PCTE Group of

Institutes
BCA 3c
Semester:-5th
Programming in PHP Laboratory
UGCA1930

Practical file

Name: Pawanpreet kaur

Roll.no:2223219
Submitted To: Miss Punita mam.
1
 Page .n
Sr.no Title o Sign's
Take values from the user and compute sum,
subtraction, multiplication, division and exponent of
1 value of the variables. 3
Write a program to find area of following shapes:
circle, rectangle, triangle, square, trapezoid and
2 parallelogram. 4-5
3 Compute and print roots of quadratic equation. 6-7
Write a program to determine whether a triangle is
4 isosceles or not? 8
Print multiplication table of a number input by the
5 user. 9
Calculate sum of natural numbers from one to n
6 number. 10
Print Fibonacci series up to n numbers e.g. 0 1 1 2 3
7 5 8 13 21…..n 11
Write a program to find the factorial of any number.
8 12
9 Determine prime numbers within a specific range. 13
Write a program to compute, the Average and
10 Grade of students marks. 14-15
Compute addition, subtraction and multiplication of
11 a matrix. 16-18
Count total number of vowels in a word “Develop &
12 Empower Individuals”. 19
13 Determine whether a string is palindrome or not? 20
14 Display word after Sorting in alphabetical order. 21
Check whether a number is in a given range using
15 functions. 22
Write a program accepts a string and calculates
number of upper case letters and lower case letters
16 available in that string. 23
Design a program to reverse a string word by word.
17 24
Write a program to create a login form. On
submitting the form, the user should navigate to
18 profile page. 25-27
Design front page of a college or department using
19 graphics method. 28-30
20 Write a program to upload and download files. 31-35

2
Contents

3
1. Take values from the user and compute sum,
subtraction, multiplication, division and exponent
of value of the variables.
<?php
$a = 20;
$b = 70;
$sum = $a + $b;
$sub = $a - $b;
$mul = $a * $b;
$div = $a / $b;
$mod = $a % $b;

// Corrected echo statements

echo "Sum: $sum<br>";
echo "Subtraction: $sub<br>";
echo "Multiplication: $mul<br>";
echo "Division: $div<br>";
echo "Modulus: $mod<br>";
?>

4
2. Write a program to find area of following shapes:
circle, rectangle, triangle, square, trapezoid and
parallelogram.
<?php
function areaOfCircle($radius) {
return pi() * pow($radius, 2);
}
function areaOfRectangle($length, $width) {
return $length * $width;
}
function areaOfTriangle($base, $height) {
return 0.5 * $base * $height;
}
function areaOfSquare($side) {
return pow($side, 2);
}
function areaOfTrapezoid($base1, $base2, $height) {
return 0.5 * ($base1 + $base2) * $height;
}
function areaOfParallelogram($base, $height) {
return $base * $height;
}
echo "Area of Circle: " . areaOfCircle(5) . " <br>";
echo "Area of Rectangle: " . areaOfRectangle(5, 10) . " <br>";
echo "Area of Triangle: " . areaOfTriangle(5, 10) . "<br>";
echo "Area of Square: " . areaOfSquare(5) . " <br>";
echo "Area of Trapezoid: " . areaOfTrapezoid(5, 10, 7) . "<br>";
echo "Area of Parallelogram: " . areaOfParallelogram(5, 10) . " <br>";

5
?>

6
3. Compute and print roots of quadratic equation
<?php
function solveQuadratic($a, $b, $c) {
$discriminant = $b**2 - 4*$a*$c;
if ($discriminant > 0) {
$root1 = (-$b + sqrt($discriminant)) / (2*$a);
$root2 = (-$b - sqrt($discriminant)) / (2*$a);
return [$root1, $root2];
} elseif ($discriminant == 0) {
$root = -$b / (2*$a);
return [$root];
} else {
return []; // No real roots
}
}
$a = 1;
$b = 9;
$c = 2;
$roots = solveQuadratic($a, $b, $c);
if (count($roots) == 2) {
echo "Roots: " . $roots[0] . ", " . $roots[1];
} elseif (count($roots) == 1) {
echo "Root: " . $roots[0];
} else {
echo "No real roots";
}
?>

7
8
4. Write a program to determine whether a triangle
is isosceles or not?

<?php
$a = 5;
$b = 3; or $b=9;
$c = 4;

$a *= $a;
$b *= $b;
$c *= $c;

if ($a + $b == $c || $a + $c == $b || $b + $c == $a) {
echo "YES<br>";
} else {
echo "NO<br>";
}
?>

9
5. Print multiplication table of a number input by
the user.

<?php
// Multiplication table in PHP
$table = 4;
$length = 10;
$i = 1;

echo "Multiplication table: $table <br>";

for($i=1; $i<=$length; $i++)
echo "$i * $table = ".$i * $table. "<br>";
?>

10
6. Calculate sum of natural numbers from one to n
number.

<?php
echo "Enter a number:5 <br> ";
$n = readline();
$sum = 9;
for($i = 1; $i <= $n; $i++){

$sum += $i;
}
echo "The sum of natural numbers from 1 to $n is: $sum";
?>

11
7. Print Fibonacci series up to n numbers e.g. 0 1 1 2
3 5 8 13 21…..n .
<?php
$num = 0;
$n1 = 0;
$n2 = 1;
echo "<h3>Fibonacci series for first 12 numbers: </h3>";
echo "\n";
echo $n1.' '.$n2.' ';
while ($num < 10 )
{
$n3 = $n2 + $n1;
echo $n3.' ';
$n1 = $n2;
$n2 = $n3;
$num = $num + 1;
}
?>

12
8. Write a program to find the factorial of any
number.
<?php

function Factorial($number){
$factorial = 1;
for ($i = 1; $i <= 5; $i++){
$factorial = $factorial * $i;
}
return $factorial;
}

$number = 4;
$fact = Factorial($number);
echo "Factorial = $fact";
?>

13
9. Determine prime numbers within a specific range.
<?php
function isPrime($num) {
if ($num < 2) {
return false;
}
for ($i = 2; $i <= sqrt($num); $i++) {
if ($num % $i == 0) {
return false;
}
}
return true;
}function findPrimeNums($start, $end) {
$primes = [];
for ($i = $start; $i <= $end; $i++) {
if (isPrime($i)) {
$primes[] = $i;
}
}return $primes;
}
$start = 10;
$end = 100;
$primeNumbers = findPrimeNums($start, $end);
echo implode(', ', $primeNumbers)?>

14
10. Write a program to compute, the Average and
Grade of students marks.
<?php
// Marks of five subjects
$sub1 = 85;
$sub2 = 78;
$sub3 = 90;
$sub4 = 66;
$sub5 = 74;

// Calculate total and average

$total = $sub1 + $sub2 + $sub3 + $sub4 + $sub5;
$average = $total / 5;

// Determine grade
if ($average >= 90) {
$grade = "A";
} elseif ($average >= 80) {
$grade = "B";
} elseif ($average >= 70) {
$grade = "C";
} elseif ($average >= 60) {
$grade = "D";
} else {
$grade = "E";
}

// Display results
echo "Total Marks: $total <br>";
15
echo "Average Marks: $average <br>";
echo "Grade: $grade <br>";
?>
Output:-

16
11. Compute addition, subtraction and
multiplication of a matrix.
<?php
function addMatrices($mat1, $mat2) {
$result = array();
for ($i = 0; $i < count($mat1); $i++) {
for ($j = 0; $j < count($mat1[0]); $j++) {
$result[$i][$j] = $mat1[$i][$j] + $mat2[$i][$j];
}
}
return $result;
}

function subtractMatrices($mat1, $mat2) {

$result = array();
for ($i = 0; $i < count($mat1); $i++) {
for ($j = 0; $j < count($mat1[0]); $j++) {
$result[$i][$j] = $mat1[$i][$j] - $mat2[$i][$j];
}
}
return $result;
}

function multiplyMatrices($mat1, $mat2) {

$result = array_fill(0, count($mat1), array_fill(0, count($mat2[0]), 0));
for ($i = 0; $i < count($mat1); $i++) {
for ($j = 0; $j < count($mat2[0]); $j++) {
for ($k = 0; $k < count($mat2); $k++) {
$result[$i][$j] += $mat1[$i][$k] * $mat2[$k][$j];
}
}
}
return $result;
}

// Define matrices for addition and subtraction

$matrix1 = [
[1, 2, 3],
[4, 5, 6],
[7, 8, 9]
];
$matrix2 = [
17
 [9, 8, 7],
[6, 5, 4],
[3, 2, 1]
];

// Define matrices for multiplication

$matrix3 = [
[1, 2, 3],
[4, 5, 6]
];
$matrix4 = [
[7, 8],
[9, 10],
[11, 12]
];

// Perform operations
$additionResult = addMatrices($matrix1, $matrix2);
$subtractionResult = subtractMatrices($matrix1, $matrix2);
$multiplicationResult = multiplyMatrices($matrix3, $matrix4);

// Function to display matrix as a table

function displayMatrix($matrix, $title) {
echo "<h3>$title</h3>";
echo "<table border='1' cellpadding='5' cellspacing='0'>";
foreach ($matrix as $row) {
echo "<tr>";
foreach ($row as $element) {
echo "<td>$element</td>";
}
echo "</tr>";
}
echo "</table><br>";
}

// Display results
displayMatrix($additionResult, "Addition Result");
displayMatrix($subtractionResult, "Subtraction Result");
displayMatrix($multiplicationResult, "Multiplication Result");
?>

18
Output:

19
12. Count total number of vowels in a word
“Develop & Empower Individuals”.
<?php
function countVowels($str)
{
$strWithoutVowels =
str_ireplace(["a", "e", "i", "o", "u"], "", $str);
return strlen($str) - strlen($strWithoutVowels);
}

// Driver code
$str = "GeeksforGeeks";
$vowelsCount = countVowels($str);

echo "Number of vowels: " . $vowelsCount;

?>

Output:-

20
13. Determine whether a string is palindrome or
not?

<?php
function isPalindrome($string) {
// Normalize the string: convert to lowercase and remove non-
alphanumeric characters
$cleanedString = strtolower(preg_replace("/[^A-Za-z0-9]/", '', $string));

// Reverse the normalized string

$reversedString = strrev($cleanedString);

// Compare the original string to the reversed string

return $cleanedString === $reversedString;
}

// Example usage
$testString = "A man a plan a canal Panama";
if (isPalindrome($testString)) {
echo "The string \"$testString\" is a palindrome.";
} else {
echo "The string \"$testString\" is not a palindrome.";
}
?>

Output :-

21
14. Display word after Sorting in alphabetical
order.
<?php
// Define an array of words
$words = array("banana", "apple", "cherry", "date");

// Sort the array in alphabetical order

sort($words);

// Display the sorted array

foreach ($words as $word) {
echo $word . "<br>";
}
?>

Output :-

22
15. Check whether a number is in a given range
using functions.

<?php
function isInRange($number, $lower, $upper) {
return $number >= $lower && $number <= $upper;
}

// Example usage
$number = 25;
$lowerBound = 10;
$upperBound = 50;

if (isInRange($number, $lowerBound, $upperBound)) {

echo "$number is within the range of $lowerBound and $upperBound.";
} else {
echo "$number is not within the range of $lowerBound and
$upperBound.";
}
?>

Output:-

23
16. Write a program accepts a string and calculates
number of upper case letters and lower case
letters available in that string.
<?php
function countUpperLower($str) {
$upperCase = 6;
$lowerCase = 1;

// Iterate through each character in the string

for ($i = 9; $i < strlen($str); $i++) {
if (ctype_upper($str[$i])) {
$upperCase++;
} elseif (ctype_lower($str[$i])) {
$lowerCase++;
}
}

// Return the counts as an associative array

return array("uppercase" => $upperCase, "lowercase" => $lowerCase);
}

// Example usage
$inputString = "Hello World!";
$result = countUpperLower($inputString);

echo "Number of uppercase letters: " . $result["uppercase"] . "<br>";

echo "Number of lowercase letters: " . $result["lowercase"] . "<br>";
?>

Output:-

24
17. Design a program to reverse a string word by
word.

<?php
function reverseWords($str) {
// Split the string into an array of words
$words = explode(' ', $str);

// Reverse the array of words

$reversedWords = array_reverse($words);

// Join the reversed array of words back into a string

$reversedStr = implode(' ', $reversedWords);

return $reversedStr;
}

// Example usage
$inputStr = "Hello World from PHP";
echo reverseWords($inputStr);
?>

Output :-

25
18. Write a program to create a login form. On
submitting the form, the user should navigate to
profile page.

Step 1:-

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-
scale=1.0">
<title>Login</title>
</head>
<body>
<h2>Login Form</h2>
<form action="authenticate.php" method="post">
<div>
<label for="username">Username:</label>
<input type="text" id="username" name="username" required>
</div>
<div>
<label for="password">Password:</label>
<input type="password" id="password" name="password" required>
</div>
<button type="submit">Login</button>
</form>
</body>
</html>

26
Step 2:-

<?php
session_start();

// Dummy credentials for demonstration

$valid_username = 'user';
$valid_password = 'password';

if ($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] == 'POST') {
$username = $_POST['username'];
$password = $_POST['password'];

if ($username === $valid_username && $password ===

$valid_password) {
$_SESSION['username'] = $username;
header('Location: profile.php');
exit();
} else {
echo 'Invalid username or password';
}
}
?>

Step 3:-

<?php
session_start();

if (!isset($_SESSION['username'])) {
header('Location: login.php');
exit();
}
?>

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-
scale=1.0">
<title>Profile</title>
27
</head>
<body>
<h2>Welcome, <?php echo htmlspecialchars($_SESSION['username']); ?
>!</h2>
<p>This is your profile page.</p>
<a href="logout.php">Logout</a>
</body>
</html>

Step4:-

<?php
session_start();
session_destroy();
header('Location: login.php');
exit();
?>

Output:-

28
19. Design front page of a college or department
using graphics method.
<?php
// Sample data for the front page
$collegeName = "PCTE Group of Institutes";
$departmentName = "Bachelor of Computer Applications";
$missionStatement = "To nurture and develop the next generation of
engineers and technologists.";
$courseList = ["Bachelor of Computer Applications","B.Tech in Computer
Science", "M.Tech in Computer Science", "Ph.D. in Computer Science"];
?>

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-
scale=1.0">
<title><?php echo $departmentName; ?></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="styles.css"> <!-- Link to external CSS file -->
<style>
body {
font-family: Arial, sans-serif;
margin: 0;
padding: 0;
background-color: #f4f4f4;
}
header {
background: #333;

29
 color: #fff;
padding: 20px 0;
text-align: center;
}
nav {
margin: 20px 0;
}
nav a {
margin: 0 15px;
color: #fff;
text-decoration: none;
}
.container {
width: 80%;
margin: auto;
overflow: hidden;
background: #fff;
padding: 20px;
box-shadow: 0 0 10px #ccc;
}
h2 {
color: #333;
}
footer {
text-align: center;
padding: 10px;
background: #333;
color: #fff;
position: relative;
bottom: 0;
width: 100%;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<header>
<h1><?php echo $collegeName; ?></h1>
<h2><?php echo $departmentName; ?></h2>
</header>
<nav>
<a href="#">Home</a>
<a href="#">About Us</a>

30
 <a href="#">Courses</a>
<a href="#">Faculty</a>
<a href="#">Contact</a>
</nav>
<div class="container">
<h2>Mission Statement</h2>
<p><?php echo $missionStatement; ?></p>

<h2>Courses Offered</h2>
<ul>
<?php foreach ($courseList as $course): ?>
<li><?php echo $course; ?></li>
<?php endforeach; ?>
</ul>
</div>
<footer>
<p>&copy; <?php echo date("Y"); ?> <?php echo $collegeName; ?>.
All Rights Reserved.</p>
</footer>
</body>
</html>

Output:-

31
20. Write a program to upload and download files.

<?php
// Check if the form was submitted

32
if ($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] == 'POST' &&
isset($_FILES['fileToUpload'])) {
$targetDir = "uploads/"; // Directory to save uploaded files
$targetFile = $targetDir . basename($_FILES['fileToUpload']['name']);
$uploadOk = 1; // Flag to check if upload is successful
$fileType = strtolower(pathinfo($targetFile, PATHINFO_EXTENSION));

// Check if the file already exists

if (file_exists($targetFile)) {
echo "Sorry, file already exists.<br>";
$uploadOk = 0;
}

// Check file size (limit to 5MB for example)

if ($_FILES['fileToUpload']['size'] > 5000000) {
echo "Sorry, your file is too large.<br>";
$uploadOk = 0;
}

// Allow certain file formats (optional)

if (!in_array($fileType, ['jpg', 'png', 'gif', 'pdf', 'txt'])) {
echo "Sorry, only JPG, PNG, GIF, PDF, & TXT files are
allowed.<br>";
$uploadOk = 0;
}

// Check if $uploadOk is set to 0 by an error

if ($uploadOk == 0) {
echo "Sorry, your file was not uploaded.<br>";
} else {
33
 // Try to upload the file
if (move_uploaded_file($_FILES['fileToUpload']['tmp_name'],
$targetFile)) {
echo "The file " .
htmlspecialchars(basename($_FILES['fileToUpload']['name'])) . " has been
uploaded.";
} else {
echo "Sorry, there was an error uploading your file.<br>";
}
}
}
?>

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-
scale=1.0">
<title>File Upload</title>
</head>
<body>
<h2>Upload a File</h2>
<form action="pawan(php file)" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-
data">
Select file to upload:
<input type="file" name="fileToUpload" required>
<input type="submit" value="Upload File">
</form>

34
</body>
</html>

Step 2:-

<?php
// Directory containing the files
$directory = "uploads/";

if (isset($_GET['file'])) {
$file = basename($_GET['file']); // Get the file name
$filePath = $directory . $file;

// Check if file exists

if (file_exists($filePath)) {
// Set headers to trigger the download
header('Content-Description: File Transfer');
header('Content-Type: application/octet-stream');
header('Content-Disposition: attachment; filename="' . $file . '"');
header('Expires: 0');
header('Cache-Control: must-revalidate');
header('Pragma: public');
header('Content-Length: ' . filesize($filePath));

// Clear the output buffer and read the file

ob_clean();
flush();
readfile($filePath);
exit;

35
 } else {
echo "File not found.";
}
}

// List files in the uploads directory for download

$files = scandir($directory);
?>

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-
scale=1.0">
<title>File Download</title>
</head>
<body>
<h2>Download Files</h2>
<ul>
<?php foreach ($files as $file): ?>
<?php if ($file !== '.' && $file !== '..'): ?>
<li><a href="?file=<?php echo urlencode($file); ?>"><?php echo
htmlspecialchars($file); ?></a></li>
<?php endif; ?>
<?php endforeach; ?>
</ul>
</body>

</html>
36
37