PURE ROLLING CONTACT
Deondo, Labrador, Villanueva, Barredo
PURE ROLLING CONTACT
Pure rolling contact is the motion of two bodies (consecutive points or
elements of one is in contact with the other through line of contact or
surfaces) where their motion is relative to one another. The two bodies in
contact with each other may be rotating on their own axes. One body may
cause other to rotate with an angular speed bearing a definite ratio to the
angular speed of the driver. This speed ratio may be constant or variable,
depending upon the forms of the two bodies, and the axes of the two bodies
may be in parallel, intersecting or neither of the two.
EXAMPLES OF TWO BODIES ROTATING
IN PURE ROLLING CONTACT
Contact between two cylinders Contact between two cylinders with Contact between two cylinders
with parallel axes intersecting axes with non-parallel and non
intersecting axes
CYLINDERS ROLLING
TOGETHER WITHOUT SLIPPING –
EXTERNAL CONTACT
We can see in the figure that the two shafts are in
parallel with each other and the cylinders at the ends of
both shafts are in contact with each other through its
surfaces. Assuming that the shafts are being held by a
frame in which the sum of the radius of both cylinders
is the distance between the center of each shafts and
the nature of the surfaces of the cylinders has no
slipping of surfaces as they turn in their own axes.
CYLINDERS ROLLING
TOGETHER WITHOUT SLIPPING –
EXTERNAL CONTACT
Therefore, the surface speed of A = B and A and
B must rotate in directions relative to each other.
Surface speed of A = 2πR1N1 or πD1N1
Surface speed of B = 2πR2N2 or πD2N2
Sum of Radius, R1 + R2 = C
where:
R1 = Radius of cylinder A
R2 = Radius of cylinder B
N1 = Speed of cylinder A in rpm
N2 = Speed of cylinder B in rpm
CYLINDERS ROLLING
TOGETHER WITHOUT SLIPPING –
EXTERNAL CONTACT
Since,
A surface speed = B surface speed
Therefore,
2πR1N1 = 2πR2N2 or R1N1= R2N2
SAMPLE PROBLEMS
1. A cylinder 10 in. in diameter on Shaft A drives another cylinder on shaft B,
by pure rolling contact. Shaft A has a speed of 330 rpm. Shaft B turns 200
rpm in opposite direction from A. Calculate the diameter of cylinder 2 and the
distance between the axes of the shafts.
2. Shaft A and B are 20 in apart from their centers and cylinder on shaft A is
turning 85 revs in a minute and B 220 revs in a minute. What must be the size
of the cylinders to connect them if they are turn in opposite directions?
SAMPLE PROBLEMS
1. A cylinder 10 in. in diameter on Shaft A drives another cylinder on shaft B,
by pure rolling contact. Shaft A has a speed of 330 rpm. Shaft B turns 200
rpm in opposite direction from A. Calculate the diameter of cylinder 2 and
the distance between the axes of the shafts.
SAMPLE PROBLEMS
2. Shaft A and B are 20 in apart from their centers and cylinder on shaft A is
turning 85 revs in a minute and B 220 revs in a minute. What must be the size
of the cylinders to connect them if they are turn in opposite directions?
CYLINDERS ROLLING TOGETHER
WITHOUT SLIPPING – INTERNAL
CONTACT
This is called internal contact because as you can
see in the figure, one cylinder is hollow and the
other cylinder is inside it, and the outer surface of
the smaller cylinder is in contact with the internal
surface of the hollow cylinder.
CYLINDERS ROLLING TOGETHER
WITHOUT SLIPPING – INTERNAL
CONTACT
Same concept from the previous topic is applied in this
scenario. The only difference is when finding the distance
of the center from each shaft. Instead of adding the radius
of each cylinder, we need to subtract the radius of the
cylinder inside to the inner radius of the hollow shaft.
R1 – R2 = C
CYLINDERS ROLLING TOGETHER
WITHOUT SLIPPING – INTERNAL
CONTACT
Similarly,
Surface speed of A = 2πR1N1
Surface speed of B = 2πR2N2
Since,
Asurface speed = Bsurface speed
Therefore,
2πR1N1 = 2πR2N2 or R1N1= R2N2
SAMPLE PROBLEMS
1. Two parallel shaft which are 3 ft apart and have a speed ratio of 4, are
connected through cylinders by pure rolling contact. Determine the diameters
of the cylinders when they turn in opposite directions and when they turn in
the same direction.
2. Two shafts A and B are 5 ft from centers and are connected by rolling
cylinders to turn in the same direction, A is to make 50 rpm and B to make 150
rpm. Find the radius of cylinders in ft.
SAMPLE PROBLEMS
1. Two parallel shaft which are 3 ft apart and have a speed ratio of 4, are
connected through cylinders by pure rolling contact. Determine the diameters
of the cylinders when they turn in opposite directions and when they turn in
the same direction.
SAMPLE PROBLEMS
2. Two shafts A and B are 5 ft from centers and are connected by rolling
cylinders to turn in the same direction, A is to make 50 rpm and B to make
150 rpm. Find the radius of cylinders in ft.
CONES ROLLING TOGETHER WITHOUT
SLIPPING – INTERNAL CONTACT
The same concept and methods are followed
from previous topic for internal contacts. However,
we do need to take note that the half angles for
internal contact will be different since the smaller
cone is now inside the bigger hollow cone.
CONES ROLLING TOGETHER WITHOUT
SLIPPING – INTERNAL CONTACT
So take note that,
𝜃=α–β
Similarly,
𝑅1 / 𝑅2 = 𝑁2 / 𝑁1
sinα / sinβ = 𝑁2 / 𝑁1
However,
R1 = OP sinα
R2 = OP sinβ
CONES ROLLING TOGETHER WITHOUT
SLIPPING – INTERNAL CONTACT
So,
N2/N1 = sinα/sin(𝜃−α) = sinα/sinαcos𝜃−cosαsin𝜃
N2/N1 = sinα/cosα/cos𝜃 cos/sinα α −sin𝜃 = tanα/cos𝜃tanα−sin𝜃
CONES ROLLING TOGETHER WITHOUT
SLIPPING – INTERNAL CONTACT
Therefore,
tan α = sin𝜃/cos𝜃−N1/N2
Similarly, tanβ= sin𝜃/N2/N1−cos𝜃
SAMPLE PROBLEMS
1. Similar to figure shown above, cone B is rolling without slipping into the inner
surface of cone A, with cone A having the speed of 330 rpm and an angle from
axis to contact surface of 50 degrees. If cone A and B is on the same plane and
its axis makes 30 degrees, find the angle between the axis of cone B from the
contact surface of two cones. And also, find the speed of cone B.
2. Shaft A is transmitting power to shaft B by means of two connected cones at
the same plane, with an angle between their axis of 60 degrees. The cone in shaft
B rotates at the same direction with A at a speed of 500 rpm with an angle
between the axis and contact surface of 30 degrees. Calculate the power in hp
being transmitted by shaft A it generates a torque of 1150 ft-lb.
SAMPLE PROBLEMS
1. Similar to figure shown above, cone B is rolling without slipping into the
inner surface of cone A, with cone A having the speed of 330 rpm and an
angle from axis to contact surface of 50 degrees. If cone A and B is on the
same plane and its axis makes 30 degrees, find the angle between the axis of
cone B from the contact surface of two cones. And also, find the speed of
cone B.
SAMPLE PROBLEMS
2. Shaft A is transmitting power to shaft B by means of two connected cones
at the same plane, with an angle between their axis of 60 degrees. The cone
in shaft B rotates at the same direction with A at a speed of 500 rpm with an
angle between the axis and contact surface of 30 degrees. Calculate the
power in hp being transmitted by shaft A it generates a torque of 1150 ft-lb.
THANK YOU
