Semester VI
IL 312: Legal Language
UNIT -I Characteristics of Legal Language
a. Meaning of Legal Language
b. Scope and Domain of Legal Language
c. Problems of Legal Language
d. Problems of Legal Language in Drafting
UNIT –II Legal Terminology
o Ad hoc, Ad interim, Animo attestandi, Alibi, Ad valorem, Ambiguities– patent,
Ambiguities – latents, Amicus Curiae, Animus possidenti, Bona Fide(s), Corpus juris
civilis, Caveat emptor, De facto, De jure, Detenu, En masse, Ex officio, Ex-cathedra,
Ex-parte, Ex-gratia, En-route, Enslegis, Ex post facto, Factum valent, In pari delicto,
In pari material, In lieu of, In personam, In rem, Inter se, Impasse, In situ, Inter alia,
In toto, Ipso facto, Intra vires, Jure Divino, Jus in rem, Jus ad rem, Jus tertii, Jus in re
aliena, Jus in re propria, Jus gentium, Jus natural, Laissez faire, Legalis homo, Lex
loci, Locus standi, Magnum bonum, Magnum opus, Mala fides, Modus operandi,
Mutatis and mutandis, Note bene, Novus homo, Onus probandi, Obiter dictum, Prima
facie, Quid pro quo, Res integra, Res nullius, Sine qua non, Socius criminis, Sans,
Status quo, Suo motu, Ultra vires, Vox populi vox dei.
UNIT -III – Legal Maxims
i. Actus dei nemini facit injuriam
ii. Actus non facit reum nisi mens sit rea
iii. Actus personalis moritur cum persona
iv. Audi alteram partem
v. Communis error facit jus
vi. Damnum sine injuria
vii. Delegates non potest delegare
viii. Ex turpi causa non oritur action
ix. Falsus in unofalius in omnibus
x. Generalia specialibus non derogant
xi. Ignorantia facit excusat ignorantia juris non excusat
xii. Injuria sine damno
xiii. Nemodat quod non habet
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xiv. Novus actusi nterveniens or nova causa interveniens
xv. Noscitur a sociis
xvi. Par in partem imperium non habet
xvii. Qui facit per aliumfacit per se
xviii. Respondeat superior
xix. Res ipsa loquitor
xx. Res non potestpeccare
xxi. Ubi jus ibi idem remedium
xxii. Vigilantibuset non domientibus, jurasubveniunt
xxiii. Volenti non fit injura
UNIT –IV Fundamental Principles of Legal Writing
a. Concision, clarity and cogency
b. Simplicity of structure
c. Title
d. Heading
e. Use of italics
f. Numbers
g. Definition of terms
h. Contractions
i. Use of first person
j. Ellipses & alterations
k. Citations, references and foot notes
Suggested Readings:
1. Legal Language – Dr.Madabhishi Sridhar
2. Legal Language and Legal Writing – S. K. Mishra
3. Legal Language, Legal writing and general English – Prof.Dr. Saria Gupta and B.
P. Agrawal
4. Outline of Legal language in India – Dr.AnirudhPrashad
5. Legal Language and Legal rights – S. N. Mishra
6. Legal language and Legal rights – Tandon
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