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Designation: A109/A109M − 15

StandardSpecification for
Steel, Strip, Carbon (0.25 Maximum Percent), Cold-Rolled1
This standard is issued under the fixed designation A109/A109M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.

1. Scope* 1.6 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units

1.1 This specification covers cold-rolled carbon steel strip in are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in
cut lengths or coils, furnished to closer tolerances than cold- each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each
rolled carbon steel sheet, with specific temper, with specific system shall be used independently of the other. Combining
edge or specific finish, and in sizes as follows: values from the two systems may result in non-conformance
with the standard.
Width, in. Thickness, in.
1.7 This specification is expressed in both inch-pound units
Over 1⁄2 to 2315⁄16 0.300 and under
Over 12.5 to 600 mm 7.6 mm and under
and SI units. However, unless the order specifies the applicable
“M” specification designation (SI units), the material shall be
1.2 Cold-rolled strip is produced with a maximum specified furnished to inch-pound units.
carbon not exceeding 0.25 percent.
2. Referenced Documents
iTeh Standards
1.3 Strip tolerance products may be available in widths
wider than 2315⁄16 in. [600 mm] by agreement between pur- 2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
chaser and supplier. However, such products are technically
A370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing
(https://standards.iteh.ai)
classified as cold rolled sheet. The tolerances, finishes,of Steel Products
tempers, edges, and available widths and thicknesses differen-
A568/A568M Specification for Steel, Sheet, Carbon,

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tiate cold rolled strip from the product known as cold rolled
Structural, and High-Strength, Low-Alloy, Hot-Rolled and
sheet which is defined by Specification A568/A568M and from
Cold-Rolled, General Requirements for
cold rolled high carbon strip which is defined by Specification A682/A682M Specification for Steel, Strip, High-Carbon,
A682/A682M. Cold-Rolled, General Requirements For (Withdrawn
ASTM A109/A109M-15
2009) 3
1.4 For the purpose of determining conformance with this
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specification, values shall be rounded to the nearest unit in the A700 Guide for Packaging, Marking, and Loading Methods
right hand place of figures used in expressing the limiting for Steel Products for Shipment
values in accordance with the rounding method of Practice A751 Test Methods, Practices, and Terminology for Chemi-
E29. cal Analysis of Steel Products
A941 Terminology Relating to Steel, Stainless Steel, Related
1.5 The SI portions of the tables contained herein list Alloys, and Ferroalloys
permissible variations in dimensions and mass (see Note 1) in A1073/A1073M Practice for Using Hand Micrometers to
SI (metric) units. The values listed are not exact conversions of Measure the Thickness of Nonmetallic and Metallic-
the values listed in the inch-pound tables, but instead are Coated Steel Sheet
rounded or rationalized values. Conformance to SI tolerances E8 Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic Materials
is mandatory when the “M” specification is used. E29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to
NOTE 1—The term weight is used when inch-pound units are the Determine Conformance with Specifications
standard. However, under SI the preferred term is mass. E430 Test Methods for Measurement of Gloss of High-Gloss

1 2
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel, For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee contact ASTM Customer Service at [email protected]. For Annual Book of ASTM
A01.19 on Steel Sheet and Strip. Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2015. Published November 2015. Originally the ASTM website.
3
approved in 1926. Last previous edition approved in 2014 as A109/A109M – 14. The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
DOI: 10.1520/A0109_A0109M-15. www.astm.org.

*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard

Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States

1
 A109/A109M − 15
Surfaces by Abridged Goniophotometry 3.1.7 skin-rolled—a term denoting a relatively light cold
2.2 Military Standard: rolling operation following annealing. It serves to reduce the
MIL-STD-129 Marking for Shipment and Storage4 tendency of the steel to flute or stretcher strain during fabrica-
2.3 Federal Standard: tion. It is also used to impart surface finish, or affect hardness
123 Marking for Shipments (Civil Agencies)4 or other mechanical properties, or to improve flatness.
183 Continuous Identification Marking of Iron and Steel 3.1.8 temper—a designation by number to indicate the
Products4 hardness as a minimum, as a maximum, or as a range. The
tempers are obtained by the selection and control of chemical
3. Terminology
composition, by amounts of cold reduction, by thermal
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard: treatment, and by skin-rolling.
3.1.1 annealing—the process of heating to and holding at a
3.2 Refer to Terminology A941 for additional definitions of
suitable temperature and then cooling at a suitable rate, for
terms used in this Specification.
such purposes as reducing hardness, facilitating cold working,
producing a desired microstructure, or obtaining desired 4. Ordering Information
mechanical, physical, or other properties.
4.1 Orders for material to this specification shall include the
3.1.1.1 box annealing—involves annealing in a sealed con-
following information, as necessary, to describe adequately the
tainer under conditions that minimize oxidation. The strip is
desired product:
usually heated slowly to a temperature below the transforma-
4.1.1 Quantity,
tion range, but sometimes above or within it, and is then cooled
4.1.2 Name of material (cold-rolled carbon steel strip),
slowly.
4.1.3 Condition (oiled or not oiled),
3.1.1.2 continuous annealing—involves heating the strip in 4.1.4 Temper (Section 7),
continuous strands through a furnace having a controlled 4.1.5 Edge (Section 8),
atmosphere followed by a controlled cooling. 4.1.6 Dimensions (Section 9),
3.1.2 carbon steel—the designation for steel when no mini- 4.1.7 Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance (Section 10),

iTeh Standards
mum content is specified or required for aluminum, chromium,
cobalt, columbium, molybdenum, nickel, titanium, tungsten,
4.1.8 Coil size requirements (15.2),
4.1.9 ASTM designation and year of issue,
4.1.10 Copper-bearing steel, if required,
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vanadium, zirconium or any other element added to obtain a
desired alloying effect; when the specified minimum for copper 4.1.11 Application (part identification or description),
does not exceed 0.40 % or when the maximum content 4.1.12 Cast or heat analysis (request, if required), and
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specified for any of the following elements does not exceed the
percentage noted: manganese 1.65, silicon 0.60, or copper
4.1.13 Special requirements, if required.
NOTE 2—A typical ordering description is as follows: 20 000 lb
0.60. Cold-Rolled Strip, Oiled, Temper 4, Edge 3, Finish 3, 0.035 by 9 in. by
3.1.2.1 Discussion—In all carbon steels small quantities of coil, 5000 lb max, 16-in. ID ASTM A 109-XX, for Toaster Shells.
ASTM A109/A109M-15
certain residual elements unavoidably retained from raw ma-
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terials are sometimes found which are not specified or required, 5. Materials and Manufacture
such as copper, nickel, molybdenum, chromium, and so forth. 5.1 The steel shall be made by the open-hearth, basic-
These elements are considered as incidental and are not oxygen, or electric-furnace process.
normally reported.
5.2 Cold-rolled carbon steel strip is normally manufactured
3.1.3 cold reduction—the process of reducing the thickness from continuously cast steel with aluminum used as the
of the strip at room temperature. The amount of reduction is deoxidizer. However, some applications are specified as silicon
greater than that used in skin-rolling (see 3.1.7). killed. Ingot cast rimmed, capped and semi-killed steels are
3.1.4 dead soft—the temper of strip produced without defi- subject to limited availability.
nite control of stretcher straining or fluting. It is intended for 5.3 Cold-rolled carbon steel strip is manufactured from
deep drawing applications where such surface disturbances are hot-rolled descaled coils by cold reducing to the desired
not objectionable. thickness on a single stand mill or on a tandem mill consisting
3.1.5 finish—the degree of smoothness or luster of the strip. of several single stands in series. Sometimes an anneal is used
The production of specific finishes requires special preparation at some intermediate thickness to facilitate further cold reduc-
and control of the roll surfaces employed. tion or to obtain desired temper and mechanical properties in
3.1.6 normalizing—heating to a suitable temperature above the finished strip. An anneal and skin pass is typically used as
the transformation range and then cooling in air to a tempera- the final step for Temper 4 and 5.
ture substantially below the transformation range. In bright
normalizing the furnace atmosphere is controlled to prevent 6. Chemical Composition
oxidizing of the strip surface. 6.1 Heat Analysis—An analysis for each heat of steel shall
be made by the manufacturer to determine the percentage of
4
elements shown in Table 1. This analysis shall conform to the
Available from Standardization Documents Order Desk, DODSSP, Bldg. 4,
Section D, 700 Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5098, http:// requirements shown in Table 1. When requested, heat analysis
quicksearch.dla.mil. shall be reported to purchaser or his representative.

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 A109/A109M − 15
TABLE 1 Heat Analysis A 6.4 For applications where cold-rolled strip is to be welded,
Composition– Wt % care must be exercised in selection of chemical composition, as
Element
Temper No. Temper No. well as mechanical properties, for compatibility with the
1, 2, 3 4, 5
welding process and its effect on altering the properties.
Carbon, max 0.25 0.15 7. Temper and Bend Test Requirement
Manganese, max 0.90 0.60
Phosphorous, max 0.025 0.025 7.1 Cold-rolled carbon strip specified to temper numbers
Sulfur, max 0.025 0.025
SiliconA ... ...
shall conform to the Rockwell hardness requirements shown in
AluminumA,B ... ... Table 3.
CopperC 0.20 0.20 7.1.1 When a temper number is not specified, Rockwell
Nickel, maxD 0.20 0.20
Chromium, maxD, E 0.15 0.15
hardness requirements are established by agreement.
Molybdenum, maxD 0.06 0.06 7.2 It is recommended that hardness values be specified in
VanadiumF ... ...
ColumbiumF ... ... the same scale as that which will be used in testing the strip.
TitaniumF ... ...
7.3 Bend tests shall be conducted at room temperature and
A
Where an ellipsis (. . .) appears in this table, there is no requirement, but the test specimens shall be capable of being bent to the require-
analysis shall be reported unless otherwise specified in this specification.
B
The analysis shall be reported. When killed steel is specified and aluminum is the ments shown in Table 4.
deoxidizing element, the minimum is 0.02, and the analysis shall be reported.
C
When copper steel is specified, the copper limit specified is a minimum TABLE 3 Hardness Requirements
requirement. When copper steel is not specified, the copper limit is a maximum
requirement. INCH-POUND UNITS
D
The sum of copper, nickel, chromium, and molybdenum shall not exceed 0.50 % Thickness, in. Rockwell Hardness
on heat analysis. When one or more of these elements is specified, the sum does Temper Maximum
not apply; in which case, only the individual limits on the remaining elements will Under Through Minimum (approx.)
apply. No. 1 (hard) 0.025 ... 15T90 ...
E
Chromium is permitted, at the producer’s option, to 0.25 % maximum when the 0.040 0.025 30T76 ...
carbon is less than or equal to 0.05 %. In such case, the limit on the sum of the four 0.070 0.040 B90.0 ...
elements in Footnote D does not apply. 0.300 0.070 B84.0 . ..

iTeh Standards
F
Reporting shall be required when the level for any of these elements exceeds
0.008 wt%. No. 2A (half-hard) 0.025 ... 15T83.5 15T88.5
0.040 0.025 30T63.5 30T73.5

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0.300 0.040 B70.0 B85

No. 3A (quarter-hard) 0.025 ... 15T80 15T85

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6.2 Product, Check, or Verification Analysis may be made 0.040 0.025 30T56.5 30T67
0.300 0.040 B60 B75
by the purchaser on the finished material.
6.2.1 Capped or rimmed steels are not technologically No. 4A,B (skin-rolled) 0.025 ... ... 15T82
suited to product analysis due to the nonuniform character of 0.040 0.025 ... 30T60
their chemical composition and therefore, theASTM A109/A109M-15
tolerances in 0.300 0.040 ... B65

Table 2 do not apply. Product analysis is appropriate on these

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No. 5A,B (dead-soft) 0.025 ... .... 15T78.5
types of steel only when misapplication is apparent or for 0.040 0.025 ... 30T53
0.300 0.040 ... B55
copper when copper steel is specified. SI UNITS
6.2.2 For steels other than rimmed or capped, when product Thickness, mm Rockwell Hardness
analysis is made by the purchaser, the chemical analysis shall Temper
Maximun
Under Through Minimum (approx.)
not vary from the limits specified by more than the amounts in No. 1 (hard) 0.6 ... 15T90 ...
Table 2. The several determinations of any element shall not 1.0 0.6 30T76 ...
vary both above and below the specified range. 1.8 1.0 B90.0 ...
7.6 1.8 B84.0 ...
6.3 For referee purposes, if required, Test Methods,
A
Practices, and Terminology A751 shall be used. No. 2 (half-hard) 0.6 ... 15T83.5 15T88.5
1.0 0.6 30T63.5 30T73.5
7.6 1.0 B70.0 B85

TABLE 2 Tolerances for Product Analysis No. 3A (quarter-hard) 0.6 ... 15T80 15T85
1.0 0.6 30T56 30T67
Tolerance 7.6 1.0 B60 B75
Limit or Maximum Over
Under Maxi- No. 4A,B (skin-rolled) 0.6 ... ... 15T82
Element of Specified Ele-
Minimum mum 1.0 0.6 ... 30T60
ment %
Limit Limit 7.6 1.0 ... B65

No. 5A,B (dead-soft) 0.6 ... ... 15T78.5

1.0 0.6 ... 30T53
Carbon to 0.15, incl 0.02 0.03
7.6 1.0 ... B55
over 0.15 to 0.25, incl 0.03 0.04
A
Manganese to 0.60, incl 0.03 0.03 Rockwell hardness values apply at time of shipment. Aging may cause slightly
Phosphorus ... 0.01 higher values when tested at a later date.
B
Sulfur ... 0.01 Where No. 4 and 5 tempers are ordered with a carbon range of 0.15 to 0.25 %,
Copper 0.02 ... the maximum hardness requirement is established by agreement.

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 A109/A109M − 15
TABLE 4 Bend Test Requirement 8.1.3 Number 3 Edge is an approximately square edge,
NOTE 1—Test specimens shall be capable of being bent as specified produced by slitting, on which the burr is not eliminated.
above without cracking on the outside of the bent portion. (See applicable Normal coiling or piling does not necessarily provide a definite
figure in Test Methods and Definitions A370.) positioning of the slitting burr.
Temper Bend Test Requirement 8.1.4 Number 4 Edge is a rounded edge produced by edge
rolling either the natural edge of hot-rolled strip or slit-edge
No. 1 (hard) Not required to make bends in any direction.
No. 2 (half-hard) Bend 90° transverse around a radius equal to that
strip. This edge is produced when the width tolerance and edge
of the thickness. condition are not as exacting as for No. 1 edge.
No. 3 (quarter-hard) Bend 180° transverse over one thickness of the 8.1.5 Number 5 Edge is an approximately square edge
strip and 90° longitudinal around a radius equal
to the thickness.
produced from slit-edge material on which the burr is elimi-
No. 4 (skin-rolled) Bend flat upon itself in any direction. nated usually by rolling or filing.
No. 5 (dead-soft) Bend flat upon itself in any direction. 8.1.6 Number 6 Edge is a square edge produced by edge
rolling the natural edge of hot-rolled strip or slit-edge strip.
This edge is produced when the width tolerance and edge
condition are not as exacting as for No. 1 edge.
7.4 All mechanical tests are to be conducted in accordance 8.1.7 Skived Edges are custom shaped edges produced by
with Test Methods and Definitions A370. mechanical edge shaving with special tooling.

8. Edge 9. Dimensional Tolerances

8.1 The desired edge number shall be specified as follows: 9.1 The dimensional tolerances shall be in accordance with
8.1.1 Number 1 Edge is a prepared edge of a specified Tables 5-11 as follows:
contour (round or square), which is produced when a very Tolerances for Table Number
accurate width is required or when an edge condition suitable
for electroplating is required, or both. Thickness, in. 5
Width, in. 6,7,8

processing of the edge.

iTeh Standards
8.1.2 Number 2 Edge is a natural mill edge carried through
the cold rolling from the hot-rolled strip without additional
Length, in.
Camber, in.
Flatness, in.
9
10
11

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TABLE 5 Thickness Tolerances of Cold-Rolled Carbon Steel StripA,B,C
Cold-Rolled Carbon Strip Steel Including High-Carbon Strip Steel
Inch-Pound Units (in.)

Nominal
ASTM
Over ⁄ to
A109/A109M-15
Thickness Tolerances (Plus or Minus, in.)
12
12 to less
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Gage
(in.)
less than
12 wide
than 18
18 to 23 ⁄ 15 16

0.251 - 0.300 0.0030 0.0035 0.0040

0.160 - 0.250 0.0025 0.0032 0.0036
0.125 - 0.1599 0.0022 0.0028 0.0032
0.070 - 0.1249 0.0018 0.0022 0.0028
0.040 - 0.0699 0.0014 0.0018 0.0024
0.030 - 0.0399 0.0012 0.0015 0.0020
0.020 - 0..0299 0.0010 0.0013 0.0015
0.015 - 0.0199 0.0008 0.0010 0.0012
0.010 - 0.0149 0.0005 0.0008 0.0010
<0.010 0.0003 0.0006 0.0008
SI Units (mm)
Thickness Tolerances (Plus and Minus, mm)
Nominal Over 12.7 to
Gage less than 300 to less
(mm) 300 than 450 450 to 600
6.40 - 7.50 0.080 0.090 0.100
4.00 - 6.39 0.065 0.080 0.090
3.20 - 3.99 0.055 0.070 0.080
1.80 - 3.19 0.045 0.055 0.070
1.00 - 1.79 0.035 0.045 0.060
0.75 - 0.99 0.030 0.035 0.050
0.50 - 0.74 0.025 0.030 0.040
0.38 - 0.49 0.020 0.025 0.030
0.25 - 0.37 0.013 0.020 0.025
<0.25 0.007 0.015 0.020
A
Measured 3⁄8 in. or more in from edge; and on narrower than 1 in., at any place between edges.
B
Measured 10 mm or more in from edge; and on narrower than 25 mm, at any place between edges.
C
Number 3 edge strip with thickness tolerance guaranteed at less than 3⁄8 in. [10 mm] from the slit edge is available by agreement between the consumer and the strip
manufacturer.