MB 36 Shipping Lithium Ion Batteries
MB 36 Shipping Lithium Ion Batteries
36
Transport of lithium ion batteries is in the scope of Dangerous Goods Transport Regulations. Therefore many specific
requirements have to be respected for their transport. The safe carriage of dangerous goods is important to shippers
and transport companies and not least for every party involved in the chain of lithium ion battery transport.
The following notes, based on recommendations of ZVEI, have been produced to provide initial practical guidance to
the regulations for the carriage of lithium ion batteries and lithium ion batteries in/with equipment.
In any case it is necessary to consult the regulations themselves for details. The applicable regulations are listed below.
They must be fulfilled by the shipper for every commercial shipment of lithium ion batteries.
Especially the energy content and diverse conditions classify which dangerous goods regulations must be taken into
account for the transport of lithium ion batteries. Due to exemption regulations, simplified requirements apply for instance
to lithium ion batteries with a nominal energy up to maximum 100 Wh.
Whereas lithium ion batteries with a nominal energy of more than 100 Wh are always to be treated as fully regulated
Class 9 Dangerous Goods.
Legend:
1
The ADR is available for download from the UNECE Website under transport >> dangerous
goods.
22
Flow chart to determine the appropriate Packing Instruction
Battery
to be shipped
Battery no
Shipment under SP 310, P910 (p. 8)
UN tested?
yes
no
no
Shipment under SP 376, P908
(p. 9 left column)
yes or no
no
no
„exempted“ dangerous goods;
shipment under SP 188 (p. 4)
no
„fully regulated“ dangerous goods shipment
under P903 (p. 5))
Note: Please also take into consideration the information on page 1 and further requirements on page 11.
Packaging Batteries must be placed in inner packagings that completely enclose the battery, batteries must be strong outer packaging
protected so as to prevent short circuits. protection against unintentional activation
Strong outer packaging, e.g. fibreboard box ( short circuit protection
Drop test passed: content shall not be damaged or shifted.
Marking Lithium battery mark Lithium battery mark Lithium battery mark
4
) "Equipment” means apparatus for which the lithium batteries will provide electrical power for its operation.
42
Transportation Mode
Road / Rail (ADR/RID), Sea Freight (IMDG Code)
Nominal Energy > 100 Wh (per battery)
Name and Description Batteries Batteries packed with equipment Batteries contained in equipment
(without equipment) (at least one battery which is not (contained/plugged-in)
attached)
5)
Max. Quantity ADR 1.1.3.6: max. 333 kg (per transport unit, e.g. truck incl. trailer)
If exceeded, further requirements for vehicle equipment and driver
Packaging Batteries must be placed in inner packagings that completely enclose the battery, batteries must strong outer packaging
be protected to prevent short circuits. protection against unintentional activation
Batteries must be secured against movement within the outer packaging. UN approved short circuit protection
packaging (Packing Group II: e.g. UN/4G/Y30/…)
ADR: ADR:
UN 3480 UN 3481
IMDG Code: IMDG Code:
LITHIUM-ION BATTERIES UN 3480 LITHIUM-ION BATTERIES PACKED WITH EQUIPMENT UN 3481 or
LITHIUM-ION BATTERIES CONTAINED IN EQUIPMENT UN 3481
Transport Document UN 3480 LITHIUM ION BATTERIES, 9, (E) UN 3481 LITHIUM ION BATTERIES PACKED UN 3481 LITHIUM ION BATTERIES CONTAINED
WITH EQUIPMENT, 9, (E) IN EQUIPMENT, 9, (E)
Number of packages and packaging type Number of packages and packaging type Number of packages and packaging type
(e.g. 1 Fibreboard box) (e.g. 1 Fibreboard box) (e.g. 1 Fibreboard box)
weight (e.g. xx kg) weight (e.g. xx kg) weight (e.g. xx kg)
Shipper’s & consignee’s address Shipper’s & consignee’s address Shipper’s & consignee’s address
Sea freight (IMDG Code): (language Englisch) Sea freight (IMDG Code): (language Englisch) Sea freight (IMDG Code): (language Englisch)
IMO-DANGEROUS GOODS DECLARATION IMO-DANGEROUS GOODS DECLARATION IMO-DANGEROUS GOODS DECLARATION
(SOLAS 74, KAP. VII, REG 5, MARPOL 73/79, (SOLAS 74, KAP. VII, REG 5, MARPOL 73/79, (SOLAS 74, KAP. VII, REG 5, MARPOL 73/79,
ANNEX III REG. 4 OF IMDG-CODE) ANNEX III REG. 4 OF IMDG-CODE) ANNEX III REG. 4 OF IMDG-CODE)
Applicable 188, 230, 310, 348, 376, 377, 387, 636 188, 230, 310, 348, 360, 376, 377, 387, 390, 670
Special Provisions
Miscellaneous Personnel shall be trained commensurate with responsibilities
5) The picture shows a battery contained in equipment as well as packed with equipment. For such combinations, SP 390 and P903 since ADR 2021 contain detailed regulations aiming at
harmonization with SP A 181 in the IATA DGR for air transport.
52
Transportation Mode
Airfreight (IATA)
Nominal Energy ≤ 100 Wh (per battery)
Packing Instructions IATA PI965 Section IB IATA PI965 Section II IATA PI966 Section II IATA PI967 Section II
deleted, not applicable since
01.04.2022
Max. Quantity none (more than 2 batteries per package) As required for operation, plus 2 n/a
for replacement
Weight Limit PAX: forbidden PAX/CAO: 5 kg net battery weight per package
CAO: 10 kg net battery weight per package)
Packaging Strong outer packaging (fibreboard box) , stacking test 3 m in PI 965, Section IB. Strong outer packaging or
equivalent protection of the
Batteries must be placed in inner packaging that completely encloses the battery;
battery by the device
Batteries must be secured against movement within the outer packaging; Protection against unintended
Batteries must be protected to prevent short circuits putting into service.
Protection against
movements within the
packaging;
Protection against short
circuit
Example 1 Shipper’s Declaration Lithium Batteries PI 965 Section IB Example 2 Air Waybill Lithium Batteries PI 966 and PI 967 Section II
6) "Equipment” means apparatus for which the lithium batteries will provide electrical power for its operation.
62
Transportation Mode
Airfreight (IATA)
Name and Description Batteries Batteries packed with equipment Batteries contained in equipment
(without equipment) (at least one battery which is not (contained/plugged-in)
attached)
Packing Instructions IATA PI 965 Section IA IATA PI 966 Section I IATA PI 967 Section I
Weight Limit PAX: forbidden PAX: 5 kg net battery weight per package
CAO: 35 kg net battery weight per package) CAO: 35 kg net battery weight per package
Packaging Batteries must be placed in inner packagings that Batteries must be placed in inner packagings Equipment containing batteries must be
completely enclose the battery, batteries must be that completely enclose the battery, batteries secured and packed to prevent accidental
protected to prevent short circuits must be protected so as to prevent short operation during transport
circuits Batteries must be protected so as to prevent
short circuits. This includes protection against
UN approved packaging UN approved packaging contact with conductive materials within the
(Packing Group II: e.g. UN 4G/Y30/…) (Packing Group II: e.g. UN 4G/Y30/…) same packaging.
Strong outer packaging
(e.g. cardboard box)
UN approved packaging not required
(SP A48)
Marking LITHIUM ION BATTERIES, UN 3480 LITHIUM ION BATTERIES PACKED WITH LITHIUM ION BATTERIES CONTAINED IN
EQUIPMENT, UN 3481 EQUIPMENT, UN 3481
Net weight (NET QTY) Net weight (NET QTY) Net weight (NET QTY)
Shipper’s/Consignee’s address Shipper’s/Consignee’s address Shipper’s/Consignee’s address
Transport Shipper’s Declaration for Dangerous Goods: Shipper’s Declaration for Dangerous Goods: Shipper’s Declaration for Dangerous Goods:
Document UN 3480, Lithium ion batteries, 9 // 965, UN 3481, Lithium ion batteries packed with UN 3481, Lithium ion batteries contained in
delete the “PASSENGER AND CARGO AIRCRAFT” box equipment, 9 // 966 equipment, 9 // 967
Information on the Air In the “Handling Information” box: In the “Handling Information” box:
Waybill (AWB) “Dangerous Goods as per Shipper ’s Declaration CAO” “Dangerous Goods as per Shipper ’s Declaration” , see example 3
When a shipment contains both dangerous goods and non-dangerous goods, the number of packages containing dangerous goods shall be added in the
“Handling Information” box.
Applicable Special A88, A99, A154, A164, A183, A201, A213, A331, A334, A48, A88, A99, A154, A164, A181, A185, A213, A88, A99, A154, A164, A181, A185, A213, A802
Provisions A802 A220
Training Official IATA-Training required. If not available, please contact IATA authorized expert.
Example 3 Air Waybill containing 5 packages with lithium batteries packed with or contained in equipment together with 20 packages with non-dangerous goods (such as
conventional, corded equipment).
72
Prototypes Prototypes
Transportation Mode Road / Rail / Sea Freight Airfreight
Description Prototypes: Lithium batteries without testing according to UN Manual of Tests and Criteria, Chapter 38.3; Lithium batteries; Lithium batteries
packed with or contained in equipment
Only for transport of:
• small production series of max. 100 batteries (IATA: annual production)
• prototypes for testing reasons only
Special Provision, ADR/RID/IMDG Code SP 310, P910 IATA DGR SP A88, PI 910 (Approval required from the
Packing Instruction Competent Authority of the state of origin)
Note: to/across/via USA additional approval required from
US Authority (DOT)
82
Damaged or Defective Batteries
Transportation Mode Road / Rail / Sea
Weight Limit A battery with a net mass of more than 30 kg shall be limited to one
battery per outer packaging..
Packaging • Each damaged or defective battery or equipment containing such • The packaging shall be capable of meeting certain performance
batteries must be packed separately in leak proof inner packaging to requirements in case of rapid disassembly, dangerous reaction,
prevent release of electrolyte production of a flame or a dangerous evolution of heat or a
• UN approved packaging required for all battery types dangerous emission of toxic, corrosive or flammable gases or
• (Packing Group II), e.g. fibreboard box vapours of the cells or batteries, as specified in P911.
• Must be secured against movement within the package • The additional packaging performance requirements shall be
• Sealed packagings shall be fitted with a venting device verified by a test as specified by the competent authority
• Must be packed with non-combustible and non-conductive thermal
• A verification report shall be available on request as specified in
insulation material, material class A1 or A2 (non-combustible, e.g.
P911.
rockwool, glass wool, foamglass, Vermiculite)
• Absorbing material to absorb leaking electrolyte from leaking • Cells or batteries shall be protected against short circuit.
batteries • Alternative packing and/or carriage conditions may be authorized
• Batteries shall be protected against short circuit by the competent authority (in Germany: Federal Institute for
Materials Research and Testing, BAM); detailed requirements as
stated in the authorization.
Marking UN 3480 DAMAGED / DEFECTIVE LITHIUM ION BATTERIES UN 3481 UN 3480 DAMAGED / DEFECTIVE LITHIUM ION BATTERIES UN 3481
DAMAGED / DEFECTIVE LITHIUM ION BATTERIES DAMAGED / DEFECTIVE LITHIUM ION BATTERIES
CONTAINED IN EQUIPMENT CONTAINED IN EQUIPMENT
Transport Document Shipper’s & consignee’s address Shipper’s & consignee’s address
UN 3480 LITHIUM ION BATTERIES, 9, (E) Number of packages and UN 3480 LITHIUM ION BATTERIES, 9, (E) Number of packages and
packaging type (e.g. 1 Aluminium box) packaging type (e.g. 1 Aluminium box)
Battery weight (e.g. xx kg) Battery weight (e.g. xx kg)
“Transport in accordance with special provision 376“ “Transport in accordance with special provision 376”
If applicable, a copy of the competent authority approval shall If applicable, a copy of the competent authority approval shall
accompany the carriage. accompany the carriage.
7) In assessing a battery as damaged or defective, the type of battery and its previous use and misuse shall be taken into account. In case of
doubt consult the manufacturer.
8) i.e. no exemption related to quantities carried per transport unit
92
Batteries for Disposal & Recycling
Transportation Mode Road / Rail / Sea
Packaging For batteries >100 Wh UN-approved packaging required (Packing Group II)
For batteries ≤ 100 Wh and for batteries contained in equipment, UN-approved packaging is not required. Strong outer packagings constructed of
suitable material, and of adequate strength and design in relation to the packaging capacity and its intended use.
Batteries shall be packed to prevent short circuits and dangerous evolution of heat
Protection against short-circuits and dangerous evolution of heat.
This can be achieved by:
• individual protection of the battery terminal
• inner packaging to prevent contact between batteries
• batteries with recessed terminals designed to protect against short-circuits or
• the use of non-conductive and non-combustible cushioning material to fill empty space between the batteries in the package
Batteries shall be secured within the outer packaging to prevent excessive movement during carriage (e.g. by using a non-conductive and non-
combustible cushioning material or through the use of a tightly closed plastic bag))
102
Additional Information
112
Dangerous goods (e.g. lithium batteries, fuel cell cartridges) contained in equipment such as data loggers and cargo tracking devices,
attached to or placed in packages, overpacks, containers or load compartments are only subject to: ADR 5.5.4.
Exemptions related to quantities carried per transport unit
For lithium ion batteries or devices with lithium ion batteries > 100 Wh a weight limit of 333 kg (battery weight) normally applies in
connection with reduced requirements on transport devices (lorry equipment, driver´s qualification)
(ADR 1.1.3.6).
Cargo securing
Where applicable, cargo shall be secured by suitable means
(ADR 7.5.7).
Cells and single cell batteries
This document refers only to batteries comprising two or more cells. Different exemption limits exist for cells and single cell batteries
Editor:
ZVEI e.V.
Verband der Elektro- und Digitalindustrie
Batteries Division
Lyoner Straße 9
60528 Frankfurt
© ZVEI 2023
Although all possible care has been taken, ZVEI cannot accept any
liability for the content.
122
Appendix
Class 9 hazard
Miscellaneous dangerous substances and articles (ADR 5.2.2.2.2)
Hazard label No 9A
Full-scale template for labelling of the package
cut here
UN 3480
132
Class 9 hazard
Miscellaneous dangerous substances and articles (ADR 5.2.2.2.2)
Hazard label No 9A
Full-scale template for labelling of the package
cut here
UN 3481
142
Lithium Battery Label
(ADR 5.2.1.9.2, IATA DGR 7.1.5.5, Fig. 7.1.C)
Full-scale template for labelling of the package
UN 3480
152
Lithium Battery Label
(ADR 5.2.1.9.2, IATA DGR 7.1.5.5, Fig. 7.1.C)
Full-scale template for labelling of the package
UN 3481
162