HIGHER EDUCATION PROGRAMMES

MEMORANDUM

Academic Year 2024: July - December

Formative Assessment 1: Systems Analysis and Design 3

(HSAD300-1)
NQF Level, Credits: 6, 20

Weighting: 40%

Assessment Type: Essay Questions

Educator: L. Ngcobo

Examiner: L. Ngcobo

Due Date: 13 September 2024

Total: 100 Marks

Instructions:

• This paper consists of THREE questions.

• It is based on Units 1 to Unit 4 of the prescribed course materials.
• All questions are compulsory.
• Submit your complete assessment as one (1) pdf document.
• A Copyleaks Report will be issued via ColCampus once the assignment is
submitted. Please ensure that you follow the correct steps when uploading your
assignment, to ensure that the Copyleaks Report is correctly issued. If the
incorrect document is uploaded, or if no Copyleaks Report is issued, a mark of
zero (0) will be awarded. If the Copyleaks Report indicates that a 30%
similarity/plagiarism score has been exceeded, 25% of the assessment total will
be deducted from the final grade.

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 Note to grader: This document provides a basic guideline for the expected
responses. The responses will invariably differ; your discretion should apply
in awarding marks. All diagrams given are suggested and not sole solutions.

Question 1 (11 marks)

LuminoTech Enterprises is a global technology consultancy firm renowned for its
expertise in project management across diverse industries. Specialising in custom
solutions, they employ a tailored approach to each project, utilising a variety of
methodologies including spiral and waterfall models. The company's seasoned team of
project managers, analysts, and developers collaborate closely with clients to ensure
optimal outcomes. Whether it's a large-scale enterprise deployment or a small-scale
software upgrade, LuminoTech leverages its Systems Analysis and Design framework to
meticulously plan, execute, and deliver projects on time and within budget. Their flexible
approach enables them to adapt to each project's unique needs and complexities,
ensuring client satisfaction and success.

Required:
1.1 Based on the above scenario, choose one (1) system analysis and design model
that is suitable for a project at LuminoTech Enterprises. (1 marks)

Suggested solution

The Spiral, and Waterfall models are two different systems analysis and design
approaches, each with its characteristics, strengths, and weaknesses. The choice of
model to use depends on LuminoTech project size, complexity, requirements volatility,
and available resources.
- Spiral model

Boston Study Guide Unit 1, pgs. 2 – 6, Textbook pg. 28

Learning Outcome:
• Understand in detail the systems development life cycle models.
• Use modeling tools to design a business system.

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 1.2 Based on the LuminoTech Enterprises scenario above, describe each of the two
models briefly, highlighting their advantages and disadvantages. (10 marks)

Notes to the grader

The answer must describe the model, with its strengths and weaknesses identified. The
student must compare the three models against each other, indicating what they have in
common and how they differ. Answers will vary. Discretion applies.

Suggested solution

The Waterfall Model

A predictive SDLC approach that follows each of the phases of the SDLC in sequential
order.
Strengths
- Defines a clear structure and is easy to understand. 
- It is well-suited for projects with stable and well-defined requirements. 
Weaknesses
- Late feedback can lead to costly errors if issues are discovered later. 
- Provides limited opportunities for user involvement after the initial requirements
phase. 

Spiral Model
It involves iterative development cycles, including planning stages, risk assessment,
engineering, and evaluation.

Strengths
- Emphasises risk assessment and management throughout the project.
- It allows for iterative refinement of requirements and solutions. 
Weaknesses
- Requires strong risk assessment and management skills.
- It may not be suitable for small projects with limited resources.

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 Boston Study Guide Unit 1, pgs. 2 – 6, Textbook pg. 28
Learning Outcome:
• Understand in detail the systems development life cycle models.
• Use modeling tools to design a business system.

Question 2 (38 marks)

Your local community knows you to be a project manager, they also know you have sound
relations with programmers. Your neighbour is a hairstylist who has over 24 years in the
beauty industry. She intends to expand her business empire by going digital through a
web application where existing and potential clients can see her work and book their hair
and spa sessions. She wants an application where clients may book hairstyles,
treatments, and compliment her services, and functionality where she can generate
receipts for work done and amount, etc.

2.1 As a project manager, provide a brief discussion about the metrics you would use to
ensure the success of a project of your neighbour’s web application. (8 marks)

Note to grader: Award a total of 2 marks per point between the metrics

Suggested Solution:

− Project metrics are used to assess the quality of an ongoing project,  and were
necessary, to modify the approach to improve the quality of the overall project. 
− Process Metrics are collected across the project over long periods of time with the
intention of providing specific process indicators that lead to long-term software
process improvement. 
− Project metrics enable the project manager to track the status and risks within a
project  on an ongoing basis with the intention of identifying any problem areas
and adjust the work tasks and resources appropriately to avoid any delays. 
− Agile process metrics focus on how agile teams make decisions and plan for the
delivery of various functionality. 

BCC Study Guide Unit 3, pages 40 - 41

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 Learning Outcome:
The student should be able to identify the functions of different metrics used in a
project.

2.2 Provide a detailed explanation with examples of how each of McCall’s Software quality
factors can be used to test your neighbor’s web application. (30 marks)

Rubric:

Quality Factors Description Example Mark allocation

(Max 30 marks)
State a quality A comprehensive Provide an example Maximum of 3
factor (1 mark) description of the of how the quality marks per quality
quality factor (1 factor can be used factor
mark) to (1 mark)

Suggested Solution:

Quality Factor Description Example

The extent to which a Specifying accuracies for
program meets its correct outputs at, say, NLT
Correctness specifications and fulfills <1% errors, that could be
the customer objectives affected by inaccurate data
or faulty calculations
The extent to which a A heart monitoring system
program performs its must have a failure rate of
Reliability intended function with less than one per million
precision and accuracy.  cases. 
The amount of computing A software system must
resources and code require utilize as few resources as
Efficiency a program to perform its possible to perform its
functions.  functionalities. 

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 The extent to which the In other words, integrity
software and data can be refers to the extent to which
Integrity controlled by unauthorised access to software or data
personnel by unauthorized persons or
programs can be
controlled. 
The effort required by users A staff member should be
to learn, operate, and use able to process a
the program.  transaction / unit time. A
Usability staff member should be
able to handle at least 60
service calls a day
The effort required to For software products,
identify and fix problems.  there are three categories
Maintainability of maintenance activities:
corrective, adaptive, and
perfective maintenance. 
The effort required to TSS (teacher support
modify the operational software) should be
program.  suitable for teachers of all
Flexibility subjects and all school
levels (elementary, junior
and high schools). 
The effort required to test To make a product
the program to ensure it testable, designers may
Testability performs as expected have to instrument a design
with functionalities not
available to the customer.

The effort required to Portability gives customers
transfer the program from an option to easily move
different infrastructure & from one execution
Portability architectural platforms.  environment to another to

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 best utilise emerging
technologies in furthering
their business. 
Reusability The extent to which the Reusability saves the cost
program parts can be and time to develop and
reused in other test the component being
applications reused. 
The effort required to The firmware of a medical
couple the system with laboratory’s equipment is
other systems required to process its
results (output) according
Interoperability to a standard data structure
that can then serve as input
for several standard
laboratory information
systems. 

Boston Study Guide Unit 3, pgs. 44

Learning Outcome:
The student should be able to identify the functions of McCall’s Quality Factors and
apply them to a familiar context.

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Question 3 (51 marks)

Isilumko Corporation, a leading provider of corporate training solutions, is gearing up to

conduct a dynamic webinar workshop for DHET staff. The process begins with the
scheduling of the workshop, with all pertinent details disseminated to potential presenters
and attendees. Simultaneously, the information is prominently displayed on both the
DHET Conference platform and on the company's official website. Prospective
participants and presenters are required to register for the workshop via the DHET
Conference system.

Upon clicking the registration link, individuals are directed to a user-friendly portal where
their details are captured. Once the information is verified, delegates proceed to the
payment portal for electronic transactions. Upon successful payment processing, a
booking confirmation is promptly issued, with all relevant data securely stored for future
reference.

Attendees calendars are automatically updated with workshop details, and an email
containing a unique conference link is dispatched. This link allows recipients to confirm
or cancel their attendance as needed. On the workshop day, participants receive a link
via email to join the webinar. Throughout the session, attendees can engage actively by
presenting their work or casting votes on pertinent resolutions.

Upon conclusion, attendees have the option to stay for the entirety of the workshop or
exit at their discretion. As they exit, users are invited to rate the experience and provide
feedback, ensuring continuous improvement in future sessions.

Required
3.1 Based on the above scenario, draw a Data Flow Diagram (DFD) for the workshop
registration process. (9 marks)

Sample Solution

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 Boston Study Guide Unit 2, pgs. 26 - 28, Textbook: Chapter 16
Learning Outcomes
• Identify and explain the key systems analysis and design models which are used
for process modelling, system modelling and data modelling

3.2 Draw an Activity Diagram for the DHET workshop registration process in the
Isilumko Booking System. (9 marks)

Sample Solution

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 BCC Study Guide Unit 4 page 44, Textbook Chapter 16, pg 181 - 184

Learning Outcomes
• Analyse and Model actual system requirements using Communication
Diagrams, Activity Diagrams, State Machine Diagram, Class Diagram,
Component and Deployment Diagrams

3.3 Based on the Isilumko scenario, draw a Sequence Diagram depicting the
workshop’s registration process. (9 marks)

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Sample Solution:

BCC Study Guide Unit 2 page 22, Textbook Chapter 14, pg 163 - 173

Learning Outcomes
• Explain the benefits of using Unified Modelling Language (UML), and describe
how modelling leads to designing a system that the business requires, and
design Use Case and Sequence Diagrams

3.4 Based on the Isilumko scenario, draw a high-level Use Case Diagram depicting
the workshop’s registration process. (8 marks)
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Sample Solution:

BCC Study Guide Unit 2 pages 31 - 33

Learning Outcomes
• Identify and Explain the key systems analysis and design models which are
used for process modelling, system modelling and data modelling

3.5 Using the Isilumko case study provided, draw a Context Diagram for the use case
diagram on 3.4 above. (8 marks)

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Sample Solution:

BCC Study Guide Unit 2 pages 28 - 29

Learning Outcomes
• Identify and Explain the key systems analysis and design models which are used
for process modelling, system modelling and data modelling

3.6 Based on the Isilumko scenario, draw a flowchart depicting the workshop’s
registration process. (8 marks)

Sample Solution:

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 BCC Study Guide Unit 2 pages 25 - 26,
Learning Outcomes
• Identify and Explain the key systems analysis and design models which are
used for process modelling, system modelling and data modelling

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