PALAYCHECK SYSTEM FOR IRRIGATED LOWLAND RICE
As of June 2020
Seed and Variety Selection
KEY CHECK 1:
Used high-quality seeds
of a recommended variety
Seeds are the foundation of farming.
You reap what you sow!
SOW high-quality seeds REAP
(+ good production good harvest
practices) (quantity & quality)
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Low vs High-quality seeds
Low-quality High-quality
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Low vs high-quality seeds
• has plenty of impurities • relatively pure
(weed seeds, seeds of other • have fewer weed seeds
crop species, inert materials) • free from visible seed-borne
• damaged, deformed diseases
• with visible seed-borne • full & uniform in size
pests & diseases • have at least 85% germination
• low germination rate
Low-quality seeds High-quality seeds
Which field used high-quality seeds?
(the same crop management practices applied)
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✓
? ✗
JJEAngunon
Classes of High-quality Inbred Rice Seeds
Tag Color Seed Class
BREEDER seeds (BS)
white - produced from uniform panicles (nucleus seeds)
tag
FOUNDATION seeds (FS)
red tag
- produced from breeder seeds
REGISTERED seeds (RS)
green
- produced from foundation seeds
tag
CERTIFIED seeds (CS)
blue tag
- produced from registered seeds
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Seed Standards
Factor BS FS RS CS
Pure seed (min.) % 99 99 98 98
Weed & other crop seed (max.) % 0 0 0.04 0.04
Inert matter (max.) % 1 1 2 2
Other varieties or grains/500g (max.) 0 2 5 20
Germination (min.) *% 85 85 85 85
Moisture content (max.) % 14 14 14 14
*Based on pure seed only
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Importance of Key Check 1
Use of high-quality As the crop develops,
seeds results in: it allows for:
• higher germination • uniform growth
10% or
rate & lower and crop stand
seeding rate • less pest problem
more
• more vigorous • uniform ripening
seedlings • more efficient
yield
• more efficient crop harvesting
establishment activities
increase
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Importance of Key Check 1
Why use recommended varieties?
Recommended varieties are adapted to
local conditions:
• resistant to biotic stresses (e.g., prevalent
pests & diseases) in the area
• have produced relatively stable and
high yields
• preferred by farmers and local consumers
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and with high market demand
Assessment of Key Check 1
• Seeds are certified by the Bureau of Plant
Industry - National Seed Quality Control
Services (BPI-NSQCS).
If there are no accredited seed
growers in the locality, high-quality
seeds are sourced from reliable
sources or own-produced.
• The variety suits the environment,
addresses a prevailing local field problem,
or has performed well in at least two
seasons of adaptability trials.
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Recommendations to Achieve Key Check 1
1. Source seeds preferably from accredited seed growers.
Check if the attached NSQCS tag is valid.
If seeds are old stocks or carry-over from the previous
season, these should have passed germination re-test
before sowing.
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If there are no accredited seed growers in the locality:
• source seeds from reliable farmers in
the area (i.e., from farms that have
uniform crop growth)
• produce own high-quality seeds
following proper procedures,
particularly in roguing or removing
off-types
• ensure that farmer-produced seeds
have passed a germination re-test to
determine their quality, which may
be done by the farmer or NSQCS.
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Recommendations to Achieve Key Check 1
2. Choose a variety that:
a. suits the environment or planting
season
b. addresses a prevailing local field
problem
c. has performed well in at least
two seasons of adaptability trials
d. has high market demand
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Recommendations to Achieve Key Check 1
• Choose a variety that suits the environment
e.g. NSIC Rc9, 11, 23 &
many traditional varieties
e.g. NSIC Rc288, 478
e.g. NSIC Rc300, 480, 514
e.g. NSIC Rc194
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Recommendations to Achieve Key Check 1
• In rainfed areas, it is recommended
to first choose varieties intended for
rainfed environment.
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Recommendations to Achieve Key Check 1
• Choose a variety that suits the planting season (DS or WS).
TUBIGAN 18
NSIC Rc222
e.g. Tubigan 18 (NSIC Rc 222) is
recommended for DS & WS in
Central Luzon.
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Recommendations to Achieve Key Check 1
During the wet season, pay attention to
prevalent pests in the area & consider also the
shattering & lodging characteristics of a variety.
Example:
Variety Year Blast BLB RTV BPH GLH SB
NSIC Rc 216 2009 S I S MR MR MR
NSIC Rc 222 2009 I I S MR MR MR
PSB Rc 82 2000 R I S I MS I
NSIC Rc 160 2007 I I S MS I MR
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Recommendations to Achieve Key Check 1
• Choose a variety that addresses a prevailing
local field problem.
e.g. NSIC Rc 402 has e.g. PSB Rc10, a 106-day variety, can fit the short
intermediate resistance to BLB crop calendar before the typhoon months
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Recommendations to Achieve Key Check 1
• Choose a variety that has performed well in at least
two seasons of adaptability trials made by PhilRice or
local DA office.
If a variety has not yet been tested in the area,
conduct an adaptability trial for at least two seasons.
Factors to consider in selecting a variety to test for
adaptability: – yield – planting season
– resistance to major – field history
pests in the area – maturity
– grain quality – type
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Recommendations to Achieve Key Check 1
• Consider also regionally-preferred varieties as
these are most likely adapted in the locality.
Example:
Variety t/ha Days BLAST BLB SB TUNGRO
NSIC Rc 274 6.7 116 CES-I-M-U CES-I-M-U CES-I-M-U CES-M-U
I S S I I I I I I I I I I I I
NSIC Rc 288 6.6 118 I I I I I I I I S S S S S S S
NSIC Rc 346 6.2 105 S I I I S I S I S I R I S S S
NSIC Rc 420 6.0 108 S I I I S S I I S I R I S S S
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Recommendations to Achieve Key Check 1
• Aside from high yield potential,
choose a variety that has high
market demand.
_ __ __
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Farmers often prefer new varieties, believing that they yield better.
However, a variety may be released based on reasons other than
yield such as good eating quality & resistance to pests.
Example:
PSB Rc82 has 150 cav/ha (at 50 kg/cav)
average yield while NSIC Rc222 has 140
cav/ha (at 50 kg/cav). However, NSIC
Rc222 is moderately resistant to green
leaf hopper, brown plant hopper, &
yellow stem borer.
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Input Output Outcome
- bought certified
seeds or
sourced high- - high yield
quality seeds - used high-quality - high grain
from reliable seeds of quality
sources or own- recommended - high profit
produced variety
- minimal damage
- followed results to environment
of adaptability
trials
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PALAYCHECK SYSTEM FOR IRRIGATED LOWLAND RICE
As of June 2020
Seed and Variety Selection
KEY CHECK 1:
Used high-quality seeds
of a recommended variety
Production Assistant:
Mr. Jan Adriel Daligdig
Technical Reviewers:
Ms. Susan Brena; Dr. Oliver Manangkil;
Ms. Thelma Padolina; Mr. Errol Santiago
Courseware Reviewers:
Ms. Lea dR. Abaoag; Ms. Ev Angeles
Note:
Presentation produced in 2019 based on results of a series
of consultation workshops with PhilRice R&D staff;
adapted from instructional presentation produced by
PhilRice in 2011.
You may use, remix, tweak, & build upon this presentation
non-commercially. However, always
use with acknowledgment.
Unless otherwise stated, the names listed are
PhilRice staffers.
Review!
Identify the Seed Classes
Tag Color Seed Class
white BREEDER seeds (BS)
FOUNDATION seeds (FS)
red
tag
REGISTERED seeds (RS)
CERTIFIED seeds (CS)
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Assessment of Key Check 1
• Seeds are certified by the Bureau of Plant Industry -
National Seed Quality Control Services (BPI-NSQCS).
If there are no accredited seed growers in the
locality, high-quality seeds are sourced from
reliable sources or own-produced.
• The variety suits the environment, addresses a
prevailing local field problem, or has performed well
in at least two seasons of adaptability trials.
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Advantages of using high-quality seeds
of a recommended variety:
• higher germination • uniform growth and
rate & lower crop stand
seeding rate • less pest problem
• more vigorous • uniform ripening
seedlings • more efficient
• more efficient crop harvesting activities
establishment
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How does the use of high-quality seeds of a
recommended variety result in the following benefits?
Benefit How
more efficient crop e.g. HQ seeds are pure & viable therefore high
establishment germination rate, lower seeding rate
less pest problems e.g. HQ seeds have less weed seeds & seed-borne
diseases, and grow into more vigorous plants that
more uniform e.g. HQ seeds are pure and uniform in size that
growth and maturity result in uniform crop growth and maturity
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