Year 8 Chemistry End of Year Test
Name Class Date
1 a State what is meant by a hydrocarbon.
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(2 marks)
b Complete the word equation to show what is formed when a hydrocarbon undergoes complete
combustion.
hydrocarbon + oxygen → ______________________________ + ____________________________
(2 marks)
c What is the toxic gas that is formed by the incomplete combustion of a hydrocarbon? Tick one box.
A carbon
B carbon dioxide
C carbon monoxide
D hydrogen
(1 mark)
(Total for Question 1 = 5 marks)
2 Magnesium burns in oxygen to form magnesium oxide.
a Describe what is seen during this reaction.
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(1 mark)
b What is the type of reaction occurring when a metal gains oxygen? Tick one box.
A distillation
B neutralisation
C oxidation
D thermal decomposition
(1 mark)
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Year 8 Chemistry End of Year Test
c A piece of magnesium ribbon with a mass of 1.2 g is burnt in a crucible and forms 2.0 g of magnesium
oxide.
Calculate the mass of oxygen that reacted with the magnesium. Explain your answer.
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(2 marks)
(Total for Question 2 = 4 marks)
3 a i State what is meant by exothermic.
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(1 mark)
ii State the three factors that are needed for a fire to burn.
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(1 mark)
iii What does this hazard symbol mean? Tick one box.
A corrosive
B flammable
C oxidising
D toxic
(1 mark)
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Year 8 Chemistry End of Year Test
b An experiment is carried out to compare the temperature rise of water when two fuels – ethanol and
propanol – are burnt separately for 5 minutes each, using the apparatus shown.
i State the independent variable in this experiment.
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(1 mark)
ii State the dependent variable in this experiment.
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(1 mark)
iii State one other variable in the experiment and how you could control it to make the experiment a
fair test.
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(2 marks)
(Total for Question 3 = 7 marks)
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Year 8 Chemistry End of Year Test
4 a State one human activity that increases the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.
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(1 mark)
b State one thing that could happen if carbon dioxide levels continue to increase in the atmosphere.
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(1 mark)
(Total for Question 4 = 2 marks)
5 a Give the meanings of the following words.
i atom _________________________________________________________________________
(1 mark)
ii element _______________________________________________________________________
(1 mark)
iii compound _____________________________________________________________________
(1 mark)
b i Which element is represented by the symbol Cu? Tick one box.
A calcium
B carbon
C chlorine
D copper
(1 mark)
ii Which element is represented by the symbol K? Tick one box.
A iron
B krypton
C lead
D potassium
(1 mark)
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Year 8 Chemistry End of Year Test
c This model represents ethane.
i Give the formula for ethane.
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(1 mark)
ii The mass of carbon in ethane is four times greater than the mass of hydrogen in ethane.
Calculate the mass of hydrogen combined with 12 g of carbon.
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(1 mark)
d i What is the name of the group of elements that contains lithium, sodium and potassium? Tick
one box.
A alkali metals
B halogens
C noble gases
D transition metals
(1 mark)
ii Complete the word equation to show the products formed when lithium reacts with water.
lithium + water → ________________________________ + _____________________________
(2 marks)
(Total for Question 5 = 10 marks)
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Year 8 Chemistry End of Year Test
6 A solid, X, is heated and the temperature is measured at minute intervals.
The graph shows the results.
a What is the physical state of X at 80 °C?
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(1 mark)
b What is the melting point of substance X?
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(1 mark)
c When substance X boils, the temperature does not change. Explain why.
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(2 marks)
(Total for Question 6 = 4 marks)
7 a Some metals are used as catalysts.
Explain what a catalyst is.
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(2 marks)
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Year 8 Chemistry End of Year Test
b i Complete the word equation to show the two missing reactants needed for iron to rust.
iron + __________________ + ___________________ → iron hydroxide (rust)
(2 marks)
ii One type of iron oxide has the formula Fe2O3.
In this formula, what is the ratio of iron atoms to oxygen atoms?
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(1 mark)
c Part of the reactivity series of metals is shown.
sodium most reactive
calcium
iron
copper least reactive
Which metal reacts with oxygen but does not react with dilute hydrochloric acid? Tick one box.
A calcium
B copper
C iron
D sodium
(1 mark)
d Magnesium reacts with sulfuric acid (H2SO4) to form magnesium sulfate (MgSO4) and
hydrogen (H2).
i Describe what is seen when a piece of magnesium ribbon is added to excess dilute sulfuric acid.
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(2 marks)
ii Write the balanced equation for this reaction.
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(2 marks)
(Total for Question 7 = 10 marks)
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Year 8 Chemistry End of Year Test
8 Six students carry out an experiment: they add a 3 cm length of magnesium ribbon to 20 cm3 (an excess)
of dilute hydrochloric acid. The students measure the temperature of the acid before and after adding the
magnesium ribbon and calculate the rise in temperature.
The results are shown in the table.
Student Temperature rise (°C)
1 10
2 11
3 12
4 9
5 5
6 10
a Which student calculated the highest temperature rise and which student calculated the lowest?
Tick one box.
Highest temperature rise Lowest temperature rise
A student 1 student 4
B student 3 student 5
C student 4 student 2
D student 6 student 3
(1 mark)
b State which is the anomalous result.
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(1 mark)
c Give one reason for the anomalous result.
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(1 mark)
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Year 8 Chemistry End of Year Test
9 The diagrams show the arrangement of particles in a pure metal and in an alloy.
Use the diagrams to explain why alloys are stronger than pure metals.
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(4 marks)
(Total for Question 9 = 4 marks)
10 a Igneous rocks are formed when molten magma cools and solidifies.
Compare the sizes of the crystals formed when molten magma cools quickly and when it cools slowly.
Give a reason for your answer.
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(2 marks)
b Describe how igneous rocks change into metamorphic rocks.
They can change due to heat and pressure.
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(2 marks)
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Year 8 Chemistry End of Year Test
c Explain how rocks are weathered during freeze–thaw action.
Water enters the crack of a rock, and freezes. When water freezes, it expands.
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This forces the crack to grow bigger, and after a period of time, it breaks.
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(2 marks)
d Describe how fossils are formed in some sedimentary rocks.
A dead animal is buried underneath layers of sediment before they rot away.
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If the layers of sediment change into sedimentary rocks while the organism's remains
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are still underneath, the remains of the organism can also turn into rock, but
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they keep their shapes.
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(2 marks)
e State which type of rock consists of layers of interlocking crystals.
Metamorphic
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(1 mark)
f Most metals occur as ores, and the metal is obtained by mining the ore then extracting the metal by a
chemical process.
Give two advantages of recycling metals rather than using new supplies of metals.
It reduces pollution and can allow metal supplies to last longer.
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(2 marks)
(Total for Question 10 = 11 marks)
TOTAL FOR TEST = 60 MARKS
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