PRB2 -2024-25 MARKING SCHEME CHEMISTRY CLASS-XII

Q.No Value Point Marks

1. (b) 115 Scm /mol
2
1
2. (c) remains unchanged 1
3. (d) 1:2 1
4. (c) C6H5CH (C6H5)Br 1
5. (b) KMnO4 in acidic medium 1
6. (c) 2-Methylpropan-2-ol 1
7. (c) Propanal and methanal 1
8. (a) A = 1-phenylethanal, B = acetophenone 1
9. (b) A- q B-p C- s D- r 1
10. (d) D is dextrorotatory while L is laevorotatory enantiomer 1
11. (c) [Fe(C2O4)3] 3– 1

12. (b) HCl is oxidised to Cl2 by KMnO4 1

13. (d) A is false but R is true. 1
14. (c) A is true but R is false. 1
15. (b) Both A and R are true and R is the not correct explanation of A. 1
16. (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A 1
17. (a) It is a zero order reaction and its molecularity is two. ½+1/
(b) Unit of k is mol L-1 s-1. 2
OR 1
(a) In order that the reactants may change into products, they
have to cross an energy barrier as shown in the diagram

(b) It is due to improper orientation of the colliding molecules at

1
the time of collision.
18. (a) Molecular formula C5H10 can be either alkene or cycloalkane. 1
Since, the hydrocarbon does not react with chlorine in dark, it is
not an alkene. So, it is a cycloalkane, i.e., cyclopentane.
Since, it forms only single monochloro derivative in bright sunlight,
all the H - atoms should be identical So, it is cyclopentane. (Marks
ony to be given for the name of the compound and not for the
justification. 1
 (b) During the SN1 mechanism, intermediate carbocation formed is
sp2 hybridized and planar in nature. This allows the attack of
nucleophile from either side of the plane resulting in a racemic
mixture.
19.

20.

21. Function: DNA replicates and stores genetic information. ½

RNA converts the genetic information contained within DNA to a ½

format used to build proteins.
½
Structure: DNA consists of two strands, arranged in a double
 ½
helix.

RNA only has one strand. (Or any correct answers)

22. Ni/Ni2+//Ag2+/Ag 1

23. (a)

(b)

1
24. (a) The energy released on dissolving solid alkyl halides in water is 1
insufficient to break the hydrogen bonds. As alkyl halides cannot
overcome the force of attraction between them and break the
hydrogen bonds between water molecules. It remains insoluble in
water.
(b) Due to presence of chiral carbon in 2-chlorobutane 1
(c) Due to lone pair of electrons it shows +R effect and increases
the electron density at Ortho and para position. 1
OR

1
25. 1

26. (a) Compound - A is ortho methylphenol ½ x3

Compound- B is ortho hydroxybenzoic acid.
Compound - C is Phenol.
Salicylic acid ½
(c)

27. 1
(a) Aqueous copper sulphate (blue) is [Cu(H2O)4]SO4
[Cu(H2O)4]2+(aq)+4F−(aq)→[CuF4]2−Green ppt.+4H2O
1
 (b) [Co(NH3 )5Cl]SO4 will give white ppt with BaSO4 solution,
1
whereas [Co(NH3 )5 (SO4 )]Cl will give white ppt with AgNO3
solution.
(c) Due to synergic bonding.
28

29. (a) [Cr(H2O)5Cl]Cl2.H2O, PetaaquaChloridochromium(II) chloride ½+½

(b)

1
OR

½ +½

1
(a) (i) d2sp3
(ii) inner orbital
(c) 2 unpaired electrons
 µ = √ n ( n+2 )
so µ = √ 8
= 2.87 BM
30. (a) The oxidation of water is kinetically slow hence needs over 1
potential. Therefore, chlorine is liberated.
(b) Silver dissolves at anode and deposits at cathode. 1
(c) Mg2+ + 2e- -------> Mg
1 mole of magnesium ions gains two moles of electrons or 2F to
form 1 mole of Mg
24 g Mg requires 2 F electricity
4.8 g Mg requires 2 x4.8/24 = 0.4 F = 0.4 x96500 = 38600C 1
Ca2+ + 2e- - Ca
2 F electricity is required to produce 1 mole =40 g Ca 1
0.4 F electricity will produce 8 g Ca
OR
Ag + 1e- → Ag
+

108 g of Ag is deposited by 1F of charge

2 g of Ag will be deposited by charge 1 × 2/ 108
= 0.0185 F = 0.0185 × 96500 C
t = 1 hr = 60s
Q=Ixt 1
0.0185 x 96500= I x 60 x 60
I = (0.0185 × 96500) /3600 1
 I = 0.495A
31. (a) Reverse osmosis ½
The direction of osmosis can be reversed if a pressure larger
than the osmotic pressure is applied to the solution side. The pure 1
solvent flows out of the solution through the semi permeable
membrane. This phenomenon is called reverse osmosis.
Desalination ½
(b) Despite large value of molecular mass, osmotic pressure has
significant value which can be measured with accuracy. 1
(c)

(Deduct ½ marks for unit not mentioned)

OR
1
 (a)
(i) At high altitudes the partial pressure of oxygen is less than that
at the ground level. This leads to low concentrations of oxygen in 1
the blood and tissues of people living at high altitudes or climbers.
This condition is known as anoxia.
(ii) The solute may dissociate or associate which increases or 1
decreases the effective number of particles in the solution
resulting into wrong measurement of colligative property and
hence molecular mass.
(iii) Mixture of ethanol and acetone shows positive deviation from
Raoult's law. In pure ethanol, molecules are hydrogen bonded. On
adding acetone, its molecules get in between the host molecules
and break some of the hydrogen bonds between them.
(b)
1

(Deduct ½ marks for unit not mentioned)

32 (a)

(b) The given statement is not correct.

Compound A is aniline. The presence of 1
a lone pair of electrons on the N-atom makes it a Lewis base. So,
the pH of the aq. solution of aniline is always more than 7. 1
(i) introducing electron releasing groups like -OCH3 and -CH3 ( 1
ii) introducing electron withdrawing groups like -NO2 and -COOH 1
(c) Aniline reacts with bromine water at room temperature to
give a white precipitate of 2, 4,6-tribromoaniline.
OR
(a)
(i) Nitration is carried out in an acidic medium. In an acidic 1
medium, aniline is protonated to give anilinium ion (which is meta-
 directing). 1
(ii) More solvation due to H and lesser steric hindrance.
(b)
(i) 1

(ii)
1
(iii)

33 (a) Manganese (Z = 25) exhibits largest number of oxidation 1

states. This is because its electronic configuration is 3d 54s2 and it
has maximum number of electrons (five d electrons and two s
electrons) to lose or share.
(b) (i) dπ-dπ bond between metal atoms./ (Any correct explanation) 1
(ii) Due to reorganization of energy and relative stability of d 0, 1
d and d10 configuration.
5

(iii) The Actinoid contraction is greater from element to element

than lanthanoid contraction because, the 5f electrons offer even 1
poorer shielding as compared to 4f.
(c)
1

OR 1
(a) (i) Mn has d configuration. Therefore, it acts as a good
3+ 4

oxidizing agent reducing to Mn2+ with more stable half-filled 1

configuration d5.
(ii) Cr2+ acquires Cr3+ state whereas Fe2+ acquires Fe3+ state on
oxidation. Cr3+ has t2g3 configuration which is more stable in
aqueous medium as compared to d5 configuration of Fe3+ and this 1
makes it a stronger reducing agent.
(iii) The ability of O2 to stabilize higher oxidation states exceeds 1
that of fluorine because oxygen can form multiple bonds with 1
metals.
(b) (i) 2MnO2 + 4KOH + O2 → 2K2MnO4 + 2H2O
(ii) 2Na2CrO4 + 2 H+ → Na2Cr2O7 + 2 Na+ + H2O