SUBJECT: GENERAL PATHOLOGY
Brought to you by Dr. R. Ahmed Dental College T.M.C.P. Unit
The Cell in Health & Disease:
1. Morphology of Cell Injury:
Short Note:
Apoptosis. (2014,13,09,12s) Morphologic Types of Necrosis.
Dystrophic Calcification. (2007s)
(2015,2013,08,14s,10) Dry Gangrene. (2003)
Coagulative Necrosis. (2011,14s) Difference between Necrosis with
Caseous Necrosis. (2003) apoptosis. (2009s,08s)
Difference between dry gangrene & Difference between metastatic &
wet gangrene.(IA) dystrophic calcification. (2006s,05s)
Long Question:
Define Necrosis. Difference between Necrosis & Apoptosis. Enumerate different type of Necrosis with
example. [2+4+4] (2015,12,11s)
2. Intercellular Accommodation:
Short Note:
Fatty changes (Statosis). (2011s,12)
3. Amyloidosis:
Questions:
What is Amyloidosis? (2011s) Classify Amyloidosis. (2011s) what is Amyloid? (2007) mention in brief the
pathogenesis of Amyloid. (2007) Staining character of Amyloid. (2005,07)
4. Genetic & Pediatric Diseases:
Short Note:
Klinefelters Syndrome. (2017) Turner Syndrome. (2007)
Down syndrome. (2007s)
Inflammation & Healing, Immunity & Hypersensitivity, Infection & Infestation:
1. Acute & Chronic Inflammation:
Short Note:
Hypersensitivity Type I. (2017) Phagocytosis. (2011s,10s)
Chemical mediators of acute What the histological features of
inflammation. (2013,14s) chronic inflammation.
Complement. (2011,10s) Cellular event of acute inflammation.
Giant Cell. (2012s,09s) (IA)
Long Question:
A 12 year old girl undergone Appendisectomy.
i. Describe the process of healing of skin wound in this cases.
ii. Enumerate the factor affecting wound healing. (2017)
Define inflammation. Enumerate different types of acute inflammation with example. How does exudate
differ from transudate? [2+4+4] (2016)
Define Inflammation. Difference between exudate & transudate. Mention different type of acute
inflammation with example. {2+4+4] (2014,10,12)
Define Giant cell. Different type of giant cell with example. Draw a label diagram of any two types. [2+4+4]
(2006)
Define Inflammation. Changes in vascular event of acute inflammation. What is the outcome of
inflammation? [2+5+3] (2010)
Briefly outline the mechanism of formation of inflammatory exudate in acute inflammation. [10] (2006s)
2nd Year Q.B. by Dr. R. Ahmed Dental College T.M.C.P. Unit Page 1
SUBJECT: GENERAL PATHOLOGY
Brought to you by Dr. R. Ahmed Dental College T.M.C.P. Unit
2. Granulomatous Inflammation:
Short Note:
Granuloma. (2015,2013,11s,06s) What is primary tuberculosis? Describe
Types of Granuloma. (2007) a ghon complex. (IA)
Describe with labeled diagram of a Draw a labeled diagram of tuberculas
tubercle. (IA) lymph node. (2006)
Long Question:
Define Granuloma. Describe the mechanism of formation of Granuloma with a diagram. [3+4+3] (2005)
Write the pathogenesis of granuloma. Formation in tuberculosis. Draw a label diagram of one such
granuloma. (IA)
3. Wound Healing:
Short Note:
Keloid. (2003) Histological picture of granulation
Granulation tissue. (2011s) tissue. What is its fate? (IA)
Mechanism of Wound healing. (IA)
Long Question:
What is wound contraction? Complication of wound healing. Important factor in wound healing. [2+7+1]
(2006)
A fifteen year old boy has broken is mandible describe the steps of healing of the fractured site. What are
the possible complications which may follow? [6+4] (2008)
4. Disease of Immunity:
Short Note:
Auto-Immunity.(2014) Type I Hypersensitivity. (2015)
Fluid & Hemodynamic Disorders:
1. Derangement of Body Fluids & Electrolytes:
Short Note:
Renal Oedema. (2014s) Difference between transudate &
Transudate. (2012) exudate with example.
(2005s,08,06,09s)
Long Question:
Define Oedema. Classify Oedema according to pathophysiology of its development with examples in each.
[2+4] (2007s)
Describe the pathogenesis of formation of Oedema following infections. How will this Oedema resolve? [10]
(2005s)
2. Circulatory Disturbance Due To Deranged Volume:
Short Note:
Hypovolemic Shock. (2017,03,12s,06s) Write the mechanism of shock.
Endotoxic shock. (IA) Following tooth extraction. (2005s)
Septic Shock. (2015,2010s)
Long Question:
Define Shock. Describe the pathology & pathogenesis of Hemorrhagic shock. [2+4+4] (2009)
Name different types of shocks. Discuss the pathogenesis of septic shock. [3+5] (2013s)
3. Circulatory Disturbance of Obstructive Nature:
Short Note:
2nd Year Q.B. by Dr. R. Ahmed Dental College T.M.C.P. Unit Page 2
SUBJECT: GENERAL PATHOLOGY
Brought to you by Dr. R. Ahmed Dental College T.M.C.P. Unit
Embolism. Difference: Thrombus & Colt.
(2017,14s,12s,09s,03,12,2016) (2009s,14)
Phlebo-thrombosis. (2011) Pathogenesis of thrombus formation
Thrombosis. (2013s) in vein. (2005)
Deep-vein Thrombosis. (2003) Emboli. (2010)
Difference between post-mortem clot Pathophysiology of thrombo-
& thrombus. (2006s,05s) embolism. (2007s)
Long Question:
Define thrombosis. What is Virchow trail? What are the fates of thrombus? [2+3+5] (2009)
What is embolism? Mention the different types of embolism with example? Mention a disease which is due
to air embolism? (IA)
4. Ischemia & Infarction:
Short Note:
Infarction. (2010)
Growth Disorder & Neoplasia:
1. Cellular Adaptation:
Short Note:
Metaplasia. (2013s,11s,06s) Differentiate between hyperplasia &
Atrophy. (2012s) hypertrophy with example. (2005)
Hypertrophy. (2015,2010s) Difference between hypoplasia &
Dysplasia. (2009) atrophy. (2009)
Define hyperplasia with example. Difference between hyperplasia &
(2008s) Neoplasia. (2009)
2. Neoplasia:
Short Note:
Metaplasia. (2016) Difference between carcinoma &
Metastasis. (2014,09) sarcoma. (2008)
Difference between Malignant & Classify different type of tumour giving
Benign tumour. (2008) one example of each. (2005s)
Long Question:
A 52 year old man presented with a fungating growth at the left lateral border of tongue and enlarged
hard palpable lymph node at the left anterior triangle of neck.
i. What is your provisional diagnosis?
ii. How will you confirm the disgnosis?
iii. Draw the microscopic pictures of the lesion. (2017)
Define Neoplasia. Name different rout of Metastases with mechanism of hematogenous spread. Describe
the microscopic features of malignant cell. [2+5+3] (2013)
Define Neoplasm. Describe the characteristic of a malignant neoplasm. What is paraneoplastic syndrome?
[2+6+2] (2014s)
Name the different routes of metastases with mechanism of lymphatic metastases. (2010s)
Describe how a malignant tumour can spread with example. (2005)
Name some pre-neoplastic condition. Draw & label the histo-pathological features of basal cell carcinoma.
[4+3+3] (2006s)
A 56 year old male with a habit of chewing tobacco leaves attended a doctor’s clinic with a painless non
healing ulcer at the right lateral margin of tongue.- i) What is your provisional diagnosis? Ii) Describe the
pathogenesis of the condition. Iii) Draw the microscopic picture of the lesion. [2+6+2] (2015)
3. Common Specific Tumours:
2nd Year Q.B. by Dr. R. Ahmed Dental College T.M.C.P. Unit Page 3
SUBJECT: GENERAL PATHOLOGY
Brought to you by Dr. R. Ahmed Dental College T.M.C.P. Unit
Short Note:
Squamous Cell Carcinoma. (2014s) Basal Cell Carcinoma. (2013s)
Disease of Blood & Lymphoreticular Tissue:
1. Diseases Of R.B.C:
Short Note:
Peripheral blood picture of Classify hemolytic anemia with
megaloblastic anemia. (2006s) example. (2003)
Bone marrow findings of megaloblastic Give blood picture of beta-thalassemia
anemia. (2007,05s) major. What abnormality of
Lab diagnosis of Iron deficiency Hemoglobin does occur in this disease?
anemia. (2006) [3+1] (2003)
Causes of hemolytic anemia. (2007s)
Long Question:
Define anemia. Classify anemia etiologically & morphologically. Discuss in blood picture & bone marrow
picture of aplastic anemia. [2+4+4] (2012s)
Causes of microcytic hypochromic anemia. Outline the investigation. [2+8] (2008s)
2. Disease of W.B.C.:
Short Note:
Leukocytosis. (2009,10) Blood picture of ALL. (2012)
Leukaemoid Reaction. (2008,11s,13s) Blood picture of CML. (2005,03,08s)
Leukopenia. (2007,11s) How to classify chronic leukemia?
Eosinophilia. (2011) What is the blood picture of CLL? (IA)
What are the causes of lymphocytosis? Difference between blood pictures of
Name a disease that produces a CML & Leukaemoid reaction. (IA)
relative lymphocytosis. (2003) Describe the morphology of
Lymphocyte. (2010s) eosinophil. Causes of eosinophilia.
Lymphocytosis. (2013s) [2+2] (2003)
Peripheral blood picture of AML.
(2007s)
Long Question:
A 7 year old boy presents with gum bleeding & lymphadenopathy peripheral blood smear shows abnormal
leukocytosis. i) What is your provisional diagnosis? ii) How would you proceed for laboratory diagnosis of
the case? Iii) Mention its prognosis. [2+5+3] (2016)
What is leukemia? How does it differ from Leukaemoid reaction? Draw a peripheral blood picture of
myeloid leukemia. [2+4+4] (2014s)
3. Platelet & Hemorrhagic Diathesis:
Short Note:
BT & CT. (2013,05) Define and enumerate different cause
DIC. (2013) of thrombocytopenia. (2006)
PT. (2011s,03,12) Disease where clotting time is
Hemophilia. (2015,2011s) prolonged? How can it be estimated?
Classify thrombocytopenia. Bone (2003)
marrow picture of ITP. (IA)
4. Blood Groups & Blood Transfusion:
2nd Year Q.B. by Dr. R. Ahmed Dental College T.M.C.P. Unit Page 4
SUBJECT: GENERAL PATHOLOGY
Brought to you by Dr. R. Ahmed Dental College T.M.C.P. Unit
Short Note:
Complications of blood transfusion. What is hemolytic disease of newborn?
(IA) Why Rh (-) incompatibility each more
Principal & importance of reverse significant than ABO incompatibility.
grouping. (IA) (2005s)
5. Disease of Lymphoreticular Tissue:
Short Note:
Plasma cell. (IA) Hodgkin’s Lymphoma. (IA)
Long Question:
What is plasma cell? Name one malignancy involving this cell. What lab investigation you would like to
perform to diagnosis the disease? (IA)
Systemic Pathology:
1. Disease of Cardiovascular System:
Short Note:
Risk factor in atherosclerosis. (2006) Complication of atheromatous plaque.
Sub-acute bacterial endocarditis. (2005)
(2009,03)
2. Disease of Oral Cavity & Salivary Gland:
Short Note:
Ameloblastoma. (2016) Draw a labeled diagram of
Pleomorphic salivary adenoma. pleomorphic salivary adenoma in a
(2011,10s) tissue section for histopathology.
Epulis. (2009,09s) (2007s)
Leukoplakia. (2013s,2016)
3. Jaundice, Viral Hepatitis & Cirrhosis:
Short Note:
Give the urinary findings in different of Jaundice. (2005)
Long Question:
Define jaundice. Classification of jaundice. Difference between conjugated & unconjugated bilirubin. Write
about normal bilirubin metabolism. (IA)
4. Diabetes Mellitus:
Short Note:
Complications of Diabetes Mellitus. Hematuria. (2013s,07s)
(2017,14,12) Glycosuria. (2010s,08s)
Heat test for Bence - Jones protein in Proteinuria. (2017,14,13,11,07,11s)
urine. (2008) Rothera test. (2011s)
Nephrotic syndrome. (2003) Ketone Body. (2010)
5. Common Diseases of Bones, Joints & Cartilage:
Short Note:
Fibrous dysplasia of bone. (2014,08) Sites of bone marrow aspiration.
Sequestrum. (2009) (2006)
Indication of bone marrow aspiration. Osteomyelitis. (2011s)
(2008) Osteosarcoma. (2015,2014s,10)
Theory from Practical:
Questions:
2nd Year Q.B. by Dr. R. Ahmed Dental College T.M.C.P. Unit Page 5
SUBJECT: GENERAL PATHOLOGY
Brought to you by Dr. R. Ahmed Dental College T.M.C.P. Unit
Short Note:
Chemical sterilizing agents. (2016) E.S.R. (2009s,12,2016)
Hemoglobin estimation. (2010,05s,11s) P.C.R. (2012s)
Wintrobe’s tube. (IA) P.C.V. (2011)
Methods of E.S.R. estimation. (2007) Describe the procedure of staining a blood film
W.B.C. pipette. (2008s) for routine exam. (2005s)
Long Question:
Causes of high E.S.R. How it is estimated? Anticoagulant used for E.S.R. estimation.
2nd Year Q.B. by Dr. R. Ahmed Dental College T.M.C.P. Unit Page 6
