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Solar Inverter for Home

Presentation · December 2019

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Solar Inverter for Home

Introduction to Solar Inverter:

We see many people using solar inverters these days which proves that its necessity
has been increased in the current years. A Solar inverter is similar to a normal electric
inverter but uses the energy of the Sun i.e. solar energy.

A solar inverter helps in converting the direct current into alternate current with the help of
solar power. Direct power is that power which runs in one direction inside the circuit and helps
in supplying current when there is no electricity. Direct currents are used for small appliance
like mobile e phones, MP3 players, IPod etc. where there is power stored in the form of battery.
In case of alternative current it is the power that runs back and forth inside the circuit. The
alternate power is generally used for house hold appliances. A solar inverter helps devices
that run on DC power to run in AC power so that the user makes use of the AC power. If you
are thinking why to use solar inverter instead of the normal electric one then it is because the
solar one makes use of the solar energy which is available in abundant from the Sun and is
clean and pollution free

Solar inverters are also called as photovoltaic solar inverters. These devices can help you
save lot of money. The small-scale grid one have just two components i.e. the panels and
inverter while the off grid systems are complicated and consists of batteries which allows
users to use appliances during the night when there is no Sunlight available. The solar panel
and the batteries that are placed on rooftops attract Sun rays and then convert the Sunlight
into electricity. The batteries too grab the extra electricity so that it can then be used to run
appliances at night.

Working of Solar Inverter:

Now after knowing what a solar inverter is, let’s talk about its working. Solar panels produce
direct electricity with the help of electrons that are moving from negative to positive direction.
Most of the appliances that we use at home work on alternative current. This AC is created by
the constant back and forth of the electrons from negative to positive. In AC electricity the
voltage can be adjusted according to the use of the appliance. As solar panels only produce
Direct current the solar inverter is used to convert the DC to AC.

An inverter produces square waves or a sine wave which can be used for running lights,
televisions, lights, motors etc. However these inverters also produce harmonic distortion.
Expensive inverters make use of lots of steps to produce a sine wave and thus are found in
residential solar inverters. Basically inverters should be a large one so that it supplies enough
power to all the necessary appliances.
You can make us of the photovoltaic tiles that attract energy from Sun and converts it
into a clean form of electricity which can be used to light, houses, industries and
companies. The cells of photovoltaic consist of positive and negative silicon that is
placed underneath a slice of glass. When the protons of the Sunlight hit the PV cells
they knock the neutrons present in the silicon. Now the negative charged neutrons get
attracted to the silicon but then are held inside a magnetic field. The wires attached on
the silicon catch hold of these neutrons and while connecting to the circuit, current is
formed. This then gives space for direct electricity and for converting that into alternate
electricity an inverter is used so that the house appliances can run. As mentioned
before major of the house appliances work on alternate current hence an inverter is
used to convert DC to AC.

Solar power apart from making your home appliances work can also be used to heat
water and swimming pools too.

How to Make a Solar Inverter?

The energy derived from Sun is a renewable one and is totally free of cost. We have learnt
how the solar inverter helps in providing electricity and now we shall learn how a solar inverter
is made. A solar panel is capable enough to convert the heat or energy of the Sun into direct
current.
Solar Inverter Design:
To easily understand the construction of a solar inverter lets discuss the following
construction sample:-

1. According to the circuit diagram initially do the assembling of the oscillator part
which consist of the small components & IC. It is finely completed by interrelating
the part leads itself and fusing the joints.
2. Now place the power transistors into the acutely pierced aluminium heat sinks.
This is crafted by cutting aluminium sheet into specified sizes and bending their
sides, so that it can be hold tightly.
3. Make use of mica isolation kit to fix transistors in the aluminium heat sink, evade
short circuiting & direct contact of the transistors from ground & each other.
4. Fasten the heat sink congregation to the bottom of a properly ventilated, strong,
thick gauge metal enclosed space.
5. Also fasten the power transformer next to the aluminium heat sinks by making
use of screw & bolts.
6. Now join the suitable points of the assembled circuit board & power transistors
on the aluminium heat sinks.
7. At last connect the power transistor’s productions to the subsequent winding of
the power transformer.
8. End the assembly by fastening and interlocking the outer electrical fittings such
as switches, mains cord, fuses, sockets, and the battery inputs.
9. A voluntary solar power supply circuit and a transformer may be added within to
charge the battery when necessary (check diagram).
Solar Inverter Circuit Diagram:

To understand well how to construct a solar inverter, it is vital to study how the circuit
operates through with the help of following steps:

 N1 & N2 gates of IC 4049 are employed as an oscillator. It carries out the key
role of providing square waves to the inverter division.
 N3 to N6 gates are employed as buffers so that the circuit is not dependent on
load.
 Continuously changing voltage from the buffer phase is useful to the bottom of
the current amplifier transistors T1 & T2. These transistors perform in harmony
with the practical changing voltage and boost it to the bottom of the output
transistors T3 & T4.
 These producing power transistors swing at a full oscillation, providing the total
battery voltage.
 This energy produced is from solar panel & is employed to power the output load.
 Solar Inverter Advantages:
After knowing in detail what a solar inverter is and how different useful it is to make
appliances work at residential and industrial levels we must discuss about the many
advantages of the device.

 Solar energy has always helped in reducing global warming and green house
effect.
 Also use of solar energy helps in saving money many people have started using
solar based devices
 A solar inverter helps in converting the Direct current into batteries or alternative
current. This helps people who use limited amount of electricity.
 There is this synchronous solar inverter that helps small homeowners and power
companies as they are large in size
 Then there is this multifunction solar inverter which is the best among all and
works efficiently. It converts the DC power to AC very carefully which is perfect
for commercial establishments
 This inverter is cost effective i.e. less expensive than generators
 Apart from solar inverters there are other devices too that make use of solar
energy namely, solar cooker, heater.
 Solar inverters are the best way and they are better than the normal electric
ones. Also their maintenance does not cost much money

Solar Inverter Disadvantages:

 Initially you need to shell out a lot of money for buying a solar inverter
 It will work effectively and produce direct current only when the Sunlight is strong.
 The solar panels that are used to attract Sunlight requires lots of space
 The device can work efficiently only if the presence of the Sun is strong.
 Solar Inverters can work when there is no Sunlight but provided their battery is
charged fully with the help of Sunlight.

After counting on some of the disadvantages of solar inverter we can state that when a
device is very useful at some point of time it too requires proper maintenance and when it
comes to a solar device the equipment of solar energy is must. So buy a solar device only if
you have plenty of solar energy available.

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