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The document provides an overview of precision measuring instruments, specifically the Vernier caliper and micrometer, detailing their parts, calibration processes, and usage steps. It also mentions other common laboratory measuring tools such as steel rules, thermometers, gauges, and weighing scales. The Vernier caliper measures dimensions with a precision of 0.1 mm, while the micrometer can achieve accuracy up to 1 micrometer.

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13 views5 pages

Me Dot 2

The document provides an overview of precision measuring instruments, specifically the Vernier caliper and micrometer, detailing their parts, calibration processes, and usage steps. It also mentions other common laboratory measuring tools such as steel rules, thermometers, gauges, and weighing scales. The Vernier caliper measures dimensions with a precision of 0.1 mm, while the micrometer can achieve accuracy up to 1 micrometer.

Uploaded by

Asa Dasa
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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THE VERNIER CALIPER

Vernier caliper is a precision measuring instrument that is used commonly in the


engineering and manufacturing industries to measure an object’s dimensions
accurately, like inner and outer diameter, thickness and depth. It has two jaws, one jaw
is stationary or fixed while the other jaw is a sliding jaw that moves along the scale that
is used to measure until 0.1 mm. The jaw can also be categorized into two: the internal
jaw which is used to measure inner dimensions, and external jaw which is used to
measure outer dimensions.

A vernier scale has 6 main parts, and these are:


1. Main Scale
- It is used to measure the overall length of the object.
2. Vernier Scale
- It is used to measure the small increments of the length.
3. Jaws
- The jaw makes contact with the object being measured, and it has two
parts, the fixed jaw that is stationary and the second which moves along
the scale.
4. Depth Rod
- A long thin rod located at the bottom of the caliper that is used to measure
depth.
5. Locking Screw
- It secures the object being measured between the vernier caliper for an
accurate reading.
6. Thumb Screw
- Thumbscrew is used to help the moving jaw in ensuring a secure grip on
the object and a smooth movement.

Steps in Calibration Process of Vernier Caliper


1. Clean the caliper jaws of any dirt or debris.
2. Close the caliper completely and press the moving jaw tightly to the fixed jaw,
then lock the caliper using the locking screw
3. Check if the caliper reading is zero by checking if the zero line of the main scale
is aligned with the vernier scale, if the zero lines of the two scales did not align
use the thumb screw to align them.
4. After setting the caliper to zero, measure objects with known value and compare
it to the reading of the caliper, if the reading did not match the known value adjust
the thumb screw until they match.
Steps in using the Vernier Caliper
1. Place the object being measured between the two jaws, then slide the moving
jaw against the object and tighten it using the locking screw.
2. Read the main scale of the vernier caliper which indicates the whole number in
the measurement.
3. Read the vernier scale by locating the first mark on the Vernier scale that lines up
perfectly with any line on the main scale, the mark will now indicate the decimal
number of the measurement.

THE MICROMETER

A micrometer is a precision measuring instrument that is used for measuring


precise linear dimensions like diameter, length, and thickness of objects. The shape of a
micrometer is based on the letter “C” with a movable jaw equipped in its frame that is
operated by an integral screw. The micrometer uses the principle of Abbe which gave
the instrument an incredibly high measurement accuracy that even some models can
measure up to 1um.
A micrometer has 7 parts and these are:
1. Frame - The frame is the “C” shaped part of the micrometer that holds the barrel
and the anvil in a constant position. It has a high thermal mass with a plastic
insulation.
2. Anvil - This part is where the spindles move toward and where the object being
measured rests against.
3. Spindle - It is a cylindrical rod that is used by the thimble to move towards the
anvil.
4. Lock nut - The lock nut is a part of the micrometer that can be tightened to hold
the object in a fixed position.
5. Sleeve or Barrel - A sleeve is a fixed cylindrical part of the micrometer that has a
linear scale.
6. Thimble - It is the rotating part of the micrometer that is attached to the spindle
and has a linear scale.
7. Ratchet Stop - This is a device that is located at the end of the instrument, and it
is responsible for controlling the applied pressure by sliding at a standardized
torque.

Steps in Calibration of Micrometer


1. Clean the surfaces of the anvil and spindle and make sure that the micrometer
closes fully.
2. Check the mating faces of the anvil and spindle if there are gaps between, if
there are gaps grind the mating surfaces.
3. If there are no gaps in between, the next step is to zero the micrometer.
4. To locate the zero position rotate the thimble using the micrometer ratchet until
the spindle is close to the anvil.
5. If the Zero lines up repeatedly, then your micrometer is ready for use.
6. After setting the micrometer to zero, measure objects with known value and
compare it to the reading of the caliper, if the reading did not match the known
value adjust the micrometer again.
Steps in using the micrometer
1. Place the object being measured between the spindle and the anvil, then rotate
the thimble until the spindle makes contact with the anvil and lock it using the
locking nut.
2. Read the linear scale on the sleeve which will indicate the whole number of the
measurement. The upper lines on the sleeves are the millimeters and the lower
lines indicate half millimeters.
3. Next, read the thimble scale on the thimble and this indicates the decimal of the
measurement.
4. Add the readings from the sleeve and thimble to get the measurement.

Aside from the vernier caliper and micrometer, there are also other types of measuring
instruments that can be found in the laboratory, but the most common instruments are
steel rule and tape, thermometer, gauges, and weighing scale. The steel rule and tape
are the ones that are most commonly used due to their simple and direct usage
procedures. They are used in measuring the length, width, or height of an object.
Thermometer is also a common instrument in the laboratory that indicates the
temperature of an object in Celsius or Fahrenheit. The next instruments are the gauges
that are used for accurate and precise measurements of fluid flow, pressure and some
physical parameters like diameter and thickness. Lastly, weighing scales are also one of
the most common instruments used in the laboratory since it shows the weight of an
object. In the laboratory there are two types of weighing scales that are commonly seen,
the first one is the triple beam balance which weighs objects with lighter weights, and
the second one is the platform balance which can be used to weigh large objects or
heavier objects.

https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/vernier-calliper/
https://www.theengineerspost.com/types-of-vernier-caliper/
https://engineeringhulk.com/vernier-caliper/
https://www.fullyinstrumented.com/caliper-calibration/
https://www.vedantu.com/physics/what-is-a-micrometer
https://www.engineeringchoice.com/what-is-micrometer/
https://www.keyence.com/ss/products/measure-sys/measurement-selection/type/micro
meter.jsp

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