Unit 3

Basic ICT Skills

Session 1: Introduction to ICT

1. Objective of information and communication technology? Advantage and disadvantage of ICT.

Ans : Full form of ICT is information and communication technology. The goal of ICT is to bridge the gap
between parents, educators, and students by encouraging sustainable, cooperative, and transparent communication
methods.

Advantage of ICT
i. Enhanced the modes of communication
ii. Independent learning platforms Cost-efficient
iii. Enhanced data and information security
iv. Paperless – Eliminate the usage of paper
v. Better teaching and learning methods
vi. Web- based LMS tools

Disadvantage of ICT

i. Traditional book and handwritten methods are at risk

ii. Managing courses online is difficult
iii. Teachers require experience to handle ICT
iv. Risk of cyber-attacks and hacks
v. Misuse of technology

Session 2: ICT Tools: Smartphones and Tablets – 1

2. What are the default apps installed on smartphones?

Ans: Some of the default apps installed on smartphones are
Camera, Phone, Calendar, Mail, Maps, Clock, Message, Web Browser, Music, Google Play store, Apple Store
3. Differentiate between smartphone vs. Tablet.
Ans :
 Session 3: ICT Tools: Smartphones and Tablets – 2

4. What are the features of mobile devices?

Ans: Some of the features present in the mobile devices are
a. Bluetooth: Bluetooth is a wireless technology which connects with other Bluetooth devices within 30
feet; we can send photos, songs or video with the help of the Bluetooth.
b. Chargeable Battery: This is a portable power bank which can be recharged. If once the battery is
charged we can use this device anywhere.
c. Wi-Fi: Wi-Fi stands for Wireless Fidelity, basically it is a wireless network technology that connects our
device to the internet or we can connect to the local area network also.
d. Touch Screen: Touch screen is an interface where we can manage our device. Whatever information we
want to type in the device we can type using the touch screen.
e. Cellular network connectivity: It is a navigation system which helps us to find the direction of place
using a map.
5. What is the purpose of gestures in mobile devices?
Ans : Gestures help users to interact with the touchscreen. For example if we want to open an app instead of
clicking just touch the app the application will be open.
Some of the gestures in mobile phone are
a. Tap and hold: Tap and hold is similar to right- clicking on a computer.
b. Swipe: Swipe the finger to right, left, up or down on the screen, automatically the page will move to the
next page.
c. Tap: Touch the screen with our finger, once, to click.
d. Double tap: Tap the screen twice time quickly the screen will zoom, it is used to making the word appear
bigger.
e. Drag: To tap, hold and move our finger across the screen.
f. Pinch: To bring our thumb and finger together on the screen automatically the screen will be zoomed in.
It is used to making the word appear smaller.

Session 4: Parts of a Computer and Peripherals

6. What is the basic function of a Computer?

Ans: A computer is an electronic device which can accept data from the user, process the data and generate
meaningful results. Computer has three main units—
i. Input Unit
ii. Central Processing Unit (CPU)
iii. Output Unit
7. What are the different parts of the CPU?
Ans: A computer is made up multiple parts that work together to perform the processing and effective
functioning of the computer.
The CPU performs all the basic arithmetic and logical operations of the computer.
There are three main components of a CPU (Central Processing Unit)
1. Arithmetic and Logic Unit (ALU)
2. Control Unit (CU)
3. Memory Unit (MU)
i. Arithmetic and Logic Unit (ALU) : Arithmetic and logical unit performs all arithmetic and
logical operations. For example – subtraction, addition, division and multiplication.
ii. Control Unit (CU) : Control Unit instructs the computer system to perform a particular task. It
takes instructions from memory and executes them.
iii. Memory Unit (MU) : Memory Unit used to store data or instruction. There are two type of
memory unit
Primary Memory -- Primary memory is also known as main memory. This memory is
directly accessed by the microprocessor. Primary memory has two types: RAM and ROM
a. RAM: RAM stands for Random Access Memory, it is short term memory, Ram
is also known as Volatile memory and it stores data temporarily.
 b. ROM: ROM stands for Read Only Memory it is long term memory, ROM
stores the data permanently.
Secondary Memory -- The device which is used to store data permanently with the help of
external devices in known as Secondary memory.
Example – Hard Disk, Flash drive, External drive etc.
8. What is Motherboard?
Ans: A motherboard provides connectivity between the hardware components of a computer. It is also 0the
backbone of the computer –and shares the information between them. It is a main circuit board inside a computer
that connects input, processing and output devices.
9. How is the data measured in the computer?
Ans: In the memory devices data is stored in the form of bits and bytes. Bit is the smallest unit which represents 0
or 1. Combination of eight bits makes a one byte. Which store the numerical, letters or symbols value in the
memory.
1 Bit = Binary Digit
8 Bits = 1 Byte
1o24 Bytes = 1 Kilobyte
1024 Bytes= 1 Megabyte
1024 MB = 1 Gigabyte
1024 GB= 1 Terabyte
1024 TB = 1 Petabyte
1024 PB = 1 Exabyte
1024 EB = 1 Zettabyte
1024 ZB = 1 Yottabyte
1024 YB = 1 Brontobyte
1024 BB = 1 Geopbyte
10. Where are the different ports in the computer system?
Ans: A port is a physical docking point using which an external device can be connected to the computer. We can
connect our keyboard, mouse, printer, and scanner through the port
There are several types of ports that we can use to connect a computer to external devices.
a. Universal serial bus or the USB port– USB port is used to transfer data; it also works as an interface
for peripheral devices. It connects, such as a mouse or a keyboard or a printer to a computer using the
cable.
b. Display port – Separate video connector is used for transmitting only video signals. Display port
connects the monitor to the display unit. Different types of video connector are available, like High
Definition Multimedia Interface (HDMI) and Video Graphics Array depending on the requirement.
c. Audio ports-- Audio ports are used to connect speakers or other audio devices with the computer. Like
headphones, speakers or microphone port is known as line in port.
d. Ethernet– Ethernet port is used for connecting computers to the network, with the Ethernet port we can
transfer data from one computer to another or we can transfer high speed internet.
e. Power port – Power port is used for connecting the computer system to the power supply.

Session 5 : Basic Computer Operation

11. Difference between Hardware and Software?

12. In computer system, what is the function of the BIOS?
Ans: BIOS stands for Basic input/output System, Computer automatically runs a basic program called BIOS as
soon as it is switched on or the power button is pushed on.
The BIOS first does a self-test. If the Self-test shows that the computer is fine, the BIOS will load the
Operation System.
13. What are the different types of keys in keyboard?
Ans:
a. Function keys- F1 to F2 are the function keys in the keyboard, function keys are used for specific
purposes.
 b. Control keys – SHIFT, CONTROL (CTRL), ALT, SPACEBAR, TAB and CAPS LOCK are known as a
control key, these keys are used as per the demand.
c. Enter key – ENTER or RETURN keys are known as Enter key, depending on the brand of computer
that we are using.
d. Punctuation keys- It includes keys for punctuation marks, such as colon (, semicolon (;), question
mark (?), single quotation marks (‗‘), and double quotation marks (―‖).
e. Navigation keys- END, HOME, PAGE DOWN, PAGE UP and Arrow keys are known as navigation
keys, the keys are used to move up, down, left, or right in the document.
f. Command keys—BACKSPACE, INSERT (INS) and DELET (DEL) are known as command keys.
INSERT key and BACKSPACE key are used to remove typed text, character, or any other object from
the right and left side of the cursor.
g. Windows key—Windows key is used to open the Start menu.

Session 6: Performing Basic File Operation

14. What are files and folder in a computer system?

Ans:
a) FILE: File is a collection of information. Different typed of files store different types of information.
Every file has a file name and extension that identifies the type of file.
b) FOLDER: Folder is a collection of files or a group of files.

Session 7: Communication and Networking-Basic of Internet

15. What is Bandwidth?

Ans: Bandwidth is the amount of data that can be transferred or received every second. And it is measured by bps
(Bite per second).
For example, in the water pipe the amount of water transmitted in a certain time is known as bandwidth. The
maximum amount of water that can flow through 0the pipe is maximum bandwidth. Similarly, the amount of data
that can be sent or received in the network depends on the bandwidth.
Bits per seconds are the unit of measurement for bandwidth (bps) in computer networks and in analog devices it
is measured as a cycle per second.
Data transfer speed measured by the bits per second.
1 Kbps (kilobits per second) = 1,000 bits per second
1 Mbps (megabits per second)= 1,000 kilobits per second
1 Gbps (gigabits per second)= 1,000 megabits per second

Session 8: Communication and Networking – Internet Browsing

16. What is the World Wide Web?

Ans: WWW stands for World Wide Web, it is also known as a Web. Web is a collection of websites and a
website is a collection of web pages. All websites and webpages are stored in the web server. The Web is a vast
network interlinked with each other.
It is made up of
A web page
A web browser
A system to transfer information between the web browser and the web pages

Session 9: Communication and Networking Introduction to Email

17. What is email?

Ans: An electronic communication invented in the 1970s to do communication faster, Email is fast and easy to
use and it can be sent to multiple people at the same time, Email containing videos, documents, spreadsheets etc.
can be sent along with the email as attachments.
 Session 10: Communication and Networking creation an email account

18. Differentiate type of email provider?

Ans: If we want to create an email account, we can follow any one of the provider
i. Gmail (run by Google)
ii. Yahoo mail (run by Yahoo)
iii. Outlook mail (run by Microsoft)

Session 11: Communication and Networking-Writing an email

19. Differentiate between CC and BCC ?

Ans:
CC – When we want the email list to be visible to all recipients, and we want to include all the recipients.

BCC – When we want to include additional recipients but don‘t want the recipient to know who else is receiving
the email.
20. What are the different types of folders in email?
Ans: There are different folders that could help us to manage and organize our emails.
a. Inbox - By default email is received in the inbox.
b. Send - Send folder store emails that we have sent to other peoples.
c. Drafts - When we are writing an email and we have not sent the email to any other user, that time email
will be stored in the draft by default.
d. Trash - Trash holds delete email from the inbox. To delete an email, we select an email and then click on
the Delete button for it to be moved from inbox to trash folder

Session 12: Communication and Networking-Receiving and Replying to email

21. In email, what is the difference between respond and forward?

Ans:
Reply – Replying to an email means that we are answering the mail we have got.
Forward – Forwarding an email is sending the mail to someone else the way we have got.