·

Prayas JEE (2025)

ABHEDYA

Chemistry Chemical Thermodynamics and Energetics

Exercise-1 MULTIPLE CORRECT TYPE QUESTIONS
SINGLE CORRECT TYPE QUESTIONS 6. Which of the following properties of a system are intensive?
(a) Color
1. A certain mass of gas is expanded from (1L, 10 atm) to
(4L, 5 atm) against a constant external pressure of 1 atm. (b) Kinetic energy per mole
If initial temperature of gas is 300 K and the heat capacity (c) X ( where X = U + H)
of process is 50 J/°C. Then, the enthalpy change during the (d) Specific volume (volume per unit mass)
process is: (1 L atm  100 J)
7. Choose the correct statement(s):
(a) ∆H = 15 kJ/mol (b) ∆H = 15.7 kJ/mol
(a) System and surrounding are always separated by a real
(c) ∆H = 14.4 kJ/mol (d) ∆H = 14.7 kJ/mol
or imaginary boundary.
2. Assuming the composition of air to be X(N2) = 0.80, X(O2) (b) Perfectly isolated system can never be created.
= 0.18 and X(CO2) = 0.02 molar heat capacity of air at
(c) In reversible process, energy change in each step can
constant pressure is
be reversed.
(a) 3.50 R (b) 4.00 R (c) 2.50 R (d) 3.19 R
(d) Irreversible process is also called quasi-equilibrium
 5  state.
3. Initially one mole of ideal gas C v  R  at 1.0 atm and
 2 
8. In an isothermal expansion of a gaseous sample, the correct
300 K is put through the following Cycle: relation is: (consider w (work) with sign according to new
IUPAC convention)
[The reversible and irreversible processes are carried out
I II
P between same initial and final states.]
III X (a) wrev > wirrev (b) wirrev > wrev
V (c) qrev < qirrev (d) ∆Erev = ∆Eirrev
Step-I: Heating to twice its initial pressure at constant 9. An ideal gas undergoes adiabatic expansion against constant
volume. external pressure. Which of the following is incorrect?
Step-II: Adiabatic expansion to its initial temperature. (a) Temperature of the system decreases.
Step-III: Isothermal compression back to 1.00 atm. (b) The relation PVg = constant will be valid (where P and
What is the volume at state X? V are gas variables).
(a) 40.4 L (b) 65.0 L (c) 139 L (d) 4.35 L (c) ∆E + Pext ∆V = 0
4. One mole of a monoatomic ideal gas initially at a pressure (d) Enthalpy of the gas remains unchanged.
of 2.00 bar and a temperature of 273 K is taken to a 10. In which of the following, entropy increases?
final pressure of 4.00 bar by a reversible path defined by (a) Rusting of iron
p/V= constant. Taking CV to be equal to 12.5 J mol–1 K–1, (b) Melting of ice
the value of ∆U/w for this process is calculated to be
(c) Crystallisation of sugar from solution
(a) – 3.0 (b) – 1.5 (c) + 1.5 (d) + 3.0
(d) Vaporisation of camphor
5. A piston is cleverly designed so that it extracts the maximum
amount of work out of a chemical reaction, by matching 11. The normal boiling point of a liquid ‘X’ is 400 K. Which
Pexternal to the Pinternal at all times. This 8cm diameter piston of the following statement is true about the process
initially holds back 1 mol of gas occupying 1 L, and comes to X(l) → X(g)?
rest after being pushed out a further 2 L at 25°C. After exactly (a) At 400 K and 1 atm pressure ∆ G = 0.
half of the work has been done, the piston has travelled out (b) At 400 K and 2 atm pressure ∆ G = + ve.
a total of (c) At 400 K and 0.1 atm pressure ∆ G = – ve.
(a) 10.0 cm (b) 11.2 cm (c) 14.5 cm (d) 20.0 cm (d) At 410 K and 1 atm pressure ∆ G = + ve.

1
 12. Which of the following reaction cannot be used to define Comprehension (Q. 18 to 20): Entropy is a state function and its
the heat of formation of CO2(g)? value depends on two or three variables temperature (T), pressure
1 (P) and volume (V). Entropy change for an ideal gas having number
(a) CO (g) + O2 → CO2 (g) of moles (n) can be determined by the following equation.
2
7 T2 V2
(b) C6H6 () + O2(g) → 6CO2 (g) + 3H2O () ∆S = 2.303 nCV log T1 + 2.303 nR log V1
2
(c) C (diamond) + 2O2 (g) → CO2 (g) T2 P1
(d) C (graphite) + O2 (g) → CO2 (g) ∆S = 2.303 nCp log T1 + 2.303 nR log P2
13. Find heat of formation of CH4: Since free energy change for a process or a chemical equation is
C (s) + O2 (g) → CO2 (g) ; ∆H = – 394 kJ/mol a deciding factor for spontaneity, which can be obtained by using
2H2 (g) + O2 (g) → 2H2O () ; ∆H = – 574 kJ/mol entropy change (∆S) according to the expression, ∆G = ∆H – T∆S
CH4 (g) + 2O2 (g) → CO2 (g) + 2H2O () at a temperature T.
; ∆H = – 892 kJ/mol 18. What would be the entropy change involved in thermodynamic
(a) –76 kJ/mol (b) – 18.1 kcal/mol expansion of 2 moles of a gas from a volume of 5 L to a
volume of 50 L at 25°C? [Given R = 8.3 J/mole K]
(c) – 244 kJ/mol (d) – 50 kcal/mol
(a) 38.23 J/K (b) 26.76 J/K
14. If ∆Hºf(C2H6) (g) = –85 kJ mol–1, ∆Hºf(C3H8) (g) = –104 kJ (c) 20J/K (d) 28.23J/K
mol–1, ∆Hº for C (s) → C (g) is 718 kJ mol–1 and heat of 19. An isobaric process having one mole of an ideal gas has
formation of H-atom is 218 kJ mol–1, then: entropy change 23.03 J/K for the temperature range 27°C
(a) ∆HC–C = 345 kJ (b) ∆HC–H = 414 kJ to 327°C. What would be the molar specific heat capacity
(c) ∆HH–H = 436 kJ (d) ∆HH–H = 218 kJ (CV) ?
10 10
(a) J/K mol (b) – 8.3 J/K mol
COMPREHENSION BASED QUESTIONS log 2 log 2
Comprehension (Q. 15 to 17): When a system is taken from (c) 10 × log2 J/K mol (d) 10 log2 + 8.3 J/K mol
state A to state B along path ACB as shown in figure below, 80 J
1
of heat flows into the system and the system does 30 J of work. 20. For a reaction M2O(s) → 2M(s) + O2(g); ∆H = 30 kJ/mol
2
and ∆S = 0.07 kJ/K-mol at 1 atm. Calculate upto which
C B temperature the reaction would not be spontaneous?
P (a) T > 428.6 K (b) T > 300.8 K
A D (c) T < 300.8 K (d) T < 428.6 K
V MATCH THE COLUMN TYPE QUESTIONS
15. How much heat flows into the system along path ADB if the 21. Match Column-I with Column-II.
work done by the system is 10 J?
Column-I Column-II
(a) 40 J (b) 60 J (c) 80 J (d) 100 J
A. Reversible isothermal p. w = –2.303 nRT log
16. When the system is returned from state B to A along the expansion of an ideal V2
curved path, the work done on the system is 20 J. Does the gas. V1
system absorb or liberate heat and by how much?
B. Reversible adiabatic q. PVg = constant
(a) –70 J ; heat is liberated
compression of an ideal
(b) –60 J ; heat is liberated gas.
(c) +70 J ; heat is absorbed C. Irreversible adiabatic r.
w = nR (T2 – T1)
(d) +60 J ; heat is absorbed. expansion of an ideal ( g − 1)
gas.
D. Irreversible isothermal s. ∆H = 0
17. If ED – EA = –40 J, the heat absorbed in the processes AD compression of an ideal
and DB are respectively: gas.
(a) qAD = 30 J and qDB = – 90 J (a) A-(p, s); B-(q, r); C-(r); D-(s)
(b) qAD = – 60 J and qDB = 30 J (b) A-(p); B-( r); C-(p, r); D-(s,q)
(c) qAD = 30 J and qDB = 90 J (c) A-(p, q); B-(p, s); C-(r); D-(s)
(d) A-(s); B-(p, r); C-(p, r); D-(q, p)
(d) qAD = – 30 J and qDB = 90 J
2
 22. Match Column-I with Column-II what is magnitude of work done by gas (in L atm)?
Column-I Column-II 25. The valve on a cylinder containing initially 1 litre of an ideal
p. Process is in gas at 7 atm and 25ºC is opened to the atmosphere, whose
A. (∆Gsystem)T,P = 0.
equilibrium pressure is 760 torr and the temperature is 25ºC. Assuming
that the process is isothermal, what is magnitude of work
B. ∆Ssystem + ∆Ssurrounding > 0 q. Process is non-
(in L atm) done on the atmosphere by the action of expansion?
spontaneous
26. 2 mole of ideal monoatomic gas was subjected to
C. ∆Ssystem + ∆Ssurrounding < 0 r. Process is reversible adiabatic compression from initial state of P
spontaneous = 1 atm and T = 300 K till the pressure is 4 2 atm and
D. (∆Gsystem)T,P > 0 s. System is unable temperature is T K. The gas is then subjected to reversible
to do useful work isothermal expansion at T K till the internal pressure is
one atm. The gas is now isobarically cooled to attain
(a) A-(q, s); B-(r); C-(p, s); D-(q, s) initial state. Find |WNet| (in calorie) for whole process.
(b) A-(q,s); B-(r); C-(q, s); D-(p, s) [Use ln 2 = 0.7, R = 2 cal/K-mol]
(c) A-(p,s); B-(r); C-(q, s); D-(q, s) 27. 1 mole & 2 mole respectively of two ideal gases A (Cv = 3R) and
(d) A-(p,s); B-(s); C-(r); D-(q, s) 3
B (Cv = R) are taken in a container and expanded reversibly
23. Match Column-I with Column-II. 2
and adiabatically from V= l L to V = 4 L starting from initial
Column-I Column-II temperature T = 320 K . Find |∆H| for the process (in cal).
A. C (s, graphite) + O2(g) → CO2(g) p. ∆Hºcombustion 28. The Kp for reaction A + B  C + D is 2.0 at 27°C and 8.0
at 127°C. Determine ∆H° (in kJ/mol) for the reaction over
B. C(s, graphite) → C(g) q. ∆Hºformation
this range of temperature (ln2 = 0.7)?
1 29. Di-oxygen is heated from 300 to 600 K at a constant pressure
C. CO(g) + O2(g) → CO2(g) r. ∆Hºatomization
2 of 1 bar. What is the value of increase in molar entropy (in
JK–1mol–1)? The molar heat capacity (in J K–1 mol–1) for the
D. CH4(g) → C(g) + 4H(g) s. ∆Hºsublimation O2 is Cp,m = 10 + 10–2T
(a) A-(q,r,s); B-(p,r,s); C-(p,q); D-(r) (Given : ln 2 = 0.7)
(b) A-(r,s); B-(q,r,s); C-(p); D-(p,s) 30. Calculate the magnitude of enthalpy of combustion
(c) A-(p); B-(q,s); C-(p,q,r); D-(r) (in kJ mol –1) of methyl alcohol (l) at 298 K from the
(d) A-(p,q); B-(q,r,s); C-(p); D-(r) following data:
Bond C-H C–O O–H O=O C=O
INTEGER TYPE QUESTIONS Bond Enthalpy 414 351.5 464.5 494 711
–1
(kJ mol )
24. A sample of an ideal gas is expanded from 1dm3 to 3 dm3 in a
Resonance energy of CO2 = –143 kJ mol–1
reversible process for which P = KV3, with K = 1/5 (atm/dm3),
Latent heat of vaporisation of methyl alcohol = 35.5 kJ mol–1.
Latent heat of vaporisation of water = 40.6 kJ mol–1.

3
 Exercise-2 5. The density of natural gas is 0.740 g dm–3 (1.013 × 105 Pa,
25.0 °C).
PASSAGE I Calculate the magnitude of combustion energy (in kJ/mol)
which is released as thermal energy during the burning of
Amount of 50 g of a 4 % sodium hydroxide solution and 50 g
1.00 m3 of natural gas under standard conditions assuming
of a 1.825 % solution of hydrochloric acid were mixed in a heat
that all products are gaseous. Assume that 1.00 m3 natural
insulated vessel at a temperature of 20°C. The temperature of the gas corresponds to 40.00 mol natural gas. (natural gas,
solution obtained in this way increased to 23.4°C. Then 70 g of methane, and ethane are not ideal gases).
a 3.5 % solution of sulphuric acid at a temperature of 20°C were
added to the above solution. PASSAGE IV
1. Calculate the final temperature (in °C)of the resulting The interest of this problem lies in its relevance to the risk of
solution. poisoning by carbon monoxide owing to faulty or ill-adjusted
heating systems. Cases of poisoning due to this cause are
2. Determine the amount of a dry residue (in g) that remains
rather common. The student may be aware that the acceptable
after evaporation of the solution.
concentration of CO in air is ≤ 5 ppm and the maximum tolerable
(heat capacity value c = 4.19 J g–1 K–1.) level is 50 ppm.
Relative atomic masses: The following reactions occur in methane burner:
Ar(H) = 1; Ar(O) = 16; Ar(Na)= 23; Ar(S) = 32; Ar(Cl) = 35.5. CH4(g) + 2O2(g) → CO2(g) + 2 H2O(g) (I)
CH4(g) + 3/2 O2(g) → CO(g) + 2 H2O(g) (II)
PASSAGE II
Compound CH4 O2 CO2 CO H2O
Photosynthesis may be summarised by the overall equation:
6CO 2 (g) 6H 2 O(I) light
→ C6 H12 O6 (s) 6O 2 (g) ∆H0f (kJ mol–1) –74.9 0 –393.5 –110.5 –241.8
chlorophyll

for which values of ∆H and ∆S at 25 °C are as follows: S0 (J K–1mol–1) 186.2 205.0 213.6 197.6 188.7
∆H = 2.87 × 106 J mol–1, ∆S = − 182 J K–1 mol–1 if ∆H and ∆S 6. Calculate the equilibrium constants for both reactions at T
values are related to one mole of reaction changes. Imagine that = 1500 K assuming that the values ∆H0 and ∆S0 are
there have been devised electrodes that would allow selective independent of the temperature.
reduction of oxygen to water and oxidation of glucose to carbon
dioxide in a galvanic cell, i. e a reverse process when compared 7. Find the relationship between the mole numbers of oxygen
with that of the photosynthetic reaction. and carbon monoxide at equilibrium (T = 1500 K, p = 1 atm)
when air is admitted into the burner in such amount that the
3. How many moles of photons with wavelength 500 nm take mole ratio CH4 : O2 is 1 : 2. Assume the following volume
part in the above reaction?
composition of air: 80 % N2 and 20 % O2.
Make the approximation that n(CH4) ≅ 0 at equilibrium and
PASSAGE III justify it on the bases of the answers to the question 6.
For his 18th birthday party in February, Peter plans to turn a hut in
8. Calculate the equilibrium mole fraction x of CO in the
the garden of his parents into a swimming pool with an artificial
beach. In order to estimate the costs for heating the water and the conditions given in the question 7. Assume that the mole
house, Peter obtains the data for the natural gas composition and fraction of CO is very small in comparison with that of
its price. CO2 and consequently, the total number of moles does
not appreciably vary during the combustion. Justify this
4. Assume that dinitrogen is inert under the chosen conditions. assumption.
Calculate the magnitude of Gibbs energy (in kJ/mol) under
standard conditions (1.013 × 105 Pa, 25.0 °C) for the 9. Repeat the calculations of items 7 and 8 assuming that twice
combustion of methane and ethane assuming that all products the amount of air (compared to the conditions in question 7)
are gaseous. is admitted into the burner (4 mol O2 : 1 mol CH4).
mol 10. Calculate the concentrations of CO (expressed as ppm by
Chemical volume) in the fumes after condensation of water vapour
fraction ∆fH0(kJ mol–1)–1 S0(J mol–1 K–1)–1 Cp0 (J mol–1 K–1)–1
Substance
(x) under the conditions of question 7 and 9, assuming that
CO2(g) 0.0024 –393.5 213.8 37.1 the composition does not change appreciably during the
cooling from 1500 K to room temperature and neglecting
N2(g) 0.0134 0.0 191.6 29.1 the contribution of water vapour to the composition of the
gas phase.
CH4(g) 0.9732 –74.6 186.3 35.7

C2H6(g) 0.0110 –84.0 229.2 52.5

H2O(l) - –285.8 70.0 75.3

H2O(g) - –241.8 188.8 33.6

O2(g) - 0.0 205.2 29.4

4
 Exercise-3 (PYQ's) 5. One mole of an ideal gas at 900 K, undergoes two reversible
processes, I followed by II, as shown below. If the work
THERMODYNAMIC TERMS done by the gas in the two process are same, the value of ln
1. What happens when methane undergoes combustion in V3
is: [JEE Adv 2021]
systems A and B respectively? [13 April, 2023 (Shift-II)] V2

Adiabatic system Diathermic container (U: internal energy, S: entropy, P: pressure, V: volume,
System A System B R: gas constant)
(Given: molar heat capacity at constant volume, Cv,m of
System A System B 5
(a) the gas is R )
Temperature rises Temperature remains same 2

System A System B 2250 (p1, V1)

(b)
Temperature falls Temperature rises U (K)
R I
System A System B II
(c) 450
Temperature falls Temperature remains same (p2, V2) (p3, V3)

S(JK–1 mol–1)
System A System B
(d) 6. Among the following the set of parameters that represents
Temperature remains same Temperature rises
path function is: [9 April, 2019 (Shift-I)]
2. The total number of intensive properties from the following
(A) q + w (C) q
is_________.
(B) w (D) H – TS
Volume, Molar heat capacity, Molarity, Eθ cell, Gibbs free
(a) (B) and (C) (b) (B), (C) and (D)
energy change, Molar mass, Mole
(c) (A), (B) and (C) (d) (A) and (D)
[11 April, 2023 (Shift-II)]
3. Among the following the number of state variable is
FIRST LAW OF THERMODYNAMICS
____________. [28 July, 2022 (Shift-II)]
Internal energy (U) Volume (V)
AND APPLICATIONS OF WORK DONE
Heat (q) Enthalpy (H) 7. 1 mole of ideal gas is allowed to expand reversibly and
adiabatically from a temperature of 27ºC. The work done is
4. An ideal gas undergoes a reversible isothermal expansion
3 kJ mol–1. The final temperature of the gas is _______ K
from state I to state II followed by a reversible adiabatic
(Nearest integer). Given Cv = 20 J mol–1K–1.
expansion from state II to state III. The correct plot(s)
representing the changes from state I to state III is (are) [30 Jan, 2023 (Shift-II)]
(p:pressure, V:volume, T:temperature, H:enthalpy, 8. When 2 litre of ideal gas expands isothermally into vacuum
S:entropy [JEE Adv 2021] to a total volume of 6 litre, the change in internal energy is
J. (Nearest integer) [30 Jan, 2023 (Shift-I)]
9. When 5 moles of He gas expand isothermally and reversibly
(a) (b) at 300 K from 10 litre to 20 litre, the magnitude of the
maximum work obtained is_______ J. (nearest integer)
[Given: R= 8.3 JK–1 mol–1 and log2 = 0.3010]
[27 June, 2022 (Shift-II)]
10. 4.0 L of an ideal gas is allowed to expand isothermally into
(c) (d) vacuum until the total volume is 20L. The amount of heat
absorbed in this expansion is________ L atm.
[28 June, 2022 (Shift-I)]

5
11. Five moles of an ideal gas at 293 K is expanded isothermally 16. One mole of an ideal monoatomic gas undergoes two
from an initial pressure of 2.1 MPa to 1.3 MPa against at reversible processes (A → B and B → C) as shown in the
constant external pressure 4.3 MPa. The heat transferred in given figure: [JEE Adv 2023]
this process is_____kJ mol–1. (Rounded-off to the nearest
integer). A
600 V1, T1
[Use R = 8.314 J mol–1 K–1] [25 Feb, 2021 (Shift-II)]

Temperature (K)
12. At 25°C, 50 g of iron reacts with HCl to form FeCl2. The
V2, T2 V3, T2
evolved hydrogen gas expands against a constant pressure
60
of 1 bar. The work done by the gas during this expansion is B C
_________ J. (Round off to the nearest integer).
[Given: R= 8.314 J mol–1 K–1. Assume hydrogen is an ideal gas]
[Atomic mass of Fe is 55.85u] 10
Volume (m3)
[16 March, 2021 (Shift-II)] A → B is an adiabatic process. If the total heat absorbed
13. The magnitude of work done by a gas that undergoes a in the entire process (A → B and B → C) is RT2 ln 10, the
reversible expansion along the path ABC shown in the figure value of 2 log V3 is _________.
is __________ [8 Jan, 2020 (Shift-I)] [Use, molar heat capacity of the gas at constant pressure,
Pressure Cp,m = 5/2R]
(Pa) 10
8
A B ENTHALPY CHANGE, ∆H OF A
6 REACTION & ENTHALPIES FOR
4 DIFFERENT TYPES OF REACTIONS
C
17. Given [10 April, 2023 (Shift-I)]
(2, 2) 4 6 8 10 12 Volume
(A) 2CO(g) + O2(g) → 2CO2(g) ∆H1q = –x kJ mol–1
(m3)
(B) C(graphite) + O2(g) → CO2(g) ∆Hq2 = –y kJ mol–1
14. In thermodynamics the P-V work done is given by q
The ΔH for the reaction
w − dVPext .
C(graphite) + O2(g) → CO(g) is
For a system undergoing a particular process, the work
done is, x − 2y x 2y
(a) (b)
2 2
RT a
w − dV − [JEE Adv 2020] 2x − y
V − b V2 (c) (d) 2y – x
2
This equation is applicable to a:
1
(a) System that satisfies the van der Waals equation of state. 18. The enthalpy change for the conversion Cl2 g to Cl–
2
(b) Process that is reversible and isothermal.
(aq.) is (–) __________ kJ mol–1(Nearest integer)
(c) Process that is reversible and adiabatic. o
Given, ∆ dis H Cl2 g 240kJmol−1
(d) Process that is irreversible and at constant isothermal.
15. For a diatomic ideal gas in a closed system, which of the
o
∆ eg H Cl g)
−350kJmol−1
following plots does not correctly describe the relation o
∆ hyd H Cl – −380kJmol−1 [31 Jan, 2023 (Shift-I)]
(g )
between various thermodynamic quantities?
19. When a 60W electric heater is immersed in a gas for 100s
[12 Jan, 2019 (Shift-I)] in a constant volume container with adiabatic walls, the
temperature of the gas rises by 5ºC. The heat capacity of
the given gas is ______J K–1 (Nearest integer)
(a) (b) [8 April, 2023 (Shift-I)]
20. At 25°C and 1 atm pressure, the enthalpy of combustion
of benzene (l) and acetylene (g) are –3268 kJ mol–1 and
–1300 kJ mol–1, respectively. The change in enthalpy for
the reaction 3C2H2(g) → C6H6(l), is
(c) (d) [25 June, 2022 (Shift-II)]
(a) +324 kJ mol –1 (b) +632 kJ mol–1
(c) –632 kJ mol –1 (d) –732 kJ mol–1
6
21. Which of the following relation is not correct? 28. The standard heat of formation(∆fHº298) of ethane (in kJ/mol),
[28 July, 2022 (Shift-I)] if the heat of combustion of ethane, hydrogen and graphite
(a) ∆H = ∆U – P∆V (b) ∆U = q + W are –1560, –393.5 and –286 kJ/mol respectively is _____.
[7 Jan, 2020 (Shift-II)]
(c) ∆Ssys + ∆Ssurr ≥ 0 (d) ∆G = ∆H – T∆S
22. At 25°C and 1 atm pressure, the enthalpies of combustion 29. Tin is obtained from cassiterite by reduction with coke.
are as given below: [24 June, 2022 (Shift-II)] Use the data given below to determine the minimum
temperature (in K) at which the reduction of cassiterite by
Substance H2 C (graphite) C2H6(g) coke would take place.
∆c H− At 298 K: ∆fHº(SnO2(s)) = –581.0 kJ mol–1, ∆fHº(CO2(g))
–286.0 –394.0 –1560.0
kJ mol−1 = –394.0 kJ mol–1

The enthalpy of formation of ethane is Sº(SnO2(s))=56.0 J K–1 mol–1, Sº(Sn(s))52.0 J K–1 mol–1,
(a) +54.0 kJ mol–1 (b) –68.0 kJ mol–1 Sº(C(s)) = 0.6 J K–1mol–1, Sº(CO2(g)) = 210.0 J K–1 mol–1.
(c) –86.0 kJmol –1 (d) +97.0 kJ mol–1 Assume that the enthalpies and the entropies are
23. While performing a thermodynamics experiment, a student temperature independent. [JEE Adv 2020]
made the following observation.
30. An ideal gas undergoes isothermal compression from 5 m3
HCl + NaOH → NaCl + H2O ∆H = –57.3 kJ mol–1
to 1 m3 against a constant external pressure of 4 Nm–2. Heat
CH3COOH + NaOH → CH3COONa + H2O ∆H = –55.3 kJ mol–1
released in this process is used to increase the temperature
The enthalpy of ionization of CH3COOH as calculated by of 1 mole of Al. If molar heat capacity of Al is 24 J mol–1
the student is __________ kJ mol–1. (Nearest integer)
K–1, the temperature of Al is increased by:
[25 July, 2022 (Shift-II)]
[10 Jan, 2019 (Shift-II)]
24. At 298.2 K the relationship between enthalpy of bond
3
dissociation ( in kJ mol−1) for hydrogen (EH) and its isotope, (a) K (b) 2 K
2
deuterium (ED), is best described by:
[25 July, 2021 (Shift-I)] 2
(c) K (d) 1 K
3
1
(a) EH = ED (b) E H ED 31. Given: [12 Jan, 2019 (Shift-II)]
2
(i) C(graphite) + O2(g) → CO2(g); ∆rHº = x kJ mol–1
(c) EH = 2ED (d) EH  ED − 7.5
25. Assuming ideal behaviour, the magnitude of log K for the 1
(ii) C(graphite) + O (g) → CO(g); ∆rHº = y kJ mol–1
following reaction at 25°C is x × 10–1. 2 2
The value of x is _________ (integer answer) 1
(iii) CO(g) + O (g) → CO2(g); ∆rHº = z kJ mol–1
3HC ≡ CH(g) C6H6(l) 2 2
[Given: ∆fG°(HC ≡ CH) = –2.04 × 105 J mol–1; ∆fG°(C6H6) Based on the above thermochemical equations, find out
= –1.24 × 105 J mol–1: R = 8.314 JK–1mol–1] which one of the following algebraic relationships is
[24 Feb, 2021 (Shift-II)] correct?
26. When 400 mL of 0.2 M H2SO4 solution is mixed with (a) x = y + z
600 mL of 0.1 M NaOH solution the increase in temperature (b) z = x + y
of the final solution is __________ × 10–2 K. (c) y = 2z – x
(Round off to the Nearest Integer).
(d) x = y – z
[Use: H+ (aq) + OH– (aq) → H2O : ∆gH = –57.1 kJmol–1]
32. Choose the reaction(s) from the following options, for
Specific heat of H2O = 4.18 JK–1g–1 which the standard enthalpy of reaction is equal to the
Density of H2O = 1.0 gcm–3 standard enthalpy of formation. [JEE Adv 2019]
[Assume no change in volume of solution on mixing] 3
(a) O (g) → O3 (g)
[27 July, 2021 (Shift-II)] 2 2
27. Lattice enthalpy and enthalpy of solution of NaCl are 1
788 kJ mol–1 and 4 kJ mol–1, respectively. The hydration (b) S (s) + O2(g) → SO2(g)
8 8
enthalpy of NaCl is: [5 Sept, 2020 (Shift-II)]
–1
(c) 2H2(g) + O2(g) → 2H2O(l)
(a) 784 kJ mol (b) –784 kJ mol–1
(c) 780 kJ mol–1 (d) –780 kJ mol–1 (d) 2C(g) + 3H2(g) → C2H6(g)

7
SPONTANEITY, ENTROPY, GIBBS 37. For one mole of an ideal gas, which of these statements must
be true? [4 Sept, 2020 (Shift-I)]
ENERGY CHANGE AND EQUILIBRIUM
(A) U and H each depends only on temperature
33. Which of the following relations are correct?
(B) Compressibility factor z is not equal to 1
(A) ∆U = q + p∆V (B) ∆G = ∆H – T∆S
(C) CP, m – CV,m = R
q rev
(C) ∆S (D) ∆H = ∆U – ∆nRT (D) dU = CvdT for any process
T
Choose the most appropriate answer from the options given (a) (A), (C) and (D) (b) (B), (C) and (D)
below: [29 Jan, 2023 (Shift-II)] (c) (A) and (C) (d) (C) and (D)
(a) (C) and (D) only (b) (B) and (C) only 38. The standard reaction Gibbs energy for a chemical reaction
at an absolute temperature T is given by:
(c) (A) and (B) only (d) (B) and (D) only
∆rG° = A – BT
34. For independent process at 300 K.
Where A and B are non – zero constant. Which of the
Process ∆H/kJ mol–1 ∆S/J K–1 following is TRUE about this reaction?
A –25 –80
[11 Jan, 2019 (Shift-II)]
B –22 40
(a) Endothermic if A > 0
C 25 –50
D 22 20 (b) Exothermic if A > 0 and B < 0
(c) Endothermic if A < 0 and B > 0
The number of non-spontaneous process from the following is
(d) Exothermic if B < 0
_________. [24 Jan, 2023 (Shift-I)]
"PARAGRAPH"
35. Match the List-I with List-II [27 June, 2022 (Shift-I)]
The entropy versus temperature plot for phases α and β at
List-I List-II 1 bar pressure is given.
A. Spontaneous process I. ∆H < 0 ST and S0 are entropies of the phases at temperatures T and
0 K, respectively.
B. Process with ∆P = 0, II. ∆GT,P < 0
∆T =0 "
ST – S0(J mol K ) 6 !
C. ∆Hreaction III. Isothermal and Isobaric
–
–1

process 5

D. Exothermic Process IV. [Bond energies of

molecules in reactants]
-[Bond energies of 1
product molecules] 600
Temperature (K)
Choose the correct answer from the option given below: The transition temperature for α to b phase change is
(a) (A)-(III), (B)-(II), (C)-(IV), (D)-(I) 600 K and CP, b – CP, a = 1 J mol–1 K–1. Assume (CP, b – CP, a)
(b) (A)-(II), (B)-(III), (C)-(IV), (D)-(I) is independent of temperature in the range of 200 to
(c) (A)-(II), (B)-(III), (C)-(I), (D)-(IV) 700 K. C P, a and C P, b are heat capacities of a and b
(d) (A)-(II), (B)-(I), (C)-(III), (D)-(IV) phases, respectively.
39. The value of entropy change, Sb – Sa (in J mol–1 K–1), at
36. Data given for the following reaction is as follows:
300 K is ________. [JEE Adv 2023]
FeO(s) + C(graphite) → Fe(s) + CO(g)
[Use: ln 2 = 0.69
Substance ∆fH0 (kJ mol–1) ∆S0 (J mol–1K–1) Given : Sβ – Sα = 0 at 0 K]
40. The value of enthalpy change, Hb – Ha (in J mol–1), at
FeO(s) –266.3 57.49 300 K is ________. [JEE Adv 2023]

C(graphite) 0 5.74

Fe(s) 0 27.28
·
CO(g) –110.5 197.6

The minimum temperature in K at which the reaction

becomes spontaneous is ___
(Integer answer) [27 Aug, 2021 (Shift-II)]