2024 SEPTEMBER
EXAMINATIONS
DEPARTMENT OF SOCIAL SCIENCES
September / TASK 3: Grade 8 History
TASK 4
MARKS : 50
DURATION : 1hour / 60 minutes
EXAMINER : Filita
MODERATOR : Somdaka
YEAR : 2024
INSTRUCTIONS AND INFORMATION
1. This question paper consists of SECTION A and SECTION B
based on the prescribed content framework in the CAPS document.
2. SECTION A: SOURCE-BASED QUESTION
2.1. QUESTION 1: Scramble of Africa
2.2. Source material that is required to answer these questions is
contained in the ADDENDUM.
3. SECTION B: ESSAY QUESTION
3.1. QUESTION 2: Causes of colonization
3.2. MATRIX will be applied, in marking your essay
4. You will be disadvantaged by merely rewriting the sources as
answers.
(2)
QUESTION 1
Study and answer Source 1A ; Source 1B; Source 1C and Source 1D, to answer the
questions below
1.1. Read Source 1A:
1.1.1.What do you understand by the following concepts/ words
(a) Colonization [1x2=2
(b) Partition [1x2=2
1.1.2.What position did the chairperson of the Berlin Conference
have in his country ? [1x2=2
1.1.3.State any FOUR countries that were represented in the
Berlin Conference [4x1=4
1.1.4. How did the Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade change the
livelihood
of Africans. Mention any ONE way/mode [1x2=2
1.2. Study Source 1B
1.2.1. What natural resource- do you think- Africa is/was rich of ? [1x2=2
1.2.2. . How many areas- in Africa- have reserves of:
( a ) Crude Oil / Oil [1x1=1
( b ) Gold [1x1=1
( c ) Petroleum / Petrol [1x1=1
(3)
1.3. Study Source 1C
1.3.1. What – according to the source- was the purpose
for the Berlin Conference [1x2=2
1.3.2. Who inherited part of Africa as a personal gain [1x1=1
1.3.3. Why do you think Africans were not consulted [1x2=2
1.4. Use all the sources and your own knowledge to
write a paragraph of EIGHT lines (80 words) on
how Europe annexed Africa [8]
QUESTION 2
Key Question: THE SCRAMBLE OF AFRICA: Which results had an
impact on Africa?
Discuss the causes of colonization in Africa under the following
Topics:
Imperialism
Commerce
Civilizations
Christianity and
Conquest
Write an essay of about 130-150 words.
SUBTOTAL = 20
GRAND TOTAL = 50
(A)
Grade 8 Task 3 ADDENDUM
SOURCE 1A Extract from the book: Oxford and Empire: the last
lost cause . by R Segal
Africa- being the richest continent, in natural resources- was colonized by
Europe, which had a massive unemployment rate and was also poor in
natural resources. It was in the Berlin Conference of 1884to 1885- that was
chaired by the German Chancellor: Otto von Bismarck, that Germany;
Britain; France; Belgium; Spain; Portugal and Italy met to discuss the
partition of Africa, amongst themselves. Unfortunately Africa was not invited
in that meeting. Colonization of Africa by European countries changed the
outlook of international affairs, as Africa served to develop Europe. The
Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade served America with African slaves, whose
livelihood was changed into Whiteness- as they were forced to change their
names; adopt the White culture and lastly oppose everything that was
African……………….
SOURCE 1B This map shows some of the major resources and raw materials
that were the attraction for European countries.
(C)
SOURCE 1C
The Berlin conference Mad Scramble of
Africa
European countries began to expand
more into Africa.
The competition for territory created fear
that this will create tension/conflict
amongst European countries.
A meeting was called, in Germany, to try to sort out differences
between the nations called
Berlin conference.
Capital city of Germany in 1884
14 countries represented, hence 7 remain to take over Africa. Purpose of conference
was to find a peaceful way for European countries to divide the country continent Africa
between themselves and to avoid conflict or war over Africa territory. The initial task of
the conference was to agree that the Congo River and Niger River mouths and basins
would be considered neutral and open to trade. Congo Free state- then was ruled by
King Leopold II of Belgium. Despite its neutrality, part of the Congo Basin became a
personal kingdom for Belgium's King Leopold II and under his rule, over half of the
region's population died. Approval had to be signed to control any Africa country.
Belgian government took control in 1908 – which was peaceful. European nation will
rule part of each country. There were no consultations with indigenous people.
MARKING GUIDELINES: Task 3
1.1.1
(a)
* Act or process of colonizing
* Any other relevant answer
(b)
* with reference to a continent being separated or dividing or
being divided into parts
* Any other relevant answer
1.1.2
* Chancellor / Prime Minister
1.1.3.
* Britain
* France
* Germany
* Italy
* Belgium
* Spain
* Portugal
1.1.4
* they were forced to change their names
* they adopted the White culture
* they opposed everything that was African
* Any other relevant answer
1.2.1.
* Oil
* Gold
* Diamonds
* Cotton
* Coffee
* Any other natural resource, as depicted in the map in Source 1B
1.3.1.
* Purpose of conference was to find a peaceful way for European countries
to divide the country continent Africa between themselves
to avoid conflict or war over Africa territory.
1.3.2.
* King Leopold II of Belgium
1.3.3.
* They would oppose the partition of Africa
* Any other relevant answer
1.4 Candidates should include some of the following:
Berlin Conference of 1884 to 1885-
German Chancellor: Otto von Bismarck, that
Germany; Britain; France; Belgium; Spain; Portugal and Italy met to discuss
the partition of Africa, amongst themselves.
Unfortunately Africa was not invited in that meeting.
Colonization of Africa by European countries changed the outlook of
international affairs, as Africa served to develop Europe.
The Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade served America with African slaves, whose
livelihood was changed into Whiteness
Any other relevant answer (8)
LEVE CRITERIA MARKS
L
Level 1 Uses evidence in an elementary manner, e.g. makes no Marks:
or little reference on how Europe annexed Africa. 1–3
Uses evidence partially to report on topic or cannot
report on topic.
Level 2 Evidence is mostly relevant and relates to a great Marks:
extent to the topic, e.g. makes reference to. on how 4–6
Europe annexed Africa
Uses evidence in a very basic manner.
Level 3 Uses relevant evidence, e.g. demonstrates a thorough Marks:
understanding of how on how Europe annexed 7–8
Africa.
Evidence relates well to the topic
Uses evidence very effectively in an organized
paragraph that shows an understanding of the topic.
Question 2 Essay
SYNOPSIS
Learners are expected to discuss the causes of colonization in Africa,
under the following topics.
MAIN POINTS
Introduction>>> Learner must define the causes of colonization.
Elaboration/ Body
Imperialism
Main cause of imperialism
Motives for Imperialism
Desire to exploit the natural resources of a foreign country
Fear of strength of rival powers
The idea that one’s country and people are meant by God to rule.
The belief that the natives are not using the resources properly.
Personal ambition of a leader
Commerce
Natural resources of Africa were used to produce goods in Britain.
These goods were then sold in Africa and elsewhere.
Africa proved an excellent market form which money can be
made.
Civilization
Europeans believed that Africa was a dark continent that needed to
be civilized.
Africa had organized social structures and forms of government.
However, it did not have the technology that Europeans had.
Christianity
Missionaries wanted to replace the Africa traditional religions and
Islam with Christianity.
They saw it as their sacred duty to spread the Bible’s message to
the heathens (non-believers) of Africa.
Conquest
The tree Cs were closely linked to a forth C: conquest.
The violent taking over of other people’s land.
Reducing the freedom, dignity and general human rights of the
natives.
The exploitation of the natural resources of the colony.
(20 marks)
