Project Report

On
Smart Parking System

By

Janak Raj Chettri (19IT101007)

Rajesh Gupta (19IT101008)

Biahal Ghalley (19IT102020)

In the partial fulfillment of requirements for the award of degree in

Bachelor of Computer Application
(2019-2022)
Under the Guidance of
Mr. Abhimanyu Sharma

Lecturer

School of Information

Technology

SRM University Sikkim

SCHOOL OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

SRM UNIVERSITY SIKKIM

 PROJECT COMPLETION CERTIFICATE

This is to certifl that Mr. Janak Raj Chettri. bearing Registration Number

19IT101007, ilIr.Rajesh Gupta, bearing Registration Number 19IT1010S8 anri

\Ir. Biahal Ghalley, bearing Registration Number 191T102020 of School o1'
,:tl'rrmation Technology" SF.fo{ Univeisit,v Sikkim lias rvorked under my supervision
the
:nd guidance liom December 2021 to May 2022 and has successfull.v completed
:roiect entitled "'Smart Parking S,vstem" in par"tial lulfillment of tire lequirements
ir the award of Bachelor of Computer Application'

P- l_-

]Ir. Atrhimany u Sharma

Lecturer

rchool of Information TechnologY

rR}l tlniversity Sikkim
 DECLARATION

i herebr. declare that the work recorded in this pro.ject report entitled "Smart Parking
\r stem" in partial l'uiililment of the requirements lbr the award of liegree in Bachelcr'
rri Computer Applications from SRM University Sikkim. is a t-aithtul and bonafide
'.ii-rrk caried out under the supenision and guidance oillr. Abhimanyu Sharma
iiom December 2021to May 2022.
The resuits of this inr,estigation reported in this project irave so iar not been reported
tbr an,v other Degree / Diploma or another technical tbrum.
Tire assistance anci heip receir.'ed during the course of the investigation have been duiy
acknowledged.

Janak Raj Chettri Rajesh Gupta Biahal Ghalley

r
i9IT1010{i7 19rr101008
BCAIT BCAIT

IlI
 CERTIFICATE OF ACCEPTANCE

This is to cefiif1" that Mr. Janak Raj Chettri. bearing Registration Number
19IT1{}10$7, fuIr. Rajesh Gupta, bearing Registration Number 19IT1S1008
and h,flr.
Biahal Ghalley, bearing Registration Number l9lTfi2}20 of School of Information
Technology. SRM Universitl, Sikkim has uorked on the pro.iect enritled ,,Smart
Parking system" under the supervision of Mr. Abhimanyu sharma, LectureL,
School of IT, SRfui University Sikkim. The project \.vas carried out liom Decen:ber
2CI21 to May 2022.

The project is hereby accepted by the School of Information Technology, SRM

University Sikkim. in partiai fulhiiment o1'the requirernents for lhe award of llegree
in Bachelor of Computer Application.

/\
/A
TA,,
Dr. 0m Prakash Sharma

HOD

School of Information Technology

SRI\{ U iriversit-v Sikliim

11
 BONAFIDE CERTIFICATE

-, .j to cefiify that this project report entitled "Smart Parking System" is the
- :..,.1r tork of Mr. Janak ll.aj Chettri, bearing R-egistration Number 19trT1{i1887,
\[n. Rajesh Gupta, bearing Registration Number 19IT101008 and Mr. Biahal
,,halle]. bearing Registration Nunirer 19IT1t)2020, rvho carried out this project
-. lr: m) supervision.

-. s is to fliither certifi that the work referred herein does not lbrm a parl of any
.::r ploject or dissertation for w'hich a de,uree or award has been confemed or any
:,:drdate before

Dr. Om Prakash Sharma Mr. Abhimanyu

\harma Lecfurer

HOD /IT GUIDE

Mr. SundarRajan S

ASSOCIATE DEAN

scHool oF tT, il'IAIiAGEIIENT & CO&{MERCE

EXAMINER EXTERNAL EXAMI]TER

lv
 TADONG, GANGTOK, EAST SIKKIM – 737102

PROJECT COMPLETION CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that Mr. Janak Raj Chettri, bearing Registration Number
19IT101007, Mr. Rajesh Gupta, bearing Registration Number 19IT101008 and Mr.
Biahal Ghalley, bearing Registration Number 19IT102020 of School of Information
Technology, SRM University Sikkim has worked under my supervision and guidance
from December 2021 to May 2022 and has successfully completed the project entitled
“Smart Parking System” in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award of
Bachelor of Computer Application.

Mr. Abhimanyu Sharma

Lecturer

School of Information Technology

SRM Univ2ersity Sikkim
 CERTIFICATE OF ACCEPTANCE

This is to certify that Mr. Janak Raj Chettri, bearing Registration Number
19IT101007, Mr. Rajesh Gupta, bearing Registration Number 19IT101008 and Mr.
Biahal Ghalley, bearing Registration Number 19IT102020 of School of Information
Technology, SRM University Sikkim has worked on the project entitled “Smart
Parking System” under the supervision of Mr. Abhimanyu Sharma, Lecturer, School
of IT, SRM University Sikkim. The project was carried out from December 2021 to
May 2022.

The project is hereby accepted by the School of Information Technology, SRM

University Sikkim, in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award of Degree in
Bachelor of Computer Application.

Dr. Om Prakash Sharma

HOD

School of Information Technology SRM

University Sikkim

ii
 DECLARATION

I hereby declare that the work recorded in this project report entitled “Smart Parking

System” in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award of Degree in Bachelor
of Computer Applications from SRM University Sikkim, is a faithful and bonafide
work carried out under the supervision and guidance of Mr. Abhimanyu Sharma from
December 2021 to May 2022.
The results of this investigation reported in this project have so far not been reported
for any other Degree / Diploma or another technical forum.
The assistance and help received during the course of the investigation have been duly
acknowledged.

Janak Raj Chettri Rajesh Gupta Biahal Ghalley

19IT101007 19IT101008 19IT102020

BCAIT BCAIT BCA

 iii

BONAFIDE CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that this project report entitled “Smart Parking System” is the
bonafide work of Mr. Janak Raj Chettri, bearing Registration Number 19IT101007,
Mr. Rajesh Gupta, bearing Registration Number 19IT101008 and Mr. Biahal
Ghalley, bearing Registration Number 19IT102020, who carried out this project under
my supervision.

This is to further certify that the work referred herein does not form a part of any other
project or dissertation for which a degree or award has been conferred or any
candidate before

Dr. Om Prakash Sharma Mr. Abhimanyu

Sharma Lecturer

HOD /IT GUIDE

Mr. SundarRajan S

ASSOCIATE DEAN

SCHOOL OF IT, MANAGEMENT & COMMERCE

INTERNAL EXAMINER EXTERNAL EXAMINER

iv
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

Words fall short when it comes to expressing gratitude towards people who have served
as guiding lights throughout this period.

I take this opportunity to thank SRM University, Sikkimfor providing the necessary
facilities, and guidance and for giving us the chance to do this project.

I would like to thank our Respected Vice-Chancellor, Professor Ch. Satish Kumar,
who has been an inspiration for better performance. I would also like to extend my
gratitude to the Associate Dean of the School of Information Technology, Mr. S.
SundarRajan for guiding us in dire times and helping us out with his vision. I am
eternally thankful to Dr.
Om Prakash Sharma, Head of the Department of the School of Information

Technology, for helping us out with various resources and for guiding me throughout
this project.

I am eternally grateful to my project coordinator, Mr. Nawang Lama, Assistant

Professor of the School of Information Technology, for his endless help and motivation
during tedious times.

The accomplishment of this project would not have been possible without my project
guide Mr. Abhimanyu Sharma. Without his guidance and feedback, this project could
never have been fulfilled. I am extremely thankful for his never-ending guidance. I
learned many new things which were unknown to me, and I am very grateful to him.
Finally, I would like to thank Mr. TekBahadurChettri and other staff members from
the ITKM Department for helping me with various equipment and going through
various programs to analyze critical mistakes.

v
ABSTRACT

Due to the increasing population in urban cities, there is more number of vehicles
which leads to major problems from poor traffic management to congestion. The idea
of smart parking system is slowly gaining techniques for a smooth parking. Therefore,
smart parking system can eliminate problems for the parking even at a very congested
area as well.
Even existing systems in present running cars have a lot of functions like camera in
back of every existing cars and display in front of dashboard and also occurred crashes
due to unexcitable movements
Because sometimes driver’s doesn’t knew that the any object is near the parking area
and even with the camera and parking system car can get damage.
So with the help of our smart parking system we can prevent the parking crashes.

Keywords— Smart parking, Alert system, Safe parking.

 vi

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Chapter No. Title Page No.

Acknowledgement 6
Abstract 7

List of Figures viii

List of Tables ix

Chapter 1 Introduction 1
2
1.1 ARDUINO UNO.

1.2 Ultrasonic Sensor. 3

1.3 Led. 4

1.4 Jumer Wire. 5

5
1.5 RISISTOR.

1.6 BREADBOARD.
Chapter 2 Literature Review 7

Chapter 3 Problem Statement 10

3.1. Objectives 10

3.2. Proposed System 10

Chapter 4 System Description 12

4.1 Methodology 13
Chapter 5 Conclusion 15

5.1 Gantt chart 15

5.2 Further Work 16

vii
APPENDIX

17
o CONNECTION DIAGRAM

o PCB Diagram. 18

o MODEL
19

References
20
List of Figures

S.No. Title Page No.

1. ARDUINO UNO. vii 2

2. ULRASONIC SENSOR 3

3. LED 4

4. Jumper wire 5

5. Resistor 5

6. Bread board 6

7. First test 10

8. Second test 11

9. Third test 11

10. Forth test 11

11. Block diagram 12

12. Gantt chart 15

 13. Speaker 16

14. LCD 16

15. Connection diagram 17

16. PCB diagram 18

17. Model 19
viii

List of Tables

S.No. Title Page No.

1. Summarized Literature Review 7

2. Methodology 13
ix
 Chapter 1

INTRODUCTION ix

We all know that parking a car in congested area is very difficult, so our team have
made IOT base system called “Smart parking system”, for it is a system that can be
installed or implement in any car of any generation. This system is basically for the
learners who have just started how to drive because in driving part, parking is one of
the most difficulties that are faced. The reason behind making this system is by
observing the condition of Sikkim traffic. As we all see that the parking vehicle in
Sikkim is very diffcult to all of us because we park the car in unsystematic manner.
After facing the parking problem for the drivers, such as traffic condition and
unsystematic parking, we have found the solution for the problems which can ease all
the following issues.
So in this case we have come up with certain solutions and that is to have alert sensor
system, which can alert the diver with buzzer and the LED light that is installed in the
system. This system can control and as well as give awareness to both the vehicles
that are about to clash. This system creates smooth parking as it detects any obstacles
which are at a certain distance that can alarm before having any crisis.
Henceforth, we would like to conclude our introductory part by mentioning some of
its advantages. Firstly, it is helpful in parking a car at a congested area without any
effort. Secondly, this system can sense the danger that can cause any harm to the
vehicle as it gives alertness when reached at a given distance. Thirdly, after going
through the cases of traffic conditions, this system can run any roadways in a smooth
ways followed by the divers that are willing to cooperate and follow the rules and
regulation of a system.

2
1.1 ARDUINO UNO.

Figure1.1: ARDUINO UNO.

The Arduino project began in 2005 as a tool for students at the Interaction Design
Institute Ivrea, Italy, aiming to provide a low-cost and easy way for novices and
professionals to create devices that interact with their environment using sensors and
actuators. In our project we are using this Arduino uno R3.
Adriano Uno is a microcontroller board based on the ATmega328P (datasheet). It has
14 digital input/output pins (of which 6 can be used as PWM outputs), 6 analog inputs,
a 16 MHz quartz crystal, a USB connection, a power jack, an ICSP header and a reset
button. It contains everything needed to support the microcontroller; simply connect
it to a computer with a USB cable or power it with a AC-to-DC adapter or battery to
get started.. You can tinker with your UNO without worrying too much about doing
something wrong, worst case scenario you can replace the chip for a few dollars and
start over again."Uno" means one in Italian and was chosen to mark the release of
Arduino Software (IDE) 1.0. The Uno board and version 1.0 of Arduino Software
(IDE) were the reference versions of Arduino, now evolved to newer releases. The
Uno board is the first in a series of USB Arduino boards, and the reference model for the Arduino
platform; for an extensive list of current, past or outdated boards see the Arduino index of
boards.

3
1.2 ULTRASONIC SENSOR.

Figure 1.2: ULRASONIC SENSOR

In 1929 and 1935, Sokolov studied the use of ultrasonic waves in detecting metal
objects. Mulhauser, in 1931, obtained a patent for using ultrasonic waves, using two
transducers to detect flaws in solids. Firestone (1940) and Simons (1945) developed
pulsed ultrasonic testing using a pulse-echo technique. We are using 3 ultrasonic
sensor in out project to make 376 degree in parking system.

An ultrasonic sensor is an electronic device that measures the distance of a target

object by emitting ultrasonic sound waves, and converts the reflected sound into an
electrical signal. Ultrasonic waves travel faster than the speed of audible sound (i.e.
the sound that humans can hear). Ultrasonic sensors have two main components: the
transmitter (which emits the sound using piezoelectric crystals) and the receiver
(which encounters the sound after it has travelled to and from the target).

4
1.3 LED.

Figure 1.3 LED

we are using 624nm 20mA 200mcd 5mm Round Red Diffused LED Through

Hole(LED) bulb for our working model so that (LED) can alert that the parking is not
going well A light-emitting diode (LED) is a semiconductor light source that emits
light when current flows through it. Electrons in the semiconductor recombine with
electron holes, releasing energy in the form of photons. The colour of the light
(corresponding to the energy of the photons) is determined by the energy required for
electrons to cross the band gap of the semiconductor. White light is obtained by using
multiple semiconductors or a layer of light-emitting phosphor on the semiconductor
device.

5
1.4 JUMER WIRE.

Figure 1.4: Jumper wire

Jumper wire is an electrical wire, or group of them in a cable, with a connector or pin
at each end (or sometimes without them – simply "tinned"), which is normally used
to interconnect the components of a breadboard or other prototype or test circuit,
internally or with other equipment or components, without soldering.

1.5 RISISTOR.

Figure 1.5: Resistor.

A resistor is an electrical component that limits or regulates the flow of electrical

current in an electronic circuit. Resistors can also be used to provide a specific voltage
for an active device such as a transistor.

6
1.6 BREADBOARD.

Figure1.6: Breadboard.

A breadboard is a construction base for prototyping of electronics. Originally the word

referred to a literal bread board, a polished piece of wood used when slicing bread. In
the 1970s the solder less breadboard became available and nowadays the term
"breadboard" is commonly used to refer to these.

7
Chapter 2 Literature Review

The following papers have been reviewed for analyzing and reviewing the
current scenario regarding smart homes to gain a deeper insight into the
areas needed to be worked upon.

Table 2.1: Summarized Literature Review

Sl TITLE/ YEAR Methodology Result Research

AUTHOR
1 Reverse 2021 This study In this project In
car mainly they are thi
parking sensor. focusing only focusing s project
ARAKADE on reversing of to alert they are

ADITYA vehicle diver for using

Using one parking only one
VIJAY
sensor at the backwards. ultrasonic
CHHAYA. sensor

8
2 An ultrasonic 2017 This study is This project In
sensor system showing focuses thi
for vehicle us that on s project
detection this parking lot to they
application. is used park their manage
RONISTIAWA in vehicle safely the
parking and count the parking
N.
lots vehicle when lot system
ADHI
and they have the but
KSUMADJATI. used parkin vehicle
NINA SITI ultrasonic g gets pack have to
AMINAH. sensor, then vehicle park in
MITRA ARDIUNO are not allow other
DJAMAL. which can to enter in the place too
SPARISIMA count the parking lot. that time
VIRIDI. number of this will
vehicle. not help
diver
3 Reverse 2017 This project This project This study
car mainly also focusing is shows
parking system. showing on safe us that it
HARSHUL us that parking but it is helpful
MATHUR. parking a is at home in home
DHEERAJ vehicle in a parking. parking

SHARMA. home parking but it

to park safely should be
ARMAAN
using helpful in
PANORIYA. ultrasonic other
GYAN sensor, place to
ARDIUNO parking.
VARDHAN
UNO, LCD,
TYAGI.
etc..

9
2.1 Hrakade Aditya Vijay Chhaya, PatilVedantBhausahebJayashri, SawantSarvesh,

ShashikantSmruti, PhodkarParth Prashant Priyanka, “Reverse Car Parking System”,

International Research journal of Engineering and technology, Volume 08 Issue: 04 |
April 2021.
Methodology:

Using one sensor at the back, one alarm, and ARDIUNO.This study mainly focusing only
on reversing of vehicle.
Result:

In this project they are focusing to alert diver for parking backwards.

2.2 Ronistiawan, Adhiksumadjati, Nina sitiaminah, Mitradjamal, Sparisimaviridi,

“An ultrasonic sensor system for vehicle detection application”, IOP Conf. Series: Journal
of Physics: Conf. Series 1204 (2019) 012017.
Methodology:

This study is showing us that this is used in parking lots and they have used ultrasonic
sensor, ARDIUNO which can count the number of vehicle Result:
This project focuses on parking lot to park their vehicle safely and count the vehicle when
the parking gets pack then vehicle are not allow to enter in the parking lot.

2.3 Harshulmathur, Dheeraj Sharma, Armaanpanoriya, Gyanvardhantyagi, “Reverse

car parking system”, ABES Engineering College, Ghaziabad Dr. A.P.J Abdul
KalamTechnicalUniversity, Uttar Pradesh, Lucknow , April, 2017.

Methodology:

This project mainly showing us that parking a vehicle in a home parking to park safely using
ultrasonic sensor, ARDIUNO UNO, LCD, etc..
Result:

10
This project also focusing on safe parking but it is at home parking.

Chapter 3 Problem Statement

Highly vehicle density on roads this results in annoying issue for the drivers to park
their vehicles as it is very difficult to find a parking slot. The drivers usually waste
time and effort in finding parking space and end up parking their vehicles finding a
space on streets.
Sometime diver might hit others vehicle or others property which will be big issue
because of rising population in this world there are many number of vehicle and there
won’t be free area to pack vehicle.

3.1 OBJECTIVE

• Our main objective in this project is to have smooth parking of a vehicle even in congested
area without getting help from other.
• This system can sense the danger beforehand and gives alertness to diver, when it reached
at a given distance
• This system can help maintaining congested parking area and to control the traffic problems.

3.2. Proposed System

This system alerts divers when any object, such as walls, stone, poles and other vehicles which
come near the vesicle. And diver can take his/ her vehicle to safer side.

11
 Figure3.1: First test.

Our project when there is no object in front of the sensor because of that light is not blinking.

Figure3.2: second test.

When object is near the right side sensor LED (red) will blink.

Figure3.3: Third test

When the object is near the left side sensor LED (blue) will blink.

12
 Figure3.4: Forth test

When the object is near back side sensor LED (green) will blink.

Chapter 4

System Description - Block Diagram

13
 AL

ULTRASONIC LE
LE ULTRASONI
SENSOR 1 D1 ARDUINO
D2 C SENSOR 2
UNO

LED
3

ULTRASONIC
SENSOR 3

Figure 4.1: Block Diagram

We have block diagram above, this is our system and we have connected 3 ultrasonic
sensors, 3 LED and 1 alarm with ARDUINO UNO to make this system into an existence
which can detect the object and other vehicle near by the vehicle and alert diver with
alarm a nd LED light in the system.

4.1. Methodology

Sl. no Name Usage.

1 ARDUINO UNO Used ARDUINO UNO: 1

As a brain of a system.

14
 2 Ultrasonic sensor Used ultrasonic sensor: 3

As right, left and back sensor.

3 Buzzer Used buzzer: 1

To alert both the diver with sound.

4 LED Used LED: 3

To alert the diver inside.

5 Resistor Used resistor: 3

To control the flow of voltage (5v).

6 Breadboard Used breadboard: 1

To complete unsoldered connection.

7 Jumper wire Used jumper wire:18

To complete the circuit.

Table 4.1: Methodology.

ARDUINO UNO it is very important in our project to control all the programs and stores
the program to make the system into an existence.
Ultrasonic sensor, it is a sensor which can help us to measure distance in the form of
wave and calculated the distance when the wave bounce back from the object to
sensor. We have used the sensor as right, left, and back to sense where the diver can’t
see it.
Buzzer is the small device which produces sound when the condition is true in the system to
alert both the diver with the sound generate from the buzzer.
LED, it is the RGB colour LED light is used in our system so when the condition is
true LED will blink according (right, left, back) to make the diver alert the some this
is near the vehicle or coming near the parking.
Resistor, it mini voltage controller which we have used to control the flow of voltage
towards the LED light because it help to flow adequate voltage when there is high or
low.

15
Breadboard, is the one kind of extension cord to make complete connection of unsoldered
connation.
Jumper wire, is the coloured wire that helps to identify the complex connection and to
make complete circuit.

Chapter 5 CONCLUSION

We all know that world is all full of new creation to make our life more comfortable to
live in this world and one main source is IOT base project which software and IOT

16
engineer works day and night to make more advance world. So, our team has also made
IOT base project “smart parking system which can help many diver to park the vehicle
very smoothly. Our team with help of our university we have completed the project very
smooth.

5.1 GANTT CHART.

Figure 5.1 Gantt chart.

5.2 Further Work

In future our team is working to have more advances in our project which have more advance
featured device which will help people more.

17
Some of the feature that we are thinking to update in next feature:

1. Adding audio buzzer (left, right, back).

• Connecting with inbuilt car speaker.

Figure 5.2: speaker.

2. Adding LCD to display distance on the screen.

Figure 5.3 LCD.

3. More features will be added.

APPENDIX

18
 A. CONNECTION DIAGRAM

Figure A1: connection diagram.

PCB Diagram.
19
Figure B1: PCB diagram

B. MODEL
20
Figure C1: Model

21
Figure C2: Right View Model

22
Figure C3: Left View Model

Figure C4: Back View Model

23
References
[1] Hrakade Aditya Vijay Chhaya, PatilVedantBhausahebJayashri, SawantSarvesh,

ShashikantSmruti, PhodkarParth Prashant Priyanka, “Reverse Car Parking

System”,International Research journal of Engineering and technology, Volume
08 Issue: 04 | April 2021.
[2] Ronistiawan, Adhiksumadjati, Nina sitiaminah, Mitradjamal, Sparisimaviridi,
“An ultrasonic sensor system for vehicle detection application”, IOP Conf. Series:
Journal of Physics: Conf. Series 1204 (2019) 012017.
[3] Harshulmathur, Dheeraj Sharma, Armaanpanoriya, Gyanvardhantyagi, “Reverse
car parking system”, ABES Engineering College, Ghaziabad Dr. A.P.J Abdul
KalamTechnicalUniversity, Uttar Pradesh, Lucknow , April, 2017.

24