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Excel Spreadsheets

The document provides an introduction to using Excel, explaining how to enter data into cells and perform basic mathematical operations. It also describes how to create graphs by inputting data, selecting chart types, and adjusting parameters such as axis scales and trend lines. Additionally, it highlights the importance of the R-squared value in assessing the fit of data in calibration graphs.

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Jeanfred Dela Cerna Amamangpang
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13 views5 pages

Excel Spreadsheets

The document provides an introduction to using Excel, explaining how to enter data into cells and perform basic mathematical operations. It also describes how to create graphs by inputting data, selecting chart types, and adjusting parameters such as axis scales and trend lines. Additionally, it highlights the importance of the R-squared value in assessing the fit of data in calibration graphs.

Uploaded by

Jeanfred Dela Cerna Amamangpang
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Introduction

When you open Excel you will see a spreadsheet with alphabetically labeled columns and numerically
labeled rows. This means that each cell in the spreadsheet has a unique alphanumeric label call “cell”.

You can enter data into each cell, in either alphabetic or numeric form, by simply typing whatever you
need into each cell. You can move from cell to cell using the Enter key (down one cell) or Tab (across
one cell) after you type in your entry. The number of decimal places displayed in the data can be
changed by highlighting the data, selecting “cells” under the format menu, and choosing the “number”
tab and you will see display that allows you to select the decimal places. This is especially useful for
displaying calculation results with the correct number of significant figures.
Basic Math:

Once you have your data in the columns, you need to be able to use simple expressions to manipulate
the data. A mathmatical equation in Excel is always preceded by an equal sign “=”.

Combinations of mathmatical operations and more complex expressions cab be entered using
prantheses between operations. For example:
.
1(0.08206 )(273 )
V= = .
= 22.4L, would be calculated as shown below:
1

If you want a value to remain constant and not change as you copy values down a column, this can be
done by simply placing a $ in front of the number and letter of the cell containing the value you do not
want to change. For example, if cell E2 contains a constant in your formula, enter it as $E$2.
Graphing:

General information

In order to create a graph in Excel, first input the data you want to graph with the x values in the
column on the left and the y values in the column to its right.

Highlight the columns you wish to graph, use the insert from the toolbar and select charts, then select
the type of graph you want to make. Most graphs for laboratories will be XY scatter plots.
Once you select the graph,
you can add some parameters
like a title for X and Y axis,
gridlines and the overall title
for the graph by pressing on
the (+) sign beside the graph:

To adjust the scale so


that your data points
fill the graph
completely, double-
click on the axis you
want to adjust and
change the maximum
or minimum values as
needed.

In order to add a trend line, right click on one of the data points in the line and select from the box
“Add trendline”, then select the type of your line.
You can also
choose to display
the slope and
equation of the line
to your graph. The
R- squared value is
a statistical
measure of how
well your data fits
the y = mx + b
equation. A value
very close to (1)
indicates a good fit.
This value is often
displayed to verify
the credibility of
the data and the
graph. This graph
is called The
Calbration
Graph and it is one of the common type of graphs used for data analysis. It is a
graphic representation of standard reference data used to calibrate some variable
in an unknown sample.

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