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19ME54-Mid Sem Test-1 - QP-Answer Key

The document outlines the structure and content of a mid-semester test for B.E. Mechanical Engineering students, focusing on Metrology and Quality Control. It includes questions on the role of standards, accuracy, slip gauges, fits, calibration, and various measurement techniques, along with their significance in mechanical engineering. Additionally, it discusses limit gauges, their advantages and limitations, and applications in different industries.

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abishek.bharathimuthu
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8 views8 pages

19ME54-Mid Sem Test-1 - QP-Answer Key

The document outlines the structure and content of a mid-semester test for B.E. Mechanical Engineering students, focusing on Metrology and Quality Control. It includes questions on the role of standards, accuracy, slip gauges, fits, calibration, and various measurement techniques, along with their significance in mechanical engineering. Additionally, it discusses limit gauges, their advantages and limitations, and applications in different industries.

Uploaded by

abishek.bharathimuthu
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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COIMBATORE INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

MID SEMESTER TEST - 1

Program: B.E. Mechanical Engineering


Section: 2
19ME54/Metrology and Quality Control

Course Instructor: Dr. S. Selvam


Date of Examination: 26/09/2024
Time: 10:00 AM – 12:30 AM Max. Marks: 60

1. What is the role of standards in metrology?


Standards in metrology provide a reference for measurements, ensuring consistency, accuracy,
and reliability across different measurement tools and practices.

2. Why is accuracy important in metrology?


Accuracy is important because it ensures that measurements are close to the true value, which is
crucial for the quality and reliability of products and processes.
3. How would you use slip gauges to measure a dimension?
Slip gauges can be stacked together to achieve a specific dimension. By combining and wringing
the gauges, you can create a precise measurement standard.
4. Define the term "fit" in the context of mechanical engineering.
In mechanical engineering, "fit" refers to the relationship between two mating parts, such as the
tolerance and clearance between them.
5. What is the significance of calibration in measuring instruments?
Calibration ensures that measurement instruments provide accurate and reliable readings by
comparing them against a known standard and adjusting them as needed.
6. How does pitch differ from pitch diameter in screw threads?
Pitch is the distance between adjacent threads, measured along the axis of the screw. Pitch
diameter is the diameter of an imaginary cylinder that passes through the thread profile at the point
where the width of the thread is equal to the width of the space between threads
7. Calculate the best wire size for M24 x 3 mm screw thread.
Best size wire = (p/2) sec(θ/2)
= (3/2). Sec(30)
= 1.732 mm
8. What is the purpose of measuring the minor diameter of a screw thread?
The purpose of measuring the minor diameter of a screw thread is to determine the smallest
diameter of the internal thread, which is crucial for ensuring proper fit and function of the threaded
component.

9. A gear has a nominal pitch of 1.0 mm, but measurements show a pitch of 1.02 mm. Determine the pitch
error and the percentage deviation from the nominal pitch.

10. Find the gear tooth vernier calliper setting for a 4 mm module spur gear having 60 teeth.

gear tooth vernier calliper setting, d =m+ ( )

=4+ ( )

= 4.041 mm

PART-B
11. a). Describe the different types of standards used in metrology.
 Primary Standards:

o Definition: Fundamental standards that are defined and maintained by national or international
standards organizations.
o Role: Serve as the ultimate reference for measurement accuracy and are used to calibrate
secondary standards.
o Examples: National Prototype of the Meter (for length), the kilogram mass standard.
 Secondary Standards:
o Definition: Standards calibrated against primary standards. They are used for routine calibrations
and measurements.
o Role: Provide a link between primary standards and working standards. Often used in
laboratories and industrial settings.
o Examples: Calibration weights, standard measuring instruments.
 Working Standards:
o Definition: Standards used in day-to-day operations for practical measurements.
o Role: Facilitate regular calibration and measurement tasks within organizations.
o Examples: Instruments used in production environments, reference gauges.
 Reference Standards:
o Definition: Standards used to ensure uniformity and traceability of measurements over time and
between different locations.
o Role: Provide a basis for comparison and ensure that measurements are consistent across
different systems and environments.
o Examples: Certified reference materials, calibration certificates.

 Importance in Measurement Accuracy and Consistency:

 Traceability: Ensure measurements are traceable to recognized standards, maintaining consistency


across different measurements and locations.
 Calibration: Provide benchmarks for calibrating instruments, ensuring they produce accurate and reliable
results.
 Quality Assurance: Facilitate quality control processes in manufacturing and scientific research by
providing consistent measurement references.

11.b). Explain the use of limit gauges to check the dimensions of a manufactured part. Discuss the advantages and
limitations of using limit gauges in a production environment

If the "go" end fits the part within tolerance, and the "no-go" end does not, the part is considered acceptable.
Conversely, the part is rejected if the "no-go" end fits. This binary assessment ensures parts meet quality standards
without providing actual dimension values.

Advantages of Limit Gauges


 Ensures parts conform to specified size limits.
 Quick and straightforward inspection process.
 Facilitates interchangeability between parts.
 Reduces the need for complex measurements.
 Supports quality control in manufacturing.
 Prevents out-of-spec parts from reaching customers.
 Cost-effective and reliable for mass production.
 Suitable for high-volume and repetitive manufacturing processes.
 Helps maintain consistency and precision in production.
 Reduces the likelihood of errors in part dimensions.

Limitations of Limit Gauges


 Provide pass/fail results without quantifying deviations.
 Do not yield specific dimension values.
 Gauges can wear over time, affecting accuracy.
 Primarily designed for simple geometries.
 Proper use relies on operator skill, introducing variability.
 Development and maintenance expenses increase.
 May not suit specialised or highly precise tasks.
 Difficulty in creating gauges for extreme sizes.
 Assess only one dimension per gauge, requiring multiple for complex parts.

Applications of Limit Gauges


 Automotive industry for checking engine components.
 Aerospace sector for precision components.
 Manufacturing for quality control.
 Medical device production.
 Construction equipment manufacturing.
 Electronics and electrical equipment.
 Plumbing and pipe fittings.
 General machinery and tooling.
 Consumer products manufacturing.
 Defence and military equipment production.

12. a). Describe the working principle of an auto-collimator. Explain how it is used to measure angular deviations
of a component.
12.b). What is the difference between monochromatic light and polychromatic light?

Monochromatic light has a single wavelength, whereas polychromatic light consists of multiple wavelengths, creating a
spectrum of colors. Examples of polychromatic light include sunlight and the light from incandescent bulbs.

13. a). Derive an expression for calculating the effective diameter of a screw thread using the three-wire method and
Describe how the measurement is performed.
14. a). Develop the expression for calculating the thickness of a gear tooth using a gear tooth Vernier
calliper. Explain how it is used in practical measurements.
14. b). Explain how a Parkinson Gear Tester can be used to check the run out of a gear.

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