ISLAMIAH MAT HR SEC SCHOOL,

KILAKARAI, RAMANATHAPURAM DT.

XII COMMON PUBLIC EXAMINATION, MARCH -2025 (11-03-2025)

TENTATIVE ANSWER KEY

Question type A
SUB: ZOLOOGY MARKS:70

Q.NO CONTENT MARKS MODE OF

QUESTION
PART -I BOOK BACK /
BOOK INSIDE/
15 X 1 =15
I. CHOOSE THE CORRECT ANSWER CREATIVE
1 c) Inflammation 1 BOOK BACK
2 a) UUU, Phenylalanine 1 BOOK BACK

3 a) Klinefelter’s syndrome – XXY Female 1 BOOK INSIDE

4 c) 1400cc 1 BOOK BACK

5 d) Syphilis, Chlamydiasis, Gonorrhoea 1 BOOK BACK

6 d) Detection of Pathogens 1 BOOK BACK

7 a) Prolactin 1 BOOK BACK

8 b) Both Assertion and Reason are true and Reason 1 BOOK BACK
explains Assertion correctly
9 b) Conformer – Regulator - Partial Regulator 1 BOOK BACK
10 a) Conjugation 1 BOOK BACK

11 d) Chennai 1 BOOK INSIDE

12 c) Oprons 1 BOOK BACK

13 a) Aspergillus niger 1 BOOK BACK

14 d) Dobson units 1 BOOK BACK

15 a) A toxin from Plasmodium species 1 BOOK BACK

ISLAMIAH MAT HR SEC SCHOOL E.VINOTH KUMAR., M.Sc., M.Sc, B.Ed., 7639802621
Q.NO CONTENT MODE OF
MARKS QUESTION
PART -II BOOK BACK /
ANSWER ANY SIX OF THE FOLLOWING 6 X 2 = 12 BOOK INSIDE/
II. QUESTION NUMBER 24 IS COMPULSORY CREATIVE
16 Ectopic pregnancy: 1 BOOK INSIDE
1. If the fertilized ovum is implanted outside
the uterus it results in ectopic pregnancy.
2. About 95 % of ectopic pregnancies occur in the 1
fallopian tube.
17 Structure of matured spermatozoa: BOOK INSIDE
2

Diagram – 1 Mark
Parts – 1 Mark
18 Applications of DNA Finger printing 2 BOOK INSIDE
Forensic analysis:
1. It can be used in the identification of a person
involved in criminal activities
2. Identification for settling paternity or maternity
disputes,
3. Determining relationships for immigration
purposes.
Pedigree analysis:
4. Inheritance pattern of genes through generations
and for detecting inherited diseases. Conservation
of wild life:
5. Protection of endangered species. By
maintaining DNA records for identification of
tissues of the dead endangered organisms.
Anthropological studies:
6. It is useful in determining the origin and migration
of human populations and genetic diversities.

ISLAMIAH MAT HR SEC SCHOOL E.VINOTH KUMAR., M.Sc., M.Sc, B.Ed., 7639802621
19 Major gases seem to be found in the primitive 2 BOOK BACK
earth.
1. Ammonia, 2. Methane, 3. Hydrogen and 4.
Water vapour
20 Rearrange the descent in human evolution: 2 BOOK BACK
1. Ramapithecus → Austrolopithecus → Homo
habilis → Homo erectus → Homo sapiens
21 How does saliva act in body defence? 2 BOOK BACK
1. Lysozyme acts as antibacterial agent and cleaves
the bacterial
cell wall.
2. Lysozyme is a secretion of saliva.
22 Give any two bioactive molecules produced by 2 BOOK BACK
microbes and state their uses.
1. Lipases - used in detergent formulations and are
used for removing
oily stains from the laundry.
2. Pectinase, protease
and cellulose – used in clarify the Bottled juices.
3. Rennet - used to separate milk into solid curds
for cheese making
23 Acclimatisation: 1. Animals are known to modify 2 BOOK BACK
their response to environmental changes in a short
time. This is known as Acclimatization.
24 Natality (Population increase): 2 BOOK BACK
1. Birth rate
2. Populations increase because of natality.

Mortality (Population decrease):

1. Death rate.
2. Population decline factor and is opposite to
natality.

ISLAMIAH MAT HR SEC SCHOOL E.VINOTH KUMAR., M.Sc., M.Sc, B.Ed., 7639802621
Q.NO CONTENT MARKS MODE OF
QUESTION
PART -III
ANSWER ANY SIX OF THE FOLLOWING BOOK BACK /
III. QUESTION NUMBER 33 IS COMPULSORY 6 X 3 = 18 BOOK INSIDE/
CREATIVE
25 3 BOOK INSIDE

26 Expand the following. 3 BOOK INSIDE

1. ZIFT - Zygote Intra - Fallopian Transfer.
2. ICSI - Intra Cytoplasmic Sperm Injection.
3. IUT – Intra Uterine Transfer
27 Criss – cross inheritance? 3 BOOK BACK
1. X- Linked traits are inherited from the male
parent to his grandson through carrier daughter. Ex:

2. Red-green colour blindness or daltonism,

1. Haemophilia and
2. Duchenne’s muscular dystrophy
28 The coding Sequence of DNA: 3 BOOK BACK
5' TGC ATG CAT GCA TGC ATG CAT GCA
TGC 3'
1. The sequence of mRNA:
3’ACG UAC GUA
CGU ACG UAC GUA CGU ACG 5’
29 3 BOOK BACK

30 What is bioremediation? Mention its types. 3 BOOK BACK

1. The use of naturally occurring or genetically
engineered microorganisms to reduce or degrade
pollutants is called bioremediation. Types:
2. In situ bioremediation (treatment of
contaminated soil or water in the site).

ISLAMIAH MAT HR SEC SCHOOL E.VINOTH KUMAR., M.Sc., M.Sc, B.Ed., 7639802621
 3. Ex situ bioremediation (treatment of
contaminated soil or water that is removed from
the site and treated).
31 Gene therapy is an attempt to correct a Genetic 3 BOOK BACK
defect by providing a normal gene into the
individual. By this the function can be restored.
An alternate method would be to provide gene
product known as enzyme replacement therapy,
which would also restore the function. Which in
your opinion is a better option? Give reasons for
your answer.
1. Though both Gene therapy and Enzyme
replacement therapy helps to restore the genetic
defects, Gene therapy is much better than Enzyme
replacement therapy.
2. Because, in Gene therapy once the defective
gene is repaired using normal gene, the affected
individual gains complete recovery.
3. Whereas, in Enzyme replacement therapy, the
respective enzyme or protein has to be provided
periodically and does not offer a permanent cure.
32 How many hotspots are there in India? Name 3 BOOK BACK
them.
1. There are Four hotspots are there in India
2. Himalayas: The entire Indian Himalayan region.
3. Western Ghats.
4. Indo - Burma: includes entire North - eastern
India, except Assam and Andaman group of
Islands.
5. Sundalands: Includes Nicobar group of Islands.
33 What are agrochemicals or agrichemicals? 3 BOOK INSIDE
1. Chemicals which are used in agriculture for
growth of plants and pest control are called
agrochemicals or agrichemicals. Overuse of
agrochemicals:
1. kill beneficial bacteria and soil organisms.
2. Can cause eutrophication in water bodies.
3. Affect aquatic animals and their productivity.
4. Pesticide containing water, is unfit for human
consumption.
5. Particles (aerosols) and residues of these
chemicals cause air pollution.
6. Inhalation of contaminated air can cause

ISLAMIAH MAT HR SEC SCHOOL E.VINOTH KUMAR., M.Sc., M.Sc, B.Ed., 7639802621
 respiratory problems.
7. Consumption can lead to poisoning, side effects
and after effects.
8. Chemicals can cause skin rashes and irritation
of eyes.

9. Many of these chemicals are reported to be

carcinogenic.
10. They can trigger hormonal disorders and
neurotoxicity.
11. Beneficial insects and animals can be affected.

Q.NO CONTENT MARKS MODE OF

QUESTION
PART –IV
5 X 5 = 25 BOOK BACK /
IV. ANSWER ALL THE QUESTION BOOK INSIDE/
CREATIVE
34 (a) 5 BOOK INSIDE

ISLAMIAH MAT HR SEC SCHOOL E.VINOTH KUMAR., M.Sc., M.Sc, B.Ed., 7639802621
34 (b) Explain the genetic basis of ABO blood grouping 5 BOOK BACK
man.
1. The basis of these chemical differences is due to
the presence of antigens (surface antigens) on the
membrane of RBC and epithelial cells, blood
groups are classified. The genetic basis of ABO
blood grouping in man:
2. Three autosomal alleles are on chromosome 9.
3. These alleles determine the blood group.
4. The gene for blood group is labelled as ‘’I’’ (I -
Isoagglutinogen - antigen)
5. I gene has 3 allelic forms IA IB IO
6. IA specifies A antigen, IB for B antigen and IO
allele specifies no antigen.
7. The phenotypic combinations is –A, B, AB, and
O.
8. The genotypes are IA IA, IA IO, IB IB, IB IO, IA
IB, and IO IO.
Chemical basis of ABO blood grouping: 1. Each
allele (IA and IB) produces a transferase enzyme. 2.
IA allele produces N-acetyl galactose transferase
and can add N-acetyl galactosamine (NAG) to the
precursor. 3. IB allele encodes for the enzyme
galactose transferase that adds galactose to the
precursor (i.e., H substances).

ISLAMIAH MAT HR SEC SCHOOL E.VINOTH KUMAR., M.Sc., M.Sc, B.Ed., 7639802621
35 (a) Rh incompatibility: 5 BOOK INSIDE
1Mother is Rh negative and the foetus is Rh positive. 2.
Usually, no effects are associated with exposure of
the mother to Rh positive antigen during the first child
birth.
3. Subsequent Rh-positive children carried by the same
mother, may be exposed to antibodies produced by
the mother against Rh antigen.
4. They are carried across the placenta into the
foetal blood circulation.
5. This causes haemolysis of foetal RBCs resulting
in haemolytic jaundice and anaemia.
6. This condition is known as Erythoblastosis foetalis or
Haemolytic disease of the new born (HDN).
Prevention
7. If the mother is Rh negative and foetus is Rh
positive, anti D antibodies should be
administered to the mother at 28th and 34th week of
gestation as a prophylactic measure.
8. If the Rh-negative mother delivers Rh positive
child, then anti D antibodies should be administered
to the mother soon after delivery.
35 (b) Extinction: Species extinction 5 BOOK BACK
1. It eliminates an
entire species, Reasons:
2. Environmental event –
flood
3. Biological event – disease

ISLAMIAH MAT HR SEC SCHOOL E.VINOTH KUMAR., M.Sc., M.Sc, B.Ed., 7639802621
 4. Non-
availability of food resource half or more). Mass
extinction:
1. It eliminates half or more species in a region or
ecosystem. Reasons:
2. Volcanic eruption. 3. Five major mass extinction
that occurred since the Cambrian period Global
extinction: 1. It eliminates most of the species on a
large scale or larger taxonomic groups in the
continent or the Earth. Example: 2. Snow ball Earth
and extinction following elevation in CO2 levels.
36 (a) Write the salient features of Human Genome 5 BOOK INSIDE
Project. 1. Although human genome contains 3
billion nucleotide bases, the DNA sequences that
encode proteins make up only about 5% of the
genome. 2. An average gene consists of 3000 bases,
the largest known human gene being dystrophin
with 2.4 million bases. 3. The function of 50% of
the genome is derived from transposable elements
such as LINE and ALU sequence. 4. Genes are
distributed over 24 chromosomes. Chromosome 19
has the highest gene density. Chromosome 13 and
Y chromosome have lowest gene densities. 5. The
chromosomal organization of human genes shows
diversity. 6. There may be 35000-40000 genes in
the genome and almost 99.9 nucleotide bases are
exactly the same in all people. 7. Functions for over
50 percent of the discovered genes are unknown. 8.
Less than 2 percent of the genome codes for
proteins.
9. Repeated sequences make up very large portion
of the human genome. Repetitive sequences have no
direct coding functions but they shed light on
chromosome structure, dynamics and evolution
(genetic diversity). 10. Chromosome 1 has 2968
genes, whereas chromosome ’Y’ has 231 genes. 11.
Scientists have identified about 1.4 million
locations, where single-base DNA differences
(SNPs – Single nucleotide polymorphism –
pronounce as ‘snips’) occur in humans.
Identification of ‘SNIPS’ is helpful in finding
chromosomal locations for disease-associated
sequences and tracing human history.

ISLAMIAH MAT HR SEC SCHOOL E.VINOTH KUMAR., M.Sc., M.Sc, B.Ed., 7639802621
36 (b) Prevention of alcohol and drug abuse. 1. Effectively 5 BOOK BACK
dealing with peer pressure: Have a better group of
friends to avoid such harmful drugs and alcohol. 2.
Seeking help from parents and peers: Help from
parents and peer group. Help may even be sought
from close and trusted friends. 3. Education and
counselling: Education and counselling create
positive attitude to deal with many problems and to
accept disappointments in life. 4. Looking for
danger signs: Teachers and parents need to look for
sign that indicate tendency to go in for addiction. 5.
Seeking professional and medical assistance:
Assistance is available in the form of highly
qualified psychologists, psychiatrists and de-
addiction and rehabilitation programmes.
37 (a) Structure of immunoglobulin. 5 BOOK BACK
1. In 1950s, Porter and Edelman revealed the basic
structure of the immunoglobulin. 2. An antibody
molecule is Y shaped structure. 3. Comprises of
4 four polypeptide chains. 4. Two identical light
chains (L) of molecular weight 25,000 Da
(214 amino acids). 5. Two identical heavy chains
(H) of molecular weight 50,000 Da (450 amino acids).
6. The polypeptide chains are linked together by di-
sulphide (S-S) bonds. 7. One light chain is attached
to each heavy chain and 2 heavy chains are attached
to each other to form a Y shaped structure. 8. Hence, an
antibody is represented by H2 L2. 9. Terminals:
They are C - terminal (Carboxyl) and amino or N-
terminal. 10. Two regions: They have variable (V)
region & (C) region at the other end.

ISLAMIAH MAT HR SEC SCHOOL E.VINOTH KUMAR., M.Sc., M.Sc, B.Ed., 7639802621
37 (b) Adaptations seen in terrestrial animals: Any 5 5 BOOK BACK
1. Earthworms, land Planarians: Mucus coating to
maintain a moist situation for burrowing, coiling,
respiration, etc., 2. Arthropods: external covering
over the body surfaces and well - developed tracheal
systems for respiration. 3. Vertebrate: Skin with
many cellular layers. The well protected respiratory
surfaces that help in preventing loss of water.
4. Some animals: Obtain their water requirement
from food as partial replacement of water lost
through excretion. 5. Birds: Make nests and breed
before the rainy season as there is availability of
abundant food. But during drought birds rarely
reproduce. 6. Camels: They are able to regulate
water effectively for evaporative cooling through the
skin and respiratory system and excrete highly
concentrated urine, and can also withstand
dehydration up to 25% of their body weight.
38 (a) r selected and k selected species. 5 BOOK INSIDE

38 (b) i) Protected areas. 1. These are biogeographical areas 5 BOOK BACK

where biological diversity along with natural and
cultural resources is protected, maintained and
managed through legal measures. 2. Protected areas
include national parks, wild life sanctuaries,
community reserves and biosphere reserves.
3. World Conservation monitoring centre has
recognized 37,000 protected areas world-wide.
4. India has about 771 protected areas covering
162099 Km2. 5. National Parks (104). 6. Wild Life
Sanctuaries (544). 7. biosphere reserves (18) and 8.
Several sacred groves. ii) Wildlife sanctuaries:
1. Any area other than the area comprised with any
reserve forest or the territorial waters can be notified by
the State Government. 2. This constitutes as a
sanctuary with adequate ecological, faunal, floral,

ISLAMIAH MAT HR SEC SCHOOL E.VINOTH KUMAR., M.Sc., M.Sc, B.Ed., 7639802621
 geomorphological, natural or zoological significance. 3.
This is for the purpose of protecting, endangered
factual species. 4. Ecotourism is permitted, as long as
animal life is undisturbed. 5. Wild life sanctuaries in
India 544. 6. Wild life sanctuaries in India covering
an area of 118,918 km2.
7. It is 3.62 % of the geographical area of the country
(National Wildlife Database, 2017). 8. Sanctuaries
are tracts of land where wild animals and fauna can
take refuge without being hunted or poached. 9.
Collection of forest products, harvesting of timber
and private ownership of land also permitted.
iii) WWF 1. World Wild Fund for Nature (WWF). 2. It
is an international non-governmental charitable trust
founded in 1961, 3. Headquarters at Gland, Vaud,
Switzerland. 4. It aims at wildness preservation and
the reduction of human impact on the environment.
5. It was formerly named the World Wildlife Fund.
The vision of WWF: 6. To conserve nature and
reduce the threats to the diversity. 7. Conserving the
world’s most ecologically important regions.
8. Protect and restore species and their habitats. 9.
Strengthen local communities. 10. Ability to
conserve the natural resources.

E.VINOTH KUMAR., M.Sc., M.Sc., B.Ed.,

PGT IN ZOOLOGY,
ISLAMIAH MAT HR SEC SCHOOL,
KILAKARAI, RAMANATHAPURAM DT.,
7639082621

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ISLAMIAH MAT HR SEC SCHOOL E.VINOTH KUMAR., M.Sc., M.Sc, B.Ed., 7639802621
ISLAMIAH MAT HR SEC SCHOOL E.VINOTH KUMAR., M.Sc., M.Sc, B.Ed., 7639802621