Which of the following is a default Linux file system?

a) EXT4
b) XFS
c) FAT32
d) NTFS

Who is credited with first developing the Linux kernel in 1991?

a) Richard Stallman
b) Steve Jobs
c) Linus Torvalds
d) Bill Gates

What is a characteristic of the EXT4 file system?

a) It does not support journaling

b) It offers journaling and supports large files
c) It is optimized for mobile devices
d) It is used exclusively for network storage

What is the Linux system primarily designed to maximize?

a) Memory usage
b) Disk storage
c) CPU utilization
d) Process execution speed

Which of the following is NOT a popular Linux distribution?

a) Ubuntu
b) Fedora
c) Windows
d) Debian

What is the purpose of the kill command in Linux?

a) To start a new process

b) To monitor system performance
c) To terminate processes
d) To modify file permissions

Which Linux process state is described as "actively executing instructions"?

a) New
b) Ready
c) Running
d) Waiting
Which of the following is the correct definition of "block device" in Linux?

a) Devices that allow sequential access to data

b) Devices that allow random access to data in fixed-size blocks
c) Devices that are used for network communication
d) Devices that don't require file system support

In the Linux file system, which object represents an individual file?

a) Dentry
b) Inode
c) Superblock
d) File Object

What type of devices does the Linux kernel manage through its networking subsystem?

a) Network devices
b) Block devices
c) Character devices
d) Storage devices

What is the primary purpose of the file manager?

a) Data encryption
b) Managing files and directories
c) User authentication
d) Network configuration

Which operation is NOT typically performed by a file manager?

a) Creating files
b) Modifying hardware settings
c) Renaming files
d) Deleting files

What is the main purpose of physical storage allocation?

a) To reduce power consumption
b) To determine how files are stored on disk
c) To manage network connections
d) To allocate user permissions
What is data compression?
a) Encrypting files for security
b) Reducing the size of files
c) Formatting a storage drive
d) Backing up data
Which level is responsible for the physical structure of the file?
a) Logical level
b) Physical level
c) System level
d) User level
Which of the following methods is used in access control?
a) Username and password authentication
b) Randomized encryption
c) File compression
d) Sequential access
What is NOT a file access method?
a) Random access
b) Indexed access
c) Encrypted access
d) Sequential access
What type of storage allocation uses a table to locate file blocks?
a) Contiguous
b) Indexed
c) Hierarchical
d) Fragmented
Which file system feature prevents unauthorized access?
a) Metadata
b) Compression algorithms
c) Access control mechanisms
d) Storage allocation
Which is a common file manager tool?
a) Command Prompt
b) File Explorer
c) BIOS Setup Utility
d) Task Scheduler
What is a deadlock in computing?
a) A situation where processes continue to run without any issues
b) A state where two or more processes are blocked, each waiting for the other to release
resources
c) A situation where a single process is using multiple resources
d) A resource allocation system with unlimited resources
In a deadlock situation, what does 'mutual exclusion' mean?
a) Only one process can use a resource at any given time
b) Processes can share resources freely
c) Resources are infinitely available to all processes
d) A resource can be preempted at any time
Which method is NOT a strategy for handling deadlock?
a) Deadlock Avoidance
b) Deadlock Detection and Recovery
c) Deadlock Scheduling
d) Deadlock Ignorance
In deadlock recovery, what does 'process termination' involve?
a) Suspending processes until resources are available
b) Forcibly ending one or more processes to free resources
c) Reallocating resources among processes without termination
d) Allowing processes to wait indefinitely
What is 'starvation' in an operating system?
a) When a process is permanently blocked from accessing resources due to high-priority
processes
b) When all processes share resources equally
c) When only one process can access a resource at a time
d) When all processes are blocked
How is deadlock different from starvation?
a) Deadlock prevents all processes from progressing, while in starvation only low priority
processes are affected
b) Starvation occurs when resources are infinitely available
c) Deadlock affects only one process, while starvation affects all processes
d) Deadlock only happens in systems with infinite resources
What is parallel processing in computing?
A) A process where multiple users share the same CPU
B) A process where multiple CPUs execute instructions simultaneously
C) A system where only one CPU is active at a time
D) A technique for saving memory space

What describes an asymmetric multiprocessing system?

a) All processors have equal roles
b) There is one primary master processor with additional slave processors
c) All processors run independently without a master processor
d) Each processor has a copy of the OS

In a multiprocessing system, the Processor Manager is responsible for:

a) Managing storage alone
b) Coordinating activity among multiple CPUs
c) Handling I/O operations only
d) Running user applications

Which programming approach allows multiple instructions to be processed

simultaneously?
a) Sequential programming
b) Symmetric multiprocessing
c) Concurrent programming
d) Master/slave configuration
Which of the following scheduling algorithms processes jobs in the order they arrive,
without preemption?
a) Shortest Job First (SJF)
b) First-Come, First-Served (FCFS)
c) Round-Robin (RR)
d) Shortest Remaining Time First (SRTF)

In which scheduling algorithm does the CPU execute the process with the shortest total
burst time?
a) First-Come, First-Served (FCFS)
b) Preemptive Priority
c) Shortest Job First (SJF)
d) Multi-Level Feedback Queue (MLFQ)

In which of the following algorithms is the process with the highest priority executed
first, without interruption?
a) Non-Preemptive Priority
b) Preemptive Priority
c) Round-Robin (RR)
d) Multi-Level Feedback Queue (MLFQ)

Which scheduling algorithm uses a fixed time quantum to switch between processes,
ensuring all processes get equal CPU time?
a) Multi-Level Feedback Queue (MLFQ)
b) Round-Robin (RR)
c) Shortest Job First (SJF)
d) Non-Preemptive Priority

What happens in Round-Robin (RR) scheduling when a process does not finish within its
time quantum?
a) It is executed again immediately
b) It is placed at the end of the ready queue
c) It is removed from the queue
d) It is executed without interruption until completion
Which of the following scheduling algorithms may result in starvation if a lower-priority
process is always preempted by higher-priority ones?
a) Multi-Level Feedback Queue (MLFQ)
b) First-Come, First-Served (FCFS)
c) Non-Preemptive Priority
d) Round-Robin (RR)

What is the primary goal of the Shortest Job First (SJF) scheduling algorithm?
a) To minimize the number of context switches
b) To maximize CPU utilization
c) To minimize the average waiting time
d) To prioritize CPU-bound processes

Which scheduling algorithm executes processes in the order of their arrival time?
a) Preemptive Priority
b) First-Come, First-Served (FCFS)
c) Shortest Job First (SJF)
d) Multi-Level Feedback Queue (MLFQ)

Which scheduling algorithm uses multiple queues with different priorities to optimize
CPU usage?
a) Round-Robin (RR)
b) Multi-Level Feedback Queue (MLFQ)
c) Shortest Job First (SJF)
d) First-Come, First-Served (FCFS)

Which scheduling algorithm is known for minimizing the average turnaround time in
ideal conditions, assuming all jobs are known in advance?
a) First-Come, First-Served (FCFS)
b) Shortest Job First (SJF)
c) Round-Robin (RR)
d) Preemptive Priority

What is an operating system (OS)?

a) A hardware component of a computer

b) Software that manages computer hardware and software resources
c) A programming language
d) A type of computer virus

Which of the following is NOT a type of operating system?

a) Batch OS
b) Real-time OS
c) Multi-core OS
d) Time-sharing OS
Which memory allocation scheme searches for the first available partition that fits the
job's requirements?

a) Best-fit
b) Worst-fit
c) First-fit
d) Next-fit

What feature do modern operating systems prioritize for enhanced security?

a) User interface design

b) User authentication and permissions
c) High-speed processing
d) Large memory allocation

In the context of memory allocation, what is a disadvantage of the Next-fit method?

a) It guarantees efficient memory usage.

b) It can lead to fragmentation of memory.
c) It always allocates the largest block available.
d) It is the fastest allocation method.

Which generation of operating systems focuses on distributed computing and the

Internet?

a) First Generation (1940s - 1950s)

b) Second Generation (1960s - 1970s)
c) Third Generation (1970s - 1980s)
d) Fourth Generation (1980 - Present Day)

Which of the following is a characteristic of Batch Operating Systems?

a) Immediate processing of tasks

b) Requires user interaction
c) Processes jobs in groups
d) Real-time processing

What is the role of user authentication in modern operating systems?

a) To speed up processing tasks

b) To enhance user interface design
c) To protect sensitive data and resources
d) To increase memory allocation
What is the significance of cloud services in modern operating systems?

a) They limit software capabilities.

b) They enable local processing only.
c) They provide scalable resources and accessibility over the Internet.
d) They focus solely on desktop applications.

In the context of an operating system, what is a "partition"?

a) A section of the operating system code

b) A portion of memory allocated to a job
c) A file storage system
d) A user interface component