T.C.

Ölçme, Seçme ve Yerleştirme Merkezi

YÜKSEKÖĞRETİM KURUMLARI SINAVI

YABANCI DİL TESTİ (YDT)

İNGİLİZCE
28 HAZİRAN 2020 PAZAR

Bu testlerin her hakkı saklıdır. Hangi amaçla olursa olsun, testlerin tamamının veya bir kısmının Merkezimizin yazılı izni olmadan kopya edilmesi,
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2020-YDT/İNG İNGİLİZCE TESTİ

Bu testte 80 soru vardır.

1. - 8. sorularda, cümlede boş bırakılan yerlere

4. Mobile learning, the role of which in education is
uygun düşen sözcük veya ifadeyi bulunuz.
becoming quite important, is often applied outside
classrooms to ---- the learning that takes place
inside classrooms.
1. Although considering how someone may react to a
A) enhance B) insist
situation can be worthwhile, making ---- about
another person’s behaviour may lead you to the
C) require D) suspect
wrong conclusions.
A) promises B) assumptions E) provide

C) mistakes D) priorities

E) compliments

5. In wealthier parts of the world, heart disease and

strokes ---- over a quarter of deaths and there are
many factors at play, with conventional wisdom
identifying cholesterol as one of the biggest
2. By the time psychology came into its own as an ---- offenders.
discipline after separating from philosophy, the
scientific revolution was two centuries old. A) rest on B) go through

A) offensive B) artificial C) account for D) bring down

C) inadequate D) independent E) stem from

E) outdated

6. In the 19-mile exclusion zone surrounding the

Chernobyl power plant in Ukraine, which ----
3. ----, the Universe was too energetic for stars to form, following the 1986 reactor meltdown, plants and
but as it expanded and cooled, it became possible animals ---- now in ways they never had before.
for gravity to form clumps of gas.
A) used to be contaminated / thrive
A) Initially B) Frankly
B) has been contaminated / will have been thriving
C) Virtually D) Ultimately
C) would have been contaminated / have been thriving
E) Merely
D) was contaminated / are thriving

E) had been contaminated / were thriving

1 Diğer sayfaya geçiniz.

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9. - 15. sorularda, cümlede boş bırakılan yerlere

7. Scientists conducting research to shed light on the
uygun düşen sözcük veya ifadeyi bulunuz.
possible causes of several mental disorders ---- a
link between lack of normal gut bacteria and brain
development changes that ---- schizophrenia.
9. Recently, the genome of an archaic human female
A) had observed / used to cause
---- a group called the Denisovans, who lived about
41,000 years ago, has been sequenced ---- a new
B) have observed / could cause
method of DNA research.
C) will observe / should cause A) for / by B) from / with

D) observed / should have caused C) in / onto D) among / beyond

E) are observing / had to cause E) towards / over

8. ---- as the main shipping route between the Indian 10. Kefir is a fermented drink similar ---- yoghurt and is
and Pacific Oceans, Singapore ---- traders from valued ---- its beneficial effects on microbes in our
China, India, and Europe for years. gut.
A) To be served / had attracted A) in / as B) with / about

B) Being served / would be attracting C) around / of D) to / for

C) To serve / will have been attracting E) from / by

D) Serving / has been attracting

E) Served / was attracting

11. Computers may be able to beat us in specific

activities; ----, it will be a long time before we see a
robot with human-like versatility.
A) moreover B) thus C) likewise

D) instead E) however

2 Diğer sayfaya geçiniz.

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12. ---- the wheel was invented, humans had devised 15. Some students wrongly interpret failure as resulting
various ways to move heavy objects around. from lack of ability ---- lack of effort, and do nothing
A) As long as B) Before about it since they believe that ability, unlike effort,
is something they really cannot do much about.
C) Whenever D) In case A) rather than B) similar to

E) Unless C) in case of D) in terms of

E) except for

13. Today, ---- language is completely isolated from ----

languages, which means there is a constant contact
among all languages.
A) any / a few B) no / other

C) a / several D) all / many

E) each / any

14. ---- people you dine with, ---- food you are likely to
eat because when dining with another person,
people eat 35 percent more than when they are
alone.
A) Whether / or B) Not only / but also

C) The more / the more D) Either / or

E) Neither / nor

3 Diğer sayfaya geçiniz.

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16. - 20. sorularda, aşağıdaki parçada

numaralanmış yerlere uygun düşen sözcük veya 18.
ifadeyi bulunuz.

A) occupation B) settlement C) requirement

The Incas were among the ancient people that used to
live in South America. They used both conquest and
D) destruction E) cultivation
peaceful assimilations to expand their empire (16)---- it
became the largest in pre-Colombian America.
Expansion was remarkably rapid, starting in earnest in
the reign of Pachacuti around 1438. Pachacuti and his
son, Tupac Inca, created a huge federal system
consisting of four provinces, each (17)---- by an Inca
governor. Following each new conquest, magnificent
roads, many of which were paved, were built to link it to
the capital of Cuzco and the rest of the empire. With its
19.
high-quality building work, Machu Pichu is the best
preserved (18)---- of the Inca civilisation. It is today a fine
example of architecture and planning (19)---- being
A) despite B) rather than
abandoned in the 16th century. The quality of the
stonework, the high altitude of its position and the
numerous temples that have been identified among its C) in case of D) in addition to
ruins seem to indicate that Machu Pichu was very
important (20)---- the Inca people. E) in terms of

16.
20.

A) whether B) whenever C) unless

A) off B) from C) by
D) if E) until
D) for E) upon

17.

A) overseen

B) overseeing

C) to have overseen

D) oversee

E) to oversee

4 Diğer sayfaya geçiniz.

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21. - 28. sorularda, verilen cümleyi uygun şekilde

23. When a prey animal or an unsuspecting human
tamamlayan ifadeyi bulunuz.
approaches, ----.
A) the box jellyfish is regarded as one of the most
venomous creatures in the ocean
21. Although classical music is claimed to improve
children’s intelligence, ----. B) the box jellyfish is found in coastal waters of northern
A) there may not be a correlation between intelligence Australia
and appreciation for classical music
C) the cells of the box jellyfish are triggered instantly and
B) parents’ time is probably better spent exposing their they deliver toxins
children to classical music right after birth
D) the box jellyfish gets its name from its cube-shaped
C) playing classical music to babies will inevitably make bell
them grow up smarter
E) the venom of the box jellyfish is fatal to humans,
D) parents may not overlook the possibility to enhance affecting the nervous system
the cognitive ability of their children

E) it is usually enough for parents to rely on classical

music alone for the cognitive development of their
children

24. As the climate warmed and the human population

grew and spread geographically, ----.
A) walking upright on two feet has long been considered
to be a human characteristic
22. Because people usually do not want to participate in
B) humans began to develop the first ‘civilised’ human
surveys, ----.
settlements
A) some researchers offer participants a motivational
reward to complete a survey C) they needed to find ways to keep warm and dry

B) a lot of companies rely on consumer surveys to D) we do not know when exactly humans started making
improve their products clothes and footwear
C) in a typical research design, data collection is followed E) the task of understanding the nature of early human
by data analysis life has been very difficult
D) data science is becoming more and more appealing to
scientists and business people alike

E) surveys have long remained a popular tool for

collecting information from people

5 Diğer sayfaya geçiniz.

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25. The rearing of livestock has brought great wealth to 27. ----, the American Marshall Plan helped to jump-start
Uruguay ----. the Austrian economy, laying the foundation for the
A) even if it has been described as a giant city with many country’s present-day prosperity.
farms A) Regardless of the capital city Vienna’s humble origins
as a Roman army camp on the Danube River
B) although recently tourism and banking have also
contributed to the national income B) As though its leaders had repeatedly requested
international financial assistance
C) as the capital city of Montevideo is also the largest city
with a population of around 1.5 million C) Because no one thought at the time that Austria would
receive international aid following World War II
D) whereas the country exports animal products all over
the world D) Although until recently its government has been
dominated by two political parties
E) as long as the population of livestock outnumbers the
human population E) Despite the damage from World War II and several
famines in the late 1940s

26. Obese people usually eat more than those of

average weight, ----. 28. The underlying cause of dyslexia, which is a
A) but research shows that gaining weight can be almost learning disability, is not known, ----.
as difficult as losing it A) as it is characterised by problems in reading, spelling,
writing, and etc.
B) thus, obese people may eat less food but get more
calories B) that is, it results from the inability to process graphic
symbols
C) therefore, individual variations in body metabolism
allow some to burn calories faster C) while dyslexic children often confuse the letter ‘d’ with
the letter ‘b’
D) yet they often believe that they eat less than others
D) even though research suggests the condition is often
E) because most overweight people perform less inherited
physical activity
E) so most children with the disability are of normal
intelligence

6 Diğer sayfaya geçiniz.

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29. - 31. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre

cevaplayınız. 30. Which of the following is true about hallucinations?

A) The majority of hallucinations involve situations that

are bizarre and complicated, according to cognitive
People have often reported seeing animals, inanimate psychologists.
objects, and people who have previously died. They
may be ‘ghosts’ or ‘angels’ and some involve quite B) Freudians have made the most detailed explanation
complicated scenes or bizarre situations. These are about the reasons for hallucinations.
known as hallucinations. Some visual hallucinations are
silent, but in some, people speak, often directly to the C) Cognitive psychologists and Freudians share many
individual experiencing the hallucination and give them perspectives on hallucinations.
specific commands. But why do hallucinations occur?
There are a number of psychological explanations for D) Freudians reject the idea that hallucinations are about
their occurrence. Freudians see hallucinations as one’s consciousness and feelings.
projections of unconscious wishes or wants. For
example, what a person experiences as “real” in a E) Despite finding out about the chemical processes
hallucination is actually something they felt but could not involved in hallucinations, biological psychologists do
express because it was felt subconsciously. Cognitive not know why individuals hallucinate in specific ways.
psychologists point to problems in cognitive processing,
particularly metacognition, which is concerned with the
understanding of others’ behaviours. However, it is the
biological psychologists who focus most clearly on the
causes. They see hallucinations primarily as deficits in
brain states resulting from damage and chemical
imbalances. They have been able to identify the
chemical processes that lead to hallucinations.
Nevertheless, explaining why a particular individual has 31. What is the passage mainly about?
a very particular hallucination remains something of a
mystery. A) A historical overview of hallucinations

B) Psychological approaches to the causes of

hallucinations

C) Types of hallucinations

D) The psychological and physiological effects of

29. According to the passage, biological psychologists hallucinations
----.
E) Cognitive processing and hallucinations
A) see hallucinations as the subconscious of an
individual with hidden wishes and desires

B) claim that hallucinations may occur due to some

physical or chemical problems in the brain

C) focus on seeing some spiritual concepts such as

ghosts and angels resulting in bizarre situations

D) regard hallucinations as the projections of other

people’s behaviours and their misinterpretation

E) treat hallucinations by giving specific commands to an

individual experiencing a hallucination

7 Diğer sayfaya geçiniz.

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32. - 34. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre

cevaplayınız. 33. Why do many people interested in outdoor activities
prefer to visit Sweden?
A) There are 100,000 lakes including Vanern, the
Sweden is Europe’s fifth-largest country, with an area third-largest in Europe.
about the size of California. Roughly 1,600 km lie
between its southernmost and northernmost points. B) The natural diversity, which the locals take pride
About 15% of its area lies north of the Arctic Circle, in, makes it attractive.
where, for a few days each summer, the sun never sets,
and never rises for a similar period in winter. The C) They may have a chance to meet the local indigenous
Swedish climate is not severe, thanks to the warming people herding reindeer.
influence of the Gulf Stream. Only 7% of Sweden’s area
is cultivated farmland; more than half of the country is D) They want to be there when the sun never sets in
covered by timberlands, consisting mostly of coniferous summer time.
forests. Mountains, fells, and wetlands occupy nearly a
quarter of the country. Sweden has about 100,000 E) The country being rich in natural energy resources is
lakes, which include Vanern, the third-largest body of appealing to them.
fresh water in Europe. The Swedes are proud of the
natural beauty of their country and this large variety in
landscape makes Sweden a prime travel destination for
outdoor enthusiasts. Norrland, the northern three-fifths
of the country, is rich in natural resources, including
timber, ore deposits, and rivers, whose waterfalls
contribute to the national energy supply. It is here that
the local indigenous people earn their traditional
livelihood herding reindeer. 34. What can be inferred about the local indigenous
population of Norrland?
A) Their work contributes to the national energy supply.

B) They are in constant fight with the Swedes over the

herding of reindeer.

C) They have promoted the tourism industry in Sweden.

32. Which of the following statements about Sweden
is true according to the passage? D) Their livelihood depends on the ore deposits and
A) Sweden is five times larger than California. waterfalls in Norrland.

E) They lead a pastoral life in a rural area of the country.

B) A very small portion of the country is used for
agriculture.

C) Mountains and wetlands constitute a great majority of

the country's surface area.

D) Norrland, the northern three-fifths of the country, is

uninhabited.

E) Coniferous forests cover only a tiny proportion of the

country.

8 Diğer sayfaya geçiniz.

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35. - 37. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre

cevaplayınız. 36. The underlined word “they” in the passage refers
to ----.
A) the legislative assemblies of England
Britain’s character has been shaped by its geographical
position as an island. Having never been successfully B) the islands of Britain
invaded since 1066, its people have developed their
own distinctive traditions and continue to delight in C) the inhabitants of Britain
their own nonconformity. Britain’s heritage can be seen
in its ancient castles, cathedrals, and stately homes with D) Scotland and Wales
their gardens and parklands. It is also evident in the
many age-old customs played out across the nation E) Gaelic languages and traditions
throughout the year. For a small island, Britain
encompasses a surprising variety in its regions, whose
inhabitants maintain distinct identities. Scotland and
Wales are separate countries from England with their
own legislative assemblies. They also have their own
surviving Gaelic languages and unique traditions. The
landscape is varied, too, from the mountains of Wales,
Scotland, and the north, through the flat expanses of the
Midlands and eastern England, to the soft, rolling hills of 37. Which of the following is true of the Southeast part
the south and west. The long, broad beaches of East
of Britain according to the passage?
Anglia contrast with the rocky inlets along much of the
west coast. Despite the spread of towns and cities over A) The modern buildings in the area are a direct contrast
the last two centuries, rural Britain still flourishes. The to the economic conditions the service and high-tech
countryside is dotted with farms and charming villages, industries operate in.
with picturesque cottages, and lovingly tended gardens.
The most populated part of the nation is the Southeast, B) Despite having successful service and high-tech
close to London, where modern office buildings mirror industries, there are not enough modern buildings in
the growth of the service and high-tech industries. London.

C) Modern office buildings of successful service and

high-tech industries have been a tradition in the
prosperous and densely populated areas of Britain.

D) Service and high-tech industries have seen

unprecedented growth after the region became
overcrowded.
35. The ancient castles, cathedrals, and stately homes
in Britain are an example of ----. E) The growth of service and high-tech industries is
A) its rich cultural past reflected by the contemporary architecture of the area.

B) British disobedience

C) the conflict between Scotland and Wales

D) Britain’s resistance to invasions

E) the architecture still practised today

9 Diğer sayfaya geçiniz.

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38. - 40. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre

cevaplayınız. 39. It is pointed out in the passage that the remains of
Anchiornis mentioned in the passage ----.
A) were in good condition in terms of the feather details it
Influenced by the common misconception, films such as had
Jurassic Park show dinosaurs with tough, leathery,
rhino-like skin, but it has since been proven that many B) were too small in quantity to come to a reasonable
dinosaur species were feathered. In a study, a group of conclusion about its flight capability
scientists have analysed the fossilised remains of the
bird-sized dinosaur Anchiornis, which lived 160 million C) lost its fundamental and peculiar features during
years ago. The specimen has particularly well-preserved the fossilisation period
feather details, a feature that is usually lost during
fossilisation. Covering its body, Anchiornis had unusual D) revealed that bird-sized dinosaurs had feathers tied
contour feathers plumage not used in flight that were together similar to birds’
soft and V-shaped, at around one to two centimetres in
length. Longer flight feathers emerged in layers from all E) were ordinary in terms of both feathers and the colours
four of the animal’s limbs. Anchiornis seems to have that they had
needed extra flight feathers because theirs were not
zipped together like a bird’s, and so generated less lift.
Fossil feathers in particular are very hard to interpret for
scientists because they are preserved as flat stains
derived from the feather pigments. So, making an
illustration of the dinosaur was very tough, but
the researchers worked closely with a scientific
illustrator and came up with the most accurate depiction
40. According to the passage, the drawing of an
of a dinosaur ever.
Anchiornis ----.
A) required a lot of work but resulted in the most realistic
dinosaur depiction so far

B) lacked the details showing the difference of flight

feathers from birds

38. According to the passage, the skin of dinosaurs ----. C) inaccurately illustrated a bird-sized dinosaur to
A) is generally believed to lack feathers but, in fact, many compare it to modern birds
dinosaur species had them
D) clarified that some dinosaurs were identical to today's
B) was first discussed by the films like Jurassic Park feathery birds in terms of feather structure
before the scientific community
E) was largely influenced by the traditional depictions of
C) started to change around 160 million years ago dinosaurs by the film industry

D) had an internal structure that made it impossible for

them to fly

E) is agreed to be more feathered compared to birds

10 Diğer sayfaya geçiniz.

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41. - 43. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre

cevaplayınız. 42. Which statement is true about native North
American tribes?
A) The lifestyles they adopted were quite similar to one
Since the time of Christopher Columbus, Europeans another.
have called the original inhabitants of North America
“Indians”. Giving them a common name is misleading B) The Cree lived in the north and hunted moose and
since these people had no national identity. They lived caribou.
in areas as diverse as the Arctic and the deserts of the
southwest, and differed greatly in their lifestyles. In the C) Most of the tribes lived in the Arctic rather than the
north, the Cree hunted moose and caribou. Tribes such southwest.
as the Huron and the Iroquois in the northeast and the
Apache in the southwest were farmers, while those in D) The Iroquois lived in the northeast and relied on
the northwest relied on fishing. Before the Europeans fishing.
arrived, some tribes of the great central plains cultivated
the fertile lands along rivers and streams, while others E) Before Europeans arrived, bison was the Plains
hunted bison during the summer. After European Indians’ primary food source.
contact, they took easily to the horses that were brought
and used them to help in their hunting. The huge herds
of bison then became more important to Plains Indians
─ they could eat their meat, make their skins into
clothing and shelters, and use their bones and horns to
make tools. Although they survived attempts by
European settlers to wipe them out, few native
Americans now follow a traditional lifestyle, but most are
very proud of their ancestry. 43. It can be inferred from the passage that due to
European interference ----.
A) most native Americans maintained their traditional
lifestyles

B) the Huron and the Apache living in the southwest

relied on hunting

41. According to the passage, giving a single common C) native Americans learned more efficient farming
name to all the original inhabitants of North America techniques
was inappropriate because ----.
D) Plains Indians became more successful hunters of
A) they were quite diverse and were not identified as one bison
unified entity
E) cultivating lands accompanied by hunting became the
B) they had nomadic lifestyles before settling down in main priorities for the natives
different places

C) very few of them are eager to follow the traditional

lifestyle today

D) it is still contradictory who the first nation that

appeared in the region was

E) they mostly farmed as well as hunting, especially

bison

11 Diğer sayfaya geçiniz.

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44. - 48. sorularda, karşılıklı konuşmanın boş

bırakılan kısmını tamamlayabilecek ifadeyi 45. Fiona:
bulunuz.  I find many ancient Roman buildings simply
beautiful. It's really amazing how they were able to
create such complex structures.
44. Reporter:
 So, you say we should spend less time in places Mary:
like cubicles, cars, and soft armchairs.  ----

Physician: Fiona:
 Exactly! We’re programmed to thrive in nature.  What do you mean?
Spending time outside boosts our mood and
makes us feel calmer. Mary:
 Well, it was in ancient Greece that classical
Reporter: architecture emerged and it was the Romans who
 ---- contributed much to its advancement in terms of
complexity.
Physician: A) The Romans are known for their contributions to wide
 Just simple things like enjoying your drinks or range of subjects from postal services to astronomy.
meals outside or doing some workouts outdoors.
A) How can we convince people who don’t like outdoor B) There are some art historians who claim that the
activities? Romans came up with nothing novel to the art of
architecture.
B) Do you agree that outdoor activities in big cities are
very expensive? C) The Romans were not the only ones adopting the
Greek styles and techniques in their architectural
C) What would you suggest for those who don’t know design.
where to start? D) The Roman baths are one of the most distinguished
examples of the Roman architectural style.
D) Outdoor activities should be preferred when it is warm,
aren’t they?
E) I guess you should thank both the Greeks and
Romans for the elaborate Roman constructions.
E) Is there good evidence that shows the benefits of
spending time in nature?

12 Diğer sayfaya geçiniz.

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46. Ann: 47. Patient:

 You’re reading a lot these days.  I’ve been trying really hard to lose weight but no
success so far.
Boris:
 Not really. I’ve just read two books in the last Dietician:
couple of weeks. It's just that whenever you visit  ----
me, you happen to find me reading.
Patient:
Ann:  A couple of times. But nothing actually worked,
 ---- though I did my best.

Boris: Dietician:
 Why don’t you set yourself a goal of one book a  OK, don’t worry. We’ll find out what makes it hard
month or something? for you to lose weight.
A) Well, have you ever consulted a professional before?
Ann:
 That’s a good idea. Setting a strict time limit may B) How many times do you eat in a typical day?
motivate me to read.
A) I just don't like reading books. Rather, I'm usually fine C) What kind of diets have you tried until now?
with reading my work materials in my spare time.
D) How often do you eat junk food?
B) How do you find enough time to read though you’re
often busy? E) How long have you been on this particular diet?
C) I don’t read as much as you. I generally prefer to read
best-selling novels.

D) Two books? That’s more than I could bear. I’ll stick to

magazines.

E) That’s more than I can do. Whenever I start, I always

find a good reason to quit.

13 Diğer sayfaya geçiniz.

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49. - 53. sorularda, verilen cümleye anlamca en

48. Interviewer:
yakın cümleyi bulunuz.
 Where did your idea of package delivery using
unmanned flying vehicles, drones, come from?

Entrepreneur: 49. Despite its small size, Costa Rica, whose geography
 Well, I’ve been passionate about aviation all of my varies from rainforests to arid regions, is home to
life. Also, a few years ago my company decided some of the most intense biodiversity in the world.
that technology was then mature enough to A) Costa Rica has got one of the highest levels of
pursue it. biodiversity in the world, and rainforests and arid
regions make up the majority of the small country’s
Interviewer: diverse geography.
 ----
B) Partly because Costa Rica has a geography that
Entrepreneur: ranges from rainforests to arid regions, the small
 One is the capability to operate safely and country possesses some of the richest biodiversity in
the world.
independently, without crashing into anything or
anyone. C) With a diverse geography including rainforests and
A) What do you think can you do to make drone delivery arid regions, Costa Rica has some of the richest
economically more competitive? biodiversity in the world although it is a small country.

B) Why do you think ordinary people have so many D) Costa Rica’s small size does not prevent it from
concerns about drone delivery? boasting some of the highest levels of biodiversity in
the world, partly due to its geography ranging from
C) How confident are you that people will choose your rainforests to arid regions.
delivery system?
E) While Costa Rica is blessed with some of the most
D) What are some of the technical improvements you intense biodiversity in the world, it is one of the
want to achieve to enhance the drone delivery smallest countries possessing a geography ranging
system? from rainforests to arid regions.

E) Which types of drones are the most appealing for

most customers?

14 Diğer sayfaya geçiniz.

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50. As well as spoken language, we use body language 51. Few inventions have had a more immediate or
to pass on a multitude of messages about our lasting impact on world history than the railroad, the
moods and intentions. first mode of land transport capable of
A) A good amount of information about our moods and outdistancing the horse and camel.
intentions is passed on to other people using either A) The railroad, the mode of land transport which offered
body language or spoken language. longer distances than the horse and camel for the first
time, affected world history more directly and
B) Spoken language is not the only means to convey a permanently than most other inventions.
large number of messages regarding our moods and
intentions, we also make use of body language. B) Direct and permanent impact on world history came
from a number of land transport inventions, one of
C) Plenty of messages concerning our moods and which was the railroad, as it made it possible to travel
intentions are conveyed using spoken language rather longer distances compared to the horse and camel.
than body language.
C) The horse and camel were outdistanced by the
D) We utilise either body language or spoken language to railroad, the first mode of land transport, which came
convey some messages related to our moods and as a more direct and lasting impact on world history
intentions. compared to other inventions.
E) Both body language and spoken language have to
D) Different modes of land transport that are able to go
be used together to effectively convey messages with
regard to our moods and intentions. longer distances than the horse and camel have been
invented, but the railroad was the first to have a direct
and long-lasting effect on world history.

E) World history has been influenced directly and

permanently by a great number of inventions,
including the railroad, which was the first mode of land
transport that outperformed both the horse and camel
in terms of distance.

15 Diğer sayfaya geçiniz.

2020-YDT/İNG

52. The learning of culture is an integral part of 53. Because industrialised countries have been the
language education because culture dramatically primary greenhouse gas emitters, they should
influences how people speak in everyday play a role in helping the world shift to renewable
interaction. energy sources.
A) Everyday interaction seems to be affected by culture A) In order to help the world move to renewable energy
to a great extent, which, in turn, affects how culture is sources, industrialised countries should stop releasing
taught in language education. greenhouse gases into the atmosphere.

B) Language education, where the way people of a B) It is the duty of industrialised countries to move to
certain culture speak in their routine activities renewable energy sources as they are the world's
is taught, significantly contributes to the learning of major contributors to the production of greenhouse
culture. gases.

C) Culture largely determines the norms of speaking in C) Although industrialised countries give out greenhouse
everyday interaction, so the learning of culture is gases into the atmosphere, they need to help the
perhaps the most important aspect of language world to start using renewable energy sources.
education.
D) The reason why industrialised countries should
D) Given that culture substantially affects the way people help the world to turn to renewable energy sources is
speak in daily communication, the learning of culture that they have been largely responsible for
cannot be separated from language education. greenhouse gas emissions.

E) Not only industrialised countries, which release

E) Learning a language means learning the culture of
greenhouse gases into the atmosphere, the other
that language; that is, language education also helps
countries of the world also need to shift to renewable
people speak in a particular language according to
energy sources.
cultural norms.

16 Diğer sayfaya geçiniz.

2020-YDT/İNG

54. - 58. sorularda, verilen durumda söylenmiş

56. You unexpectedly have a free weekend and you
olabilecek sözü bulunuz.
heard that a friend has an exhibition of her paintings
at a café. You are eager to go and you invite your
best friend to join you. He says he does not like
54. Your teenage son asks for your permission to go on such activities. So you say to express your
a five-day camping holiday with one of his friends, disappointment: ----
Jason. You think Jason has a bad influence on your
A) Even if you didn’t like the idea of an exhibition, you
son and a long holiday might make things even could at least join me just to make me happy. I felt
worse, so you firmly refuse to give permission: ---- excited about it.
A) Sorry dear, but such a long trip would definitely be a
disaster with Jason. So, we need to discuss it. B) I enjoyed it a lot when I last went there. She is a great
artist. I think we should give it a try.
B) You know I don’t like Jason, but he may be good fun
on a trip. C) I’m so indecisive about it. What do you think we
should do then if we don’t go to the exhibition?
C) Do whatever you want, just try to be firm with Jason.
D) I obviously chose a wrong activity for us. It'll be a total
D) There's no way I'll allow you to take that trip with waste of time. What can we do instead?
Jason.

E) If you obey my strict rules, I won’t stand in your way. E) I've been meaning to go to this exhibition for weeks
and you know it. Why do you always ruin my plans?

55. It is 1 a.m. and you have an important exam

tomorrow but your upstairs neighbour is having a 57. You have a job interview but it is on the other side
party with lots of people. Although you warned them of the town. You’re running a bit late. One of your
an hour ago, they are still very loud. You go upstairs friends has a car and offers you a ride to the
again and say angrily: ---- interview. You accept the offer and gratefully
say: ----
A) I’m really upset that you didn’t invite me to your party.
A) You really don’t have to. I can just take the bus.
B) If this party doesn’t end in ten minutes, I’m calling the
cops. B) I really appreciate your offer, but thanks. I can
probably make it if I run.
C) I wouldn’t do this to you if you had something
important to do the next day. C) Thanks, this helps me a lot! I would miss the interview
if I took the bus.
D) I really miss my old neighbours. They knew how to
throw a party. D) Please do! I helped you wash your car, so you actually
owe me now.
E) This party is lame. All these people, but no one to talk
to. E) Maybe I’ll just take the subway, it’s faster and cheaper.

17 Diğer sayfaya geçiniz.

2020-YDT/İNG

59. - 63. sorularda, boş bırakılan yere, parçada

58. A friend of yours borrowed some money from you a anlam bütünlüğünü sağlamak için getirilebilecek
really long time ago and still has not paid you cümleyi bulunuz.
back. You are really close friends and you think he
has simply forgotten. You don't want to upset
him but want to make him understand that you now 59. Sociology is one of a number of social sciences
need the money, so you say: ---- which attempt to understand and explain the
behaviour of human beings. Unlike some social
A) You always do this. You’re constantly asking for
money but you never pay it back. I always have to sciences, it does not confine itself to one particular
remind you of it. area of society. ---- It is hard to think of any
significant area of life which has never been the
B) Please pay back the money you borrowed as soon as subject of a sociological study.
possible. Otherwise, I’ll hire a lawyer and take you to A) Indeed, sociologists are concerned with a vast range
court! of topics including shopping, popular music, poverty,
C) Remember I lent you some money a while ago? Don’t and migration.
you think it’s time you paid it back? It’s been ages! B) In sociology, then, it is essential to understand the
social context in which human behaviour takes place.
D) I hate to bring this up, but I don’t think I’ll be able to
afford my expenses this month. So, is it possible for C) A change in society such as the introduction of new
you to return the money you borrowed soon? technology can lead to new ways of behaving.
E) Do you remember when I lent you that money? It’s
D) Socialisation is a lifelong process which continues as
been so long, and I don’t think I need it back anymore.
So, don’t worry about it. people change their jobs or roles and as society itself
changes.

E) At the most basic level, sociology involves

understanding the culture of the society in which social
action occurs.

18 Diğer sayfaya geçiniz.

2020-YDT/İNG

60. Microwave ovens do not directly cook food; what 61. Until now, there has not been a comprehensive map
they do is heat water. The frequency of microwaves of soil bacteria, but a team of scientists recently
happens to be just right for exciting water took the first steps toward creating one and found
molecules. ---- Nearly all food contains water, but out something surprising along the way. These
microwaves will not cook completely dry food like researchers collected nearly 300 soil samples from
cornflakes, rice or pasta. 18 countries and as many different environments as
A) Microwaves are a form of electromagnetic radiation possible. ---- However, the scientists found that
that sits on the spectrum between radio waves and across these different environments on Earth, a
infrared light. relatively small number of bacteria species
dominated.
B) By spreading their energy evenly through food, the A) These tiny organisms, which populate every
microwaves heat the water in it and the hot water environment, play active roles in many of Earth’s
cooks the food. biological processes.

C) Microwave cookery is similar to heating food in a B) They create acidic environments, decompose dead
normal oven, except that the microwaves penetrate organisms and release gases.
deeper and more quickly.
C) They were expecting to find a diverse array of bacteria
D) The molecules in the centre of your soup are not species spanning different terrains.
heated any quicker than those on the outside.
D) With this new bacteria list, scientists have a starting
E) Exciting the water molecules means that the food point for studying the complex web of ecosystem.
rarely gets much hotter than 100°C, at which water
boils. E) Of the thousands of individual species of bacteria, only
20 percent of those are known to scientists.

19 Diğer sayfaya geçiniz.

2020-YDT/İNG

62. The carbon cycle is the natural system that, ideally, 63. The creation of revolutionary products or practices
creates a balance between carbon emitters (such as has no timetable. Great minds give birth to
humans) and carbon absorbers (such as trees) so innovations as inspiration hits, necessity requires,
that the atmosphere does not contain an increasing or happenstance would have it. ---- The
amount of carbon dioxide. It is a huge process that Renaissance, for instance, was a period of great
involves oceans, land, and air. ---- You can think of it intellectual exploration, an era of innovation in
almost as the Earth breathing in and out. arts, philosophy, medicine, engineering, and
A) The exchange of carbon dioxide between the ocean science. Inventions of the Renaissance include the
and the air happens at the surface of the water. printing press and movable type. It was also at this
time that Leonardo da Vinci (1452–1519) drew the
B) The seas’ ability to absorb carbon dioxide has long first plans for a flying machine, a precursor to
been known to scientists. planes and jets that would be devised and
developed centuries later.
C) The carbon cycle is called “in balance” when roughly A) Human progress is now taking place at an
the same amount of carbon that is being pumped into unprecedented pace.
the air is being sucked out by something else.
B) Nevertheless, the history of the human race can
D) Given the important role that carbon dioxide plays in conceivably be called the story of innovation.
warming the Earth, you may be surprised by how little
of it is in the atmosphere. C) However, there have been a number of specifically
fruitful periods of invention throughout history.
E) Carbon dioxide is composed of one carbon atom and
two oxygen atoms, connected by double bonds. D) Also, their other inventions go beyond basic human
needs to enhance human interaction.

E) Furthermore, the invention of the electric bulb is said

to be a pure coincidence.

20 Diğer sayfaya geçiniz.

2020-YDT/İNG

64. - 69. sorularda, verilen İngilizce cümleye

65. People who watch television more than four hours a
anlamca en yakın Türkçe cümleyi bulunuz.
day are twice as likely to have a major health issue
compared with those who watch less.
A) Günde dört saatten fazla televizyon izleyen insanların,
64. Being part of a circle of friends is one of life’s
daha az izleyenlerle karşılaştırıldığında ciddi bir sağlık
greatest joys, but the dynamics of a group may
problemi yaşaması iki kat daha olasıdır.
sometimes be challenging.
A) Bir arkadaş çevresinin parçası olmak hayattaki en B) Günde dört saatten fazla televizyon izleyenler, daha az
büyük mutluluklardan biridir ancak bir grubun izleyenlerle kıyaslandığında iki kat daha ciddi
dinamiği bazen zorlayıcı olabilir. bir sağlık problemi yaşayabilirler.

C) Günde dört saatten fazla televizyon izleyen insanların

B) Arkadaşlardan oluşan bir çevrenin parçası olmak
karşılaştıkları ciddi sağlık problemlerinin, daha az
insanlara hayattaki en büyük mutluluklardan biriymiş
izleyen insanlarınkiyle kıyaslandığında iki kat daha
gibi gelebilir ancak grup dinamiği bazen zorlayıcıdır.
fazla olması muhtemeldir.
C) Bir grubun dinamiği bazen zorlayıcı olsa da bir D) Daha az televizyon izleyen insanlarla
arkadaş çevresinin parçası olmak hayattaki en büyük karşılaştırıldığında günde dört saatten fazla televizyon
mutluluklardan biri olabilir. izleyen insanların ciddi bir sağlık problemi yaşama
olasılığının iki kat arttığı düşünülmektedir.
D) Hayattaki en büyük mutluluklardan biri, bir arkadaş
çevresinin parçası olmaktır ama grup dinamiğini E) Günde dört saat daha fazla televizyon izleyenlerde
oluşturmak zorlayıcı olabilir. ciddi bir sağlık problemiyle karşılaşma olasılığı, daha
az izleyen insanlarınkine göre iki kat fazladır.
E) Bir grubun dinamiği her ne kadar bazen zorlayıcı olsa
da bir arkadaş çevresinin parçası olmak insana
hayattaki en büyük mutluluklardan birini verebilir.

66. All the activities that keep the body alive are
constantly controlled by the nervous system which
works 24 hours a day, collecting information about
how body parts are working.
A) Sinir sistemi 24 saat çalışarak uzuvların nasıl çalıştığı
hakkında bilgi toplar ve bedeni canlı tutan tüm
aktiviteleri sürekli kontrol eder.

B) Bedeni canlı tutan bütün aktiviteler, uzuvların nasıl

çalıştığı hakkında bilgi toplayarak günde 24 saat
çalışan sinir sistemi tarafından sürekli kontrol edilir.

C) Bedeni canlı tutan tüm aktiviteler, sinir sisteminin

uzuvların nasıl çalıştığı hakkında sürekli bilgi
toplaması ve 24 saat çalışmasıyla kontrol edilir.

D) 24 saat boyunca çalışan sinir sisteminin uzuvların

nasıl çalıştığı hakkında bilgi toplaması sayesinde
bedeni canlı tutan bütün aktiviteler sürekli denetlenir.

E) Bedenin canlı kalmasını sağlayan bütün aktiviteler,

sinir sisteminin 24 saat çalışması ve uzuvların nasıl
çalıştığı hakkında sürekli bilgi toplanması ile
denetlenir.

21 Diğer sayfaya geçiniz.

2020-YDT/İNG

67. The Indian Ocean formed over the period of the last 69. In highly industrialised countries, where most
120 million years as the landmasses of India and people have a modern way of life, an average family
Australia moved away from Africa. throws away over 1 ton of garbage every year.
A) Hindistan ve Avustralya kara parçalarının Afrika’dan A) Birçok insanın modern bir hayat tarzının olduğu büyük
ayrılması son 120 milyon yıllık süre zarfında Hint oranda sanayileşmiş ülkelerde, ortalama bir aile her yıl
Okyanusu’nu meydana getirmiştir. 1 tonun üzerinde çöp atmaktadır.
B) Hint Okyanusu, son 120 milyon yıllık süreçte Hindistan B) Büyük oranda sanayileşmiş ülkelerde birçok insanın
ve Avustralya kara parçalarının Afrika’dan ayrılmasıyla modern bir hayat tarzının olmasından dolayı, ortalama
meydana gelmiştir. bir aile her yıl 1 tonun üzerinde çöp atmaktadır.
C) Son 120 milyon yılda oluşan Hint Okyanusu, Hindistan
ve Avustralya kara parçalarının Afrika’dan ayrılmasıyla C) Büyük oranda sanayileşmiş çoğu ülkede modern bir
meydana gelmiştir. hayat tarzı olan ortalama bir aile her yıl 1 tonun
üzerinde çöp atmaktadır.
D) Hint Okyanusu, yaklaşık 120 milyon yıl önce Hindistan
ve Avustralya kara parçaları Afrika’dan ayrıldığı D) Büyük oranda sanayileşmiş ülkelerde ortalama bir
için oluşmuştur. aile, birçok insan gibi modern bir hayat tarzına sahiptir
ve yılda 1 tonun üzerinde çöp atmaktadır.
E) Hint Okyanusu’nun son 120 milyon yılda oluşmasına
sebep olan olay, Hindistan ve Avustralya kara E) Ortalama bir ailenin modern bir hayat tarzı olduğu
parçalarının Afrika’dan ayrılmasıdır. büyük oranda sanayileşmiş ülkelerde, her yıl 1 tonun
üzerinde çöp atılmaktadır.

68. Feelings of isolation and loneliness form the core of

most emotional disorders, so we need others'
support not to experience these feelings.
A) Birçok duygusal rahatsızlığın temelinde soyutlanma ve
yalnızlık hisleri bulunmaktadır bu yüzden bu tür
duygulara kapılmamak için başkalarının desteğine
ihtiyaç duyarız.

B) Birçok duygusal rahatsızlığın temelini oluşturan

soyutlanma ve yalnızlık hislerini yaşamamak için
başkalarının desteğine ihtiyacımız vardır.

C) Soyutlanma ve yalnızlık hisleri pek çok duygusal

rahatsızlığın temelinde yer alır bu nedenle
bu hislerden etkilenmemek için ihtiyacımız olan şey,
başkalarının desteğidir.

D) Soyutlanma ve yalnızlık hisleri birçok duygusal

rahatsızlığın temelini oluşturur dolayısıyla bu duyguları
yaşamamak için başkalarının desteğine ihtiyaç
duyarız.

E) Soyutlanma ve yalnızlık hisleri pek çok duygusal

rahatsızlığın temelinde yatmaktadır bu nedenle bu
hisleri yaşamak istemiyorsak başkalarından destek
alabiliriz.

22 Diğer sayfaya geçiniz.

2020-YDT/İNG

70. - 75. sorularda, verilen Türkçe cümleye

71. İklim değişikliğinin sebep olduğu kuraklıklar ve su
anlamca en yakın İngilizce cümleyi bulunuz.
seviyelerindeki değişimler, geleneksel olarak
Kenya’daki Nakuru Gölü etrafında çiftleşmek için
toplanan flamingoları tehdit etmektedir.
70. Mercanlar çoğunlukla su sıcaklığının 18ºC’den
A) Droughts and changes in water conditions caused by
daha yüksek olduğu tropikal kıyılardaki berrak ve sığ
climate change are threatening flamingos that
sularda yetişir.
traditionally gather to breed around Lake Nakuru in
A) Corals grow in clear and shallow water covering Kenya.
tropical coasts because this is where water
temperature is often higher than 18ºC. B) Droughts and changes in water conditions threatening
flamingos that traditionally gather around Lake Nakuru
B) Tropical coasts where water temperature is higher in Kenya to breed are a result of climate change.
than 18ºC have clear and shallow water in which
corals grow in large amounts. C) Climate change results in droughts and changes in
water conditions and this is threatening flamingos that
C) Corals mostly grow in clear and shallow water on traditionally gather to breed around Lake Nakuru in
tropical coasts where water temperature is higher Kenya.
than 18ºC.
D) Flamingos that traditionally gather around Lake
D) Clear and shallow water on tropical coasts where Nakuru in Kenya to breed are threatened by droughts
water temperature is higher than 18ºC makes corals and changes in water conditions caused by climate
grow extensively. change.
E) Corals mostly grow on tropical coasts where water is E) Flamingos traditionally gather to breed around Lake
clear and shallow although water temperature Nakuru in Kenya but they are being threatened by
is higher than 18ºC. droughts and changes in water conditions caused by
climate change.

23 Diğer sayfaya geçiniz.

2020-YDT/İNG

72. Bazı araştırmacılar kahve tüketimi ile insanların 73. Susuz kalmak sağlığımız için iyi değildir ancak su
belirli sağlık sorunlarına karşı direnç geliştirmesi ihtiyacımızı karşılamak için günde sekiz bardak su
arasında bir bağlantı olduğunu öne sürmektedir. içmemiz gerektiği fikrinin de hiçbir bilimsel dayanağı
yoktur.
A) A link between coffee consumption and people’s
developing resistance to particular health problems is A) Being dehydrated is not good for our health, but the
proposed by some researchers. idea that we need to drink eight glasses of water a day
in order to stay hydrated has also no scientific
B) Some researchers suggest that there is a link between background.
coffee consumption and people’s developing
resistance to certain health problems. B) Being dehydrated is not good for health; however, the
claim that we must drink eight glasses of water a
day to stay hydrated has not been scientifically proved
C) Coffee consumption leads to people’s developing
yet.
resistance to certain health problems, as proposed by
some researchers. C) Although the idea that we need to drink eight glasses
of water a day to stay hydrated does not have any
D) According to some researchers, there is a scientific background, being dehydrated is not good
link between coffee consumption and people’s for our health either.
developing resistance to particular health problems.
D) Being dehydrated has no benefits for our health, but
E) Some researchers suggest that people’s developing the idea that we should drink eight glasses of water a
resistance to certain health problems is linked to day to stay hydrated is not based on scientific proof
coffee consumption. either.

E) There is no scientific evidence to prove the idea that

we should drink eight glasses of water a day in order
to stay hydrated, but being dehydrated is not good for
our health either.

74. Yeni meydana gelen bir yaralanma için

uygulanmaması gerekse de sıcaklık uzun süreli kas
ağrılarına faydalı olabilir.
A) Although it should not be used for a fresh injury, heat
can be beneficial for long-term muscle pains.

B) Heat cannot be used for an injury that is fresh but you

might use it for long-term muscle pains.

C) Heat can be effective for long-term muscle pains,

though you should not use it for a fresh injury.

D) No matter how beneficial heat can be for long-term

muscle pains, it should not be used for fresh injuries.

E) Heat, which should not be used for fresh injuries, can

be used for long-term muscle pains.

24 Diğer sayfaya geçiniz.

2020-YDT/İNG

76. - 80. sorularda, cümleler sırasıyla

75. İnsanları hayvanlardan ayıran temel özellik, okunduğunda parçanın anlam bütünlüğünü bozan
insanların kendileri ve çevreleri arasında aracılık cümleyi bulunuz.
eden karmaşık göstergeler yaratma yetisidir.
A) Humans are capable of creating sophisticated
76. (I) Carbohydrates are a vast and diverse group of
signs that mediate between them and their
nutrients found in most foods. (II) This group includes
environment, and this is the main feature that
simple sugars and complex forms such as starches,
discriminates humans from animals.
which are broken down during digestion to produce
B) The basic feature that distinguishes humans from simple sugars. (III) In contrast to the other
animals is humans’ capacity to create sophisticated carbohydrates, fibre is a type of complex carbohydrate
signs that mediate between them and their that cannot be readily digested by our bodies. (IV) The
environment. main function of the simple sugars and starches in the
foods we eat is to deliver calories for energy. (V) The
C) Humans differ from animals in that they are able simple sugar glucose is required to satisfy the energy
to create sophisticated signs that mediate between needs of the brain, whereas our muscles use glucose
them and their environment, which is a key feature of for short-term bouts of activity.
humans. A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
D) Humans’ capacity to create sophisticated signs that
mediate between them and their environment is a
feature that clearly distinguishes humans from
animals.

E) Humans have the capacity to create sophisticated

signs that mediate between them and their
environment, which is a crucial feature that
differentiates humans from animals. 77. (I) Water is of such great importance that it makes up
almost two thirds of the human body by weight. (II) It
plays a fundamental role in digestion and absorption
and in the elimination of indigestible metabolic waste.
(III) Water for the body is obtained primarily by drinking
and ingesting food as well as through internal chemical
reactions. (IV) Water also serves as the basis of the
circulatory system, which uses blood to distribute
nutrients to the entire body. (V) Moreover, water helps
maintain body temperature by expelling excess heat
through the skin via sweat and evaporation.
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V

25 Diğer sayfaya geçiniz.

2020-YDT/İNG

78. (I) Creativity tests, mostly devised over the last 80. (I) Since their earliest presence on Earth, humans
thirty years, are aimed at assessing the qualities and have sought to make sense of their surroundings.
abilities that constitute creativity. (II) These tests (II) Survival depended on understanding the behaviour
evaluate mental abilities in ways that are different from of a volcano, the flood cycles of a river, or the optimum
─ and even diametrically opposed to ─ conventional time to cross a mountain pass. (III) Humans developed
intelligence tests. (III) Because the kinds of abilities ways to record and pass on such information.
measured by creativity tests differ from those measured (IV) Modern science and information gathering have
by intelligence quotient (IQ) tests, persons with the given anthropologists more insight than ever
highest scores on creativity tests do not necessarily before. (V) As they ventured from their places of origin,
have the highest IQs. (IV) Most creativity tests in use by land and by sea, people acquired a broader
today are based at least partially on the theory of perspective of Earth's processes and of the patterns and
creativity evolved by J.P. Guilford in the 1950s. impact of human settlement throughout the world.
(V) Creative people tend to have IQs that are at least
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
average if not above average, but beyond a score of
120 there is little correlation between performance on
intelligence and creativity tests.
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V

79. (I) The Industrial Revolution brought great wealth to

factory owners and made basic goods such as food and
clothing cheaper than ever before. (II) During the
Industrial Revolution, a great majority of workers in
factories were children; as a result, accidents were very
common. (III) However, the Industrial Revolution also
created a new kind of poverty. (IV) Large numbers of
people moved to the cities in search of work, where they
were packed into crowded, dirty housing. (V) Many were
unemployed and ended up in prison for debt, or forced
to move into harsh lodgings called workhouses, where
they performed hard labour for low wages.
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V

TEST BİTTİ.
26
CEVAPLARINIZI KONTROL EDİNİZ.
 2020 YABANCI DİL TESTİ (YDT)

YKS 3. OTURUM YABANCI DİL TESTİ (YDT)

28-06-2020

İNGİLİZCE TESTİ İNGİLİZCE TESTİ

1. B 48. D
2. D 49. C
3. A 50. B
4. A 51. A
5. C 52. D
6. D 53. D
7. B 54. D
8. D 55. B
9. B 56. A
10. D 57. C
11. E 58. D
12. B 59. A
13. B 60. B
14. C 61. C
15. A 62. C
16. E 63. C
17. A 64. A
18. B 65. A
19. A 66. B
20. D 67. B
21. A 68. D
22. A 69. A
23. C 70. C
24. B 71. A
25. B 72. B
26. D 73. A
27. E 74. A
28. D 75. B
29. B 76. C
30. E 77. C
31. B 78. D
32. B 79. B
33. B 80. D
34. E
35. A
36. D
37. E
38. A
39. A
40. A
41. A
42. B
43. D
44. C
45. E
46. E
47. A