obiri provides experiences that learners are familiar with.
Which criterion has he satisfied? Select one:
A. validity
B. functionality
C. relevance to life
D. suitability
ANSWER: C
353. The goals set by educational institutions in Wheeler's typology are known as ...... Select
one:
A. Mission
B. Mediate
C. Specific
D. Proximate
E. Ultimate
ANSWER: B
354. International best practice is to have curriculum reviewed every five years. Which feature of
curriculum is demonstrated by this standard? Select one:
A. It is an institutional phenomenon
B. it is designed for a particular group of people
C. It continuously evolves
D. it is supported by society
ANSWER: C
355. Curriculum is all planned learning for which the school is responsible. This definition of
the school curriculum is....... Select one:
A. Subway
B. Midway
C. Broad
D. Narrow
ANSWER: B
356. Which of the proponents of the models of curriculum development advocates for
situational analysis first before a curriculum is designed? Select one:
A. Wheeler
B. Tyler
C. Taba
D. Walker
ANSWER: C
357. The final examination for EDCR111 is an example of one of the following components of
the curriculum Select one:
A. Methodology
B. Statement of purpose
C. Content
D. Evaluation
ANSWER: D
358. One of these models sees curriculum development as continuously responding to the needs
of society. This is the, Select one:
A. Rationale model
B. Linear model
C. Cyclic model
D. Step-by-step model
ANSWER: C
359. Teacher Kofi decided to organize his learning experiences according the criteria proposed
by Tyler. Which of the following should he leave out? Select one:
A. Integration
B. Significance
C. Continuity
D. Sequence
ANSWER: B
360. The goals of institutions such as University of Education and University of Cape Coast are
referred to as …. Select one:
A. Proximate Goal
B. Mediate Goal
C. Ultimate Goal
D. Specific Objectives
ANSWER: B
361. Tyler’s (1949) sources of educational purposes includes all the following except the Select
one:
A. school
B. society
C. learner
D. teacher
ANSWER: A
362. In curriculum theorizing, the “what” of the curriculum refers to……………. Select one:
A. Content
B. Learning Experience
C. Evaluation
D. Purpose
ANSWER: A
363. Which of these experts proposed a model for curriculum development based on four
fundamental questions? Select one:
 A. Ralph Tyler
B. Hilda Taba
C. Daryl Kenneth Wheeler
D. Decker Walker
ANSWER: A
364. Teacher Sitsofe asked his students to exhibit compassion the way their father does towards
them. What type of objective are the students required to demonstrate? Select one:
A. Affective
B. Psychomotor
C. Sensorimotor
D. Intellectual
ANSWER: A
365. To prepare students to live responsible lives’. This phrase describes an educational Select
one:
A. Content
B. Objective
C. Aim
D. Goal
ANSWER: C
366. Teacher Otu asked his students to describe how Ghana gained its independence after 1957.
What type of objective are the students required to demonstrate? Select one:
A. Psychomotor
B. Sensorimotor
C. Intellectual
D. Affective
ANSWER: C
367. All the following are examples of learning experiences except…… Select one:
A. The textbooks supplied by the government
B. A teacher’s self-assessment of his teaching
C. The food sellers in the school
D. The social milieu in the classroom
ANSWER: B
368. According to Wheeler, the purpose of subjects such as Social Studies and Mathematics can
be classified as … Select one:
A. Mediate Goal
B. Ultimate Goal
 C. Specific Objectives
D. Proximate Goal
ANSWER: A
369. Which of the domains of learning is developed when a learner imbibes the spirit of
patriotism? Select one:
A. Cognitive
B. Sensorimotor
C. Affective
D. Psychomotor
ANSWER: C
370. Which one of the following people organized and integrated content and learning
experiences together in the design of the school curriculum? Select one:
A. Wheeler
B. Nicol
C. Tyler
D. Taba
ANSWER: A
371. In selecting learning experiences, Tyler (1949) advocates for all the following except….
Select one:
A. Those that develop thinking skills
B. Those that help in developing social attitudes
C. Those that help in acquiring information
D. Those that develop interesting character
ANSWER: D

372. In designing the school curriculum, Mr. Kofi Kwakye downplayed the importance of
selecting content. Which of the following authors influenced the thought of Mr. Kwakye? Select
one:
A. Tyler
B. Walker
C. Taba
D. Wheeler
ANSWER: A