Concept of major games and sports

Cricket
Cricket is a bat-and-ball game played between two teams of 11
players each. One team bats and tries to score runs, while the
other team bowls and fields to dismiss batters. The game can be
played in different formats, including Test matches (longest
format), One Day Internationals (ODIs), and Twenty20 (T20). The
team with the most runs at the end wins.

Basketball
Basketball is a fast-paced game where two teams of five players
aim to score by shooting the ball into a 10-foot-high hoop. The
team with the most points after four quarters wins. Key skills
include dribbling, passing, and shooting.

Table Tennis
A fast sport played on a small table with paddles and a lightweight
ball. Players hit the ball over a net, aiming to score points when the
opponent fails to return it. It can be played in singles or doubles,
and matches are won by reaching a set number of points.
It can be played in singles (1v1) or doubles (2v2), and matches are
won by reaching a set number of points, usually 11 or 21.

Athletics
A collection of track and field events, including running (sprints,
middle, and long-distance), jumping (high jump, long jump), and
throwing (shot put, discus). It tests speed, endurance, strength,
and skill
Brief History of Cricket, Basketball, Table Tennis, and Athletics

1. Cricket
☐ Originated in England in the 16th century.

☐ The first international match was played in 1844.

☐ Test cricket started in 1877, ODIs in 1971, and T20s in 2005.

☐ Popular in countries like India, Australia, England, and Pakistan.

☐ The ICC (International Cricket Council) governs international

cricket.

2. Basketball
☐ Invented in 1891 by Dr. James Naismith in the USA.

☐ Created as a winter indoor sport for students.

☐ The first professional league started in the 1940s.

☐ NBA (National Basketball Association) became globally famous.

☐ Now played in major international tournaments like the Olympics

and FIBA World Cup.

3. Table Tennis
☐ Originated in England in the late 19th century.

☐ Developed as an indoor version of lawn tennis.

☐ The International Table Tennis Federation (ITTF) was formed in

1926.
☐ China dominates the sport today.

☐ It became an Olympic sport in 1988.

4. Athletics
☐ Includes running, jumping, and throwing events.

☐ Dates back to ancient Greece, with the first Olympic Games in

776 BC.
☐ Became organized in the 19th century.

☐ The Olympics remain the biggest platform for athletics.

☐ Athletics World Championships are held every two years

☐ Here are the rules and field measurements for Cricket,

Basketball, Table Tennis, and Athletics

1. Cricket

Field Measurement:
☐ The cricket field is oval, with a 22-yard (20.12m) pitch in the

center.
☐ The boundary varies, but it is generally 65-90 meters from the

center.
☐ The crease includes:

☐ Bowling crease: 8 ft 8 in (2.64m)

☐ Popping crease: 4 ft (1.22m) in front of the bowling crease

☐ Return crease: 4 ft 4 in (1.32m) from either side of the stumps

Basic Rules:
☐ Each team has 11 players.

☐ Matches can be Test, One-Day (50 overs), or T20 (20 overs).

☐ Batting side scores runs, while the bowling side tries to get them

out.
☐ Ways to get out: Bowled, Caught, LBW, Run-out, Stumped, Hit

Wicket, etc.
☐ A bowler delivers 6 balls per over.

2. Basketball

Court Measurement:
☐ Length: 28m (International) / 28.65m (NBA)
☐ Width: 15m (International & NBA)

☐ Basket height: 10 ft (3.05m) above the ground

☐ Three-point line: 6.75m (FIBA), 7.24m (NBA)

☐ Free-throw line: 4.6m from the backboard

Basic Rules:

☐ 5 players per team on the court.

☐ Match has four quarters (10 min each in FIBA, 12 min in NBA).

☐ Scoring: 3 points (outside arc), 2 points (inside), 1 point (free

throw).
☐ A team has 24 seconds to attempt a shot.

☐ Fouls: Personal, technical, and team fouls can lead to free

throws.

3. Table Tennis

Table Measurement:

☐ Length: 2.74m (9ft)

☐ Width: 1.525m (5ft)

☐ Height: 76cm (2.5ft)

☐ Net height: 15.25cm (6 inches)

Basic Rules:

☐ Played as singles (1v1) or doubles (2v2).

☐ A match is best of 5 or 7 games, with each game going to 11

points (must win by 2).

☐ Alternate serves every 2 points (except at 10-10, then every serve

alternates).
☐ A point is scored when the opponent fails to return the ball

legally.

4. Athletics (Track & Field)

☐ Track Measurement:

☐ Standard track oval length: 400m (8 lanes)

☐ Lane width: 1.22m

Field Events & Their Areas:

☐ Long jump & Triple jump: Runway is 40m long, sandpit is 2.75m

to 3m wide.
☐ High jump: Bar starts around 1.5m, elite athletes clear 2m+.

☐ Pole Vault: Bar is 4.5m-6m+ for elite athletes.

☐ Shot put circle: 2.135m diameter, landing area 34.92° sector.

☐ Discus & Hammer throw circle: 2.5m diameter.

☐ Javelin runway: 30-36.5m long, throw sector 28.96°.

☐ Basic Rules:

☐ Sprinting races (100m, 200m, 400m) require staying in

designated lanes.
☐ Long-distance races (800m, 1500m+) allow lane changes after a

certain point.
☐ False starts lead to disqualification in sprinting events.

☐ Field events have three or six attempts, best performance

counts

Here's a breakdown of key skills for each sport:

 Bowling: Line and length, swing/spin control, variations

 Fielding: Reflexes, catching, throwing accuracy

 Fitness: Endurance, agility, strength

Basketball
 Dribbling: Ball control, speed, crossovers

 Shooting: Accuracy, technique, free throws

 Passing: Chest pass, bounce pass, no-look pass

 Defense: Man-to-man marking, blocking, steals

Table Tennis
 Grip and Stance: Shakehand, penhold, foot positioning

 Serving: Spin variations, placement

 Reflexes & Footwork: Quick movement, anticipation

Athletics (Track & Field)

 Long-Distance Running: Stamina, pacing

 Jumping Events: Long jump, high jump, triple jump technique

 Throwing Events: Shot put, javelin, discus power and form