केन्द्रीय विद्यालय संगठन ,भोपाल संभाग

KENDRIYA VIDYALAYA SANGATHAN, BHOPAL REGION

100 COMPETENCY BASED QUESTIONS

XII - MATHEMATICS

Inspiration
Dr Senthil Kumar, Deputy Commissioner,
KVS RO Bhopal

Smt. Kiran Mishra, Assistant Commissioner

Smt. Nirmala Budania, Assistant Commissioner

Shri Vijay Vir Singh, Assistant Commissioner
Mentor
Ms. Gourima Dikshit , Principal,
Kendriya Vidyalaya, GAIL, Jhabua

Compiled By,
Mr Manish Khambete, PGT Maths ,
PM SHRI KV BNP Dewas

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 Prepared by
Sr Name Of
No Name Of Teacher School Chapter
PM SHRI KV Chapter 3 & Matrices and
1 Mr Ygesh Nema KHARGONE Chapter 4 Deterninants
PM SHRI KV
2 Mr Manish Phanse MHOW Chapter 7 Integrations
Mr. Bhagt Singh PM SHRI KV Chapter 10 & Vectors And Three
3 Tomar UJJAIN Chapter 11 Dimentional Geometry
PM SHRI KV
4 Mr Ashish Gupta DHAR Chapter 6 Application of Derivatives
PM SHRI KV
5 Mr Rajeev Pandey SHIVPURI Chapter 13 Probability
Chapter 1 & Relations and Function &
Mr Manish PM SHRI KV Chapter 2 ITF, Continuity and
6 Khambete BNP DEWAS Chapter 5 Differentiability
PM SHRI KV
7 Mr Ashish Sharma KHANDWA Chapter 9 Differential Equations
PM SHRI KV
8 Ms Arpita Singh JHABUA Chapter 8 App. Of Integration
PM SHRI KV 3
9 Mr Amit Gupta GWALIOR Chapter 12 LPP

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 Chapter wise CBQ Coverage
Chapter Number of
Chapter Page no.
No. CBQ

1. RELATIONS AND FUNCTIONS 9 4

2. INVERSE TRIGNOMETRIC FUNCTION 03 7

3. MTRICES
13 9
4. DETERMINANTS

5. CONTINUITY AND DIFFERENTIABILITY 05 13

6. APPLICATION OF DERIVATIVES 10 16

7. INTEGRALS 08 18

8. APPLICATION OF INTEGRATION 10 20

9. DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS 10 21

10. VECTORS
12 24
11. THREE DIMETIONAL GEOMETRY

12. LINEAR PROGRAMMING PROBLEMS 05 30

13. PROBABILITY 08 31

CBSE has released two volume of the competency-based questions with answer keys for the academic
year 2024-25. These questions are designed to evaluate the critical thinking and reasoning skills of the
students using real-life examples. You must access both the volume to become more confident in CBQ:
https://cbseacademic.nic.in/web_material/Manuals/Mathematics_12Vol2.pdf (2024-2025)
https://cbseacademic.nic.in/web_material/Manuals/Math_Grade12_V1.pdf (2024-2025)

CASE STUDY QUESTIONS

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 Chapter 1. Relations And Functions
CASE STUDY QUESTIONS
1. Students of school are taken to a railway museum to learn
about railway heritage and its history n exhibit in the museum
depicted many rail lines on the track near the railway station.
Let L be the set of all rail lines on the railway track and and R
be the relation on L defined by
R = {(l1,l2): l1 is parallel to l2 } on the basis of this information
answer the following questions

(a) Find whether the relation R is symmetric or not

(b) Find whether the relation R is transitive or not
(c) If one of the rail lines of railway track represent by the equation y = 3x + 2 then find the set of rail
lines in R related to it
OR
(c) Let S be the relation defined by S = {(l1,l2): l1 is perpendicular to l2 } check whether the relation
S is symmetric and transitive
2. Sherlin and Danju are playing Ludo at home during COVID-19. While rolling the dice,

Sharlin’s sister Raji observed and noted the possible

outcomes of throw every times belongs to set {1,2,3,4,5,6}.
Let A be the set of players while B be the set of all possible
outcomes.
A = {S=Sharlin,D=Danju} B = {1,2,3,4,5,6} Based on the
above information, answer the following questions.
(a) Let R:B→B be defined by R = {(x,y): y is divisible by x}, then show that R is reflexive but not
symmetric.
(b) Raji wants to know the number of function from A to B. How many number of functions are
possible
(c) Let R be a relation on set B defined by R = {(1,2),(2,2),(1,3),(3,4),(3,1),(4,3),(5,5)} Then show
that R is neither reflexive nor symmetric nor transitive.
OR
(c) Let R:B→B be defined by R = {(1,1),(1,2),(2,2), (3,3),(4,4),(5,5)(6,6)}then show that R is reflexive
and transitive but not symmetric
(d) How many relation are possible from A to B
3 A general election of Lok Sabha is a gigantic exercise. About 911 million people were eligible to vote
and voter turnout was about 67%, the highest ever
Let I be the set of all citizens of India who were eligible to exercise
their voting right in general election held in 2019. A relation ‘R’ is
defined on I as follows:
R = {(𝑉1,𝑉2)∶ 𝑉1,𝑉2 ∈𝐼 and both use their voting right in general
election – 2019}

1. Two neighbors X and Y∈ I. X exercised his voting right while Y did not cast her vote in general
election – 2019. Which of the following is true?
a. (X,Y) ∈R b. (Y,X) ∈R c. (X,X) ∉R d. (X,Y) ∉R
2. Mr.’𝑋’ and his wife ‘𝑊’both exercised their voting right in general election -2019, Which of the
following is true?
a. both (X,W) and (W,X) ∈ R b. (X,W) ∈ R but (W,X) ∉ R
c. both (X,W) and (W,X) ∉ R d. (W,X) ∈ R but (X,W) ∉ R
3. Three friends F1, F2 and F3 exercised their voting right in general election-2019, then which of the
following is true?
a. (F1,F2 ) ∈R, (F2,F3) ∈ R and (F1,F3) ∈ R b. (F1,F2 ) ∈ R, (F2,F3) ∈ R and (F1,F3) ∉ R
c. (F1,F2 ) ∈ R, (F2,F2) ∈R but (F3,F3) ∉ R d. (F1,F2 ) ∉ R, (F2,F3) ∉ R and (F1,F3) ∉ R
4. The above defined relation R is __________
a. Symmetric and transitive but not reflexive b. Universal relation
c. Equivalence relation d. Reflexive but not symmetric and transitive
5. Mr. Shyam exercised his voting right in General Election – 2019, then Mr. Shyam is related to
which of the following?

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 a. All those eligible voters who cast their votes b. Family members of Mr.Shyam
c. All citizens of India d. Eligible voters of India
4 An organization conducted bike race under 2 different categories-boys and girls. Totally there were
250 participants. Among all of them finally three from Category 1 and two from Category 2 were
selected for the final race. Ravi forms two sets B and G with
these participants for his college project.
Let B = {b1,b2,b3} G={g1,g2} where B represents the set of
boys selected and G the set of girls who were selected for the
final race.
Ravi decides to explore these sets for various types of relations
and functions
On the basis of above information answer the following questions
(a) Ravi wishes to form all the relations possible from B to G. How many such relations are possible?
(b) Ravi wants to know among those relations, how many functions can be formed from B to G?
(c) Let R: B→B be defined by R = {(𝑥,𝑦): 𝑥 and y are students of same sex}, Then check relation R
is equivalence relation
(d) Let 𝑅: 𝐵→𝐺 be defined by R = { (b1,g1), (b2,g2),(b3,g1)}, then whether R is injective and
surjective
(e) How many one-one function defined from B to G
5. Raji visited the Exhibition along with her family. The Exhibition had a huge swing, which attracted
many children. Raji found that the swing traced the
path of a Parabola as given by
𝑦= 𝑥2.
Answer the following questions using the above
information.
(a) If 𝑓: 𝑅→𝑅 be defined by 𝑓(𝑥)=𝑥2 , then show
that f is neither one-one nor onto
(b) If 𝑓:𝑁→𝑁 be defined by 𝑓(𝑥)=𝑥2 , then show that f is one-one not onto
(c) Let f: {1,2,3,….}→{1,4,9,….} be defined by 𝑓(𝑥)=𝑥2 show that f is one-one and onto
(d) The function f: Z→Z defined by 𝑓(𝑥)=𝑥2 is show that f is neither one-one nor onto
6 Students of Grade 9, planned to plant saplings along straight lines, parallel to each other to one side
of the playground ensuring that they had enough play area. Let us assume that they planted one of the
rows of the saplings along the line
𝑦=𝑥−4. Let L be the set of all lines which
are parallel on the ground and R be a
relation on L.
Answer the following using the above
information.

1. Let relation R be defined by R =

{(𝐿1,𝐿2): 𝐿1║𝐿2 where L1,L2 € L} then R is______ relation
(a) Equivalence (b) Only reflexive (c) Not reflexive (d) Symmetric but not transitive
2. Let R = { (𝐿1,𝐿2)∶ 𝐿1⊥𝐿2 where L1,L2 € L } which of the following is true?
(a) R is Symmetric but neither reflexive nor transitive
(b) R is Reflexive and transitive but not symmetric
(c) R is Reflexive but neither symmetric nor transitive (d) R is an Equivalence relation
3. The function f: R→R defined by 𝑓(𝑥)=𝑥−4 is___________
(a) Bijective (b) Surjective but not injective
(c) Injective but not Surjective (d) Neither Surjective nor Injective
4. Let 𝑓: 𝑅→𝑅 be defined by 𝑓(𝑥)=𝑥−4. Then the range of 𝑓(𝑥) is ________
(a) R (b) Z (c) W (d) Q
5. Let R = {(L 1 , L 2 ) : L 1 is parallel to L 2 and L 1 : y = x – 4} then which of the following can be
taken as L 2 ?
(a) 2x-2y+5=0 (b) 2x+y=5 (c) 2x + 2y + 7 =0 (d) x+y=7
7 A confectionary shop is a place where sweets and chocolates are sold. The table gives information of
four varieties of chocolates sold there
Chocolate Name Cost Per Price (in Rs)
Daily Milk (D) 5
25-Stars (S) 10
Crunch(C) 20
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 Ket-Kat (K) 50
Let A = {D,S,C,K} be the set containing the chocolates and B = {5,10,20,50} containing their cost.
A relation is defined on set A as R = {(x,y): cost of x ≤ cost of y}
On basis of above information give the answer of following questions
(a) Express the relation R in roster form
(b) Is R a Reflexive, Justify your answer
(c) Is R a Symmetric, Justify your answer
(d) Is R Transitive, Justify your answer
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Farmers plant sapling along straight lines parallel to each
other as in figure. Let us assume that saplings are planted
along the line y = x +1 and parallel to it. Let L be the set of
all lines on the field
Answer the following using the above information

Que.1. 𝑅1 be a relation defined on L as 𝑅1= {(𝑙1, 𝑙2): 𝑙1∥ 𝑙2, where 𝑙1, 𝑙2∈L} then 𝑅1 is ……..
(a) Equivalence relation
(b) Only Reflexive
(c) Not reflexive
(d) Symmetric but not transitive
Que.2. Which of the following line is related the line y=2x+1 as per definition of the relation 𝑅1
(a) 2x – y + 5=0
(b) 2x + y=5
(c) 2x - 2y=10
(d) x + y=1
Que.3. 𝑅2 be a relation defined on L as 𝑅2 = {(𝑙1, 𝑙2): 𝑙1⟂ 𝑙2, where 𝑙1, 𝑙2∈L} then 𝑅2 is ……..
(a) Symmetric but neither Reflexive nor Transitive
(b) Reflexive and Symmetric but not Transitive
(c) Reflexive but neither Symmetric not Transitive
(d) R is an Equivalence Relation
Que.4.If set L contain only three such lines l1 ,l2, and l3 then how many relation can be define
(a) 26
(b) 29
(c) 23
(d) 20

9 𝑥−1
Consider the mapping f:A→B is defined by 𝑓(𝑥) = such that f is a bijection
𝑥−2
Based on the above information answer the following questions.
Q.1. Domain of f is
(a) R – {2}
(b) R
(c) R-{1,2}
(d) R – {0}
Q.2. Range of f is
(a) R
(b) R– {1}
(c) R-{0}
(d) R – {1,2}
Q.3. g: R – {2} → R – {1} is defined by g(x) = 2 f(x) -1 then g(x) = 2f(x) -1, then g(x) in terms of x
is
𝑥+2
(a) 𝑥
𝑥+1
(b) 𝑥−2
𝑥−2
(c) 𝑥
𝑥
(d) 𝑥−2
Q.4. A function f(x) is said to be one-one iff
(a) f(x1) = f(x2) ⇒ -x1 = x2
(b) f(-x1) = f(-x2) ⇒ -x1 = x2
(c) f(x1) = f(x2) ⇒ x1 = x2
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 Chapter 2. Inverse Trigonometric Functions
1 If a function f:X→Y defined as f(x) = y is one-one and onto, then we can define a unique function
g:Y→X such that g(y) = x, where x є X and y = f(x), y є Y. Further g is called the inverse of function
f.
The domain of sine function is R and function sin:R→R is neither one-one nor onto. The following
graph shows sine function

Let sine function defined set A to[-1,1]

such that inverse of sine function exists,
i.e, sin-1x is defined from [-1,1] to A

on the basis of the above information, answer the following questions

Q.1 If A is the interval other than principal value branch, give an example of one such interval
Q.2. If sin-1x is defined from [-1,1] to its principal value branch than Find the value of
sin-1(-1/2) – sin-1(1)
Q.3. (i) Draw the graph of sin–1 x from [– 1, 1] to its principal value branch.
OR
Q.3(ii)Find Domain and Range of 2sin-1(1-x)
2 Today in the class of Mathematics Mr. Nages is explaining the inverse trigonometric functions. He
draws the graph of the sin-1x and write down the following about the principal value of branch
function sin-1:
Principal value of branch function sin-1 : it is a function with domain [-1,1] and range
−𝟑𝝅 −𝝅 −𝝅 𝝅 𝝅 𝟑𝝅
[ 𝟐 , 𝟐 ] [ 𝟐 , 𝟐 ] , [ 𝟐 , 𝟐 ] and so on corresponding to each interval, we get a branch of
−𝝅 𝝅
the function sin-1x. The branch with range [ 𝟐 , 𝟐 ] is called the principal value branch
−𝝅 𝝅
.Thus sin-1: [-1,1]→ [ , ].
𝟐 𝟐
on the basis of the above information, answer the following questions
Q 1. Domain of 𝐬𝐢𝐧−𝟏 √𝐱 − 𝟏 is:
(a) (1, 2) (b) [1, 2] (c) (1, 2] (d) [1, 2)
Q 2. Domain of 𝐬𝐢𝐧−𝟏 [𝐱] is: [𝐱] is greatest integer function
(a) (-1, 2) (b) [-1, 2] (c) (-1, 2] (d) [-1, 2)
𝛑 −𝟏 𝟏
Q 3. Value of 𝐬𝐢𝐧 [ − 𝐬𝐢𝐧 (− )] is:
𝟑 𝟐
(a) 1 (b) -1 (c) 0 (d) none of these
−𝟏 𝟐𝛑 −𝟏 𝟐𝛑
Q 4.principal value of 𝐜𝐨𝐬 (𝐜𝐨𝐬 𝟑 )+𝐬𝐢𝐧 (𝐬𝐢𝐧 𝟑 ) is:
(a) -π (b) 0 (c) π (d) 2π

3. The government of MP is planning to fix a hoarding board at the face of a tower on the road of a busy
market for awareness on “ILL EFFECTS OF TOBACCO” Ram, Shyam and Mohan are the three
engineers who are working on this projects. “A” is considered to be a person viewing the hoarding
board 40m away from the tower, standing at the edge of a pathway nearby. Ram, Shyam and Mohan
suggested to the firm to place the hoarding board at the three different locations namely C, D and E.
“C” is the height of the 20m from the ground level. For the viewer “A” the angle of elevation of “D”
is double the angle of elevation of “C” .The angle of elevation of “E” is triple the angle of elevation
of “C” for the same viewer. Look at the figure given and based on the above information answer the
following questions:
Q.1. Measure of ∠CAB is:
1
(a) tan−1 (2) (b) tan−1(1) (c) tan−1 ( ) 2
(d) tan−1 (3)
Q 2. Measure of ∠DAB is:
3
(a) tan−1(3) (b) tan−1 (4) (c) tan−1 (4) (d)
4
tan−1 ( )
3

Q 3. Measure of ∠EAB is:

11 2
(a) tan−1(11) (b) tan−1 ( ) (c) tan−1 ( ) (d) tan−1 (3)
2 11
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 Q 4. A’ is another viewer standing on the same line of observer across the road .If the width of the
road is 10m, then the difference between ∠CAB and ∠CA’B is:
1 1 2 11
(a) tan−1 (12) (b) tan−1 (8) (c) tan−1 (5) (d) tan−1 (12)

ANSWER KEY
Question 1:
• (a) Symmetric: Yes
• (b) Transitive: Yes
• (c) Set of rail lines: {y = 3x + c | c ∈ R }
• (OR c) S is:
o Symmetric: Yes
o Transitive: No
Question 2:
• (a) R is reflexive but not symmetric. (Justification: Every number divides itself, but if x
divides y, y doesn't necessarily divide x.)
• (b) Number of functions: 6² = 36
• (c) R is neither reflexive nor symmetric nor transitive. (Justification: (1,1), (2,2) etc are
missing for reflexive. (1,2) is in R but (2,1) is not for symmetric. (1,2) and (2,2) are in R but
(1,2) is already there, (3,1) and (1,2) are in R but (3,2) is not for transitive.)
• (OR c) R is reflexive and transitive but not symmetric. (Justification: All (i,i) are present for
reflexive. If (a,b) and (b,c) are in R, then (a,c) is also in R for transitive. (1,2) is in R but
(2,1) is not for not symmetric.)
• (d) Number of relations: 2 (2x6) = 212 = 4096
Question 3:
• 1. a. (X,X) ∉ R (Since Y didn't vote, (X,Y) is not in R. X voted, so (X,X) ∈ R. The option
with #R is the correct one.)
• 2. a. both (X,W) and (W,X) ∈ R
• 3. a. (F1,F2) ∈R, (F2,F3) ∈ R and (F1,F3) ∈ R
• 4. c. Equivalence relation
Question 4:
• (a) Number of relations: 2(3x2) = 26 = 64
• (b) Number of functions: 2³ = 8
• (c) Relation R is an equivalence relation.
• (d) R is neither injective nor surjective.
• (e) Number of one-one functions: 0 (Since |B| > |G|)
Question 5:
• (a) f is neither one-one nor onto.
• (b) f is one-one but not onto.
• (c) f is one-one and onto.
• (d) f is neither one-one nor onto.
Question 6:
• 1. (a) Equivalence
• 2. (a) R is Symmetric but neither reflexive nor transitive
• 3. (a) Bijective
• 4. (a) R
• 5. (a) 2x-2y+5=0
Question 7:
• (a) R = {(D,D), (D,S), (D,C), (D,K), (S,S), (S,C), (S,K), (C,C), (C,K), (K,K)}
• (b) R is Reflexive. Yes, because the cost of every chocolate is less than or equal to itself.
• (c) R is not Symmetric. No, for example, cost of Daily Milk ≤ cost of 25-Stars, but cost of
25-Stars is not ≤ cost of Daily Milk.
• (d) R is Transitive. Yes, if cost of A ≤ cost of B and cost of B ≤ cost of C, then cost of A ≤
cost of C.
Question 8:
• Que.1. (a) Equivalence relation
• Que.2. (a) 2x - y +5=0
• Que.3. (a) Symmetric but neither Reflexive nor Transitive
• Que.4. (a) 26
Question 9:
8
 •Q.1. (a) R - {2}
•Q.2. (b) R- {1}
•Q.3. (a) (x+2)/x
•Q.4. (c) f(x1) = f(x2) ⇒ X1 = X2
Question 1 (Chapter 2):
• Q.1. Example: [π/2, 3π/2]
• Q.2. sin⁻¹(-1/2) – sin⁻¹(1) = -π/6 - π/2 = -4π/6 = -2π/3
• Q.3. (i) (Sketch of the graph of sin⁻¹x from [-1, 1] to [-π/2, π/2])
• Q.3. (ii) Domain: [0, 2], Range: [-π, π]
Question 2 (Chapter 2):
• Q1. (b) [1,2]
• Q 2. (b) [-1, 2]
• Q 3. (a) 1
• Q 4. (b) 0
Question 3 (Chapter 2):
• Q.1. (b) tan⁻¹(1)
• Q 2. (c) tan⁻¹(3/4)
• Q 3. (a) tan⁻¹(11/12)
• Q 4. (d) tan⁻¹(1/12)

Chapter 3 & 4 :Matrices & Determinants

Q1 Case Study 1
To promote the usage of house toilets in villages especially for women, an organization tried to
generate awareness among the villagers through
(i) house calls (ii) letters and (iii) announcements
The cost for each mode per attempt is
(i) Rs 50 (ii) Rs 20 (iii)Rs40 respectively
The number of attempts made in the villages X, Y and Z are given below:

(i) (ii) (iii)

X 400 300 100

Y 300 250 75

Z 500 400 150

Also the chance of making of toilets corresponding to one attempt of given modes is:
(i) 2% (ii) 4% (iii) 20%
Let A, B, C be the cost incurred by organization in three villages respectively.
Based on the above information answer the following questions
(i) What is the cost incurred by organization in three village
(a) A = 40000, B= 23000, C= 39000
(b) A = 30000, B= 24000, C= 39000
(c) A = 30000, B= 23000, C= 39000
(d) A = 30000, B= 23000, C= 38000
(ii) Find the number of toilets expected in villagers X,Y,Z after the promotion campaign is
(a) Number of Toilets expected in Villages X = 40 ,Y = 31 ,Z = 56
(b) Number of Toilets expected in Villages X = 31 ,Y = 41 ,Z = 56
(c) Number of Toilets expected in Villages X = 41 ,Y = 56 ,Z = 31
(d) Number of Toilets expected in Villages X = 31,Y = 41 ,Z = 56
(iii) What is total amount spent by the organization in all three villages X, Y and Z
(a) 94000
(b) 92000
(c) 93000

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 (d) 90000
(iv) What are the total number of toilets expected after promotion campaign?
(a) 157
(b) 147
(c) 137
(d) 127
Q2 Case Study 2
A scholarship is a sum of money provided to a student to
help him or her pay for education. Some students are granted
scholarships based on their academic achievements, while
others are rewarded based on their financial needs.

Every year a school offers scholarships to girl children and

meritorious achievers based on certain criteria. In the session 2022-23, the school offered monthly
scholarship of Rs 3000 each to some girl students and Rs 4000 each to meritorious achievers in
academics as well as sports.
In all, 50 students were given the scholarships and monthly expenditure incurred by the school on
scholarships was Rs 1,80,000.
Based on the above information, answer the following questions:
(i) Express the given information, in Form of matrix representation
3000 4000 𝑥 180000
(a) [ ] [𝑦] = [ ]
1 1 50

4000 3000 𝑥 180000

(b) [ ] [𝑦] = [ ]
1 1 50

3000 4000 𝑥 180000

(c) [ ] [𝑦] = [ ]
2 1 50

3000 4000 𝑥 180000

(d) [ ] [𝑦] = [ ]
2 2 50
(ii) How many girl students got scholarship
(a) 30
(b) 20
(c) 10
(d) 40
(iii) How many meritorious students got scholarship
(a) 10
(b) 40
(c) 20
(d) 30
(iv) Had the amount of scholarship given to each girl child and meritorious students been interchanged
what would be the monthly expenditure incurred by the school ?
(a) 190000
(b) 160000
(c) 150000
(d) 170000
Q3 Case Study 3

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 On her birth day, Seema decided to donate some money to children of an orphanage home. If there
were 8 children less, everyone would have got ₹ 10 more. However, if there were 16 children more,
everyone would have got ₹ 10 less. Let the number of children be x and the amount distributed by
Seema for one child be y (in ₹).
Based on the information given above, answer the following
questions:
(a) Represent the equations in terms x and y. (1)
(b) Write matrix equations to represent the information given
above. (1)
(c) Find the number of children who were given some money by Seema. (1)
(d) How much amount is given to each child by Seema? (1)

Q4 Case Study 4
Three schools A, B and C decided to organize a fair for collecting money for helping the flood victims.
They sold handmade fans, mats and plates from recycled material at a cost of ₹25, ₹ 100 and ₹ 50
each respectively. The numbers of articles sold are given as

Based on the information given above, answer the following questions:

(a) What is the total money (in Rupees) collected by the school A?
(b) What is the total amount of money (in ₹) collected by schools B and C?
(c) What is the total amount of money collected by all three schools A, B and C?
(d) If the number of handmade fans and plates are interchanged for all the schools, then what is the
total money collected by all schools?
Q5 Case Study 5
Gautam buys 5 pens, 3 bags and 1 instrument box and pays a sum of Rs 160 from Stationary Shop.
From the same shop, Vikram buys 2 pens, 1 bag and 3 instrument boxes and pays a sum of Rs 190.
Also, Ankur buys 1 pen, 2 bags and 4 instrument boxes and pays a sum of Rs 250.
Based on the above information, answer the following
questions:
(i) Convert the given above situation into a matrix
equation of the form AX = B.
(ii) Find |A|.
(iii) Find A–1 OR
Determine P = A2 – 5A.

Q6 Case Study 6
The Palace of Peace and Reconciliation, also known as the Pyramid of peace and Accord is a 62-
metre high Pyramid in Mursultan, the capital of Kazakhstan, that serves as a non-denominational
national spiritual centre and an event venue. It is designed by faster and partners with a stained glass
apex. It has 25 smaller equilateral triangles as shown in the figure.
(i) If the vertices of one triangle are (0, 0), (3,√3) and (3,-√3) then find
the area.
(ii) Find the area of face of the Pyramid.
(iii) Find the length of a altitude of a smaller equilateral
triangle.
OR
Using determinants, find the equation of the line joining the points
A (1, 2) and B (3, 6).
11
 Directions: (Q.7 – Q.13) Each of these questions contains two statements: Assertion (A) and Reason
(R). Each of these questions also has four alternative choices, any one of which is the correct answer.
You have to select one of the options (a), (b), (c) and (d) given below:
(a) A is true, R is true and R is a correct explanation for A
(b) A is true, R is true and R is not a correct explanation for Assertion
(c) A is true and R is false
(d) A is false and R is true
Q7 Assertion: Every scalar matrix is a diagonal matrix.
Reason: In a diagonal matrix, all the diagonal elements are 0.
Q8 1 0 1
Assertion: If A = [0 1 2] then |3A| = 9 |A|
0 0 4
Reason: If A is square matrix of order n, then |kA| = kn |A|
Q9 Assertion (A): The system of equations 2x – y = – 2; 3x + 4y = 3 has unique solution and x =-5/11
and y = 12/11.
Reason (R): The system of equations AX = B has a unique solution, if
|A| ≠ 0.
Q10 Assertion (A): Minor of an element of a determinant of order n (n ≥ 2) is a determinant of order n.
Reason (R): If A is an invertible matrix of order 2, then det (A–1) is equal to 1/| A |.
Q11 𝟐 𝟎
Assertion (A): If [𝒙 𝟐] [ ] = 0, then x = 2.
−𝟒 𝟎
𝟐 𝟎
Reason (R): If [𝒙 𝟐] [ ] = 0, then x = 4
−𝟒 𝟎
Q12 Assertion (A): If the order of A is 3 × 4, the order of B is 3 × 4 and the order of C is 5 × 4, then the
order of (ATB)CT is 4 × 5.
Reason (R): To multiply an m × n matrix by n × p matrix the n must be the same and result is an m ×
p matrix. Also, A be a matrix of order m × n then the order of transpose matrix is n × m.
Q13 𝟎 −𝟏 −𝟐
Assertion (A): The matrix A =[𝟏 𝟎 −𝟑] is a skew symmetric matrix.
𝟐 𝟑 𝟎
Reason (R): For the given matrix A we have A' = A.
ANSWER KEY
Ans1 (i) (c) A = 30000, B= 23000, C= 39000
Ans1(ii) (a) X = 40,Y = 31 Z = 56
Ans1(iii) (b)
Ans1(iv) (d) total number of toilets expected after promotion campaign = 40+31+56 = 127
Ans2(i) (a) AX = B
Ans2(ii) (b) 3000x +4000y = 180000 and x +y =50 using X = A -1 B
we get x = 20 which represent girl students
Ans2(iii) (d) Solving equations 3000x +4000y = 180000 and x +y =50
using X = A-1 B we get y = 30 which represent meritorious students
Ans2(iv) (d) school spent 3000 x30 + 4000 x 20 = Rs 170000
Ans 3

12
Ans 4

Ans 5

Ans 6

Ans 7 (c)
Ans 8 (d)
Ans 9 Ans: (a) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true and reason (R) is the correct explanation of
assertion (A).
Ans 10 Ans: (d) Assertion (A) is false but reason (R) is true.
Ans 11

Ans 12

Ans 13 Ans: (c) A is true but R is false.

Chapter 5 :Continuity and Differentiability
1 Let f(𝑥) be a real valued function, then its
𝒇(𝒂−𝒉)−𝒇(𝒂)
*Left Hand Derivative (L.H.D.): 𝐿𝑓′(𝑎)= lim ((h→ 𝟎) = (f(a+h) – f(a))/-h
−𝒉
𝒇(𝒂+𝒉)−𝒇(𝒂)
*Right Hand Derivative (R.H.D.): R𝑓′(𝑎)= lim (h→ 𝟎) 𝒉

Also, a function f(𝑥) is said to be differentiable at 𝑥 = 𝑎, if L.H.D = R.H.D.

If f(x)= |x-3| for x ≥ 1 and f(x) = x2/4 - 3x/2 +13/4 for x<1
(i) Find R.H.D. of 𝑓(𝑥) at 𝑥 = 1
(ii) Find L.H.D. of 𝑓(𝑥) at 𝑥 = 1
(iii) At which point 𝑓(𝑥) is not-differentiable
(iv) Find the value of 𝑓′(2)

13
2 Overspeeding increases fuel consumption and decreases fuel economy as a result of tyre rolling
friction and air resistance. While vehicles reach optimal fuel economy at different speeds, fuel
mileage usually decreases rapidly at speeds above 80 km/h.

The relation between fuel consumption F (l/100 km) and speed V (km/h)
under some constraints is given as F = V2 /500 - V/4 + 14
On the basis of the above information, answer the following questions :
(i) Find F, when V = 40 km/h.
(ii) Find dF/dV =
(iii) Find the speed V for which fuel consumption F is minimum
(iv) Find the quantity of fuel required to travel 600 km at the speed V at which dF/dV = – 0·01.
3 If 𝑦 = f(𝑢) is a differentiable function of 𝑢 and 𝑢 = 𝑔(𝑥) is a differentiable function of 𝑥, then 𝑦 =
𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑢
𝑓(𝑔(𝑥)] is a differentiable function of 𝑥 and 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑑𝑢 X 𝑑𝑥 . This rule is also known as CHAIN RULE.

Based on the above information, find the derivative of functions w.r.t. 𝑥 in the following questions
−𝟏 𝒙
(i) y = cos√𝒙 (ii) y = sin2(2x+3) (iii) y = log(𝒙 +√𝒙𝟐 + 𝟏 ) (iv) y = 𝒆𝒕𝒂𝒏
4 Derivative of uv where u and v are differentiable function of x than
𝑑 𝑑
𝑑𝑥
𝑢𝑣 = 𝑢𝑣 𝑑𝑥 𝑣 𝑙𝑜𝑔 𝑢
𝑑𝑦
On the basis of above find 𝑑𝑥

(i) y = xsinx
(ii) y = (logx)log x
(iii) y = xx + (cos x)x
5 If x and y are two variables such that both are explicity expressed in terms of third variable, say t i.e.
if x = f(t) and y =g(t) then such function are called parametric functions and the third variable is called
parameter. In order to find the derivatives of a function in parametric form we use chain rule
𝑑𝑦
𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑡 𝑑𝑥
= × or = 𝑑𝑥 𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑣𝑖𝑑𝑒 ≠0
𝑑𝑡 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑡 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑡
𝑑𝑡

𝑑𝑦
On the basis of above find
𝑑𝑥

(i) x = a (cos θ + θ sin θ), y = a (sin θ – θ cos θ)

(ii) x = sin t, y = cos 2t
(iii) x = 2at2, y = at4
ANSWER KEY
Question 1:
(i) R.H.D. of f(x) at x = 1:
• For x ≥ 1, f(x) = |x-3| = 3-x (since x=1, x-3 is negative).
• Rf'(1) = lim (h→ 0) [(3-(1+h)) - (3-1)] / h = lim (h→ 0) [2-h - 2] / h = lim (h→ 0) -h/h = -1
(ii) L.H.D. of f(x) at x = 1:
• For x < 1, f(x) = x²/4 - 3x/2 + 13/4
• Lf'(1) = lim (h→ 0) [((1-h)²/4 - 3(1-h)/2 + 13/4) - (1/4 - 3/2 + 13/4)] / -h
= lim (h→ 0) [(1 - 2h + h²)/4 - 3/2 + 3h/2 + 13/4 - 1/4 + 3/2 - 13/4] / -h

14
 = lim (h→ 0) [1/4 - h/2 + h²/4 + 3h/2 - 1/4] / -h
= lim (h→ 0) [h²/4 + h] / -h = lim (h→ 0) [h/4 + 1] / -1 = -1
(iii) At which point f(x) is not-differentiable:
• At x = 1, L.H.D. = -1 and R.H.D. = -1. So, f(x) is differentiable at x = 1.
• The absolute value function |x-3| has a sharp turn at x = 3. Let's check differentiability there.
o For x > 3, f(x) = x - 3, f'(x) = 1
o For x < 3, f(x) = 3 - x, f'(x) = -1
o L.H.D. at x=3 is -1, R.H.D. at x=3 is 1. Since they are not equal, f(x) is not differentiable at
x = 3.
(iv) Find the value of f'(2):
• Since 2 ≥ 1, f(x) = |x-3| = 3-x (for x values around 2).
• f'(x) = -1
• f'(2) = -1
Question 2:
(i) Find F, when V = 40 km/h:
• F = (40)² / 500 - 40 / 4 + 14 = 1600 / 500 - 10 + 14 = 3.2 + 4 = 7.2
(ii) Find dF/dV:
• dF/dV = (2V / 500) - 1/4 = V / 250 - 1/4
(iii) Find the speed V for which fuel consumption F is minimum:
• Set dF/dV = 0: V / 250 - 1/4 = 0
• V / 250 = 1/4
• V = 250 / 4 = 62.5 km/h
(iv) Find the quantity of fuel required:
• Set dF/dV = -0.01: V / 250 - 1/4 = -0.01
• V / 250 = 0.25 - 0.01 = 0.24
• V = 0.24 * 250 = 60 km/h
• Find F at V = 60 km/h: F = (60)² / 500 - 60 / 4 + 14 = 3600 / 500 - 15 + 14 = 7.2 - 1 = 6.2 (liters/100
km)
• Quantity of fuel = 6.2 liters/100 km * (600 km / 100 km) = 6.2 * 6 = 37.2 liters
Question 3:
(i) -sin(√x) / (2√x)
(ii) 2sin(4x+6)
(iii) 1 / √x² + 1
(iv) etan⁻¹x/ (1 + x²)
Question 4:
(i) (sinx/x + cosx * log x)
(ii) (logx)log x(1 + log(logx) / x)
(iii) dy/dx = xx (1 + log x) + (cos x)x(-xtanx + log(cosx))
Question 5:
(i) tanθ
(ii) -4sin t
(iii) t²

15
 Chapter 6 :Application of Derivatives
1 Mr Ravi, who is an architect, designs a building for a small company. The design of window on the
ground floor is proposed to be different than other floors. The window is in the shape of a rectangle
which is surmounted by a semi-circular opening. This window is having a
perimeter of 10 m as shown below. Based on the above information,
answer the following.
(i) If 2x and 2y represents the length and breadth of the rectangular portion
of the windows, then find the relation between the variables x and y.
(ii) Find the combined area (A) of the rectangular region and semi-circular region of the
window expressed as a function of x.
Find the maximum value of area (A), of the whole window
2 An architect designs a building for a multi-national company. The floor consists of a rectangular
region with semicircular ends having a perimeter of 200 m as shown below.
Based on the above information, answer the following.
(i) If x and y represents the length and breadth of the
rectangular region, then determine the relation between the
variables.
(ii) Write the area of the rectangular region (A), expressing it as
a function of x.
(iii) Find the maximum value of area A.
3 During the outbreak of Covid-19 pandemic, the usual production at the
manufacturing unit of a small company was disturbed badly. To control the
losses, the owner decided to change the type of products he used to make in
his company during the normal days. Now he decided to manufacture and
sell the face masks and sanitizers. He sells x masks at a price of Rs
𝑥 𝑥
(5 − 100) each, he cost price C(x) of x masks is Rs(5 + 500)
Keeping the above information in mind, answer the following.
(i) What is the selling price S(x), of x masks?
𝑑𝑃(𝑥)
(ii)What is 𝑑𝑥
, where P(x) is the profit earned by the man on selling x masks?
(iii)How many masks should the owner sell to earn maximum profit?

4 In a box manufacturing company during practical ability test of B. Tech. for the post of an engineer,
instructor of company instructed a participant to construct an open box with square base with a
given quantity of cardboard of area C2 .
Based on above information, answer the following.
(i) If the length of side of square base be x units and height is
y units. Then what will be the area of material used?
(ii) What is the relation between x and y?
(iii) Find the volume of box expressed as function of x.
OR
At what value of ‘x’, the volume is maximum?

5 Mr Ashish Soni is owner of a drum manufacturing company. He gets an order of manufacturing

cylindrical drums of high quality steel without top, with a volume of v cubic units. In order to make
maximum profit, Mr Modi decides to use least amount of steel while making the drums.
Using the information given above, answer the following.
(i) Assuming that ‘r’ and ‘h’ denote the radius of base and height of the drum
respectively, then find the value of ‘h’ in terms of ‘v’ and ‘r’.
(ii) Write the surface area of the drum, as a function in ‘r’.

16
 (iii) What is the value of radius ‘r’ of base of the drum, having least surface area? Use the
concept of derivatives.

6 Read the following passage and answer the questions given below:
The relation between the height of the plant ('y ' in cm) with respect to its exposure to the sunlight is
1
governed by the following equation 𝑦 = 4𝑥 − 2 𝑥 2 , where x is the number of days exposed to the
sunlight, for x ≤ 3.

(i) Find the rate of growth of the plant with respect to the number of days
exposed to the sunlight.
(ii) Does the rate of growth of the plant increase or decrease in the first
three days? What will be the height of the plant after 2 days?

7 A telephone company in Gurgaon has 500 subscribers on its list and collect fixed charge of
₹300 per subscriber. The company proposes to increase the annual subscription and it is
believed that every increase of ₹1 one subscriber will discontinue the service based on the
above information answer the following
if the annual subscription is increased by ₹x per subscriber then find
the total revenue are of the company .
(i) Find average revenue of the company when annual
subscription is increased by ₹x per subscriber
(ii) Find the maximum annual revenue of the company.

8 Sonam wants to repair sweet box for Diwali at home for making lower part of box she takes
a square piece of cardboard of side 18 cm. Based on the above information answer the
following questions
If x cm be the length of each side of a square cardboard which is to be
cut off from
each corner of the square piece of side 18 cm then find the
interval in which x lies.
(i) Find the expression for volume of the open box.
(ii) Find the maximum volume of the box.

9 Two metal rods, R1 and R2, of lengths 16 m and 12 m respectively, are insulated at both the
ends. Rod R1 is being heated from a specific point while rod R2 is being cooled from a
specific point. The temperature (T) in Celsius within both rods fluctuates based on the
distance (x) measured from either end. The temperature at a particular point along the rod is
determined by the equations T = (16 - x)x and T = (x - 12)x for rods R1 and R2 respectively,
where the distance x is measured in meters from one of the ends.
(i) Find the rate of change of temperature at the mid point of the rod that is being heated.
Show your steps.
(ii) Find the minimum temperature attained by the rod that is being cooled. Show your
work.

17
10 A medicinal drug administered into a human
body requires some time to produce its effect on
the body. The amount (in mg) of a certain
medicinal drug in the bloodstream at t hours
after administering the drug to an individual is
given by the function:
C(t) = −t3 + 4.5t2 + 54t , 0 ≤ t ≤ 10
Shown below is the graph of C(t) in the interval
[0, 10].

i) Find the rate at which the amount of drug is changing in the bloodstream at 5 hours
after administering the drug. Show your work.
ii) Show that the function C(t) is strictly increasing in the interval (3, 4).
OR
The amount of the drug in the bloodstream at which the action of the drug is maximum is
denoted by Cmax. How long after administering the drug is Cmax attained? Show your
work and give valid reasons.
iii) Find the amount of drug in the bloodstream at the time when the effect of the drug
is maximum. Show your work.
ANSWER KEY

Case Study 1:
Ans (i) 4y + (2 + π)x = 10 (ii) A = 10 – (2 + π)x + (πx2)/2 (iii) 50/(4+π)
Case Study 2:
Ans (i) 2x + πy = 200 (ii)A= 2/π (100x-x2 ) (iii) 5000/ π m2
Case Study 3:
(i)5x-x^2/100 (ii) 24/5-x/50 (iii) 240
Case Study 4
Ans (i) 4xy + x2 ii) 4xy + x2 = c2 (iii) 1/4(c2- x3) or x=c/√3
Case Study 5
Ans (i) h=v/(πr2 ) (ii)2v/r+ πr2 (iii)(v/π)(1/3)
Case Study 6
Ans (i) 4 – x (ii) 6 cm
Case Study 7
(i) (500-x)(300+x) (ii) [(500/x)-1][300+x] (iii) 160,000
Case Study 8
(i) (0,9) (ii) x(18-2x) (18-2x) (iii) 432 cm3
Case Study 9
Ans (i) The mid-point of the rod as x = 8 m
(ii) T(6) = (6 - 12)6 = -36 °C.
Case Study 10
Ans (i) C′(5) = 24 mg/hr
C(t) is strictly increasing in the interval (3, 4).
Or
6 hours C(6) = 270
Chapter 7 : Integrals
1 𝒂 𝒅𝒙 𝝅
If ∫𝟎 = 𝟖 , then 𝒂 =
𝟏+𝟒𝒙𝟐
𝝅 𝟏
(a) 𝟐 (b) −𝟏 (c) 𝟐 (d) −𝟐

2 𝑠𝑖𝑛6 𝑥
∫ 𝑑𝑥 =
𝑐𝑜𝑠 8 𝑥
𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑛7 𝑥 tan 7𝑥
(a) tan 7𝑥 + 𝐶 (b) +𝐶 (c) +𝐶 (d) 𝑠𝑒𝑐 7 𝑥 + 𝐶
7 7

18
 In the following questions 3 and 4, a statement of assertion (A) is followed by a statement of
reason (R). Mark the correct choice as:
(a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason(R) is the correct explanation of
assertion (A).
(b) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true but Reason(R) is not the correct explanation
of assertion (A).
(c) Assertion (A) is true but reason (R) is false.
(d) Assertion (A) is false but reason (R) is true.
𝜋
3
Assertion (A): ∫ 2𝜋 𝑥 cos 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 = 0.
−
2
𝑎 𝑎
Reason (R): (𝑖) ∫−𝑎 𝑓(𝑥)𝑑𝑥 = 2 ∫0 𝑓(𝑥)𝑑𝑥 if function is an even function i.e. 𝑓(−𝑥) = 𝑓(𝑥).
𝑎
(𝑖𝑖) ∫−𝑎 𝑓(𝑥)𝑑𝑥 = 0, if function is an odd function i.e. 𝑓(−𝑥) = −𝑓(𝑥).

4 Assertion (A): Geometrically, derivative of a function is the slop of tangent to the corresponding curve
at a point.
Reason (R): Geometrically, indefinite integral of a function represents a family of curve parallel to
each other.

An integral can be transformed into another form by changing the independent variable 𝒙 to 𝒕 by
substituting 𝒙 = 𝒈(𝒙). Consider 𝑰 = ∫ 𝒇(𝒙)𝒅𝒙
𝒅𝒙
Put 𝒙 = 𝒈(𝒙) so that 𝒅𝒕 = 𝒈′ (𝒙) then we write 𝒅𝒙 = 𝒈′ (𝒙)𝒅𝒕
Thus, 𝑰 = ∫ 𝒇(𝒙)𝒅𝒙 = ∫ 𝒇(𝒈(𝒙)) 𝒈′ (𝒙)𝒅𝒕
This change of variable formula is one of the important tools available to us in the name of integration
by substitution. Based on the above information, answer the following questions:

5 sin √𝑥
Evaluate: ∫ 𝑑𝑥
√𝑥

6 𝑑𝑥
Evaluate: ∫ 𝑐𝑜𝑠2 𝑥(1−tan 𝑥)2

7 ''The integration of the product of two functions = (first function) x (integral of the second
function) - Integral of [(differential coefficient of the first function) x (Integral of the second
function)]''. This is found quite useful in integrating product of functions. Based on the above
information answer the following.
∫ 𝑥 𝑠𝑒𝑐 2 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 =
(𝑎) 𝑥 tan 𝑥 + log|sec 𝑥| + 𝐶 (b) tan 𝑥 + log|sec 𝑥| + 𝐶
(c) 𝑥 tan 𝑥 + log|cosec 𝑥| + 𝐶 (d) 𝑥 tan 𝑥 − log|sec 𝑥| + 𝐶

∫ 𝒆𝒙 (𝒇(𝒙) + 𝒇′ (𝒙)) = 𝒆𝒙 𝒇(𝒙) + 𝑪

Using the above formula answer the following question.

8
∫ 𝑒 𝑥 (1 + tan 𝑥 + 𝑡𝑎𝑛2 𝑥) 𝑑𝑥 =
(a) 𝑒 𝑥 sec 𝑥 + 𝐶 (b) 𝑒 𝑥 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑐 𝑥 + 𝐶 (c) 𝑒 𝑥 tan 𝑥 + 𝐶 (d) 𝑒 𝑥 cot 𝑥 + 𝐶

ANSWER KEY
1 (c)
2 (b)
3 (a)
4 (b)
5 − cos √𝑥 + 𝐶
6 1
+𝐶
1 − tan 𝑥
7 (d)
19
8 (c)
Chapter 8 : Application of Integration
1 Three friends Amit, Sumit and Rahul are living in a society. The
location of their houses in the society forms a triangular shape.
The location of their houses in the society is represented by the
points A(-1,0) , B(1,3) and C(3,2) as shown in given figure-
(i) Find the equation of line AB and BC.
(ii) Find the area of region ABCD.

2 Riya loves to eat pizza . She cuts the pizza with a knife. Pizza is
circular in shape represented by x2 + y2=4 and the sharp edge of
the knife represents a straight line given by x=√3 y.
(i) Find the point of intersection in first quadrant where line cuts the
pizza.
(ii) Write the integral expression to find the area of each slice of
pizza if it is cut into 4 equal pieces and also find area of each piece.
3 The bridge connects two hills
100 feet apart. The arc on the
bridge is in parabolic form.
The highest point on the
bridge is 10 feet above the
road at the middle of the
bridge as shown in the figure.
(i) Find the equation of
parabola designed on the bridge.
(ii) Find the area formed by the curve x2= 250y, X- axis, y=0 and y=10.

4 𝑥2 𝑦2
A mirror is in the shape of an ellipse represented by + = 1 was
9 4
hanging on the wall. Arun and his sister were playing with ball inside the
house. All of sudden ball hits the mirror and got a scratch in the shape of
𝑥 𝑦
line represented by 3 + 2 = 1 .

(i) Find points of intersection of straight line and ellipse.

(ii) Find the area of shaded portion.

5 A modulus function, also known as an absolute value function, is a function that returns the absolute
value of a number or variable, regardless of its sign

(i) Draw Rough sketch of of y= |𝑥 − 6| .

(ii) Find the area of region bounded between y= |𝑥 − 6| , positive x axis and y axis.

ANSWER KEY
1. (i) 3x – 2y +3=0 , x+2y-7=0 (ii) Area of region ABCD = 8 sq. units
2
2. (i) (√3 , 1) (ii) ∫0 √4 − 𝑥 2 dx , 3.14 sq. units
3. (i) x2= 250y (ii) 1000/3 sq. units
4. (i) (0,2) and (3,0) (ii) 1.71 sq. units

5. (i) (ii) 18 sq units

20
 Chapter 9 : Differential Equations
1 A helicopter moves on a path in such a way that at any point (𝑥,𝑦) of the path the slope of tangent is
twice the slope of the line – segment joining the point of contact to the point (−4,−3) .
Based on the above, answer the following questions:
a) Find the differential equation according to the given condition.
b) Find the solution of the differential equation obtained in part a.
c) If the helicopter passes through the point (−2, 1) , then find the
equation of the path

2 An equation involving derivatives of the dependent variable with respect to the independent
dy
variables is called a differential equation. A differential equation of the form dx = F(x, y) is said to
be homogeneous if F(x, y) is a homogeneous function of degree zero, whereas a function F(x, y) is a
homogeneous function of degree n if F(λx, λy) = λn F(x, y). To solve a homogeneous differential
dy y
equation of the type = F(x, y) = g ( ), we make the substitution y = vx and then separate the
dx x
variables.
Based on the above, answer the following questions:
dy y
(i) Show that (x 2 − y 2 )dx + 2xydy = 0 is a differential equation of the type dx = g (x).
(ii) Solve the above equation to find its general solution.

3
A bacteria sample of certain number of bacteria is observed to grow exponentially in a given amount
of time. Using exponential growth model, the rate of growth of this sample of bacteria is calculated.

The differential equation representing the

𝑑𝑃
growth of bacteria is given as: = 𝑘𝑃 ,
𝑑𝑡
where P is the population of bacteria at any
time ‘t’.
Based on the above information, answer the following questions:
(i) Obtain the general solution of the given differential equation and express it as an exponential
function of ‘t’.
(ii) If population of bacteria is 1000 at t = 0 and 2000 at t = 1, find the value of K.

4 A Veterinary doctor was examining a sick cat brought by a pet lover. When it was brought to the
hospital,it was already dead. The pet lover wanted to
find its time of death. He took the temperature of the
cat at 11.30 pm which was 94.6 F. He took the
temperature again after one hour; the temperature
was lower than the first observation. It was 93.4 F.
The room in which the cat was put is always at 70 F.
The normal temperature of the cat is taken as 98.6 F
when it was alive. The doctor estimated the time
of death using Newton law of cooling which is
governed by the differential equation: dT/ dt ∝ (𝑇
− 70), where 70 F is the room temperature and T is
the temperature of the object at time t. Substituting
the two different observations of T and t made, in the solution of the differential equation dT/ dt = k
(𝑇 − 70) where k is a constant of proportion, time of death is calculated.
(i) Find the solution of the differential equation dT/ dt = k (𝑇 − 70).
(ii) If T= 85F find the value of K. and t.

21
5 Polio drops are delivered to 50K children in a district. The rate at which polio drops are given is
directly proportional to the number of children who have not been
administered the drops. By the end of 2nd week half the children have
been given the polio drops. How many will have been given the drops by
the end of 3rd week can be estimated using the solution to the differential
equation dy/ dx= (𝟓𝟎 − 𝐲) where x denotes the number of weeks and y
the number of children who have been given the drops. 25
i) Find the solution of the differential equation dy/ dx = (𝟓𝟎 − 𝐲) .
ii) Find the value of c in the particular solution given that y(0) = 0 and k = 0.049 .
iii) Find the number of children given the drops by the end of the 3rd week .

6 Commodity prices are primarily determined by the forces of supply and demand in the market. For
example, if the supply of oil increases, the price of one barrel
decreases. Conversely, if demand for oil
increases (which often happens during the summer), the price
rises. Gasoline and natural gas fall into the
energy commodities category.
The price p (dollars) of each unit of a particular commodity
𝑑𝑝 −135𝑥
is estimated to be changing at the rate 𝑑𝑥 = where x
√9+𝑥 2
(hundred) units is the consumer demand (the number of units
purchased at that price). Suppose 400 units (x = 4) are demanded when the price is Rs.30 per unit.
(i) Find the demand function p (x).
(ii) At what price will 300 units be demanded? At what price will no units be demanded?
(iii) How many units are demanded at a price of Rs.20 per unit?

7 Chemical reaction, a process in which one or more substances, the reactants, are converted to one or
more different substances, the products.
Substances are either chemical elements or
compounds. A chemical
reaction rearranges the constituent atoms of
the reactants to create different substances as
products.In a certain chemical reaction, a
substance is converted into another
substance at a rate proportional to the square
of the amount of the first substance present
at any time t . Initially ^t = 0h 50 g of the
first substance was present; 1 hr later, only 10 g of it remained.
(i) Find an expression that gives the amount of the first substance present at any time t .
(ii) What is the amount present after 2 hr?
8 Brine is a high-concentration solution of salt in
water. In diverse contexts, brine may refer to the
salt solutions ranging from about 3.5% up to
about 26%. Brine forms naturally due to
evaporation of ground saline water but it is also
generated in the mining of sodium chloride.A
tank initially contains 10 gallons of pure water.
Brine containing 3 pounds of salt per gallon
flows into the tank at a rate of 2 gallons per
minute, and the well-stirred mixture flows out
of the tank at the same
rate.
(i) How much salt is present at the end of 10 minutes?
(ii) How much salt is present in the long run?
𝑡
A-8 (i) A(t) =30(1-𝑒 −5 ) =>A(10) =approx25.94 pounds
𝑡
(ii) lim 𝐴(𝑡) = lim 30(1 − 𝑒 −5 )=30 pounds
𝑡→∞ 𝑡→∞

9 9 COVID-19 vaccine are delivered to 90 K senior citizens in a state. The rate at which
COVID-19 vaccine are given is directly proportional to the number of senior citizens who
22
 have not been administered the vaccines. By the end of 3rd week, 3/4 th number of senior
citizens have been given the COVID-19 vaccines. How many will have been given the
vaccines by the end of 4th week can be estimated using the solution to the differential
equation 𝑑𝑦 /𝑑𝑥 = k (90 − y), where x denotes the number of weeks and y the number of
senior citizens who have been given the vaccines. Based on the above information, solve the
following questions:
(i). Find the order and degree of the given differential equation ?
(ii) Find the solution of given differential equation.
10 Bata India is the largest retailer and leading manufacturer of footwear in India and is a part
of the Bata Shoe Organization. Incorporated as Bata
Shoe Company Private Limited in 1931, the
company was set up initially as a small operation in
Konnagar (near Calcutta) in 1932. In January 1934,
The manager of BATA show room at Jaipur
determines that the price p (dollars) for each pair of
a popular brand of sports sneakers is changing at the
−300𝑥
rate of p’(x)= 2 2
when x (hundred) pairs
(𝑥 +9)√(𝑥 +9)
are demanded by consumers. When the price is Rs.75 per pair, 400 pairs
(x = 4)are demanded by consumers.
(i) Find the demand (price) function p( x).
(ii) At what price will 500 pairs of sneakers be demanded? At what price will no sneakers be
demanded?
(iii) How many pairs will be demanded at a price of Rs.90 per pair?

A-10
ANSWER KEY
1 a) dy/dx= (2(y+3))/(x+4)
b) y + 3 = ± k (x+4)2
c) y + 3 = (x+4)2
2 𝑦2
𝑑𝑦 −1
𝑥2
(i) = 𝑦
𝑑𝑥 2
𝑥

(ii) y2+x2 = k | x |
3
(i) P(t)=P0ekt
(ii) The value of k is approximately: K ≈ 0.693.

4 (i) T(t)=70+C1ekt.
(ii) k = ln(0.9512). or k ≈ −0.0499. t = 9.9 hrs (The cat's temperature was 85 0 F approximately 9.9
hours before the current time).

5 (i) y=50−C1e−kx
(ii) C1=50
(iii) y≈6.84K.
6 (i) p(x) = -135√9 + 𝑥 2 + 705
(ii) p(3)=Rs.132.24 per unit & p(0)=Rs.300 per unit
(iii) Approx 409 units will be demanded
7 50
(i) Q(t) = 4𝑡+1
(ii)Q(2) = 5.56 grams
𝑡
8 (i) A(t) =30(1-𝑒 −5 ) =>A(10) =approx25.94 pounds
𝑡
(ii) lim 𝐴(𝑡) = lim 30(1 − 𝑒 −5 )=30 pounds
𝑡→∞ 𝑡→∞

9 (i) Order = 1 , Degree = 1

(ii) y(x)=90−C1e−kx.
23
10 (i) p(x) = 150(x2+9) −1/2 + C,
(ii) the price when 500 pairs are demanded is approximately Rs. 70.73. & the price when
no sneakers are demanded is Rs. 95.
(iii) when the price is Rs. 90 per pair, approximately 145 pairs will be demanded.

Chapter 10 & Chapter 11 : Vector Algebra and Three Dimensional Geometry

1. The Indian coast guard while patrolling, saw a suspicious boat with people. They were not
looking like fishermen. The coast guards were
closely observing the movement of the boat for
an opportunity to seize the boat. They observed
that the boat is moving along a planar surface.
At an instant of time, the coordinates of the
position of the coastguard helicopter and the
boat is(1,3,5)and(2,5,3)respectively.
Based on the above answer the following
(i) At that given instant of time, find the equation of the line passing through the position of the
helicopter and the boat.
(a) (x-1)/1 = (y-3)/2= (z-5)/-2
(b) (x-2)/2 = (y-1)/1= (z-5)/-2
(c) (x-3)/2 = (y-3)/2= (z-5)/-2
(d) (x-1)/1 = (y-3)/2= (z+2)/-2
(ii) Find the direction cosines of the line joining the helicopter and the boat.
(a) 1/3, 2/3, -2/3
(b) 2/3, 1/3, -1/3
(c) -1/3, 2/3, -2/3
(d)1/3,-2/3,2/3
(iii) Find the distance between the helicopter and the boat.
(a) 5 units
(b) 2 units
(c) 3 units
(d) 9 units
(iv) If l, m, and n are the direction cosine of a line the which of the following is correct ?
(a) l2 + m2 - n2 = 1
(b) l2 - m2 + n2 = 1
(c) l2 + m2 + n2 = -1
(d) l2 + m2 + n2 = 1
2. Three photographs are to be placed on the wall of the hall at
the points A, B & C. The coordinates of these points are (1, 4,
2), (3, -3, -2) and (-2, 2, 6) respectively.
Based on the above information, answer the following
questions
(i) Let 𝑎⃗,𝑏 and 𝑐⃗ be the position vectors of points A, B and C respectively, then 𝑎⃗+𝑏⃗⃗ +𝑐⃗ is
⃗⃗
equal to
(a) 2𝑖̂ + 3𝑗̂ + 6𝑘̂
(b) 2𝑖̂- 3𝑗̂ - 6𝑘̂
(c) 2𝑖̂ + 8𝑗̂ + 3𝑘̂
(d) 2𝑖̂ + 3𝑗̂ - 6𝑘̂
(ii) Area of ΔABC is
(a) 19 sq. units
(b) √1937 sq. units

24
 1
(c) 2
√1937 sq. units
1
(d) 4
√1937 sq. units
(iii) Which of the following is not true?
(a) ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝐴𝐵 +𝐵𝐶 ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ +𝐶𝐴
⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ = ⃗0⃗
⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ +𝐵𝐶
(b) 𝐴𝐵 ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ - 𝐶𝐴
⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ = ⃗0⃗
(c) ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝐴𝐵 +𝐵𝐶 ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ - ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝐴𝐶 = ⃗0⃗
(d) None of these
(iv) The unit vector in the 𝑎⃗+𝑏⃗⃗ +𝑐⃗is :
2 3 6
(a) 𝑖̂ - 𝑗̂ + 𝑘̂
7 7 7
2 3 6
(b) 7 𝑖̂ + 𝑗̂ - 7 𝑘̂
7
2 3 6
(c) 𝑖̂ + 𝑗̂ + 7 𝑘̂
7 7
2 3 6
(d) 𝑖̂ + 𝑗̂ + 𝑘̂
9 9 9
3. Solar Panels have to be installed carefully so
that the tilt of the roof, and the direction to the
sun, produce the largest possible electrical
power in the solar panels. A surveyor uses his
instrument to determine the coordinates of the
four corners of a roof where solarpanels are to
be mounted. In the picture , suppose the points
are labelled counterclockwise from the roof
corner nearest to the camera in units of meters P1 (6,8,4) ,P2 (21,8,4), P3 (21,16,10) and P4
(6,16,10)
(i) What are the components to the two edge vectors defined by 𝑨⃗⃗ = PV of P2 – PV of P1 and
𝑩⃗⃗ = PV of P4 – PV of P1? (where PV stands for position vector)
(ii) What are the magnitudes of the vectors 𝑨⃗⃗ and 𝑩⃗⃗ ?
(iii) What are the components to the vector 𝑵⃗⃗ , perpendicular to 𝑨⃗⃗ and 𝑩⃗⃗ and the surface of the
roof?
(iv) What is the angle between vectors 𝑵⃗⃗ and 𝑺⃗⃗ ? What is the elevation angle of the sun above
the plane of the roof? (COS 510 =0.629 )
4. A class XII student appearing for a competitive examination was asked to attempt the
following questions.
Let 𝑎,⃗⃗𝑏,⃗⃗ and 𝑐⃗⃗ 𝑏𝑒 𝑡ℎ𝑟𝑒𝑒 non zero vectors .
(i) If 𝑎⃗⃗ and 𝑏⃗⃗ are such that|𝑎 +𝑏⃗ |=|𝑎 −𝑏⃗ | then
a. 𝑎⃗⃗┴𝑏⃗⃗
b. 𝑎⃗⃗║𝑏⃗⃗
c. 𝑎⃗⃗ = 𝑏⃗⃗
d. None of these
(ii) If 𝑎⃗⃗ = 𝑖̂−2𝑗̂ ,𝑏⃗⃗ =2𝑖̂+𝑗̂+3𝑘̂ then evaluate (2𝑎 +𝑏⃗ )∙[(𝑎 +𝑏⃗ )×(𝑎 −2𝑏⃗ )]
a. 0
b. 4
c. 3
d. 2
(iii) If 𝑎⃗⃗ and 𝑏⃗⃗ are unit vectors and 𝜃 be the angle between them then |𝑎 −𝑏⃗ | is
a. 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃/2
b. 2 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃/2
c. 2 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃/2
d. 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃/2
25
(iv) The area of the parallelogram formed by 𝑎 and 𝑏⃗ as diagonals is
a. 70
b. 35
c. √70/2
d. √70
5. A cricket match is organized between two Clubs A
and B for which a team from each club is chosen.
Remaining players of Club A and Club B are
respectively sitting on the plane represented by the
equation .(2 𝑖 ⃗ −𝑗 ⃗ + 𝑘⃗ )=3 and
𝑟 .( 𝑖 ⃗ +3𝑗 ⃗ +2 𝑘⃗⃗ )=8, to cheer the team of their own
clubs.
Based on the above answer the following:
(i) The magnitude of the normal to the plane on which players of club B are seated, is
a. √15
b. √14
c. √17
d. √20
(ii) Which of the following is a player of Club B?
a. Player sitting at (1, 2, 1)
b. Player sitting at (0, 1, 2)
c. Player sitting at (1, 4, 1)
d. Player sitting at (1, 1, 2)
(iii) The distance of the plane, on which players of Club B are seated, from the origin is
a. 8√14 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠
b. 6√14 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠
c. 7√14 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠
d. 9√14 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠
6. The equation of motion of a missile are x = 3t, y = -4t, z = t, where the time ‘t’ is given in
seconds, and the distance is measured in kilometres.

Based on the above answer the following:

(i) What is the path of the missile?
a. Straight line
b. Parabola
c. Circle
d. Ellipse
(ii) Which of the following points lie on the path of the missile?
a. (6, 8, 2)
b. (6, -8, -2)
c. (6, -8, 2)
26
 d. (-6, -8, 2)

(iii) At what distance will the rocket be from the starting point (0, 0, 0) in 5 seconds?
a. √550 kms
b. √650 kms
c. √450 kms
d. √750 kms
(iv) If the position of rocket at a certain instant of time is (5, -8, 10), then what will be the
height of the rocket from the ground? (The ground is considered as the xy – plane).
a. 12 km
b. 11 km
c. 20 km
d. 10 km
7. A mobile tower stands at the top of a hill. Consider the surface on which the tower stands as
a plane having points A(1, 0, 2), B(3, -1, 1) and C(1, 2, 1)
on it. The mobile tower is tied with 3 cables from the
point A, B and C such that it stands vertically on the
ground. The top of the tower is at the point (2, 3, 1) as
shown in the figure.
Based on the above answer the following:
(i) The height of the tower from the ground is
a. 5/√29 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠
b. 7/√29 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠
c. 6/√29 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠
d. 8/√29 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠
(ii) The equation of the perpendicular line drawn from the top of the tower to the ground is
a. (𝑥– 1)/2= (𝑦 + 3)/1= (𝑧– 5)/−2
b. (𝑥– 2)/−3= (𝑦– 3)/2= (𝑧– 1)/−4
c. (𝑥– 2)/3= (𝑦– 3)/2= (𝑧– 1)/4
d. (𝑥 + 1)/−2= (𝑦 + 3)−1= (𝑧– 5)
(iii) The coordinates of the foot of the perpendicular drawn from the top of the tower to the
ground are
a. (43/29,−77/29,−9/29)
b. (9/7,−1/7,−10/7)
c. (−43/29,77/29,−9/29)
d. (43/29,77/29,9/29)
(iv) The area of Δ 𝐴𝐵𝐶 is
a. √29/4 sq. units
b. √29/2 sq. units
c. √39/2 sq. units
d. √39/4 sq. units
8. Two skyscrapers are represented by the following equations:
Skyscraper 1: (x−1)/2=(y+1)/−1=(z−3)/1,
Skyscraper 2: (x−2)/−1=(y+2)/2=(z−4)/−2
(i) Find the shortest distance between the two skyscrapers.
(ii) Determine if the skyscrapers are skew lines.
9. Aditi purchased an air plant holder which is in the shape of
a tetrahedron. Let A, B, C and D are thecoordinates of the
air plant holder where A = (1, 1, 1), B = (2, 1, 3), C = (3, 2,
2) and D = (3, 3, 4).
Based on the above information, answer the following
questions.
27
(i) Find the position vector AB
(ii) Find the position vector AC
(iii) Find the unit vector along AD.
OR
Find the area of ΔABC).
10. Ritika starts walking from his house to
shopping mall. Instead of going to the mall
directly, she firstgoes to a ATM, from there
to her daughter’s school and then reaches
the mall. In the diagram, A, B,C and D
represent the coordinates of House, ATM,
School and Mall respectively.

(i) Find the position vector AB

(ii) Find the position vector BC
(iii) Find the unit vector along AD
11. A cricket match is organized between the clubs A and
B for which a team from each club is chosen.
Remaining players of club A and club B are
respectively sitting on the lines represented by the
equations
(x-3)/1=(y-2)/2=(z+4)/2, and (x-5)/3=(y+2)/2=z/6

(i) Find the vector equation of the line on which players of club A can be seated.

(ii) Write the direction ratios of the line on which players of club B are seated.

(iii) Find the angle between the lines on which players of clubs A and B are seated.

12. In the given figure, the vector equation of lines in the extreme left side are
𝑟⃗ = 𝑖̂ − 2𝑗̂ + 𝜆(𝑖̂ + 3𝑗̂ + 𝑘̂) and 𝑟⃗ = 𝑖̂ + 𝑗̂ + 𝜆(𝑖̂ +
3𝑗̂ + 𝑘̂) . There are 8 linesbetween the two
extreme lines and the distancebetween any
twoconsecutive lines are equal.If the cartesian
equation of finishing line is
7 – x = 3y – 2 = 1 – z and position vector of
winningplayer (position shown in figure below) is
2𝑖̂ + 3𝑗̂ − 3𝑘̂ .
Based on the given information, answer the
following questions:
(i) Find the distance between any two consecutive lines.
(ii) Find the perpendicular distance between the position of winning player and the finishing line

ANSWER KEY
1(i) (a) (x-1)/1 =(y-3)/2=(z-5)/-2
1(ii) (a) 1/3, 2/3, -2/3
28
1(iii) (c) 3 units
1(iv) (d) l2 + m2 + n2 = 1
2(i) (a) 2𝑖̂ + 3𝑗̂ + 6𝑘̂
2(ii) 1
(c) 2 √1937sq. units
2(iii) ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ +𝐵𝐶
(b) 𝐴𝐵 ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ - 𝐶𝐴
⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ = ⃗0⃗
2 3 6
2(iv) (c) 𝑖̂ + 𝑗̂ + 𝑘̂
7 7 7
3(i) 15, 0, 0 : 0, 8, 6
3(ii) Answer : 15 unit , Answer :√82+62=√64+36=√100 = 10 unit
3(iii) 𝑵⃗⃗ =𝐴 ×𝐵⃗ = 90𝑗̂ + 120𝑘̂ , ans 90 , 120
3(iv) The dot product is just 𝑭⃗⃗ ∙ 𝑵⃗⃗ = 455*(0) -780*(-90) + 130*120 = 85,800 watts.
From the definition of dot product: 𝑭⃗⃗ ∙ 𝑵⃗⃗ = |𝑭⃗⃗ ||𝑵⃗⃗ |cosθ
Then since | 𝑭⃗⃗ | = 910 and |𝑵⃗⃗ | = 150 and 𝑭⃗⃗ ∙ 𝑵⃗⃗ = 85,800 we have
cosθ = (85800/(910x150)) = 0.629 and so θ =cos-1(0.629) which is 0.8905 rad and is
51o.(using cosine table)
This is the angle between the normal to the surface and the incident solar rays.
The compliment of this is the elevation of the sun above the plane of the roof or
90-51 = 39o.
4(i) (a) |𝑎 +𝑏⃗ |2=|𝑎 −𝑏⃗ |2 implies that 𝑎 ∙𝑏⃗ =0, 𝑎⃗⃗┴𝑏⃗⃗
4(ii) (a) 0
4(iii) (b) 2 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃/2
4(iv) (c) √70/2 sq units
5(i) (b) √14_
5(ii) (d) Player sitting at (1, 1, 2)
5(iii) (a) 8√14 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠
6(i) (a) Straight line
6(ii) (c) (6, -8, 2 )
6(iii) (b) √650 kms
6(iv) (d) 10 km
7(i) (a) 5/√29 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠
7(ii) c. (𝑥– 2)/3= (𝑦– 3)/2= (𝑧– 1)/4
7(iii) d. (43/29,77/29,9/29)
7(iv) b. √29/2 sq. units
8(i) The shortest distance=∣−32∣/√342=32/√342 units
8(ii) Since d1×d2=⟨1,−4,−5⟩≠0, and they do not intersect (substitute to check), the lines areskew.
9(i)
Position vector AB
9(ii)
Position vector AC
9(iii)
Unit vector alongAD
OR

Area of ΔABC =
10(i) Position vector AB = −𝟑𝒊̂ + 𝟑𝒋̂ + 𝟎𝟒𝒌 ̂
10(ii) ̂
Position vector BC = 𝒊̂ + 𝒋̂ + 𝟒𝒌
𝟏
10(iii) ̂)
Unit vector along AD = 𝟏𝟖 (𝒊̂ + 𝒋̂ + 𝟒𝒌
11(i) Vector equation of given line is: 𝒓 ̂ + 𝝀(𝒊̂ + 𝟐𝒋̂ + 𝒌
⃗⃗ = 𝟑𝒊̂ + 𝟐𝒋̂ − 𝟒𝒌 ̂)
11(ii) direction ratios of this line are 3, 2, 6
11(iii) Angle between two lines = cos-1(19/21)

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12(i) Distance between two extreme lines = 3√22/11 units
12(ii) Required distance = √418/19 units
Chapter 12 : Linear Programming Problems
1 Read the following text and answer the following questions on the basis of the same:
A company produces soft drinks that
have a contract which requires that a
minimum of 80 units of the chemical
A and 60 units of the chemical B to
go into each bottle of the drink. The
chemicals are available in a prepared
mix from two different suppliers.
Supplier S has a mix of 4 units of A
and 2 units of B that costs Rs. 10,
the supplier T has a mix of 1 unit of A and 1 unit of B that cost Rs. 4. Suppose x units of
mix are purchased from supplier S and y units are purchased from supplier T.
On the basis of this formation, answer the following questions.
(i) What is the total cost of purchase from both the suppliers, represent this in equation
form.
(ii) Write the minimum requirement of chemical A in equation form.
(iii) Write the minimum requirement of chemical B in equation form.
(iv) How many mixes from S and T should the company purchase to honor contract
requirement and yet minimize cost ?
2 The corner points of the feasible region determined by
the system of linear constraints are as shown below:
Answer each of the following:
(i) Let Z=3x-4y be the objective function. Find the
maximum and minimum value of Z and also the
corresponding points at which the maximum and
minimum value occurs.
(ii) Let Z=px+qy, where p,q >0 be the objective
function. Find the condition on p and q so that the
maximum value of Z occurs at B(4,10) and C(6,8)
3 Tajesh rides his bike at 25km/h. he has to spend Rs. 2 per km on petrol and if he rides it at
faster speed of 40 km/h, the petrol cost increases to Rs. 5 per km. he has Rs. 100 to spend
on petrol and wishes to maximize the distance he can travel within one hour . Let he travels
x km with speed 25km/h and y km with speed 40km/h. it is given that objective function
Max Z=x+y
(i) Write the constraints for givem LPP
(ii) Draw the graph for feasible region
(iii) Write the corner points of feasible region and find Max Z
4 1. Read the following text and answer the following questions on the basis of the same:
Let R be the feasible region (convex polygon) for a linear programming problem and let Z=ax+by
be the objective function. When z has optimal value (maximum or Minimum),
where the variables x and y are subject to constraints described by linear inequalities,
this optimal value must occur at a corner points (vertex) of the feasible region.
(i) The corner points of the feasible region determined by the system of linear constraints are
(0,0),(0,40),(20,40),(60,20),(60,0). The objective function is Z=4x+3y compare the quantity in
column A and B

Column A Column B
320
Maximum of Z

30
 (ii) What do you understand by optimal solution

5 Shown below is the feasible region of a linear programming problem(LPP) whose objective
function is maximize Z = x + y Sarla claimed

that there exists no optimal solution for the

LPP as there is no unique maximum value at the

corner points of its feasible region.

Is her claim true? Give a valid reason.

ANSWER KEY

1 (i) Z=10x+4y
(ii) 4x+y ≥ 80
(iii) 2x + y ≥ 60
(iv) x=10 and y=40
2. (i) Max Z=12 at (4,0) & Min Z=-32 at (0,8)
(ii) p=q
3 (i) 2x + 5y ≤ 100, 8x + 5y ≤ 200, x ≥ 0, y ≥ 0

(ii)

(iii) Max Z=30 At x=50/3 and y=40/3

4 (i) The quantity in column B is greater
(ii) The optimum solution is the best possible result you can get (either the most or the least) when
considering the limitations (constraints) of the problem. This best result will always be found at one
of the corners of the allowed area.
5 Writes that Sarla's claim is false. Gives a reason. For example, every point on the
line joining ( 2/3,7/3) and (2, 1) gives the maximum value of Z which is 3. Hence, any
point on the line joining ( 2/3,7/3) and (2, 1) is an optimal solution
Chapter 12 : Probability
1 Read the following passage and answer the questions given below.
An electric circuit includes a device that gives energy to the charged particles constituting
the current, such as a battery or a generator;
devices that use current, such as lamps,
electric motors, or computers; and the
connecting wires or transmission lines.An
electric circuit consists of two subsystems say
A and B as shown below:
For previous testing procedures, the following
probabilities are assumed to be known.
P(A fails) = 0.2, P(B fails alone) = 0.15, P(A and B fail) =
0.15
Based on the above information answer the following
questions:
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 (a) What is the probability that B fails?
(b) What is the probability that A fails alone?
(c) Find the probability that the whole of the electric system fails?
OR
Find the conditional probability that B fails when A has already failed.
2 The reliability of a COVID 19 test is specified as follows:
Of people having COVID 19, 90% of the test detect the disease but 10% go undetected. Of
people free of COVID 19, 99% of the test are
judged COVID 19 negative but 1% are
diagnosed as showing COVID 19 positive. From
a large population of which only 0.1% have
COVID 19, one person is selected at
random,given the COVID19 test, and the
pathologist reports him/her as COVID 19
positive.
(i) What is the probability of the ‘person to be tested as COVID 19 positive’ given that ‘he is
actually having COVID 19’ and What is the probability of the ‘person to be tested as COVID
19 positive’ given that ‘he is actually not having COVID 19’?
(ii) What is the probability that the ‘person is actually not having COVID 19’?
(iii) What is the probability that the ‘person is actually having COVID 19’ given that ‘he is
tested as COVID 19 positive’?
OR
(iii) What is the probability that the ‘person selected will be diagnosed as COVID 19
positive’?
3 Recent studies suggest that roughly 12% of the world population is left-handed.
Depending upon the
parents, the chances of
having a left handed child
are as follows:

A : When both father and mother are left handed: Chances of left handed child is 24%.
B : When father is right handed and mother is left handed: Chances of left handed child is
22%.
C : When father is left handed and mother is right handed: Chances of left handed child is
17%.
D : When both father and mother are right handed: Chances of left handed child is 9%.
Assuming that P(A) = P(B) = P(C) = P(D) = 1/4 and L denotes the event that child is left
handed.
Based on the above information, answer the following question:
𝑳 𝑳̅
(i) Find P(𝑪) (ii) Find P(𝑪)
𝑨
(iii) (a) Find P( 𝑳 ) OR
(b) Find the probability that a randomly selected child is left handed given that exactly
one of the parents is left handed.
4 A salesman receives a commission for each sale he makes together with a fixed daily income.

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 The number of sales he makes in a day along with their probabilities are given in the table
below:
X: 0 1 2 3 4 5
P(X) : 0.42 3k 0.3 0.05 2k 0.03
His daily income Y (in ₹) is given by :
Y = 800X + 50
On the basis of the above information, answer the following questions :
(i) Find the value of k.
(ii) Evaluate P(X ≥ 3).
(iii) (a) Calculate the expected weekly income of the salesman assuming he works five days
per week. OR
(iii) (b) Calculate the expected weekly income of the salesman assuming he works only for
three days of the week.
5 Mahindra Tractors is India’s leading farm equipment
manufacturer. It is the largest tractor selling factory in the
world. This factory has two machine A and B. Past record
shows that machine A produced 60% and machine B
produced 40% of the output(tractors). Further 2% of the
tractors produced by machine A and 1% produced by
machine B were defective. All the tractors are put into one
big store hall and one tractor is chosen at random.
(i) Find the total probability of chosen tractor (at random) is defective
(ii) If in random choosing, chosen tractor is defective, then find the probability that the chosen
tractor is produced by machine ‘B’
6 Let d1, d2, d3 be three mutually exclusive diseases.
Let S = {S1, S2, S3, S4, S5, S6} be the set of observable symptoms of these diseases. For
example, S1 is the shortness of breath, S2 is the loss of weight, S3 is the fatigue, etc. Suppose
a random sample of 10,000 patients contains 3200 patients with disease d1, 3500 patients
with disease d2, and 3300 patients with disease d3. Also, 3100 patients with disease d1, 3300
patients with disease d2, and 3000 patients with disease d3 show the symptom S.
Based on the above information answer
the following questions:
(a) A person is chosen at random from the
sample of 10,000. What is The probability
that the person chosen does not suffer from
disease d3?
(b) Find the conditional probability that the patient shows the symptom S given that he suffers
from disease d1 and also calculate the conditional probability that the patient shows the
symptom S given that he suffers from disease d2.
OR
If a person chosen at random shows the symptom S, then what is the probability that he does
suffer from disease d1?
(c) Let di denote the event that the patient has disease di (i = 1, 2, 3) and S be the event that
𝑑
the patient shows the symptom S. Then find the value of ∑31 𝑃 ( 𝑖 )
𝑠

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7 In a town, it’s rainy one-third of the day. Given that it is rainy, there will be heavy traffic with
probability 1/2. Given that it is not rainy, there will be heavy
traffic with probability 1/4. If it’s rainy and there is heavy
traffic, I arrive late for work with probability 1/2. On the
other hand, the probability of being late is reduced to 1/8 if
it, is not rainy and there is no heavy traffic. In other situations
(rainy and no heavy traffic, net rainy and heavy traffic), the probability of being late is 1/4.
You pick a random day. Based on the above information, answer the following questions:
(i) What is the probability that it’s not raining and there is heavy traffic and I am not late?
(ii) What is the probability that I am late?
(iii) Given that I arrived late at work, what is the probability that it rained that day?
OR
(iii) If P(not A) = 0.7, P(B) = 0.7 and P(B/A) = 0.5, then find the P(A/B)
8 In a test, you either guesses or copies or knows the answer to a multiple-choice question with
four choice. The probability that you make a guess is 1/3, you copy the answer is 1/6. The
probability that
your answer is correct, given that you guess it, is
1/8. And also, the probability that you answer is
correct, given that you copy it, is 1/4.
(i) The probability that you know the answer.
(ii) Find the probability that your answer is correct
given that you guess it and the probability that
your answer is correct given that you know the answer .
(iii) Find the probability that you know the answer given that you correctly answered it.
OR
(iii) Find the total probability of correctly answered the question
ANSWER KEY
Q1: (a) 0.3 (b) 0.05 (c) 0.35 OR 0.75
Q2: (i) 0.9, 0.01 (ii) 0.999 (iii) 0.0816 OR 0.01089
Q3: (i) 0.18 (ii) 0.3333 (iii) (a) 0.3333 OR (b) 0.195
Q4: (i) k = 0.05 (ii) 0.08 (iii) (a) ₹ 4750 (b) ₹ 2850
Q5: (i) 0.018 (ii) 0.2222
Q6: (a) 0.67 (b) P(S|d1) = 0.96875, P(S|d2) = 0.94286
OR 0.3413 (c) 1
Q7: (i) 0.165 (ii) 0.3125 (iii) 0.2667 OR 0.5
Q8: (i) 0.5 (ii) 1/8, 1 (iii) 4/7 OR 11/48

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