B. Choose the right word.

CPC Yao Dao Primary School

Grammar Notes 1. He is angry. He is talking (softly, loudly).
Date：_________________ 2. It is a fine day. The sun is shining (lightly, brightly).
3. He was tired. He slept (soundly, lightly).
Language Focus: Adverbs
4. He was first, he jumped (happily, sadly).
 We use adverbs to describe an action. 5. Mary can sing. She sings (sweetly, badly).
 The adverb comes after the verb in a sentence. 6. I can’t hear you. You’re talking (softly, loudly).
 We usually add ‘ly’ to an adjective to form an adverb. 7. He was hungry. He ate (slowly, hungrily).
 When the adjective ends with ‘y’, we change ‘y’ to ‘i’, then add ‘ly’. 8. You should bring an umbrella. It rains (lightly, heavily).
 Sometimes the adjective and the adverb are the same. C. Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the given words.
Adjectives Spelling rules Examples
Usually add ‘ly’ soft softly
happy fast loud rude polite heavy hungry
quick quickly
rude rudely
Hugo is playing 1._____________ with his dog, Bingo in the park. Suddenly, it rained
Adjectives ending with ‘y’ Change ‘y’ to ‘i’, then add ‘ly’ noisy noisily
happy happily 2.______________ . They sat under a tree but Bingo barked 3. ____________ at the tree.
angry angrily
‘Bingo, stop!’ Hugo shouted. At that time, they saw a fairy! She flew 4.______________
lucky luckily
naughty naughtily in the sky. ‘You should speak 5. ________________ to your pet. You shouldn’t speak
Others No change early early
6. ________________ to him,’ the fairy said.
fast fast
late late ‘I’m sorry. Who are you?’ Hugo asked. ‘My name is Isabel. Nice to meet you,’ Isabel
hard hard
replied. ‘I’m Hugo from Hong Kong. Nice to meet you too,’ Hugo said. Finally, Hugo
daily daily
far far and Isabel became good friends.
Change the whole world good well

A. Form Adverbs from the following words.

1. brave 2. clear
3. bright 4. neat
5. careful 6. noisy
7. lazy 8. heavy
9. healthy 10. hungry
11. early 12. fast
13. late 14. good

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 B. Rick is reading a play. Complete the play with the correct possessive pronouns.
Subject Object Possessive Possessive Reflexive
pronouns pronouns adjectives pronouns pronouns
hers his mine ours theirs yours
I me my mine myself

you(singular) you your yours yourself Narrator : Nancy, Lucy and Suzy are sisters. One day, the prince’s servant

he him his his himself comes to the sisters’ house. Nancy opens the door.

she her her hers herself Servant : Hi! A beautiful lady left this shoe at the party last night. Is this your
shoe, young lady?
it it its its itself
Nancy : Yes, it’s _________ ! I’ll show you! Let me try it on.
we us our ours ourselves
(Lucy comes to the door.)
you (plural) you your yours yourselves
Lucy : (to Nancy) No, it isn’t ________ . It’s my shoe!
they them their theirs themselves Narrator : The shoe doesn’t fit neither of the two sisters. The shoe can’t be
________ .
Servant : Sorry, ladies. The shoe isn’t __________ .
(I) Possessive Pronouns
The sisters : (begging) Please, the shoe belongs to us. It must be ________ !
A. Fill in the blanks with the correct possessive pronouns.
Narrator : Then the servant sees Suzy in the house.
1. This is Alan’s chair. It is ________.
2. These are my pens. They are ________. Servant : Who’s that young lady?

3. That is May’s doll. It is ________. Nancy : She’s our sister Suzy. The shoe isn’t ________ . She didn’t go to

4. Those are the boys’ pets. They are ________. the party.
5. This is Tom’s computer. It is ________. Narrator : Suzy puts on the shoe. It fits her. The servant is happy.
6. The waiters work here. The name tags are ________. Servant : Great! The shoe is ________ , young lady. The prince wants to give a
7. Mr. Chan and Mrs. Chan have a car. That car is ________.
beautiful gold ring to the owner of the shoe. So the ring is __________
8. I collect coins. These coins are ________.
now. And the prince wants to meet you. Look outside. The horse is

__________ . It’ll take you to the palace. Please come with me.
Suzy : Wow, thanks! Goodbye, sisters!

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 CPC Yao Dao Primary School A. Fill in the blanks.
Grammar Notes 1. He _______________ already _______________ (buy) the book.
2. She _______________ already _______________ (sweep) the room.
Date：_________________
3. I _______________ already _______________ (write) the letter.
Language Focus: Present Perfect Tense 4. They _______________ already _______________ (go) home.
5. He _______________ just _______________ (take) the bag away.
Usage Verb forms You can use
this tense 6. I _______________ just _______________ (tell) them the news.
with these 7. We _______________ just _______________ (get) into the bus.
words:
 Used when we talk has / have + past participle already 8. She _______________ just _______________ (eat) the piece of cake.
about the present just
result of a past action e.g. yet
 Used when we do not She has just eaten an apple. since B. Fill in the blanks.
say exactly when Has May finished her cake yet? for 1. A: _______________ you _______________ (throw) the rubbish away yet?
something happened Yes, she has already finished her cake. once
 To talk about things How many times have you been to Mai Po? twice B: No, I ___________________________ (not throw) away the rubbish away yet.
that started in the past I have been there twice. … times 2. A: _______________ May _______________ (show) you the picture?
and continue to the She has watched TV for an hour. never
present B: Yes, she __________________________ (show) the picture to me.
3. Amy __________________________ (learn) ballet since she was four years old.

He/She/It
has 4. My mother __________________________ (work) in this company since 1990.

5. She __________________________ (write) this letter for two hours.

6. I __________________________ (not finish) my homework yet.

They/We/I/You
have

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C. Fill in the blanks with the present perfect tense and the words given.
B. Fill in the blanks with the correct tense forms of the verbs in brackets.
yet paint finish help interview practise 1. I ______________ (eat) an apple yesterday.
2. He ______________(take) the bag yesterday.
Miss Wong : OK, group B. ____________ you ____________ your project on 3. The farmer ______________(sell) his cows last week.
zoo animals ____________? 4. Tom ______________(lose) his pen three days ago.
5. John ______________ (break) the glass yesterday.
Lucy : Phew! Yes, we _________ just ______________, Miss Wong. Claire
6. We ______________(sleep) at 11 o’clock last night.
__________ just _____________ the picture.
7. We ______________ (drink) three bottles of orange juice last week.
Claire : Yes, and Lucy ________________________ a zoo keeper. 8. I ______________ (give) a birthday gift to my sister last month.
9. Sam ______________ (feed) the monkeys in the zoo last Sunday.
Miss Wong : How about you, Sandy?

Sandy : I’m going to give the presentation at the end. I ____________ just
____________ what I’m going to say! C. Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the verbs.

Molly : And I ________________________ Sandy prepare for the

Peter and his family (1) (go) hiking last week. The weather
presentation, Miss Wong.
(2) (be) fine. Suddenly, the sky turned dark and it (3) (rain)
Miss Wong : Good! You’re the last group to complete your project. All the other heavily. They (4) (run) down the hill. But Peter (5) (slip)
groups have already finished. and hurt his leg. He could not (6) (move). So his father dialled 999 and
(7) (send) him to hospital.
Yesterday Peter’s friend Jim (8) (visit) him in the hospital.
‘Hi, Peter. How (9) (be) you?’ said Jim. ‘Fine, thanks. I’m happy to
(10) (see) you, Jim,’ Peter said happily.

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 CPC Yao Dao Primary School
Grammar Notes C. Fill in the blanks with the appropriate word. You may need to change the words
to infinitive.
Date：_________________
make bake put wash mix celebrate add
Language Focus: Infinitive
 Infinitive is the base verb form.
Last Sunday, I went shopping with my mum. We planned e.g. to make a
 We can use infinitive when we give instructions.
strawberry cake for my daddy. We want (1) his thirty-eighth
e.g. Wash your hands.
birthday.
 We can use to + infinitive to show the purpose of an action.
We bought some cream to make the cake more delicious. Then, we bought a
e.g. I used some paper to make a ship.
box of strawberries. Next, we went home (2)____________ the cake. Here are our
e.g. Jenny reads lots of book to improve her English.
steps:
 We can use infinitive in negative form.
First, (3)____________ our hands.
e.g. She told me not to cry. ()
Next, (4)____________some hot water to the powder and (5)____________it
e.g.. She told me to not cry. ()
with sugar.
A. Choose the correct word(s) and circle it. Then, (6)____________the mixture into the oven and (7)____________ it for
1. (Add, Adding) some water and cook for five minutes.
15 minutes.
2. He decided (to have, have) a trip in Singapore.
Finally, put some strawberries on top of the cake and add some cream.
3. First, (beating, beat) the butter.
4. Finally, (add, to add) some hot water.
5. Mum buys me a scarf (keep, to keep) warm.

B. Circle the correct answers.

1. Mum told me ( not to / to not ) fight with others.
2. Ray asked me ( share / to share / sharing ) snack with him.
3. Matt told Bean ( bring / to bring / brining ) him hot water.
4. Hugo told Isabel ( not to worry / not worry / to not worry ) about the bird.
5. Isabel wants (see / seeing / to see ) her poor little bird.
6. It is important (not to take / to take / to not take ) medicine on time.
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 CPC Yao Dao Primary School
Grammar Notes CPC Yao Dao Primary School
Grammar Notes
Date：_________________
Date：_________________
Language Focus: Gerund
Language Focus: Because, So, Although & But
 We use gerunds after verbs like ‘enjoy’, ‘love’, ‘like’ and ‘hate’.
 We use ‘because’ to give reasons.
 We use ‘not like / not enjoy / hate + …ing’ to talk about things we don’t like doing. E.g. I’m hungry because I didn’t have breakfast this morning.

 We can use gerund to talk about things we like doing.  We use ‘so’ to link the reason to the result.
E.g. I am sick so I go to see a doctor.
e.g. I like playing football.
 We use ‘although’ to link contrasting ideas.
e.g. We don’t like dancing. E.g. Although the bag is beautiful, it is expensive.

 Gerund can be a subject.  We also use ‘but’ to link contrasting ideas and we usually put ‘but’ in the middle of
the sentence.
e.g. Reading books is my hobby.
E.g. The bag is beautiful, but it is expensive.
 Gerund can also be an object.  We never put ‘although’ and ‘but’ in the same sentence.

e.g. My hobby is reading books. (X) Although Susan is pretty, but she is mean to others.
() Although Susan is pretty, she is mean to others.
A. Complete the table.
Gerund Gerund A. Fill in the blanks with “although”, “but”, “because” and “so”.
e.g. I like reading because it is interesting.
e.g. read reading e.g. hike hiking

1. go 6. ride
1. Tom wants to go swimming __________________ it is hot.
2. collect 7. listen 2. Gigi was thirsty __________________ she did not drink any water.

3. have 8. dance 3. Alex was sick __________________ he did not go to see the doctor.

4. swim 9. lie 4. Jay doesn’t talk to Queenie __________________ he is angry with her.
5. Mary is healthy __________________she eats a lot of vegetables every day.
5. watch 10. skip
6. __________________ Monica is kind, she does not have many friends.
7. Jolly didn’t hand in her homework __________________ our teacher punished her.
P. 15 P. 17
 C. Matt and Hugo are at a party. Complete their conversations using ‘although’,
8. That restaurant was full __________________ Sammi went to another restaurant. ‘so’, ‘because’ and ‘but’.

9. __________________ Ivy’s dad bought her a new toy, she is unhappy.

Matt: Will the zebras come today?
10. Tracy and Mimi were tired __________________ they stayed at home.

Hugo: (1)__________________ they hate going to party, they will join us.

B. Rewrite the sentences. Matt, Isabel and Hugo are having a party with the animals.
Join the two sentences using the given word.
Matt: That’s great! I have always wanted to see a zebra. I like seeing wild animals

e.g. Miss Chan is hungry. Miss Chan eats ten hot dogs. (so) (2)__________________ there are few zoos in Hong Kong. Oh, there are two

Miss Chan is hungry so she eats ten hot dogs. birds. What will they do?

1. Hugo is hungry. Hugo did not have breakfast this morning. (because) Hugo: They are good at singing (3) __________________ they will perform a song.
____________________________________________________________________
Matt: The monkeys are strange. (4) __________________ they like eating all the
2. The monkey is telling a boring joke. The animals like it. (although) time, they are thin.
____________________________________________________________________
Hugo: They are fit (5) __________________ they exercise a lot. They love jumping
3. Isabel is good at cooking. Isabel is teaching the other animals how to cook. (so) and running (6) __________________ they won’t get fat.
____________________________________________________________________
Matt: I see.
4. Matt is ill. Matt comes to the party. (but)
____________________________________________________________________ Hugo: (7) __________________ the crocodiles won’t come, you will see a lot of other
wild animals today. The crocodiles do not like going out (8) ________________
they like staying in the river.

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 CPC Yao Dao Primary School
Grammar Notes
C. Complete the news article with the correct form of the verbs.
Date：_________________
Who caught the animals? 20th Feb, 20XX
Language Focus: Past Continuous Tense By Alex Chung
 We use past continuous tense to talk about an action that continued for a period of
time in the past. A man caught a panda in Sunny Forest yesterday. Here is what happened:
E.g. What was she / were they doing at 6pm yesterday?
An explorer (e.g.) was taking (take) photos when he (e.g.) heard (hear)
She was watching TV.
They were playing basketball. the strange sound. He (1) ______________________ (look) around when a man
(2) _______________(run) past him. The explorer (3) ________________(walk)
 We use ‘when’ to link a longer action to a shorter action in the past.
E.g. I was walking in the street when I met John. near the panda when the man (4) _______________(catch) it.

 We use ‘while’ to link two continuous actions that happened at the same time.
E.g. I was reading while my sister was playing the piano. The man (5)___________(run) to a car when he (6) ____________ (drop)
a key. The explorer (7) ___________________(chase) the man when the man
A. Choose the correct word(s) and circle it.
e.g. Sam is swimming (when, while) John is taking a bath. (8) ______________(jump) into a car.

1. John was watching (when, while) his brother was doing homework.
2. Ryan’s dad was cooking (when, while) Ryan came home. There have been similar cases in other forests this year. Call the police if

3. I was walking to school (when, while) William was listening to music. you see this man.

4. Helen was talking on the phone (when, while) I was crossing the road.
5. Ryan (was, were) watching TV while Judy and Sam (was, were) reading comics.
6. Sammy (rode, was riding, were riding) her bicycle when her mobile phone
(rang, was ringing, were ringing).
B. Sam is talking with Ryan about what different people were doing at eight o’clock
last night. Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the given words.
e.g. Tim and Kelly were having (have) dinner.
1. Fion __________________(take) pictures.
2. Jason and Carmen __________________ (chat).
3. Ray and his mother __________________ (listen) to the radio.
4. What __________________ May __________________ (do)?
5. What__________________your friends __________________ (play)?
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 CPC Yao Dao Primary School
Grammar Notes
9. ‘Ryan, you will hurt___________________ if you are not careful,’ says Mum.
Date：_________________ 10.You all should clean your tables by___________________.

Language Focus: Reflexive Pronouns B. Quiz. Complete the story with correct pronouns. You may use the words more
 We use reflexive pronouns when the subject and the object are the same.
than one time.

E.g. I hurt myself when I fell.

we he it me himself yourselves themselves
E.g. She saw herself on TV.

 We also use reflexive pronouns for emphasis. One day, Matt, Isabel and Hugo were walking on the path by
e.g. He repaired the car (by) himself.
e.g. themselves. Suddenly, many wolves jumped out from the bushes. Isabel
 Reflexive pronouns end with ‘-self’ or ‘-selves’. and Matt fought with the wolves and they hurt 1) ___________________.

‘-self’ ‘-selves’ Hugo then made a fire by 2) ___________________ to scare the wolves away.
I  myself you (plural)  yourselves
you  yourself we  ourselves
he  himself they  themselves At the time they were escaping, they saw a boat.
her  herself 3) ___________________ was moving away. ‘Let’s get on the boat quickly!’
it  itself
Matt said. Hugo was running when he fell over and hurt
A. Fill in the blanks with the correct reflexive pronouns. 4) ___________________. ‘Just leave 5) ___________________ here. You and
myself yourself himself herself itself
Isabel get on the boat first!’ Hugo continued, ‘I’ll be alright. You all take good
yourselves ourselves themselves
care of 6) ___________________!’ ‘No, we won’t leave you behind!
e.g. He goes to school himself.
7) ___________________ are friends. We should help one another!’ Isabel
1. We had a party yesterday. We enjoyed ___________________ very much.
said.
2. Tom drew a nice picture ___________________.
3. David and Paul take care of ___________________ when their parents are not at
At that time, Matt saw his friend Bean. 8) ___________________ was
home.
coming with a big bear! The big bear scared all the wolves away. ‘Thank you,
4. I made a cheese cake by___________________.
Bean,’ Matt said.
5. Joyce is a popular model. She often sees___________________ in magazines.
6. The cat cleans ___________________ every day.
7. Judy and I went hiking ___________________ yesterday.
8. Jenny’s cats play the balls___________________.
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