TLE101 –

INTRODUCTION TO
INDUSTRIAL ARTS

Module No. & Title MODULE 1: AUTOMOTIVE

 Welcome dear student to another important course in your journey to
Module Overview
become an excellent teacher.

At the end of the module, you are expected:

Module ❖ To identify car parts, functions, and services.

Objectives/Outcomes
❖ To determine common car problems and solutions.
This module will tackle the following topics:

Lesson 1: History, Automotive Parts and Services

Lessons in the
Lesson 2: Car driving and maintenance, Road Signs
module

Module No.
MODULE 1: AUTOMOTIVE
and Title
Lesson No. Lesson 1: History, Automotive Parts and Services Lesson
and Title 2: Car driving and maintenance, Road Signs
Learning To identify car parts, functions, and services.
Outcomes To determine common car problems and solutions
Time Frame Week 3-4

Hello dear learner! Welcome to another exciting course that will

Introduction

Activity Gallery Walk on the history of Automotive parts and services.

Answer the following questions:

1. What is the main function of a car?

Analysis 2. What are the most important parts of a car?
3. Which part is most important in a car?
4. How car works step by step?

Ten years after Karl Benz was granted a German patent for his creation of the first
car with an internal combustion engine, commercial production of vehicles started
in the United States in 1896. He established the German automaker
Abstraction
MercedesBenz with his wife, Bertha.

BASIC PARTS OF A CAR:

 1. Battery –

The battery is an essential part. Car batteries supply the jolt of energy required to
power the engine as well as the electrical accessories in your car. This enables
your car to turn on in the first place. To start the engine, your battery converts
chemical energy into electrical energy and sends it to the starter.
It will typically be under the hood of cars, and you may spot it by looking for the (-)
and (+) symbols. If you need to jumpstart your car, you must attach the jumper
cable's red clamp to the (+) symbol and its black clamp to the (-) symbol.

2. Alternator

- By using an alternating current, the alternator creates electricity by

converting mechanical energy into electrical energy (AC). It is utilized to power
the car's electrical system in conjunction with the battery. The alternator
harnesses the mechanical energy produced as the car travels to replenish the
battery. Overcharging from the alternator might cause battery issues.

3. Axle

- When you wish to move, brake, or turn, your axles are a crucial
component. Axles are an essential part of the steering system and are attached
to the wheels, supporting the weight of your car and transferring power. The
majority of contemporary cars have split axles, which increase handling and
traction while also
extending tire life by connecting each wheel on each side to an independent shaft
for a smoother, more comfortable ride.
Power is transferred from the engine to the wheels via the axle. It is a crucial
component whenever you wish to travel, brake, or turn. If your axles begin to
make loud clunking noises, they are likely in disrepair. Additionally, your
automobile will vibrate terribly, especially when you brake or turn.

4. Brakes

- The brake system on your car is made up of many parts. The brake pedal,
caliper, light switch, pad, and rotor are all present. When there is a problem with
the brakes, it usually stems from a problem with the caliper, pad, or rotor.
The car's brake calipers might be found either at the front or the back, but they
are always located behind a wheel. Behind a wheel, there are brake pads as well,
and the padding will eventually start to deteriorate. When you begin to hear a
loud, screeching sound every time you stop, you know a brake pad is past its
prime. Your brakes need brake fluid to function properly. The hydraulic action that
intensifies friction is aided by brake fluid.

5. Radiator

- The radiator is located below the hood. Since its job is to cool the engine
down and keep it from overheating, it will be placed close to the engine. To
guarantee that the engine temperature never climbs too high, it must have
enough engine coolant.
The coolant circulates throughout the car, attracting heat, and moving it from the
engine block to the radiator to avoid an overheating condition. The radiator's fins
allow hot air to pass through while cooling the liquid by passing air over it. The
heat is finally released from the car and into the atmosphere.
 6. AC Compressor

- The engine compartment contains the AC compressor. The serpentine

drive belt will be hooked to it, and it will be on one of the sides. To circulate cool
air throughout the vehicle, the AC compressor cycles through Freon. The
compressor must be fully functional if you wish to utilize your car's air conditioning
throughout the sweltering summer months. When the compressor is damaged,
you won't feel any cold air going through the vents, and it will also create
obtrusive, loud noises while running.

7. Muffler

- The muffler, which is a component of your car's exhaust system, keeps it

quiet while you're driving about town. Between the engine in the front and the
tailpipe in the back is where you'll find the actual muffler. Any muffler issues
should be fixed as soon as you become aware of them because complete
catalytic converter failure might result in high repair costs.

8. Transmission

- When looking at a car parts diagram, you should consider whether you
have a front-wheel drive or rear-wheel drive vehicle. The transmission will be
located between the transaxles behind the engine block in front-wheel drive
vehicles. With rear-wheel drive, it will be bolted directly to the engine.
 The transmission has a series of gears that vary depending on the speed desired
by the driver. The driver shifts manual transmissions from a gearing device inside
the power train. The internal computer of the vehicle controls automatic
transmissions. The gear ratios of an automatic transmission are changed
automatically with the help of transmission fluid. CVT transmissions smoothly shift
gears across a wide range of gear ratios.

9. Shock Absorbers

- When driving on uneven terrain, shock absorbers help keep your vehicle
stable. The shock absorbers will be mounted on the underside of your vehicle.
Immediate replacement is required to avoid further wear and tear on your
vehicle's suspension system.

10. Catalytic Converter

- The catalytic converter is a component of the emissions system that

reduces the amount of nitrous oxide, hydrocarbons, and carbon monoxide
produced during the combustion process. To remove harmful emissions, the
converter is made of stainless steel and employs a catalyst. The check engine
light will illuminate in a vehicle with a faulty catalytic converter.

Application How do you properly service a car?

 Well done! You have just finished this lesson. Keep working and enjoy! Now if you
Closure! are ready, please proceed to the last lesson which will discuss about Lesson 2:
Car driving and maintenance, Road Signs.
Module No.
MODULE 1: AUTOMOTIVE
and Title
Lesson No. Lesson 1: History, Automotive Parts and Services
and Title Lesson 2: Car driving and maintenance, Road Signs
Learning To identify car parts, functions, and services.
Outcomes To determine common car problems and solutions.
Time Frame Week 3-4

Hello dear learner! Welcome to another exciting course that will

Introduction

Video Presentation on car driving and maintenance.

Activity
(See attached link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BjX79GsALd8 )

Answer the following questions:

1. What is basic maintenance?

Analysis 2. What is the basic maintenance of a car?
3. How often should maintenance be done in a car?

What You Should Know About Routine Vehicle Maintenance DO IT YOURSELF

1. Learn How to Use Your Owner's Manual
2. Check your tires monthly
3. Change Your Oil and Oil Filter on Schedule
4. Replace the Air Filter with Oil Changes
Abstraction
5. Inspect All Other Fluids
6. Examine Belts and Hoses
7. Always Listen and Feel for Brake Issues
8. Replace Wiper Blades as Needed
9. Remove Battery Corrosion
Application How important is maintaining your car in good condition?

Well done! You have just finished this lesson. Keep working and enjoy! Now if you
Closure! are ready, please proceed to the last lesson which will discuss about Module 2:
Drafting.