History 2059/01 Page1 Section 1 Notes
LANGUAGES
WHY URDU CHOSEN AS THE NATIONAL LANGUAGE?
One of the reasons why Urdu became the national language in Pakistan
as its long history it was widely used in Mughal period and date back as far
as the courts of Delhi in its early stages it was used by the Muslim army and
became widely spoken and in many parts of the subcontinent so it was
natural that such a well-known and establish language would be chosen.
Another reason for Urdu to be chosen was its high status some of the finest
early poets such as Amir Khusro wrote in Urdu and Sir Syed Ahmed Khan’s
school at Aligarh became a Centre for the study of Urdu, many religious
books including Quran were translated into Urdu so it was an important
language with a rich literary tradition.
Perhaps the major reason for Urdu been chosen was the fact that it was
closely associated with Pakistan movement Sir Syed Ahmed Khan
supported it and the Muslim League formed not only formed to protect
Muslim interest but also to protect Urdu. Quaid e Azam was particularly
keen to promote Urdu as he saw it as a unifying force as Pakistan was a
new country it was very important to pick a language which played an
important role in unifying Muslims of the subcontinent.
WHY REGIONAL LANGUAGES HAVE BEEN PROMOTED?
Regional languages were promoted because they were spoken by a large
number of people. Government also believed that the promotion will be
helpful in national unity and integrity because promotion of language and
culture gives a sense of pride among people. Urdu was declared as the
national language. Promotion of regional language was necessary so that
people of different provinces may not feel that Urdu was being imposed on
them and their own language was being ignored.
Punjabi, Sindhi and Pashto have a vast literature and had an important role
in independence movement and creation of Pakistan. So it was necessary
to promote these languages.
Balochi language had little development before 1947 and its literature was
in decline. Therefore Balochi was promoted to bring it in line with other
regional languages.
History 2059/01 Page2 Section 1 Notes
URDU
National language of Pakistan.
It is about 300 years old.
Infusion of the local languages Arabic, Persian and Turkish gave birth to a
new language which was called Hindi, Hindustani, Shahjahani and finally
as Urdu.
It was mostly used in Mughal period.
Muslims who travelled to other areas made it more famous language.
Emperor Mohd Shah and Bahadur Shah Zafar also promoted this
language.
Many poets, writers and intellectuals like Maulana Zakaullah, Maulana
Hali, Ghalib and many others used urdu in their poetry and writings.
Moulvi Abdul Haq “Bab-e-Urdu” dedicated his entire life for the
development of urdu.
Sir Syed made it popular by writing various articles and essays in urdu.
The religious leaders, mystics and sufi poets spread the light of Islam in the
sub-continent with the help of Urdu.
Played an important role during Independence Movement.
Symbol of unity because in many parts of Pakistan it is spoken and
understood easily.
DEVELOPMENTS
Urdu is a medium of National Media since media is well known for
exposure and people watch television and listen to radio with interest for
information and entertainment so the language gets promoted as it is
exposed to more people.
Urdu has been made the medium of communication in many schools this
develops the interest of students towards their national language as all the
subjects are taught in Urdu and is used frequently in their reading and
communication.
Urdu is being taught up to M.A, M.Phil and PhD level in different institutions
e.g. Urdu University Islamabad. Therefore, the scholars research in the
language and different aspects of its poetry and prose which helps to
modernize the language.
Also, Urdu language is compulsory subject to pass 10th & 12th grade in
educational institutions. Therefore, the language is promoted as they get
familiar with its grammar and literature.
History 2059/01 Page3 Section 1 Notes
Urdu is the official language of the courts (alongside English) this helps in
promotions as it is then frequently used in Judicial proceeding e.g. Judges
use it in their judgement and lawyers use it in their arguments.
Urdu Mushairas (Poetry recitation session) are frequently held in Pakistan
where poets recite their poetry in front of Public who appreciate their
poetry which encourage them to write more in Urdu but sometimes they
are even given awards for their work by the government. Hence, they are
motivated even further.
Urdu is the national language of Pakistan and is frequently used in all four
provinces. This not only a unifying force but also being promoted due to
frequent use by the people.
History 2059/01 Page4 Section 1 Notes
SINDHI
Language of Sindh.
Ancient language.
Chacha Nama being an authentic document proves that it was the same
in 12th century as it is today.
In beginning it was written in “Marwari” and “ArzNagari” way of writing.
The Soomro Period (1050-1300) promoted this language.
The Kalhoro Period (1685-1783) also promoted this language.
Shah Abdul Latif Bhitai was a great Sufi Poet.
It was developed after Journals such as TALIM ALKASHAF-O-TAUHEED.
DEVELOPMENTS AFTER 1947
Setting up of Sindhi literary board was a step towards Sindh‘s
development as it published different books and magazines in Sindhi and
many pronounced literary figures like Faqir Nabi Baksh became known of
their services to Sindhi literature.
The Sarmast academy which has established as a tribute to the great
Sindhi poet Sachal Sarmast also promoted the language by printing his
works and making them available to common Sindhis.
The Sindhiolgy department at University OF Sindh, Jamshoro in Sindhi up to
M.A level this promoted as scholars research in the language and explore
different aspects of its poetry and prose which helps to modernize Sindhi.
Sindhi is used as an alternate to Urdu in many schools this promotes its
importance among the students and fosters their interest in Sindhi
language as they are taught Sindhi literature and grammar as a
compulsory language subject.
History 2059/01 Page5 Section 1 Notes
PUNJABI
Language of Punjab.
It has influence of many other languages such as Persian, Arabic, Hindi,
Turkish and English.
The folk poetic tales of Punjab like HeerRanjha, Mirza Sahiban,
SohniMahiwal and SasiPannu were written in Punjabi.
The great sufi poets like Waris Shah, Baba Bhul-e-Shah and Hazrat Ghulam
Farid promoted and used Punjabi.
Famous historian Masoodi called it “Multani”
While Al-Beruni called it “Al-Hindi”.
Baba Guru Nanak called it “Zaban-e-Jattan”.
In NWFP it was known as “Hindko”.
DEVELOPMENTS AFTER 1947
After the creation of Pakistan Punjabi has been developed much as a
regional language, books of on academic subjects like law, philosophy,
Science and History have been published in Punjabi language using it as a
mean of imparting education and so contributed to its development.
Punjab University also teaches Punjabi up to M.A, M.Phil and PhD level.
Therefore, the language gets promoted as Scholars do research in
different aspects of its literature which help to modernize the language.
Radio and Television also promoted Punjabi through Dramas and News
etc.
Similarly, Punjabi theatre also widely appreciated by the people comedy
and actions. Hence, by using Punjabi as a source of entertainment and
information its understanding has been improved among masses.
Quran’s versified translation by Muhammad Ali Faiq promoted the
language on religious lines as Muslims of Punjab read this unique
translation with more interest.
Punjabi Mushairas (Poetry recitation sessions) are frequently held in where
poets recite their poetry in front of Public who appreciate their poetry
which encourage them to write more in Punjabi. They are motivated even
further as sometimes they are even given awards for their work.
History 2059/01 Page6 Section 1 Notes
PASHTO
Language of NWFP and Northern Areas of Balochistan.
Influenced by other languages like Pali, Prakorat, Pehlvi, Persian, Arabic,
Greek, German, and French.
Its history is divided into three periods.
First period falls between 2nd and 13th century. Bayazad Ansari was the
most important sufi poet who wrote “Khair-ul-Bian” (the first Pashto book
on Sufism). The first poet of this period was Amir Khan Pehlvan.
The second period begins with the year 1200 when Mughals came to India
and lasted for about hundred years.It was the golden period of pushto
literature. Hazrat Mian Umer, Sadaat Ali Khan, and Amir Mohammad
Ansari were the famous poets.
The third period extends to the establishment of british rule. It was the
golden period of pushto literature. Akhund Dardeeza and Khushal Khan
Khattak rendered great services for it.
DEVELOPMENTS AFTER 1947
Pashto, language spoken in K.P.K, has also been given due important in
promotion and development. Peshawar University was established after 3
year of independence where Pashto is taught up to MA level.
Pashto Academy was set up in 1954 which has prepared a well-renowned
dictionary under Maulana A.Qadir, his academy prepared Pushto
dictionary.
Pashto dramas and films have also gained importance.
Pashto papers, journals and books have also helped Pashto language to
promote. New writers & poets have also added to this contribution by
producing classic poetry and stories. Hence Pashto has greatly been
promoted over the year.
However, it is not much popular as it is difficult to understand by non
pakhtoons and more progress is needed for the language.
History 2059/01 Page7 Section 1 Notes
BALOCHI
Language of Balochistan.
Two kinds, “Sulaimanki” and “Makrani”.
The first time balochi literature came to light was in 1830 when a british
traveler W.Leech wrote his report in the “Journal of Asiatic Society” and
revealed the presence of Balochi Literature.
The balochi prose mostly contains tales of bravery and romantic stories of
the tribal chiefs.
The literary work in balochi is very rare.
Jam-e-Darrang is known to be the only famous poet.
DEVELOPMENTS AFTER 1947
Balochi language which was at its decline before partition was given
special attention for its promotion.
Radio Pak Karachi now also broadcast in Balochi.
Quetta TV Centre has been producing marvelous dramas to help,
develop and translate many books to Balochi and new poets like Atta
Shah and writers have greatly contributed towards its promotion.
The Balochi Literary Association was set up and there are now weekly and
monthly magazines published in the language. A weekly magazine known
as ‘Nan Kessan” was published.
Modern Balochi literature has shown rapid progress. Prominent modern
Balochi poets and writers are Ishaq Shamim, Gul Khan Nazir and Azad
Jamal Din.
This language is a difficult one therefore it has very limited audience. This
could be a reason majority of Pakistanis don’t know much about the effort
made for the language.
History 2059/01 Page8 Section 1 Notes
PAST PAPER QUESTIONS SOLVED
BY MUHAMMAD YOUSUF MEMON
Question 1 J2021/P1/Q2/B
Explain why Muhammad Ali Jinnah chose Urdu as the national language
of Pakistan. [7]
After Writing Any 1 Paragraph from Paragraphs Mentioned Below You Will Score L3 5 Marks
After Writing Any 2 Paragraphs from Paragraphs Mentioned Below You Will Score L3 6 Marks
After Writing Any 3 Paragraphs from Paragraphs Mentioned Below You Will Score L3 7 Marks
One of the reasons why Urdu became the national language in Pakistan as its
long history it was widely used in Mughal period and date back as far as the
courts of Delhi in its early stages it was used by the Muslim army and became
widely spoken and in many parts of the subcontinent so it was natural that such
a well-known and establish language would be chosen.
Another reason for Urdu to be chosen was its high status some of the finest early
poets such as Amir Khusro wrote in Urdu and Sir Syed Ahmed Khan’s school at
Aligarh became a Centre for the study of Urdu, many religious books including
Quran were translated into Urdu so it was an important language with a rich
literary tradition.
Perhaps the major reason for Urdu been chosen was the fact that it was closely
associated with Pakistan movement Sir Syed Ahmed Khan supported it and the
Muslim League formed not only formed to protect Muslim interest but also to
protect Urdu. Quaid e Azam was particularly keen to promote Urdu as he saw
it as a unifying force as Pakistan was a new country it was very important to
pick a language which played an important role in unifying Muslims of the
subcontinent.
Question 2 N2018/P1/Q5/B
Explain why Urdu was chosen as the national language of Pakistan in
1947. [7]
Same as Question 1
Question 3 J2015/P1/Q2/B
Why was Urdu chosen as the national language of Pakistan in 1947? [7]
Same as Question 1
History 2059/01 Page9 Section 1 Notes
Question 4 N2011/P1/Q1/B
Explain the choice of Urdu in 1947 as the national language of Pakistan?
[7]
Same as Question 1
Question 5 J2011/P1/Q2/C
‘Punjabi has been promoted more than any other Pakistani regional
language between 1947 and 1999.’ Give reasons why you might agree
and disagree with this statement. [14]
After Writing Paragraph Mentioned Below You Will Score L3 7 Marks
After the creation of Pakistan Punjabi has been developed much as a regional
language, books of on academic subjects like law, philosophy, Science and
History have been published in Punjabi language using it as a mean of
imparting education and so contributed to its development. Punjab University
also teaches Punjabi up to M.A, M.Phil and PhD level. Therefore, the language
gets promoted as Scholars do research in different aspects of its literature
which help to modernize the language. Radio and Television also promoted
Punjabi through Dramas and News etc. Similarly, Punjabi theatre also widely
appreciated by the people comedy and actions. Hence, by using Punjabi as
a source of entertainment and information its understanding has been
improved among masses. Quran’s versified translation by Muhammad Ali Faiq
promoted the language on religious lines as Muslims of Punjab read this unique
translation with more interest. Punjabi Mushairas (Poetry recitation sessions) are
frequently held in where poets recite their poetry in front of Public who
appreciate their poetry which encourage them to write more in Urdu. They are
motivated even further as sometimes they are even given awards for their
work.
After Writing Paragraph Mentioned Above and 1 Paragraph from Paragraphs Mentioned Below You
Will Score L4 10 Marks
After Writing Paragraph Mentioned Above and 2 Paragraphs from Paragraphs Mentioned Below
You Will Score L4 11 Marks
After Writing Paragraph Mentioned Above and 3 Paragraphs from Paragraphs Mentioned Below
You Will Score L4 12 Marks
Setting up of Sindhi literary board was a step towards Sindh‘s development as
it published different books and magazines in Sindhi and many pronounced
literary figures like Faqir Nabi Baksh and G Allana became known of their
services to Sindhi literature. The Sarmast academy which has established as a
History 2059/01 Page10 Section 1 Notes
tribute to the great Sindhi poet Sachal Sarmast also promoted the language
by printing his works and making them available to common Sindhis. The
Sindhiolgy department at University OF Sidh, Jamshoro in Sindhi up to M.A level
this promoted as scholars research in the language and explore different
aspects of its poetry and prose which helps to modernize Sindhi. Sindhi is used
as an alternate to Urdu in many schools this promotes its importance among
the students and fosters their interest in Sindhi language as they are taught
Sindhi literature and grammar as a compulsory language subject.
Pashto, language spoken in K.P.K, has also been given due important in
promotion and development. Peshawar University was established after 3 year
of independence where Pashto is taught up to MA level. Pashto Academy was
set up in 1954 which has prepared a well-renowned dictionary under Maulana
A.Qadir, his academy was prepared Pushto dictionary. Pashto dramas and
films have also gained importance. Pashto papers, journals and books have
also helped Pashto language to promote. New writers & poets have also
added to this contribution by producing classic poetry and stories. Hence
Pashto has greatly been promoted over the year. However, it is not much
popular as it is difficult to understand by non pakhtoons and more progress is
needed for the language.
Balochi language which was at its decline before partition was given special
attention for its promotion. Radio Pak Karachi now also broadcast in Balochi.
Quetta TV Centre has been producing marvelous dramas to help, develop
and translate many books to Balochi and new poets like Atta Shad and writers
have greatly contributed towards its promotion. The Balochi Literary
Association was set up and there are now weekly and monthly magazines
published in the language. A weekly magazine known as ‘Nan Kessan” was
published. Modern Balochi literature has shown rapid progress. Prominent
modern Balochi poets and writers are Atta Shad, Ishaq Shamim, Gul Khan Nazir
and Azad Jamal Din. This language is a difficult one therefore it has very limited
audience. This could be a reason majority of Pakistanies don’t know much
about the effort made for the language.
Conclusion (2 Marks)
History 2059/01 Page11 Section 1 Notes
Question 6 N2009/P1/Q2/B
Why have regional languages been promoted by the Pakistani
government since 1947? [7]
After Writing Any 1 Paragraph from Paragraphs Mentioned Below You Will Score L3 5 Marks
After Writing Any 2 Paragraphs from Paragraphs Mentioned Below You Will Score L3 6 Marks
After Writing Any 3 Paragraphs from Paragraphs Mentioned Below You Will Score L3 7 Marks
Regional languages were promoted because they were spoken by a large
number of people. Government also believed that the promotion will be
helpful in national unity and integrity because promotion of language and
culture gives a sense of pride among people. Urdu was declared as the
national language. Promotion of regional language was necessary so that
people of different provinces may not feel that Urdu was being imposed on
them and their own language was being ignored.
Punjabi, Sindhi and Pashto have a vast literature and had an important role in
independence movement and creation of Pakistan. So it was necessary to
promote these languages.
Balochi language had little development before 1947 and its literature was in
decline. Therefore Balochi was promoted to bring it in line with other regional
languages.
Question 7 J2009/P1/Q1/C
Has the promotion of Urdu been more successful than that of any
regional language in Pakistan between 1947 and 1988? Explain your
answer. [14]
After Writing Paragraph Mentioned Below You Will Score L3 7 Marks
Urdu is a medium of National Media since media is well known for exposure
and people watch television and listen to radio with interest for information
and entertainment so the language gets promoted as it is exposed to more
people. Urdu has been made the medium of communication in many schools
this develops the interest of students towards their national language as all the
subjects are taught in Urdu and is used frequently in their reading and
communication. Urdu is being taught up to M.A, M.Phil and PhD level in
different institutions e.g. Urdu University Islamabad. Therefore, the scholars
research in the language and different aspects of its poetry and prose which
helps to modernize the language. Also, Urdu language is compulsory subject
to pass 10th & 12th grade in educational institutions. Therefore, the language
History 2059/01 Page12 Section 1 Notes
is promoted as they get familiar with its grammar and literature. Urdu is the
official language of the courts (alongside English) this helps in promotions as it
is then frequently used in Judicial proceeding e.g. Judges use it in their
judgement and lawyers use it in their arguments. Urdu Mushairas (Poetry
recitation session) are frequently held in Pakistan where poets recite their
poetry in front of Public who appreciate their poetry which encourage them
to write more in Urdu but sometimes they are even given awards for their work
by the government. Hence, they are motivated even further. Urdu is the
national language of Pakistan and is frequently used in all four provinces. This
not only a unifying force but also being promoted due to frequent use by the
people.
After Writing Paragraph Mentioned Above and 1 Paragraph from Paragraphs Mentioned Below You
Will Score L4 10 Marks
After Writing Paragraph Mentioned Above and 2 Paragraphs from Paragraphs Mentioned Below
You Will Score L4 11 Marks
After Writing Paragraph Mentioned Above and 3 Paragraphs from Paragraphs Mentioned Below
You Will Score L4 12 Marks
After Writing Paragraph Mentioned Above and 4 Paragraphs from Paragraphs Mentioned Below
You Will Score L4 12 Marks (Suggested By MYM)
After the creation of Pakistan Punjabi has been developed much as a regional
language, books of on academic subjects like law, philosophy, Science and
History have been published in Punjabi language using it as a mean of
imparting education and so contributed to its development. Punjab University
also teaches Punjabi up to M.A, M.Phil and PhD level. Therefore, the language
gets promoted as Scholars do research in different aspects of its literature
which help to modernize the language. Radio and Television also promoted
Punjabi through Dramas and News etc. Similarly, Punjabi theatre also widely
appreciated by the people comedy and actions. Hence, by using Punjabi as
a source of entertainment and information its understanding has been
improved among masses. Quran’s versified translation by Muhammad Ali Faiq
promoted the language on religious lines as Muslims of Punjab read this unique
translation with more interest. Punjabi Mushairas (Poetry recitation sessions) are
frequently held in where poets recite their poetry in front of Public who
appreciate their poetry which encourage them to write more in Urdu. They are
motivated even further as sometimes they are even given awards for their
work.
Setting up of Sindhi literary board was a step towards Sindh‘s development as
it published different books and magazines in Sindhi and many pronounced
History 2059/01 Page13 Section 1 Notes
literary figures like Faqir Nabi Baksh and G Allana became known of their
services to Sindhi literature. The Sarmast academy which has established as a
tribute to the great Sindhi poet Sachal Sarmast also promoted the language
by printing his works and making them available to common Sindhis. The
Sindhiolgy department at University OF Sidh, Jamshoro in Sindhi up to M.A level
this promoted as scholars research in the language and explore different
aspects of its poetry and prose which helps to modernize Sindhi. Sindhi is used
as an alternate to Urdu in many schools this promotes its importance among
the students and fosters their interest in Sindhi language as they are taught
Sindhi literature and grammar as a compulsory language subject.
Pashto, language spoken in K.P.K, has also been given due important in
promotion and development. Peshawar University was established after 3 year
of independence where Pashto is taught up to MA level. Pashto Academy was
set up in 1954 which has prepared a well-renowned dictionary under Maulana
A.Qadir, his academy was prepared Pushto dictionary. Pashto dramas and
films have also gained importance. Pashto papers, journals and books have
also helped Pashto language to promote. New writers & poets have also
added to this contribution by producing classic poetry and stories. Hence
Pashto has greatly been promoted over the year. However, it is not much
popular as it is difficult to understand by non pakhtoons and more progress is
needed for the language.
Balochi language which was at its decline before partition was given special
attention for its promotion. Radio Pak Karachi now also broadcast in Balochi.
Quetta TV Centre has been producing marvelous dramas to help, develop
and translate many books to Balochi and new poets like Atta Shad and writers
have greatly contributed towards its promotion. The Balochi Literary
Association was set up and there are now weekly and monthly magazines
published in the language. A weekly magazine known as ‘Nan Kessan” was
published. Modern Balochi literature has shown rapid progress. Prominent
modern Balochi poets and writers are Atta Shad, Ishaq Shamim, Gul Khan Nazir
and Azad Jamal Din. This language is a difficult one therefore it has very limited
audience. This could be a reason majority of Pakistanies don’t know much
about the effort made for the language.
Conclusion (2 Marks)
History 2059/01 Page14 Section 1 Notes
Question 8 J2008/P1/Q1/B
Explain why Urdu was chosen as the national language of Pakistan in
1947? [7]
Same as Question 1
Question 9 N2007/P1/Q1/C
Sindhi was promoted more than any other regional language between
1947 and 1988. Do you agree or disagree? Give reasons for your answer.
[14]
After Writing Paragraph Mentioned Below You Will Score L3 7 Marks
Setting up of Sindhi literary board was a step towards Sindh‘s development as
it published different books and magazines in Sindhi and many pronounced
literary figures like Faqir Nabi Baksh and G Allana became known of their
services to Sindhi literature. The Sarmast academy which has established as a
tribute to the great Sindhi poet Sachal Sarmast also promoted the language
by printing his works and making them available to common Sindhis. The
Sindhiolgy department at University OF Sidh, Jamshoro in Sindhi up to M.A level
this promoted as scholars research in the language and explore different
aspects of its poetry and prose which helps to modernize Sindhi. Sindhi is used
as an alternate to Urdu in many schools this promotes its importance among
the students and fosters their interest in Sindhi language as they are taught
Sindhi literature and grammar as a compulsory language subject.
After Writing Paragraph Mentioned Above and 1 Paragraph from Paragraphs Mentioned Below You
Will Score L4 10 Marks
After Writing Paragraph Mentioned Above and 2 Paragraphs from Paragraphs Mentioned Below
You Will Score L4 11 Marks
After Writing Paragraph Mentioned Above and 3 Paragraphs from Paragraphs Mentioned Below
You Will Score L4 12 Marks
After the creation of Pakistan Punjabi has been developed much as a regional
language, books of on academic subjects like law, philosophy, Science and
History have been published in Punjabi language using it as a mean of
imparting education and so contributed to its development. Punjab University
also teaches Punjabi up to M.A, M.Phil and PhD level. Therefore, the language
gets promoted as Scholars do research in different aspects of its literature
which help to modernize the language. Radio and Television also promoted
Punjabi through Dramas and News etc. Similarly, Punjabi theatre also widely
appreciated by the people comedy and actions. Hence, by using Punjabi as
History 2059/01 Page15 Section 1 Notes
a source of entertainment and information its understanding has been
improved among masses. Quran’s versified translation by Muhammad Ali Faiq
promoted the language on religious lines as Muslims of Punjab read this unique
translation with more interest. Punjabi Mushairas (Poetry recitation sessions) are
frequently held in where poets recite their poetry in front of Public who
appreciate their poetry which encourage them to write more in Urdu. They are
motivated even further as sometimes they are even given awards for their
work.
Pashto, language spoken in K.P.K, has also been given due important in
promotion and development. Peshawar University was established after 3 year
of independence where Pashto is taught up to MA level. Pashto Academy was
set up in 1954 which has prepared a well-renowned dictionary under Maulana
A.Qadir, his academy was prepared Pushto dictionary. Pashto dramas and
films have also gained importance. Pashto papers, journals and books have
also helped Pashto language to promote. New writers & poets have also
added to this contribution by producing classic poetry and stories. Hence
Pashto has greatly been promoted over the year. However, it is not much
popular as it is difficult to understand by non pakhtoons and more progress is
needed for the language.
Balochi language which was at its decline before partition was given special
attention for its promotion. Radio Pak Karachi now also broadcast in Balochi.
Quetta TV Centre has been producing marvelous dramas to help, develop
and translate many books to Balochi and new poets like Atta Shad and writers
have greatly contributed towards its promotion. The Balochi Literary
Association was set up and there are now weekly and monthly magazines
published in the language. A weekly magazine known as ‘Nan Kessan” was
published. Modern Balochi literature has shown rapid progress. Prominent
modern Balochi poets and writers are Atta Shad, Ishaq Shamim, Gul Khan Nazir
and Azad Jamal Din. This language is a difficult one therefore it has very limited
audience. This could be a reason majority of Pakistanies don’t know much
about the effort made for the language.
Conclusion (2 Marks)
History 2059/01 Page16 Section 1 Notes
Question 10 J2006/P1/Q1/C
The promotion of regional languages in Pakistan between 1947 and 1988
has been more successful than the promotion of Urdu. Do you agree?
Explain your answer. [14]
Same as Question 7
Question 11 N2005/P1/Q2/B
Why did Pakistan choose Urdu as its national language? [7]
Same as Question 1
Question 12 N2004/P1/Q3/C
How important was the development of regional languages to Pakistan
between 1947 and 1988? Explain your answer. [14]
Same as Question 9
Question 13 J2004/P1/Q4/B
Why was Urdu chosen as the national language of Pakistan? [7]
Same as Question 1
History 2059/01 Page17 Section 1 Notes
4 MARKS
What was Pashto academy?
Pashto academy was setup in 1954 in Peshawar University for promotion of
Pashto literature. Academy was initiated by Maulana Abdul Qadir and
prepared widely accepted Pashto dictionary.
What was Baloch academy?
Baloch academy promote Balochi language. It publishes collection of poetry
of Baloch poets and conduct educational activities. 150 books are published
in Balochi. Books of other language are translated in Balochi. Academy publish
a popular series of pamphlets to promote Balochi. A weekly magazine known
as "Nan Kessan" was published. A monthly known as "Olassis" was also
published.
