ELECTRICAL TECHNICAL DRAWING
1.1.1.8. STARTING METHODS FOR A TWO OR THREE SPEEDS SQUIRREL
CAGE INDUCTION MOTOR.
1.1.4.1. Pole-changing motors
Pole-changing motors are also known as Dahlander or Part winding.
Switching condition for a Dahlander motor
When the mains is connected to terminals 1U, 1V and 1W the motor rotates at low
speed. By connecting the mains to terminals 2U, 2V and 2W and connecting
terminals 1U, 1V and 1W with a star bridge the motor runs at high speed.
A Dahlander circuit operating in clockwise rotation is produced according to the
switching conditions provided above for the main circuit.
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Three-way pushbutton
I: Low speed (KM2)
0: Stop
II: high speed (KM1 + KM3)
KM2: Mains contactor, low speed
KM3: Star contactor
KM1: Mains contactor, high speed
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Function
Pushbutton I energizes mains contactor KM2 (low speed). KM2 maintains
itself via its
N/O 13-14. Pushbutton II energizes star contactor KM3 and via its N/O 13-14
mains contactor KM1. KM1 and KM3 maintain themselves via N/O 13-14 of
KM1.
Speed can be changed either after pressing pushbutton 0 (connection A) or
directly by pressing the appropriate pushbutton (connection C), depending
upon the circuit. The motor can be switched off either by pressing
pushbutton 0, or in the event of an overload, by N/O 13-14 of the circuit-
breaker.
Tapped winding, 1 operating direction, 2 speeds
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Multi-speed contactor
Star-delta startup at low speed
Fuseless
Without overload relay
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Connection
Low speed selected
Onlyf rom off position, high speed only via low speed without actuation of the
Stop button.
Three-way pushbutton
I: Low speed (KM2, KM4)
0: Stop
II: High speed (KM1,KM4, KM3)
KM2: Mains contactor, low speed
K3: Timing relays
KM3: Star contactor
KM4: Delta contactor
KM1: Mains contactor, high speed
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Function
Actuation of pushbutton I energizes the coil of star contactor KM3. Its N/O 13-
14 energizes the coil of contactor KM2. The motor runs in star at low speed.
The contactors are maintained via auxiliary contact KM2/13-14. At the same
time, timing relay K3 is triggered. When the set time has elapsed, K3/15-16
opens the circuit of KM3. KM3 drops out, the coil of delta contactor KM4 is
energized and maintains itself via KM4/13-14. The timing relay is de-
energized via N/C KM4/32-31.
The motor runs in delta at low speed. Actuation of pushbutton II de-energizes
the coil of KM2 and via KM2/22-21 energizes the coil of KM1. This state is
maintained by
KM1/43-44: The coil of star contactor KM3 is re-energized by normally open
contact
KM1/14-13. The motor runs at high speed. Pushbutton 0 (= Stop) executes
disconnection.
Tapped winding, 2 operating directions, 2 speeds (direction
preselected)
Multi-speed contactors
Overload relays F2 and
F21 are not used on
multi-speed contactors
without motor protection.
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Function
Contactor KM1 is energized by pressing pushbutton I. Contactor KM1 selects
the operating direction, and maintains itself after release of pushbutton I via
its auxiliary contact 14-13 and pushbutton 0. Speed-selection buttons III and
IV are made operative by KM1/44-43. Pushbutton III energizes KM3, which
maintains itself via its contact 14-13. Pushbutton IV energizes high speed
contactors KM5 and KM4. Auxiliary contact
KM4/21-22 makes low-speed pushbutton III inoperative. Pushbutton 0 must
be pressed before any change in speed or direction.
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1.1.4.2. Separate windings
Multi-speed switch for three-phase motors
2 separate windings, an operating direction, 2 speeds
Multi-speed contactor , fuseless without overload relay
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2 separate windings, an operating direction, 2 speeds
Multi-speed contactor with fuses and
overload relay
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Operating principle
Actuation of pushbutton I energizes the coil of contactor KM1. KM1 switches
on the low speed of the motor and after pushbutton I is released, maintains
itself via its auxiliary contact 13-14 and pushbutton 0. Speed can be changed
either after pressing pushbutton 0, or directly by pressing the appropriate
pushbutton, depending upon the connection. The motor is switched off either
by pressing pushbutton 0, or in the event of an overload, by normally closed
contact 95-96 of overload relays F2 and F21.
2 SEPARATE WINDINGS, TWO OPERATING DIRECTIONS, 2 SPEEDS
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