Development of
Science in Asia
Presented by: Dela Torre, Tarah
Shane D.
Development of Science in Asia
Asia is the biggest
continent in the world
and the home of many
ancient civilizations. It
is a host to many
cultural, economic,
scientific, and political
activities of all ages.
Development of Science in Asia
In the field of science,
technology, and
mathematics, great
civilizations have stood out:
India, China, and the Middle
East civilizations. These
civilizations were
incomparable in terms of
their contributions to the
development of knowledge
during their time.
01 INDIA
INDIA
• India is a huge peninsula
surrounded by vast bodies of
water and fortified by huge
mountains in its northern
boarders. The Indians
creatively developed various
ideas and technologies useful
in their everyday lives.
• They are known for
manufacturing iron and in
metallurgical works. Their
iron steel is considered to be
the best and held with high
regard in the whole of Roman
Empire.
INDIA
• India is also famous in medicine.
For example, Ayurveda, a system
of traditional medicine that
originated in ancient India before
2500 BC. is still practiced as a
form of alternative medicine. They
discovered some medicinal
properties of plants that led them
to develop medicines to cure
various illnesses. Some ancient
texts, like the Susruta Samhita,
describes different surgical and
other medical procedures famous
in Ancient India.
INDIA
• Ancient India is also
notable in the field of
astronomy. They
developed theories on the
configuration of the
universe, the spherical
self-supporting Earth, and
the year of 360 days with
12 equal parts of 30 days
each.
INDIA
• Siddhanta Shiromani (12th Century)
- mean longitudes of the planets
- true longitudes of the planets
- syzygies
- lunar eclipses
- solar eclipses
- latitudes of the planets.
- rising and setting
- Moon's crescent
- conjunctions of the planets with each
other
conjunction of the planets with the fixed
stars
- parts of the sun and moon (Sama,
2008)
• Ancient India is also known
for their mathematics. Bisht
(1982) noted that the earliest
traces of mathematical
knowledge in the Indian
subcontinent appeared in the
Indus Valley Civilization.
• The people of this civilization,
according to Bisht (1982),
tried to standardize
measurement of length to a
high degree of accuracy and
designed a ruler, the Mohenjo-
daro ruler.
• Clifford (2008) and Bose
(1998) pointed out that Indian
astronomer and
mathematician Aryabhata
(476-550), in his Aryabhatiya,
introduced a number of
trigonometric functions,
tables, and techniques, as
well as algorithms of algebra.
• Brahmagupta (628 AD)
suggested that gravity was a
force of attraction, and lucidly
explained the use of zero as
both a placeholder and a
decimal digit, along with the
Hindu-Arabic numeral system
non used universally throughout
the world (Clifford, 2008 &
Bose, 1998)
• Madhava of Sangamagrama,
the founder of mathematical
analysis (Joseph, 1991)
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