1/1/2024

PHYSICS
BY IITIAN
CURRENT ELECTRICITY CHAPTER 4

BY IITIAN ANUJ SIR | [Type the author name]

BY ANUJ SIR IIT MADRAS 8130662554

Chapter – 04
Moving Charges and Magnetism
B. To remove the tension in the supporting
strings, the magnitude of the current in the
 Magnetic Force
wire is
Force on a Charged Particle in a Uniform Magnetic [Term I 2021 – 22]
Field mgB mg
(a) (b)
MCQ B
mg B
1. Assertion (A) : The energy of a charged particle (c) (d)
moving in a magnetic field does not change. B mg
Reason (R) : It is because the work done by the 6. A current carrying wire kept in a uniform
magnetic force on the charge moving in a magnetic magnetic field will experience a maximum force
field is zero. when it is [Term I 2021 –
(a) If both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true 22]
and Reason (R) is correct explanation of (a) Perpendicular to the magnetic field
Assertion (A). (b) Parallel to the magnetic field
If both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true (c) At an angle of 450 to the magnetic field
and Reason (R) is not the correct explanation of (d) At an angle of 600 to the magnetic field
Assertion (A).
If Assertion (A) is true but Reason (R) is false. SA I [2 Marks]
If both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are (S)
7. A straight wire of mass 200 g and length 1.5 m
false. (2024)
carries a current of 2A. It is suspended in mid
air by a uniform magnetic field B. What is the
SA I [2 Marks] magnitude of the magnetic field?
2. Derive an expression for magnetic force [2/3, Foreign 2015]
acting on a straight conductor of length L
carrying current I in an external magnetic field  Motion in a Magnetic Filed
𝐵. Is it valid when the conductor is in zig-zag MCQ
form? Justify. (2024)
8. Assertion (A): An electron and a proton enter
VSA [1 Marks] with the same momentum in a magnetic field
𝐵 such that ⊥ 𝐵. Then both describe a
3. Write the expression, in a vector form, for the circular path of the same radius.

Lorentz magnetic force F due to a charge Reason (R) : The radius of the circular path
  described by the charged particle (charge q, mass
moving with velocity v in a magnetic field B . m) moving in the magnetic field B is given by 𝑟 =
𝑚𝑣
What is the direction of the magnetic force?
𝑞𝐵
[Delhi 2014]
(a) If both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true
4. Define one tesla using the expression for the and Reason (R) is correct explanation of
magnetic force acting on a particle of charge ‘q’ Assertion (A).
 
moving with velocity v in a magnetic field B . (b) If both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true
[Foreign 2014] and Reason (R) is not the correct explanation of
 Force on a Current Carrying Conductor in a Assertion (A).
Uniform Magnetic Field (c) If Assertion (A) is true but Reason (R) is
MCQ false.
(d) If both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are
5. A straight conducting rod of length and mass false. (2024)
m is suspended in a horizontal plane by a pair of
flexible strings in a magnetic field of magnitude
BY ANUJ SIR IIT MADRAS 8130662554

9. A particle of mass m and charge -q is moving 13. A proton and an electron travelling along
with a uniform speed v in a circle of radius r, parallel paths enter a region of uniform
with another charge q at the centre of the magnetic field, acting perpendicular to their
circle. The value of r is paths. Which of them will move in a circular
[2023] path with higher frequency? [2018]
1  q  1 q
2

(a)   (b)   14. A particle of mass ‘m’ and charge ‘q’ moving
40 m  v  40 m  v  with velocity ‘v’ enters the region of uniform
2
m  q  m q magnetic field at right angle to the direction of
(c) 4 (d) 4  
v  v its motion. How does its kinetic energy get
0   0   affected?
[Delhi 2015C]
10. A charge particle after being accelerated
through a potential difference ‘V’ enters in a
uniform magnetic field and moves in a circle of SA I [2 Marks]
radius r. If V is doubled, the radius of the circle
will become 15. A charged particle q is moving in the presence
[2020] of a magnetic field B which is inclined to an
angle 30° with the direction of the motion of
(a) 2r (b) 2 r
the particle. Draw the trajectory followed by
(c) 4r (d) r / 2 the particle in the presence of the field and
explain how the particle describes this path.
11. Two particles of masses m1 and m2 have equal [Delhi 2019]
charges. They are accelerated from rest through SA II [3
a potential difference V and then enter in a Marks]

region of uniform magnetic field B . If they
describe circular paths of radii r1 and r2, 16. An electron moving with a velocity
respectively, then the value of m1/m2 is 𝑣= (1.0 × 107 𝑚/𝑠)𝑖 + (0.5 × 107 𝑚/𝑠)𝑗
[Al 2020C] enters a region of uniform magnetic field
2
r  rV 𝐵 = (0.5𝑚𝑇)𝑗. Find the radius of the circular path
(a)  2  (b) 1 described by it. While rotating; does the electron
 r1  r2 B trace a linear path too? If so, calculate the linear
2
r  r12V distance covered by it during the period of
(c)  r1  (d) one revolution. (2024)
 2 r22 B
17. A proton, a deuteron and an alpha particle are
VSA [1 Marks] accelerated through the same potential
12. An electron moves along +x direction. It enters difference and then subjected to a uniform


into a region of uniform magnetic field B magnetic field B , perpendicular to the
directed along-z direction as shown in figure. direction of their motions.
Draw the shape of trajectory followed by the [Al 2019]
electron after entering the field. Compare
[2020] (i) Their kinetic energies, and
If the radius of the circular path described by
proton is 5 cm, determine the radii of the path
described by deuteron and alpha particle.

18. (a) A particle of charge ‘q’ and mass ‘m’ moving


with velocity ‘ v ’ is subjected to a uniform

magnetic field B perpendicular to its velocity.
Show that the particle describes a circular path.
Obtain expression for the radius of the circular
path of the particle.
Page 2
BY ANUJ SIR IIT MADRAS 8130662554

(b) Explain,

how its path will be affected if the field and show that it is independent of velocity
0 or energy of the particle. [Al 2014]
velocity v makes an angle  ( 90 ) with the
direction of the magnetic field. LA [5 Marks]

19. (a) Write the expression for force F acting on a 24. An  -particle is accelerated through a
particle of mass m and charge q moving with potential difference of 10 kV and moves along
 
x-axis. It enters in a region of uniform magnetic
velocity v in a magnetic field B . Under what field B = 2 x 10-3 T acting along y – axis. Find the
conditions will it move in (i) a circular path and
radius of its path. (Take mass of  -particle =
(ii) a helical path? [Al 6.4 x 10-27 kg)
2017] [2/5, 2020]
(b) Show that the kinetic energy of the particle
 Motion in Combined Electric and Magnetic
moving in magnetic field remains constant. Fields Velocity Selector
20. (a) Write the expression for the magnetic force MCQ
acting on a charged particle moving with
velocity v in the presence of magnetic field B. 25. An electron is released from rest in a region of
(b) A neutron, an electron and an alpha particle uniform electric and magnetic fields acting
moving with equal velocities enter a uniform parallel to each other. The electron will [2020]
magnetic field going into the plane of the paper as (a) Move in a straight line.
shown. Trace their paths in the field and justify your (b) Move in a circle.
answer. [Delhi 2016] (c) Remain stationary
(d) Move in a helical path.

VSA [1 Marks]
26. Find the condition under which the charged
particles moving with different speeds in the
presence of electric and magnetic field vectors

21. A uniform magnetic field B is set up along the can be used to select charged particles of a
positive x-axis. A particle of charge ‘q’ and mass particular speed. [Al 2017]
 27. Write the condition under which an electron
'm’ moving with a velocity v enters the field at will move undeflected in the presence of
the origin in X-Y plane such that it has velocity crossed electric and magnetic fields. [Al
components both along and perpendicular to 2014C]
the magnetic field B. Trace, giving reason, the SA II [3
trajectory followed by the particle. Find out the Marks]
expression for the distance moved by the
particle along the magnetic field in one 28. (a) A point charge q moving with speed v enters
rotation. a uniform magnetic field B that is acting into
the plane of paper as shown. What is the path
22. An electron moving horizontally with a velocity followed by the charge q and in which plane
of 4 x 104 m/s enters a region of uniform does it move?
magnetic field of 10-5 T acting vertically upward
as shown in the figure. Draw its trajectory and
find out the time it takes to come out of the
region of magnetic field. [Foreign 2015]

(b) How does the path followed by the charge get

23. Deduce an expression for the frequency of affected if its velocity has a component parallel to

revolution of a charged particle in a magnetic B?
BY ANUJ SIR IIT MADRAS 8130662554

 current carrying wire exerts on the proton. Also

(c) If an electric field E is also applied such that the specific its direction. [Al
particle continues moving along the original straight 2019]
line path, what should be the magnitude and

direction of the electric field E ?
[Foreign 2016]

 Magnetic Field Due to a Current Element, Biot –

Savart Law
MCQ

29. Two horizontal thin long parallel wires,

separated by a distance r carry current l each in 33. State Biot – Savart law in vector form
the opposite directions. The net magnetic field expressing the magnetic field due to an
at a point midway between them, will be  
[2023] element d carrying current I at a distance r
(a) Zero from the element.
 0 I  [1/2, Al 2014C]


  vertically downward


(b)
 22 r 
 0 I vertically upward  Magnetic Field on the Axis of a Circular Current
(c)   MCQ
 r  Loop
(d)
 0l  34. A 2.0 cm segment of wire, carrying 5.0 A
  vertically downward
  r  current in positive Y-direction lies along y-axis,
 as shown In the figure. The magnetic field at a
SA I [2 Marks]  point (3 m, 4 m, 0) due to this segment (part of
a circuit) is
30. Two long straight parallel wires A and B
separated by a distance d, carry equal current l
flowing in same direction as shown in the
figure.

(a) Find the magnetic field at a point P situated

between them at a distance x from one wire.
(b) Show graphically the variation of the magnetic field (a) (0.12 𝑛𝑇)𝑗
with distance x for 0 < x < d. (b) −(𝑂. 10𝑛𝑇)𝑗
(c) −(0.24𝑛𝑇)𝑘
31. A current of 10 a is flowing from east to west in (d) (0.24 𝑛𝑙) 𝑘 (2024)
a long straight wire kept on a horizontal table.
The magnetic field developed at a distance of 35. The magnetic field at the centre of a current
10 cm due north on the table is: [Al 2020] carrying circular loop of radius R is B1. The
(a) 2 x 10-5 T, acting downwards magnetic field at a point on its axis at a distance
(b) 2 x 10-5 T, acting upwards R from the center of the loop is B2. Then the
(c) 4 x 10-5 T, acting downwards ratio (B1/B2) is [Term I 2021 – 22]
(d) 4 x 10-5T, acting upwards 1
(a) 2 2 (b)
2
32. A long straight wire AB carries a current of 4A. A
proton P travels at 4 x 106 m s-1 parallel to the (c) 2 (d) 2
wire 0.2 m from it and in a direction opposite to
the current as shown in the figure. Calculate the
force which the magnetic field due to the
BY ANUJ SIR IIT MADRAS 8130662554

36. A current l flows through a long straight 39. A current carrying circular loop and a straight
conductor which is bent into a circular loop of wire bent partly in the form of a semicircle are
radius R in the middle as shown in the figure. placed as shown in the figure. Find the
The magnitude of the net magnetic field at point O magnitude and direction of net magnetic field
will be [Al 2020] at point O. [2023]

40. (a) State Biot-Savart’s law and express this law

0l in the vector form.
(a) Zero (b) (l  ) (b) Two identical circular coils, P and Q each of
2R
0l 0l  1  radius R, carrying currents 1 A and 3 A

(c) (d) respectively, are placed concentrically and
4 R
 

1
2R   perpendicular to each other lying in the XY and YZ
planes. Find the magnitude and direction of the net
SA I [2 Marks]
magnetic field at the centre of the coils. [Al
37. Two identical circular loops P and Q, each of 2017]
radius R carrying current / are kept in
perpendicular planes such that they have a 41. Two identical loops P and Q each of radius 5 cm
common centre 0 as shown in the figure. are lying in perpendicular planes such that they
Find the magnitude and direction of the net have a common centre as shown in the figure.
magnetic field at point O. [2023] Find the magnitude and direction of the net
magnetic field at the common centre of the two
coils, if they carry currents equal to 3 A and 4 A
respectively. [Al 2017]

38. Two very small identical circular loops, (1) and

(2), carrying equal currents l are placed
vertically (with respect to the plane of the 42. Use Biot-Savart law to derive the expression for
paper) with their geometrical axes the magnetic field on the axis of a current
perpendicular to each other as shown in the carrying circular loop of radius R. Draw the
figure. Find the magnitude and direction of the magnetic field lines due to circular wire carrying
net magnetic field produced at the point O. current I.
[2017C, Foreign 2014]
43. Two identical coils P and Q each of radius R are
lying in perpendicular planes such that they
have a common centre. Find the magnitude and
direction of the magnetic field at the common
centre of the two coils, if they carry currents
equal to / and 3 / respectively.

SA II [3
Marks]

LA [5 Marks]
BY ANUJ SIR IIT MADRAS 8130662554
SA II [3
44. A circular loop of radius R carries a current l. Marks]
Obtain an expression for the magnetic field at a
point on its axis at a distance x from its centre.
[3/5, 2020] 50. Two long coaxial insulated solenoids, S1 and S2
OR of equal lengths are wound one over the other
Write, using Biot – Savart law, the expression for as shown in the figure. A steady current “l” flow
  through the inner solenoid S1 to the other end
the magnetic field B due to an element d l B, which is connected to the outer solenoid S2

through which the same current “l” flows in the
carrying current l at a distance r from it in a vector opposite direction so as to come out at end A. If
form. Hence derive the expression for the magnetic n1 and n2 are the number of turns per unit
field due to a current carrying loop of radius R at a
length, find the magnitude and direction of the
point P distant x from its centre along the axis of
net magnetic field at a point
the loop. [Al 2015]

45. Write any two important points of similarities

and differences each between Coulomb’s law
for the electrostatic field and Biot-Savart’s law
of the magnetic field. Use Biot-Savart’s law to
find the expression for the magnetic field due
to a circular loop of radius 'r' carrying current'l’,
at its centre.
[Foreign 2015]

 Ampere’s Circuital Law

(i) inside on the axis and (ii) outside the combined
VSA [1 Marks] system. [2/3, Delhi 2014]

46. Write the mathematical form of Ampere – LA [5 Marks]

Maxwell circuital law. [Al 2020]
SA II [3 51. An observer to the left of a solenoid of N turns
Marks] each of cross section area ‘A’ observes that a
steady current I in it flows in the clockwise
direction. Depict the magnetic field lines due to
47. State Ampere’s circuital law, expressing it in the the solenoid specifying its polarity and show
integral form. [1/3, Delhi 2014] that it acts as a bar magnet of magnetic
moment m = NIA.
LA [5 Marks]
[2015]
48. Explain how Biot – Savart’s law enables one to
express the Ampere’s circuital law in the
integral form, viz.
 
 Force between Two Parallel Currents, the
 B .d l   I 0
Ampere
Where l is the total current passing through the
surface. [2/5, Al 2015] MCQ
 The Solenoid
52. Two thin long parallel wires separated by a
SA I [2 Marks] distance 'a' carry current 'I' in opposite
directions. The wires will
49. Draw the magnetic field lines due to a current 𝜇 𝐼2
passing through a long solenoid. Use Ampere's (a) repel each other with a force 0 , per unit
2𝜋𝑎 2
circuital law, to obtain the expression for the length
𝜇0𝐼2
magnetic field due to the current / in a long (b) attract each other with a force , per unit
solenoid having n number of turns per unit 2𝜋𝑎 2
length
length. [2014C] 𝜇0𝐼2
(c) attract each other with a force , per unit
2𝜋𝑎𝘍
length
Page 6
BY ANUJ SIR IIT MADRAS 8130662554

𝜇0𝐼2
(d) repel each other with a force per unit conductors, define one ampere of current.
2𝜋𝑎𝘍 [Al 2014]
length. (2024)
SA I [2 Marks]
53. Two long parallel wires kep 2 m apart carry 3A
current each, in the same direction. The force 58. A long straight conductor kept along X' X axis
per unit length on one wire due to the other is carries a steady current l along + x direction. At
[2023] an instant t, a particle of mass m and charge q
(a) 4.5105 Nm1 , attractive 
at point (x,y) moves with a velocity v along +y
(b) 4.5107 Nm , repulsive direction. Find the magnitude and direction of
(c) 9107 Nm, repulsive the force on the particle due to the conductor.
59. A square loop of side 20 cm carrying current of
(d) 9105 Nm , attractive 1 A is kept near an infinite long straight wire
carrying a current of 2 A in the same plane as
54. Two wires carrying currents l1 and l2 lie, one shown in the figure.
slightly above the other, in a horizontal plane as
shown in figure. The region of vertically upward
strongest magnetic field is [Term I 2021 –
22]

Calculate the magnitude and direction of the net

force exerted on the loop due to the current
carrying conductor. [Al 2015C]
SA II [3
(a) I (b) II Marks]
(c) III (d) IV
60. Two long, straight, parallel conductors carry
55. Two parallel conductors carrying current of 4.0
steady currents in opposite directions. Explain
A and 10.0 A are placed 2.5 cm apart in
the nature of the force of interaction between
vacuum. The force per unit length between
them. Obtain an expression for the magnitude
them is [Term I 2021 – 22]
of the force between the two conductors.
(a) 6.4 x 10-5 N m-1 (b) 6.4 x 10-2 N m-1
Hence define one
(c) 4.6 x 10-4 N m-1 (d) 3.2 x 10-4 N m-1
ampere. (2024)
VSA [1 Marks]
61. (i) State and explain Ampere's circuital law.
56. A square shaped current carrying loop MNOP is (ii) Two long straight parallel wires separated by 20
placed near a straight long current carrying wire cm, carry 5 A and 10 A current respectively, in the
AB as shown in the figure same direction. Find the magnitude and direction of
the net magnetic field at
a point midway between them. (2024)

62. Two infinitely long straight wires A1 and A2

carrying currents l and 2l flowing in the same
directions are kept ‘d’ distance apart. Where
should a third straight wire A3 carrying current
1.5 l be placed between A1 and A2 so that it
The wire and the loop lie in the same plane. If the
experiences no net force due to A1 and A2?
loop experiences a net force F towards the wire,
Does the net force acting on A3 depend on the
find the magnitude of the force on the side 'NO' of
current flowing through it? [Delhi
the loop. [2020]
2019]
57. Using the concept of force between two
63. Two long straight parallel conductors carry
infinitely long parallel current carrying
steady current l1 and l2 separated by a distance
BY ANUJ SIR IIT MADRAS 8130662554

d. If the currents are flowing in the same 67. Assertion (A): The deflecting torque acting on a
direction, show how the magnetic field set up in current carrying loop is zero when its plane is
one produces an attractive force on the other. perpendicular to the direction of magnetic field.
Obtain the expression for this force. Hence Reason (R): The deflecting torque acting on a loop
define one ampere. [Delhi  

2016] of magnetic moment m in a magnetic field B is

 
64. (a) Two long straight parallel conductors ‘a’ and given by the dot product of m and B .
‘b’ carrying steady currents la and lb are (a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and
separated by a distance d. Write the magnitude Reason (R) is the correct explanation of the
and direction of the magnetic field produced by Assertion (A)
the conductor ‘a’ at the points along the (b) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true, but
conductor ‘b’. If the currents are flowing in the Reason (R) is not the correct explanation of the
same direction, what is the nature and Assertion (A)
magnitude of the force between the two (c) Assertion (A) is true, but Reason (R) is False.
conductors? (d) Assertion (A) is false, but Reason (R) is true.
(b) Show with the help of a diagram how the force
between the two conductors would change when 68. Assertion (A): When radius of a current carrying
the currents in them flow in the opposite directions. loop is doubled, its magnetic moment becomes
[Foreign 2014] four times.
 Torque on Current Loop, Magnetic Dipole Reason (R) : The magnetic moment of a current
carrying loop is directly proportional to the area of
MCQ
the loop. [Term I 2021 – 22]
65. A wire of length 4.4 m is bent round in the (a) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is correct
shape of a circular loop and carries a current of explanation of (A).
1.0 A. The magnetic moment of the loop will be (b) Both (A) and (R) are true, and (R) is not correct
explanation of (A).
(a) 0.7 𝐴𝑚2 (b) 1.54 𝐴𝑚2 (c) (A) is true, but (R) is false.
(c) 2.10 𝐴𝑚2 (d) 3.5 𝐴𝑚2 (2024) (d) (A) is false and (R) is also false.

Questions number 57 – 59 are Assertion (A) and 69. The magnetic dipole moment of a current
Reason (R) type questions. Two statements are carrying coil does not depend upon
given – one labelled Assertion (A) and the other [2020]
labelled Reason (R). Select the correct answer from (a) Number of turns of the coil
the codes (a), (b), (c) and (d) as given below. (b) Cross – sectional area of the coil
(c) Current flowing in the coil
66. Assertion (A): A current carrying square loop (d) Material of the turns of the coil.
made of a wire of length L is placed in a
magnetic field. It experiences a torque which is SA I [2 Marks]
greater than the torque on a circular loop made
of the same wire carrying the same current in 70. A square shaped plane coil of area 100 cm2 of
the same magnetic field. 200 turns carries a steady current of 5A. If it is
Reason (R): A square loop occupies more area than placed in a uniform magnetic field of 0.2 T
a circular loop, both made of wire of the same acting perpendicular to the plane of the coil.
length. [2023] Calculate the torque on the coil when its plane
(a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and makes an angle of 600 with the direction of the
Reason (R) is the correct explanation of the field. In which orientation will the coil be in
Assertion (A). stable equilibrium? [Al 2015C]
SA II [3
(b) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true, but
Marks]
Reason (R) is not the correct explanation of the
Assertion (A).
(c) Assertion (A) is true, but Reason (R) is false. 71. Obtain an expression for the torque 𝑟 acting on
(d) Assertion (A) is false and Reason (R) is also false. a current carrying loop in a uniform magnetic
field 𝐵. Draw the necessary diagram. (2024)
BY ANUJ SIR IIT MADRAS 8130662554

OR 'A' and V respectively. If a resistor is connected

A rectangular loop of area A, carrying current l, is in parallel with the voltmeter, then (2024)
placed in uniform magnetic field 𝐵. With the help of
a suitable diagram, derive an expression, in vector (a) A will increase, V will decrease.
form, for the torque acting on the loop. (2024) (b) A will decrease, V will increase.
(c) Both A and V will decrease.
72. (a) Write an expression of magnetic moment (d) Both A and V will increase.
associated with a current (l) carrying circular
coil of radius r having N turns. 76. A galvanometer shows full scale deflection for
(b) Consider the above mentioned coil placed in YZ a current 𝐼𝑔. If a shunt of resistance 𝑆1 is
plane with its centre at the origin. Derive expression connected to the galvanometer, it gets
for the value of magnetic field due to it at point (x, converted into an ammeter of range (0 - /).
0, 0). [2020] When resistance of the shunt is made 𝑆2, its
𝑆
range becomes (0 – 2I). Then ( 1) is
73. A closely wound solenoid of 2000 turns and 𝑆2
𝐼+𝐼𝑔 𝐼−𝐼𝑔
cross sectional area 1.6 x 10-4 m2 carrying a (a) (b)
𝐼−𝐼𝑔 𝐼+𝐼𝑔
current of 4.0 A is suspended through its centre 2𝐼−𝐼𝑔 𝐼−𝐼𝑔
(c) (d) (2024)
allowing it to turn in a horizontal plane. Find (i) 𝐼−𝐼𝑔 2𝐼−𝐼𝑔
the magnetic moment associated with the
solenoid, (ii) the torque on the solenoid if a 77. If an ammeter is to be used in place of a
horizontal magnetic field of 7.5 x 10-2 T is set up voltmeter, then we must connect with the
at an angle of 300 with the axis of the solenoid. ammeter a [Term I 2021 –
[Al 2015C] 22]
(a) low resistance in parallel
(b) low resistance in series
LA [5 Marks] (c) high resistance in parallel
(d) high resistance in series.
74. (i) A particle of mass m and charge q is moving
with a velocity 𝑣 in a magnetic field 𝐵 as shown Question No. 65 is Assertion (A) and Reason (R)
in type questions. Given below are the two
the figure. Show that it follows a helical path. statements labelled as Assertion (A) and Reason (R).
Hence, obtain its frequency of revolution. Select the most appropriate answer from the
options given below.

78. Assertion (A): Higher the range, lower is the

resistance of an ammeter.
Reason (R): To increase the range of an ammeter
additional shunt is added in series to it.
(a) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is correct
explanation of (A).
(b) Both (A) and (R) are true, and (R) is not correct
explanation of (A).
(c) (A) is true, but (R) is false.
(ii) In a hydrogen atom, the electron moves in (d) (A) is false and (R) is also false.
an orbit of radius 2 Å making 8 × 1014 [Term I 2021 – 22, 2021C]
revolutions per second. Find the magnetic moment
VSA [1 Marks]
associated with the orbital motion of the electron.
(2024) 79. Define the term 'current sensitivity’ of a moving
coil galvanometer. [2020]
 The Moving Coil Galvanometer 80. Write the underlying principle of a moving coil
galvanometer. [Delhi 2016]
MCQ
SA I [2 Marks]
75. An ammeter and a voltmeter are connected in
series to a battery. Their readings are noted as
BY ANUJ SIR IIT MADRAS 8130662554

81. An ammeter of resistance 0.8  can measure a 88. Describe the working principle of a moving coil
current upto 1.0 A. Find the value of shunt galvanometer. Why is it necessary to use (i) a
resistance required to convert this ammeter to radial magnetic field and (ii) a cylindrical soft
measure a current upto 5.0 A. [2020] iron core in a galvanometer? Write the
82. A galvanometer of resistance 16  shows full expression for current sensitivity of the
scale deflection for a current of 4 mA. How will galvanometer. Can a galvanometer as such be
you convert it into a voltmeter to measure a used for measuring the current? Explain.
voltage up to 3V? [2020] [Delhi 2017]
89. State the principle of working of a
SA II [3 galvanometer. A galvanometer of resistance G
Marks] is converted into a voltmeter to measure upto V
volts by connecting a resistance R1 in series with
the coil. If a resistance R2 is connected in series
83. (a) Briefly describe how the current sensitivity with it, then it can measure upto V/2 volts. Find
of a moving coil galvanometer can be increased. the resistance, in terms of R1 and R2, required
(b) A galvanometer shows full scale deflection for to be connected to convert it into a voltmeter
current Ig. A resistance R1 is required to convert it that can read upto 2 V. Also find the resistance
into a voltmeter of range (0 – 1 V and a resistance G of the galvanometer in terms of R1 and R2.
R2) to convert it into a voltmeter of range (0 – 2V). [Delhi 2015]
Find the resistance of the galvanometer. [2023]
90. (a) Why is the magnetic field radial in a moving
84. (a) Define current sensitivity of a galvanometer. coil galvanometer? Explain how it is achieved.
Write its expression. (b) A galvanometer of resistance ‘G’ can be
(b) A galvanometer has resistance G and shows full converted into a voltmeter of range (0 – V) volts by
scale deflection for current Ig. connecting a resistance ‘R’ in series with it. How
(i) How can it be converted into an ammeter to much resistance will be required to change its range
measure current upto l0 (l0  Ig ) ? from 0 to V/2? [Al 2015C]
(iii) What is the effective resistance of this LA [5 Marks]
ammeter? [2020]
91. (i) What is current sensitivity of a
85. (a) Briefly explain how a galvanometer is galvanometer? Show how the current
converted into an ammeter. sensitivity of a galvanometer may be increased.
"Increasing
(b) A galvanometer coil has a resistance of 15 
the current sensitivity of a galvanometer may
and it shows full scale deflection for a current of 4
not necessarily increase its voltage sensitivity"
mA. Convert it into an ammeter of range 0 to 6A.
Explain.
[Al 2019]
(ii) A moving coil galvanometer has a resistance
15 Ω and takes 20 mA to produce full scale
86. (a) Why do we use a shunt to convert a
deflection. How can this galvanometer be
galvanometer into an ammeter?
converted into a voltmeter of range 0 to 100 V?
(b) A galvanometer of resistance 15  shows a full
(2024)
scale deflection on the meter scale for a current of
6 mA. Calculate the value of the shunt resistance
92. (i) An  -particle, a deuteron and a proton
required to convert the galvanometer into an
enter into a uniform magnetic field normally
ammeter of range 0 - 6 A. [Al 2019C]
with the same kinetic energy and describe
circular paths. Find the ratio of radii of their
87. (a) Briefly explain how a galvanometer is
paths.
converted into a voltmeter.
(ii) Give the direction of magnetic field acting on the
(b) A voltmeter of a certain range is constructed by
current carrying coil ACDE shown in the figure so
connecting a resistance of 980  in series with a that the coil is in unstable equilibrium
galvanometer. When the resistance of 470  is
connected in series, the range gets halved. Find the
resistance of the galvanometer.
[Al 2019]
BY ANUJ SIR IIT MADRAS 8130662554

(b) Answer the following:

(i) Why is it necessary to introduce a cylindrical
soft iron core inside the coil of a galvanometer?
(ii) Increasing the current sensitivity of a
galvanometer may not necessarily increase its
voltage sensitivity. Explain, giving reason. [Al
(iii) Why do we use a low resistance ammeter in a 2014]
circuit to measure current? [Al 2021C]
 Motion in a Magnetic Field
93. (a) With the help of a diagram, explain the MCQ
working of a moving coil galvanometer. Justify Given below are two statements labelled as
the necessity of using radial magnetic field in it. Assertion (A) and Reason (R).
(b) A galvanometer can be converted into a
voltmeter to measure up to 97. Assertion (A): A proton and an electron, with
(i) V volt by connecting a resistance of 2 k in series same momenta, enter in a magnetic field in a
with the galvanometer. direction at right angles to the lines of the
(ii) 2 V volt by connecting a resistance 5 k in series force. The radius of the paths followed by them
with the galvanometer. will be same. Reason (R): Electron has less mass
Calculate the resistance that should be connected than the proton. Select the most appropriate
in series with the galvanometer to convert it into a answer from the options given below:
voltmeter to measure up to V/2 volt. (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct
[Al 2020C] explanation of A.
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct
94. Derive the expression for the torque acting on explanation of A.
the rectangular current carrying coil of a (c) A is true but R is false.
galvanometer. Why is the magnetic field made (d) A is false and R is also false.
radial? [3/5, 2020] [Term I 2021 – 22]
OR
Obtain the expression for the deflecting torque VSA [1 Marks]
acting on the current carrying rectangular coil of a 98. An electron with charge -e and mass m travels at a
galvanometer in a uniform magnetic field. Why is a speed V in a plane perpendicular to a magnetic field
radial magnetic field employed in the moving coil of magnitude B. The electron follows a circular path
galvanometer? [3/5, 2020] of radius R. In a time, t, the electron travels halfway
around the circle. What is the amount of work done
95. (i) With the help of a neat and labelled diagram, by the magnetic field?
explain the principle and working of a moving
[2020 – 21]
coil galvanometer.  Force between Two Parallel Currents, the
(ii) What is the function of uniform radial field and Ampere
how is it produced?
(iii) Define current sensitivity of a galvanometer. MCQ
How is current sensitivity increased?
[Foreign 2016] 99. Two wires of the same length are shaped into a
square of side 'a’ and a circle with radius 'r'. If they
96. (a) Explain using a labelled diagram, the carry same current, the ratio of their magnetic
principle and working of a moving coil moment is [Term I 2021 – 22]
galvanometer. What is the function of (i) (a) 2:  (b)  :2
uniform radial magnetic field, (ii) soft iron core? (c)  :4 (d) 4: 
(b) Define the terms (i) current sensitivity and (ii) 100. Three infinitely long parallel straight current
voltage sensitivity of a galvanometer. Why does carrying wires A, B and C are kept at equal distance
increasing the current sensitivity not necessarily from each other as shown in the figure. The wire C
increase voltage sensitivity? [Al 2015] experiences net force F. The net force on wire C,
OR when the current in wire A is reversed will be
(a) Draw a labelled diagram of a moving coil [Term I 2021 – 22]
galvanometer. Describe briefly its principle and
working.
BY ANUJ SIR IIT MADRAS 8130662554

(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct

explanation of A.
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct
explanation of A.
(c) A is true but R is false.
(d) A is false and R is also false.
[Term I 2021 – 22]
(a) zero (b) F/2 Given below are two statements labelled as
(c) F (d) 2F Assertion (A) and Reason (R).

105. Assertion (A): On increasing the current

sensitivity of a galvanometer by increasing the
SA I [2 Marks] number of turns, may not necessarily increase its
voltage sensitivity.
101. Two straight infinitely long wires are fixed in
Reason (R): The resistance of the coil of the
space so that the current in the left wire is 2 A and
galvanometer increases on increasing the number
directed out of the plane of the page and the
of turns. Select the most appropriate answer from
current in the right wire is 3 A and directed into the
the options given below: [Term I 2021 – 22]
plane of the page. In which region(s) is/are there a
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct
point on the x-axis, at which the magnetic field is
explanation of A.
equal to zero due to these currents carrying wires?
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct
Justify your answer.
explanation of A.
(c) A is true but R is false.
(d) A is false and R is also false.

 The Moving Coil Galvanometer

MCQ

102. The coil of a moving coil galvanometer is

wound over a metal frame in order to
[Term I 2021 – 22]
(a) reduce hysteresis
(b) increase sensitivity
(c) increase moment of inertia
(d) provide electromagnetic damping
103. The current sensitivity of a galvanometer
increases by 20%. If its resistance also increases by
25%, the voltage sensitivity will [Term I 2021 –
22]
(a) Decrease by 1%
(b) Increased by 5%
(c) Increased by 10%
(d) Decrease by 4%

Given below are two statements labelled as

Assertion (A) and Reason (R).

104. Assertion (A): To increase the range of an

ammeter, we must connect a suitable high
resistance in series to it.
Reason (R): The ammeter with increased range
should have high resistance. Select the most
appropriate answer from the options given below: