3. System Control and Valve Sizing
3. System Control and Valve Sizing
STATIC EQUIPMENT
Control Valve
Learning Outcome
controller
Inst Air
What is control valve?
Control valves are such type of valves which are controlled
remotely to maintain flow rate, Level, pressure and temperature
directly or indirectly as per requirement.
controller
Inst Air
Flow measurement
Figure shows how a control valve used to control the rate of flow in a line.
--Here flow rate is related to the pressure drop across the sensing element.
--The controller receives the pressure signal, compares them with the
pressure drop for the desired flow and thus if the actual flow is different ,it
controller
Inst Air
Control valve in PRESSURE
CONTROL
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Inst Air
Pressurized
vessel
Control valve in Temperature Control
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Inst Air
Cold water in
Steam out
Relationship of major components of a
control valve
Control
valve
Pictures of
Few typical valves
Glove valve
Cage valve and aerodynamic noise
reduction
Butter fly valve
Ball valve
WHAT IS THE DIFFERENT
ACTUATOR/
CONTROLLER
Actuators
Quick opening
• Produces a large increase in flow for a small initial change in stem travel.
Linear
• The flow varies directly with the position of the valve stem. They can be
useful where it is desirable to control mass flow rates into and out of a
process such as liquid level control
Equal Percentage
• produces the same percentage change in flow per fixed increment of valve
stroke at any location on its characteristic curve
Why Use Equal Percentage
Provides equal percentage
increases in rate of flow for
equal increments of plug
movement.
LEAKAGE
Stem leaks - fixed by slightly
tightening the packing nut or gland.
Bonnet and flange leaks can be
caused by bolts loosening under
service strain. If tightening the
joints doesn’t stop the leak, the
gasket may be damaged and this
repair should also be scheduled for
qualified maintenance mechanics.