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transformations-ppt-for-gmath

The document discusses geometric transformations including translation, rotation, reflection, and dilation, explaining how each transformation alters a figure's position or size while maintaining its shape. It also covers symmetry types such as translational, rotational, reflection, glide, and point symmetry, as well as the concept of tessellations, which are patterns formed by tiling geometric shapes without gaps or overlaps. Finally, it provides examples and applications of these transformations and symmetries in real life.

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Jann Ivan Lannu
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38 views36 pages

transformations-ppt-for-gmath

The document discusses geometric transformations including translation, rotation, reflection, and dilation, explaining how each transformation alters a figure's position or size while maintaining its shape. It also covers symmetry types such as translational, rotational, reflection, glide, and point symmetry, as well as the concept of tessellations, which are patterns formed by tiling geometric shapes without gaps or overlaps. Finally, it provides examples and applications of these transformations and symmetries in real life.

Uploaded by

Jann Ivan Lannu
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Geometric Transformations

Transformations

To transform something is to change it. In


geometry, there are specific ways to describe
how a figure is changed. The transformations
you will learn about include:
•Translation
•Rotation
•Reflection
•Dilation
Renaming Transformations
It is common practice It is common practice
to name shape to name
using capital letters:
transformed shapes
using the same
letters with a“prime”
symbol:
A Translation “slides” an object a
fixed distance in a given direction.
The original object and its translation
have the, same shape and size and
they face in the same. direction
Translations are SLIDES.
Let's examine some
translations related
to
coordinate geometry.

The example shows


how each vertex
moves the same
distance in the same
direction.
Write the Points
• What are the
coordinates for A, B,
C? A (-4,5) B (-1,1) C (-4,-1)
• What are the
coordinates for A’, B’.
C’? A’ (2,5) B’ (5,1) C’ (2,-1)
• How are they alike?
They are congruent triangles
• How are they
different? Each vertex slides 6 units to the right
In this example,
the
"slide" moves
the figure
7 units to the left
and3 units down.

(or 3 units down


and 7 units to the
left.)
Write the points
• What are the
coordinates for A, B,
C, D? A (2, 4) B (4, 4)
C (5, 2) D (2, 1)
• What are the
coordinates for A’, B’,
C’, D’? A’ (-5, 1)
B’ (-3, 1) C’ (-2, -1) D’ (-5, -2)
• How did the
transformation change
the points?
The figure slides 7 units to
the left and 3 units down
A rotation is a transformation that turns a
figure about a fixed point called the center of
rotation. An object and its rotation are the
same shape and size , but the
figures may be turned in different directions
The concept of
rotations can be
seen in wallpaper
designs, fabrics, and
art work.

Rotations are TURNS!!!


This rotation
is 90 degrees
counterclockwise.

Clockwise Counterclockwise
A reflectioncan be seen in water, in a mirror, in glass, or
in a shiny surface. An object and its reflection have the
same shape and size , but the figures face in opposite
directions . In a mirror, for example, right and left are
switched.
Line reflections are FLIPS!!!
The line (where a mirror may be placed) is called the
lineof
line ofreflection.
reflection The distance from a point to the
line of reflection is the same as the distance from
the point's image to the line of reflection.
A reflection can be thought of as a "flipping" of an object
over the line of reflection.

If you folded the two shapes together line


line of
of
reflection the two shapes would overlap
reflection
exactly!
What happens to points in a
Reflection?
• Name the points of the
original triangle.
A (2,-3) B (5,-4) C (2,-4)
• Name the points of the
reflected triangle.
A’ (2,3) B’ (5,4) C’ (2,4)
• What is the line of
reflection?
x-axis
• How did the points
change from the original
to the reflection?
The sign of y switches
A dilation is a transformation that produces
an image that is the same shape as the
different size.
original, but is a different size.

A dilation used to create an image larger


larger than the original is called an
enlargement. A dilation used to create an
enlargement
smaller than the original is called a
image smaller
reduction reduction.
Dilations always involve a change
in size.

Notice how
EVERY
coordinate of
the original
triangle has
been
multiplied by
the scale
factor (x2).
REVIEW: Answer each
question………………………..
Does this
picture show
a translation,
rotation,
dilation, or
reflection?
Rotation

How do you
know?
Because the image is turned.
Does this picture
show a translation,
rotation, dilation, or
reflection?
Dilation
How do you know?
Because the post-
image got bigger.
Does this picture show a
translation, rotation, dilation, or
reflection?
(Line) Reflection

How do you know?

Because the image


flipped over.
Has each picture been rotated in a clockwise
or counter-clockwise direction?

Clockwise Counter-Clockwise
Can you name examples in real life of each
transformation?

•Translation
•Rotation
•Reflection
•Dilation
Graph the image of the figure using the transformation given.
Write a rule to describe each transformation.
PATTERNS AND DIAGRAMS
In geometry, symmetry refers to a balanced and
proportionate similarity between halves of an
object. The line that divides the object into two
symmetrical halves is called the line of
symmetry. The line of symmetry may be
expressed in the form of vertical lines, horizontal
lines, and diagonal lines
Types of Symmetry
Translational Symmetry of objects is illustrated if they are
moved from one position to another with the same orientation in
the forward and backward motion. It is sliding of an object about
an axis.
Types of Symmetry
Rotational symmetry happens when an object is rotated
around a central point at an angle other than 360°. The outcome
is the same as the shape’s original appearance
Types of Symmetry
Reflection symmetry occurs when a line of symmetry
divides an object into two equal halves such that each
half is a mirror image of the other.
Types of Symmetry
Glide symmetry is a mere combination of both
translation and reflection symmetry. Any object that
illustrates translation and reflection (or vice-versa)
indicates glide symmetr
Types of Symmetry
An object has a point symmetry if every part of the
object has a matching part. If an object looks the same
when it is turned upside down, then it is said to have
point symmetry. The shape and the matching parts must
be in opposite directions.
TESSELLATIONS
A tessellation is the process of tiling a plane
using one or more geometric shapes such that
there are no overlaps or gaps. It is a never-
ending pattern on a two-dimensional surface
where all of the plane figures fit together
perfectly like puzzle pieces, and the pattern
can go on forever.
Types of Tessellations

Regular tessellations are formed using regular


polygons. There are only three polygons that are
considered to be regular tessellations. These include
triangular, square, and hexagonal tessellations.
Types of Tessellations
Semi-regular tessellations are composed of at least
two polygons that are arranged with a common
vertex in the tessellation. The pattern around each
vertex is identical. The pattern is called the order of
the vertex of the tessellation, and it is named based
on the number of sides of each regular polygon
surrounding the vertex
Types of Tessellations

Non-regular tessellations are tessellations


consisting of other shapes that may or may not
be polygons

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