Question Bank (2022 – 23)
Std – 6
Geography
2nd Term
Chapter – 3 Water Bodies
Text Questions:
3. Differentiate between:
(a) Marginal sea and inland
sea Ans.
Marginal Sea Inland Sea
A marginal sea is a division of an Large lakes in continental areas
ocean, partially closed by are termed as inland seas. They
islands, archipelagos or are shallow seas that cover
peninsulas, adjacent to or central area of continents during
widely open to the open ocean periods of high sea level.
at the surface.
(b) Ocean and
sea Ans.
Ocean Sea
An ocean is a vast and a A sea is a large body of saltwater
continuous frame of salty water that is surrounded in whole or
that accounts for 71% of the part by land.
earth’s surface.
(c) Arctic Ocean and Southern
Ocean Ans.
Arctic Ocean Southern Ocean
Arctic Ocean is the smallest of Southern Ocean surrounds
all oceans, situated around the the continent of Antarctica in
North pole and remains the Southern Hemisphere and
perpetually frozen. is
larger than Arctic Ocean.
4. Answer in brief:
(a) What do you mean by water cycle? Explain with the help of
a neat diagram.
A. Water cycle is the continuous interchange of water between
the Ocean’s atmosphere and land. It is the single process
through which all the three realms of the earth are connected.
(b) State two characteristic features of the Atlantic Ocean.
A. Two characteristic features of the Atlantic Ocean are:
It is the second largest ocean of the world.
Atlantic Ocean occupies an elongated S – shaped basin,
extending longitudinally.
(c) What is the importance of oceans?
A. The importance of oceans are:
Source of water: An ocean is a major source of water
to mankind through the water cycle.
Food Resources: The oceans are the biggest storehouse of
edible forms of marine food.
(d) What are marginal seas? Name two marginal seas.
A. A marginal sea is a division of an ocean, partially closed by
islands, archipelagos or peninsulas, adjacent to or widely open
to the open ocean at the surface. Ex – Bering Sea, Caribbean
Sea.
(e) Explain two causes of pollution of water bodies with examples.
A. The main causes of pollution of water bodies are:
Agricultural Waste: Pesticides from agricultural run off,
metals and processed chemicals are sources of many
organic and inorganic pollutants in surface water.
Oil spills: Waste oil from city drains, tankers and leakage from
oil wells cause the oil to seep into the sea and pollute the
water.
5. Give Reasons:
(a) Southern Ocean is not navigable.
A. This is so because it remains frozen for most parts of the year.
(b) Atlantic Ocean is a great commercial highway.
A. This is so because most of the world’s great ports lie on its
coasts.
Extra Questions:
1. Compare the Pacific Ocean and the Atlantic Ocean.
Ans.
Pacific Ocean Atlantic Ocean
The Pacific Ocean is the largest The Atlantic Ocean is the second
and deepest, covering one – largest ocean and is shallow as
third of the globe. Its average compared to the Pacific Ocean.
depth is 4200 m. Its basin This ocean has many ridges,
contains high and abrupt ridges, canyons and gorges.
deep trenches, volcanic
mountains and other features.
2. State two importances of rivers.
A. The importance of rivers are:
Rivers serve as inland waterways.
River estuaries support many types of fish and birds. They are
of recreational importance for tourists.
3. State the difference between perennial and non – perennial rivers.
Ans.
Perennial Rivers Non – Perennial Rivers
Perennial rivers are those rivers Non – perennial or periodic rivers
that exhibit a continuous flow of are those rivers that do not have
water throughout the year except a constant flow throughout the
during extreme drought. They are year. These mainly consist of
also known as permanent rivers. those rivers which flow only
during the rainy season.
Chapter – 5 Minerals
2. Explain the following terms in brief:
(a) Hard rock mining – It refers to various underground mining
techniques used to excavate hard minerals such as ore
containing gold, silver, iron, tin, etc.
(b) Open pit mining – Open pit mines are used when deposits of
commercially useful ore or rocks are found near the surface.
(c) Mineral – A mineral is an aggregate of two or more than two
elements. A mineral has a definite chemical composition and is
formed by inorganic processes. Ex – gold and silver.
(d) Mineral fuel – Fuels formed from dead and decaying plants
and animals which were fossilized millions of years ago are
called mineral fuels. Ex – coal and petroleum.
(e) Ore – Ores are minerals that have a high concentration of a
certain element typically a metal. Ex – bauxite is the ore of
aluminum.
3. Differentiate between:
(a) Mineral and
ore Ans.
Mineral Ore
A mineral is an aggregate of two Ores are minerals that have a
or more than two elements. A high concentration of a certain
mineral has a definite chemical element typically a metal. Ex –
composition and is formed by bauxite is the ore of aluminum.
inorganic processes. Ex – gold
and silver.
(b) Metallic and non – metallic
minerals Ans.
Metallic Minerals Non – Metallic Minerals
They are found in igneous They are found in
rocks. sedimentary rocks.
They contain metals in their They do not contain metals
chemical composition. in their chemical
composition.
They have a metallic lustre. They do not have a metallic
lustre.
(c) Ferrous and non – ferrous minerals
Ans.
Ferrous Minerals Non – Ferrous Minerals
They are minerals which contain They are minerals which do not
iron. contain iron.
Ex – Iron ore, manganese. Ex – Copper, lead.
(d) Open cast mining and underground
mining. Ans.
Open cast mining Underground mining
It is the method of extracting It is the process of extracting
minerals near the surface of the minerals and ores that are buried
earth. too far underground to be mined
using surface mining methods.
4. Answer in brief:
(a) What is the need of conservation of mineral resources?
A. We need to conserve minerals because it takes millions of years
for the formation of minerals. Compared to the present rate of
consumption, the replenishment rate of minerals is very slow. Hence
we need to conserve minerals.
(b) Give some uses of bauxite.
A. Bauxite is used for:
It is used for making aircrafts, ships and utensils, etc.
It is used in electrical industry for its good conductivity.
It is also used for making headlight reflector, mirrors
and telescope.
(c) What is iron ore used for?
A. Iron ore is used for:
Iron is used mainly for making pig iron, sponge iron and steel.
It is used in construction of roads, railways,
appliances, buildings, machines, tools and
automobiles.
(d) Which is the largest producer of bauxite in the world?
A. Jamaica is the largest producer of bauxite in the world.
(e) State the importance of copper in the industrial development.
A. Copper is used for:
Copper is in great demand in the industrial field because of
its high ductility and high thermal and electrical conductivity.
It is mainly used in electrical machinery, automobile
industry, stainless steel and telephones.
Copper is also used in railway equipment industry and
other engineering works.
(f) State any three uses of uranium.
A. Uranium is used for:
It is a radioactive material used in nuclear defence
systems and for nuclear generation of electricity.
It is also used in nuclear medicine, X – ray machines,
atomic dating and electronic instruments.
Extra Questions:
1. How is natural gas used?
A. Natural gas is a fossil fuel used as a source of energy for heating,
cooking and electricity generation. It is also used as a fuel for
vehicles and as chemical feedstock in the manufacture of
plastics, fertilizers and petrochemicals.
2. How is petroleum used?
A. Petroleum is mainly used as locomotive power. It is used for
making paints, medicines, plastic and fertilizers. It is an
important lubricating agent and raw material for chemical
industries.
3. Why is mica used in the electrical industry?
A. Mica is a superior insulator, so in the electrical industry it is used
as thermal insulator and in electronic equipment as electrical
insulators. It can withstand high voltage.
4. Give some uses of gold.
A. Gold is used in dentistry and medicine, jewellery and arts,
medallions and coins and in ingots.
Chapter – 7 Study of Continents – South America
Text Questions
5. Answer the following in one word:
(a) The largest country of South America – Brazil.
(b) An archipelago found at the eastern tip of South America –
Falkland islands.
(c) The intermontane plateau in the Andes – Bolivian plateau.
(d) A majestic volcano in South America – Cotopaxi.
(e) The largest lake in South America – Lake Titicaca.
6. Answer in brief:
(a) Describe the location of South America.
A. A small part of South America lies in the Northern Hemisphere.
More than two – third of the continent lies in the south tropical
zone. It lies between 13oN latitude to 55oS latitude and 35oW to
81oW longitude. The major part of the continent is crossed by
the equator and the Tropic of Capricon.
(b) Name the major physical divisions of South America.
A. South America is divided into five major relief divisions, each
stretching from north to south:
Western Mountain Ranges – Andes
The Western Coastal Strip
The Central Plains
The Eastern Highlands
The Islands
(c) Name the three rivers that make up the Paraguay river basin.
A. The three rivers that make up the Paraguay river basin are the
Parana, the Paraguay and the Uruguay.
(d) Write a short note on Amazon basin, Gran Chaco and Pampas.
A. Amazon Basin:
It is drained by Amazon river and its tributaries and is
spectacular in size with some 20,800 km of navigable
waterways. It rises from the Andes and falls into the Atlantic
Ocean.
Gran Chaco:
Gran Chaco is the lowland extensive alluvial plain in the interior
south – central South America. It is a poorly drained marshy
but fertile land area.
Pampas
The extremely fertile grassy lowlands in the temperate South
America are called Pampas. It is found in the south of the Gran
Chaco and is the most productive agricultural region, covered
with fine grain stoneless deposits.
(e) Name the three river basins found in central lowlands. What
is meant by Llanos?
A. The three river basins found in central lowlands are:
The Llanos of the Orinoco Basin
The Amazon Basin
Paraguay or La Plata river basin
Llanos are the tropical grasslands formed around River Orinoco
and its tributaries.
(f) State the characteristic features of Andes mountain range.
A. The characteristic features of Andes mountain range are:
It is the longest mountain system of the world extending
for about 7,250 km from Panama to Strait of Magellan in
the South.
The average height is about 4,000 m above sea level.
The Andes form an unbroken stretch of young fold
mountains which flank the Pacific coast from Caribbean Sea
to Cape Horn.
(g) Name the two deserts of South America. Give a reason for
the scanty rainfall in the deserts.
A. The two deserts of South America are the Atacama Desert and
the Patagonia Desert. The deserts of South America receive
scanty rainfall because the deserts lie on the rain shadow area of
the Andes mountain.
(h) What is meant by rain shadow area? Give one example of
such an area in South America.
A. It is a dry area on the leeward side of a mountainous area (away
from the wind). These mountains block the passage of rain
producing weather system and cast a shadow of dryness behind
them. The Patagonia desert lies on the rain shadow area of the
Andes.
(i) Name the highest peak in Andes.
A. Mt. Aconcagua is the highest peak in Andes.
Extra Questions:
1. Who discovered South America and when?
A. South America was discovered by Christopher Columbus in 1498.
2. Which part of South America is called Latin America and why?
A. South America, Central America and West Indies together are
known as Latin America Because they were discovered and
colonized by the people from Southern Europe, the Spanish
and the Portuguese.
3. Write the capital of the following countries:
i. Chile – Santiago
ii. Columbia – Bogota
iii. Brazil – Brasilia
iv. Peru – Lima
v. Argentina – Buenos Aires
