CFC-12(R12) 313

2.34 CFC-12(R12)

All equations for CFC-12(R12) are based on the Table from Japanese Association of Refrigeration [1].

2.34.1 Temperature Scale

International practical temperature scale 1968 (IPTS-1968)

2.34.2 The Names of Substance, Library File and Single Shot Program
Name of Substance: CFC-12, R12, Refrigerant 12, Freon 12,
Dichlorodifluoromethane
Library File for UNIX: libjr12.a
Library File for DOS,Windows95/NT: JR12.LIB
Single Shot Program for UNIX: r12-ss
Single Shot Program for DOS,Windows95/NT: R12–SS.EXE

2.34.3 Important Constants and Others

Molecular Formula: CC2 F2
Relative Molecular Mass: 120.9138
Gas Constant: 68.7625 J/(kg·K)

Critical Constants:
Critical Pressure: 4.125×10 6Pa (41.25 bar)
Critical Temperature: 384.95 K (111.80 ◦C)
Critical Specific Volume: 1.7921×10 −3m3 /kg

Reference State:
At 0◦ C, 1.0000 kcal(thermochemical)/(kg·K), i.e. 4184.0 J/(kg·K) and 100.00 kcal(thermochemical)/kg, i.e. 0.4184
×106 J/kg are assigned to the specific entropy and the specific enthalpy, respectively.

2.34.4 Formula
Equation of State:
Equation (II·2·1) in a function form of Z = Z(ρ, T ) in reference [1]. Here Z=compressibility, ρ=density and
T = temperature. However the temperature scale IPTS-1948 used in the reference has been replaced with terms
of IPTS-1968.

Vapor Pressure:
Equation (II·2·3) in reference [1].

Properties at Vapor-Liquid Equilibrium:

saturated liquid: Equations (II·2·3), (II·2·9), (II·2·15) and (II·2·17) for specific volume, specific enthalpy, specific
entropy and isobaric specific heat, respectively. However the factor −2.1953 ×10−6 in the 3rd term in right hand
side of (II·2·17) has been corrected as −2.1593×10 −6.
saturated vapor: Equations (II·2·16) and (II·2·1) for specific volume, (II·2·16) and (II·2·6) for specific enthalpy,
and (II·2·16) and (II·2·12) for specific volume. Equations (II·2·16) and (II·2·21) for isobaric specific heat. Equa-
tions (II·2·16) and (II·2·26) for isochoric specific heat.
All of these equations have been cited from reference [1].

Transport Properties:
Equations (II·3·8) and (II·3·1) in reference [1] for thermal conductivity and dynamic viscosity of saturated
liquid, respectively. However the right hand side of (II·3·1) has been corrected as
314 P-PROPATH: Pure Substances and Mixtures with Fixed Composition

21.08203 − 2.450974 × 104 /T + 9.430266 × 106 /T 2 − 1.549714 × 109 /T 3 + 9.433612 × 1010 /T 4

Equations (II.3.10) and (II.3.3) in reference [1] for thermal conductivity of vapor at the atmospheric pressure
and dynamic viscosity of the superheated vapor, respectively.

The Other Properties:

Equation (II·2·37) in reference [1] for surface tension.

References

[1] Japanese Association of Refrigeration, Thermophysical Properties of Refrigerants (R12, Dichlorodifluoro-

methane), (1981).
CFC-12(R12) 315

Table II–2.34–1 CFC-12 (R12) Function

No. Name of Function and Argument(s) Range of Argument(s)

Function
1 AIPPT(P,T)
94 AJTPT(P,T)
8A AKPD(P)
8B AKPDD(P)
82 AKPT(P,T) AKPT: Isentropic Exponent [–] 2.0×103 ≤P≤8.0×106 [Pa]
P∗: Pressure [Pa], [bar] 183.15≤T≤473.15 [K]
T∗: Temperature [K], [◦ C]
0.02≤P≤80 [bar]
−90≤T≤200 [◦C]
see Fig.II-2.34-1
8C AKTD(T)
8D AKTDD(T)
2 ALAPP(P) ALAPP: Laplace Coefficient [m] 22.59×103 ≤P≤4.02×106 [Pa]
P∗: Pressure [Pa], [bar] 0.2259≤P≤40.2 [bar]
3 ALAPT(T) ALAPT: Laplace Coefficient [m] 213.15≤T≤383.15 [K]
T∗: Temperature [K], [◦ C] −60≤T≤110 [◦C]
4 ALHP(P) ALHP: Latent Heat of Vaporization [J/kg] 1.2×103 ≤P≤4.02×106 [Pa]
P∗: Pressure [Pa], [bar] 0.012≤P≤40.2 [bar]
5 ALHT(T) ALHT: Latent Heat of Vaporization [J/kg] 173.15≤T≤383.15 [K]
T∗: Temperature [K], [◦ C] −100≤T≤110 [◦ C]
6 ALMPD(P) ALMPD: Thermal Conductivity of Saturated PST(173.15K)≤P≤PST(333.15K) [Pa]
Liquid [W/(m·K)] (∼1.17×103 ) (∼1.52×106 )
P∗: Pressure [Pa], [bar] PST(−100 C)≤P≤PST(60◦ C) [bar]
◦

(∼0.0117) (∼15.2)
7 ALMPDD(P)
8 ALMPT(P,T) ALMPT: Thermal Conductivity at Ordinary P=Dummy
Pressure [W/(m·K)] 253.15≤T≤363.15 [K]
P∗: Pressure [Pa], [bar] −20≤T≤90 [◦C]
T∗: Temperature [K], [◦ C]
9 ALMTD(T) ALMTD: Thermal Conductivity of Saturated 173.15≤T≤333.15 [K]
Liquid [W/(m·K)] −100≤T≤60 [◦C]
T∗: Temperature [K], [◦ C]
10 ALMTDD(T)
11 AMUPD(P) AMUPD: Coefficient of Viscosity of Saturated PST(203.15K)≤P≤PST(311.15K) [Pa]
Liquid [Pa·s] (∼12.2×103 ) (∼0.913×106 )
P∗: Pressure [Pa], [bar] PST(−70 C)≤P≤PST(38◦ C) [bar]
◦

(∼0.122) (∼9.13)
12 AMUPDD(P)
13 AMUPT(P,T) AMUPT: Coefficient of Viscosity [Pa·s] 100×103 ≤P≤4.0×106 [Pa]
P∗: Pressure [Pa], [bar] 298.15≤T≤398.15 [K]
T∗: Temperature [K], [◦ C]
1.0≤P≤40 [bar]
25≤T≤125 [◦ C]
14 AMUTD(T) AMUTD: Coefficient of Viscosity of Saturated 203.15≤T≤311.15 [K]
Liquid [Pa·s] −70≤T≤38 [◦C]
T∗: Temperature [K], [◦ C]
15 AMUTDD(T)
92 BPPT(P,T)
90 BSPT(P,T)
91 BTPT(P,T)
93 BVPT(P,T)
316 P-PROPATH: Pure Substances and Mixtures with Fixed Composition

Table II–2.34–1 CFC-12 (R12) Function (cont’d)

No. Name of Function and Argument(s) Range of Argument(s)

Function
16 CPPD(P) CPPD: Isobaric Specific Heat of Saturated PST(173.15K)≤P≤PST(363.15K) [Pa]
Liquid [J/(kg·K)] (∼1.17×103 ) (∼2.77×106 )
P∗: Pressure [Pa], [bar] PST(−100 C)≤P≤PST(90◦ C) [bar]
◦

(∼0.0117) (∼27.7)
17 CPPDD(P) CPPDD: Isobaric Specific Heat of Saturated PST(173.15K)≤P≤PST(363.15K) [Pa]
Vapor [J/(kg·K)] (∼1.17×103 ) (∼2.77×106 )
P∗: Pressure [Pa], [bar] PST(−100 C)≤P≤PST(90◦ C) [bar]
◦

(∼0.0117) (∼27.7)
18 CPPT(P,T) CPPT: Isobaric Specific Heat [J/(kg·K)] 2.0×103 ≤P≤8.0×106 [Pa]
P∗: Pressure [Pa], [bar] 183.15≤T≤473.15 [K]
T∗: Temperature [K], [◦C]
0.02≤P≤80 [bar]
−90≤T≤200 [◦ C]
see Fig.II-2.34-1
19 CPTD(T) CPTD: Isobaric Specific Heat of Saturated 173.15≤T≤363.15 [K]
Liquid [J/(kg·K)] −100≤T≤90 [◦ C]
T∗: Temperature [K], [◦C]
20 CPTDD(T) CPTDD: Isobaric Specific Heat of Saturated 173.15≤T≤363.15 [K]
Vapor [J/(kg·K)] −100≤T≤90 [◦ C]
T∗: Temperature [K], [◦C]
21 CRP(‘A’) CRP: Critical Constants one of ‘H’, ‘P’, ‘S’, ‘T’ and ‘V’
H: ‘A’=‘H’: 0.56681×106 [J/kg] Specific Enthalpy
P∗: ‘A’=‘P’: 4.125×106 [Pa], 41.25 [bar] Pressure
S: ‘A’=‘S’: 4.6140×103 [J/(kg·K)] Specific Entropy
T∗: ‘A’=‘T’: 384.95 [K], 111.80 [◦C] Temperature
V: ‘A’=‘V’: 1.7921×10−3 [m3 /kg] Specific Volume
7A CVPD(P)
76 CVPDD(P) CVPDD: Isochoric Specific Heat of Saturated PST(173.15K)≤P≤PST(363.15K) [Pa]
Vapor [J/(kg·K)] (∼1.17×103 ) (∼2.77×106 )
P∗: Pressure [Pa], [bar] PST(−100◦ C)≤P≤PST(90◦ C) [bar]
(∼0.0117) (∼27.7)
77 CVPT(P,T) CVPT: Isochoric Specific Heat [J/(kg·K)] 2.0×103 ≤P≤8.0×106 [Pa]
P∗: Pressure [Pa], [bar] 183.15≤T≤473.15 [K]
T∗: Temperature [K], [◦C]
0.02≤P≤80 [bar]
−90≤T≤200 [◦ C]
see Fig.II-2.34-1
7B CVTD(T)
78 CVTDD(T) CVTDD: Isochoric Specific Heat of Saturated 173.15≤T≤363.15 [K]
Vapor [J/(kg·K)] −100≤T≤90 [◦ C]
T∗: Temperature [K], [◦C]
2A EPSPD(P)
2B EPSPDD(P)
22 EPSPT(P,T)
2C EPSTD(T)
2D EPSTDD(T)
89 FC(‘A’) FC: Fundamental Constants one of ‘M’ and ‘R’
M: ‘A’=‘M’: 120.9138 Relative Molecular Mass
R: ‘A’=‘R’: 68.7625 [J/(kg·K)] Gas Constant
9A GAMPD(P)
96 GAMPDD(P)
95 GAMPT(P,T)
9B GAMTD(T)
97 GAMTDD(T)
23 HPD(P) HPD: Specific Enthalpy of Saturated Liquid 1.2×103 ≤P≤4.02×106 [Pa]
[J/kg] 0.012≤P≤40.2 [bar]
P∗: Pressure [Pa], [bar]
CFC-12(R12) 317

Table II–2.34–1 CFC-12 (R12) Function (cont’d)

No. Name of Function and Argument(s) Range of Argument(s)

Function
24 HPDD(P) HPDD: Specific Enthalpy of Saturated Vapor 1.2×103 ≤P≤4.02×106 [Pa]
[J/kg] 0.012≤P≤40.2 [bar]
P∗: Pressure [Pa], [bar]
71 HPS(P,S) HPS: Specific Enthalpy [J/kg] 1.2×103 ≤P≤8.0×106 [Pa]
P∗: Pressure [Pa], [bar] 0.012≤P≤80 [bar]
S: Specific Entropy [J/(kg·K)] see Fig.II-2.34-3 for S
25 HPT(P,T) HPT: Specific Enthalpy [J/kg] 2.0×103 ≤P≤8.0×106 [Pa]
P∗: Pressure [Pa], [bar] 183.15≤T≤473.15 [K]
T∗: Temperature [K], [◦C]
0.02≤P≤80 [bar]
−90≤T≤200 [◦C]
see Fig.II-2.34-1
26 HPX(P,X) HPX: Specific Enthalpy of Mixture [J/kg] 1.2×103 ≤P≤4.02×106 [Pa]
P∗: Pressure [Pa], [bar] 0.012≤P≤40.2 [bar]
X: Dryness Fraction [–] 0≤X≤1.0 [–]
27 HTD(T) HTD: Specific Enthalpy of Saturated Liquid 173.15≤T≤383.15 [K]
[J/kg] −100≤T≤110 [◦C]
T∗: Temperature [K], [◦C]
28 HTDD(T) HTDD: Specific Enthalpy of Saturated Vapor 173.15≤T≤383.15 [K]
[J/kg] −100≤T≤110 [◦C]
T∗: Temperature [K], [◦C]
29 HTX(T,X) HTX: Specific Enthalpy of Mixture [J/kg] 173.15≤T≤383.15 [K]
T∗: Temperature [K], [◦C] −100≤T≤110 [◦C]
X: Dryness Fraction [–] 0≤X≤1.0 [–]
84 IDENTF(‘A’) IDENTF: CHARACTER TYPE FUNCTION one of ‘C’, ‘S’ and ‘V’
for Package Identification (Length 20)
C: ‘A’=‘C’: ‘CCL2F2’ Molecular Formula
S: ‘A’=‘S’: ‘CFC-12(R12)’ Name of Substance
V: ‘A’=‘V’: ‘10.1’ Version Number
66 PLDT(T)
68 PMLT(T)
85 PRPD(P)
86 PRPDD(P)
81 PRPT(P,T) PRPT: Prandtl Number at Ordinary P=Dummy
Pressure [–] 253.15≤T≤363.15 [K]
P∗: Pressure [Pa], [bar] −20≤T≤90 [◦ C]
T∗: Temperature [K], [◦C]
87 PRTD(T)
88 PRTDD(T)
99 PSBT(T)
30 PST(T) PST∗: Saturation Pressure [Pa], [bar] 173.15≤T≤384.95 [K]
T∗: Temperature [K], [◦C] −100≤T≤111.8 [◦C]
72 PSTD(T)
73 PSTDD(T)
31 SIGP(P) SIGP: Surface Tension [N/m] PST(213.15K)≤P≤4.125×106 [Pa]
P∗: Pressure [Pa], [bar] (∼22.59×103 )
PST(−60◦ C)≤P≤41.25 [bar]
(∼0.2259)
32 SIGT(T) SIGT: Surface Tension [N/m] 213.15≤T≤384.95 [K]
T∗: Temperature [K], [◦C] −60≤T≤111.8 [◦ C]
33 SPD(P) SPD: Specific Entropy of Saturated Liquid 1.2×103 ≤P≤4.02×106 [Pa]
[J/(kg·K)] 0.012≤P≤40.2 [bar]
P∗: Pressure [Pa], [bar]
34 SPDD(P) SPDD: Specific Entropy of Saturated Vapor 1.2×103 ≤P≤4.02×106 [Pa]
[J/(kg·K)] 0.012≤P≤40.2 [bar]
P∗: Pressure [Pa], [bar]
318 P-PROPATH: Pure Substances and Mixtures with Fixed Composition

Table II–2.34–1 CFC-12 (R12) Function (cont’d)

No. Name of Function and Argument(s) Range of Argument(s)

Function
35 SPT(P,T) SPT: Specific Entropy [J/(kg·K)] 2.0×103 ≤P≤8.0×106 [Pa]
P∗: Pressure [Pa], [bar] 183.15≤T≤473.15 [K]
T∗: Temperature [K], [◦ C]
0.02≤P≤80 [bar]
−90≤T≤200 [◦ C]
see Fig.II-2.34-1
36 SPX(P,X) SPX: Specific Entropy of Mixture [J/(kg·K)] 1.2×103 ≤P≤4.02×106 [Pa]
P∗: Pressure [Pa], [bar] 0.012≤P≤40.2 [bar]
X: Dryness Fraction [–] 0≤X≤1.0 [–]
37 STD(T) STD: Specific Entropy of Saturated Liquid 173.15≤T≤383.15 [K]
[J/(kg·K)] −100≤T≤110 [◦C]
T∗: Temperature [K], [◦ C]
38 STDD(T) STDD: Specific Entropy of Saturated Vapor 173.15≤T≤383.15 [K]
[J/(kg·K)] −100≤T≤110 [◦C]
T∗: Temperature [K], [◦ C]
39 STX(T,X) STX: Specific Entropy of Mixture [J/(kg·K)] 173.15≤T≤383.15 [K]
T∗: Temperature [K], [◦ C] −100≤T≤110 [◦C]
X: Dryness Fraction [–] 0≤X≤1.0 [–]
67 TLDP(P)
69 TMLP(P)
64 TPH(P,H) TPH∗: Temperature [K], [◦ C] 1.2×103 ≤P≤8.0×106 [Pa]
P∗: Pressure [Pa], [bar] 0.012≤P≤80 [bar]
H: Specific Enthalpy [J/kg] see Fig.II-2.34-2 for H
65 TPS(P,S) TPS∗: Temperature [K], [◦C] 1.2×103 ≤P≤8.0×106 [Pa]
P∗: Pressure [Pa], [bar] 0.012≤P≤80 [bar]
S: Specific Entropy [J/(kg·K)] see Fig.II-2.34-3 for S
98 TPSEUP(P)
70 TPV(P,V) TPV∗: Temperature [K], [◦ C] 1.2×103 ≤P≤4.125×106 [Pa]
P∗: Pressure [Pa], [bar] VPD(P)≤V≤
V: Specific Volume [m3 /kg] VPT(P,473.15K) [m3 /kg]
4.125×106 <P≤8.0×106 [Pa]
0.0017921≤V≤
VPT(P,473.15K) [m3 /kg]

0.012≤P≤41.25 [bar]
VPD(P)≤V≤
VPT(P,200◦ C) [m3 /kg]
41.25<P≤80 [bar]
0.0017921≤V≤
VPT(P,200◦ C) [m3 /kg]
41 TRPL(‘A’)
100 TSBP(P)
40 TSP(P) TSP∗: Saturation Temperature [K], [◦C] 1.2×103 ≤P≤4.125×106 [Pa]
P∗: Pressure [Pa], [bar] 0.012≤P≤41.25 [bar]
74 TSPD(P)
75 TSPDD(P)
42 UPD(P) UPD: Specific Internal Energy of Saturated 1.2×103 ≤P≤4.02×106 [Pa]
Liquid [J/kg] 0.012≤P≤40.2 [bar]
P∗: Pressure [Pa], [bar]
43 UPDD(P) UPDD: Specific Internal Energy of Saturated 1.2×103 ≤P≤4.02×106 [Pa]
Vapor [J/kg] 0.012≤P≤40.2 [bar]
P∗: Pressure [Pa], [bar]
CFC-12(R12) 319

Table II–2.34–1 CFC-12 (R12) Function (cont’d)

No. Name of Function and Argument(s) Range of Argument(s)

Function
79 UPS(P,S) UPS: Specific Internal Energy [J/kg] 1.2×103 ≤P≤8.0×106 [Pa]
P∗: Pressure [Pa], [bar] 0.012≤P≤80 [bar]
S: Specific Entropy [J/(kg·K)] see Fig.II-2.34-3 for S
44 UPT(P,T) UPT: Specific Internal Energy [J/kg] 2.0×103 ≤P≤8.0×106 [Pa]
P∗: Pressure [Pa], [bar] 183.15≤T≤473.15 [K]
T∗: Temperature [K], [◦ C]
0.02≤P≤80 [bar]
−90≤T≤200 [◦ C]
see Fig.II-2.34-1
45 UPX(P,X) UPX: Specific Internal Energy of Mixture [J/kg] 1.2×103 ≤P≤4.02×106 [Pa]
P∗: Pressure [Pa], [bar] 0.012≤P≤40.2 [bar]
X: Dryness Fraction [–] 0≤X≤1.0 [–]
46 UTD(T) UTD: Specific Internal Energy of Saturated 173.15≤T≤383.15 [K]
Liquid [J/kg] −100≤T≤110 [◦ C]
T∗: Temperature [K], [◦ C]
47 UTDD(T) UTDD: Specific Internal Energy of Saturated 173.15≤T≤383.15 [K]
Vapor [J/kg] −100≤T≤110 [◦ C]
T∗: Temperature [K], [◦ C]
48 UTX(T,X) UTX: Specific Internal Energy of Mixture [J/kg] 173.15≤T≤383.15 [K]
T∗: Temperature [K], [◦ C] −100≤T≤110 [◦ C]
X: Dryness Fraction [–] 0≤X≤1.0 [–]
49 VPD(P) VPD: Specific Volume of Saturated Liquid [m3 /kg] 1.2×103 ≤P≤4.02×106 [Pa]
P∗: Pressure [Pa], [bar] 0.012≤P≤40.2 [bar]
50 VPDD(P) VPDD: Specific Volume of Saturated Vapor [m3 /kg] 1.2×103 ≤P≤4.02×106 [Pa]
P∗: Pressure [Pa], [bar] 0.012≤P≤40.2 [bar]
80 VPS(P,S) VPS: Specific Volume [m3 /kg] 1.2×103 ≤P≤8.0×106 [Pa]
P∗: Pressure [Pa], [bar] 0.012≤P≤80 [bar]
S: Specific Entropy [J/(kg·K)] see Fig.II-2.34-3 for S
51 VPT(P,T) VPT: Specific Volume [m3 /kg] 2.0×103 ≤P≤8.0×106 [Pa]
P∗: Pressure [Pa], [bar] 183.15≤T≤473.15 [K]
T∗: Temperature [K], [◦ C]
0.02≤P≤80 [bar]
−90≤T≤200 [◦ C]
see Fig.II-2.34-1
52 VPX(P,X) VPX: Specific Volume of Mixture [m3 /kg] 1.2×103 ≤P≤4.02×106 [Pa]
P∗: Pressure [Pa], [bar] 0.012≤P≤40.2 [bar]
X: Dryness Fraction [–] 0≤X≤1.0 [–]
53 VTD(T) VTD: Specific Volume of Saturated Liquid [m3 /kg] 173.15≤T≤383.15 [K]
T∗: Temperature [K], [◦ C] −100≤T≤110 [◦ C]
54 VTDD(T) VTDD: Specific Volume of Saturated Vapor [m3 /kg] 173.15≤T≤383.15 [K]
T∗: Temperature [K], [◦ C] −100≤T≤110 [◦ C]
55 VTX(T,X) VTX: Specific Volume of Mixture [m3 /kg] 173.15≤T≤383.15 [K]
T∗: Temperature [K], [◦ C] −100≤T≤110 [◦ C]
X: Dryness Fraction [–] 0≤X≤1.0 [–]
8E WPD(P)
8F WPDD(P)
83 WPT(P,T) WPT: Velocity of Sound [m/s] 2.0×103 ≤P≤8.0×106 [Pa]
P∗: Pressure [Pa], [bar] 183.15≤T≤473.15 [K]
T∗: Temperature [K], [◦ C]
0.02≤P≤80 [bar]
−90≤T≤200 [◦ C]
see Fig.II-2.34-1
8G WTD(T)
8H WTDD(T)
56 XPH(P,H) XPH: Dryness Fraction [–] 1.2×103 ≤P≤4.02×106 [Pa]
P∗: Pressure [Pa], [bar] 0.012≤P≤40.2 [bar]
H: Specific Enthalpy of Mixture [J/kg] HPD(P)≤H≤HPDD(P) [J/kg]
320 P-PROPATH: Pure Substances and Mixtures with Fixed Composition

Table II–2.34–1 CFC-12 (R12) Function (cont’d)

No. Name of Function and Argument(s) Range of Argument(s)

Function
57 XPS(P,S) XPS: Dryness Fraction [–] 1.2×103 ≤P≤4.02×106 [Pa]
P∗: Pressure [Pa], [bar] 0.012≤P≤40.2 [bar]
S: Specific Entropy of Mixture [J/(kg·K)] SPD(P)≤S≤SPDD(P) [J/(kg·K)]
58 XPU(P,U) XPU: Dryness Fraction [–] 1.2×103 ≤P≤4.02×106 [Pa]
P∗: Pressure [Pa], [bar] 0.012≤P≤40.2 [bar]
U: Specific Internal Energy of Mixture [J/kg] UPD(P)≤U≤UPDD(P) [J/kg]
59 XPV(P,V) XPV: Dryness Fraction [–] 1.2×103 ≤P≤4.02×106 [Pa]
P∗: Pressure [Pa], [bar] 0.012≤P≤40.2 [bar]
V: Specific Volume of Mixture [m3 /kg] VPD(P)≤V≤VPDD(P) [m3 /kg]
60 XTH(T,H) XTH: Dryness Fraction [–] 173.15≤T≤383.15 [K]
T∗: Temperature [K], [◦C] −100≤T≤110 [◦ C]
H: Specific Enthalpy of Mixture [J/kg] HTD(T)≤H≤HTDD(T) [J/kg]
61 XTS(T,S) XTS: Dryness Fraction [–] 173.15≤T≤383.15 [K]
T∗: Temperature [K], [◦C] −100≤T≤110 [◦ C]
S: Specific Entropy of Mixture [J/(kg·K)] STD(T)≤S≤STDD(T) [J/(kg·K)]
62 XTU(T,U) XTU: Dryness Fraction [–] 173.15≤T≤383.15 [K]
T∗: Temperature [K], [◦C] −100≤T≤110 [◦ C]
U: Specific Internal Energy of Mixture [J/kg] UTD(T)≤U≤UTDD(T) [J/kg]
63 XTV(T,V) XTV: Dryness Fraction [–] 173.15≤T≤383.15 [K]
T∗: Temperature [K], [◦C] −100≤T≤110 [◦ C]
V: Specific Volume of Mixture [m3 /kg] VTD(T)≤V≤VTDD(T) [m3 /kg]
CFC-12(R12) 321

[bar]*10 6 [Pa]
80 8

CFC-12(R12)

g
m /k
10 -3 3
21*
1 .7 9
Pressure, P

V=
50 5

Critical point

r ve
cu
u re
ss
p re
p or
Va

0.02 0.002
173.15 273.15 373.15 441.0 473.15 [K]
-100 0 100 167.85 200 [C]

Temperature, T
Fig.II–2.34–1 Range of Arguments(P,T) for AKPT(P,T),CPPT(P,T),CVPT(P,T),HPT(P,T),
SPT(P,T),UPT(P,T),VPT(P,T) and WPT(P,T).
322 P-PROPATH: Pure Substances and Mixtures with Fixed Composition

[bar]*10 6 [Pa]
150 15

CFC-12(R12)

T = 5.4*10-6P+319

T = 460 K
T:[K], P:[Pa]

100 10
Pressure, P

-6
T = 4.25*10 P+307.5
T:[K], P:[Pa]

60 6
50 5

T = 333 K Critical point

Saturated vapor

d
ui
li q
t ed
ra
tu
Sa
0.074 0.0074 6
0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 *10

Enthalpy, H [J/kg]
Fig.II–2.34–2 Range of Arguments(P,H) for TPH(P,H).
CFC-12(R12) 323

[bar]*10 6 [Pa]
150 15

CFC-12(R12)

T = 5.4*10-6P+319
T:[K], P:[Pa]

T = 460 K
100 10
Pressure, P

-6
T = 4.25*10 P+307.5
T:[K], P:[Pa]

60 6
50 5
T = 333 K
Critical point
or
d

S at u ra te d v ap
ui
li q
te d
ra
tu
Sa

0.074 0.0074 6
0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 *10

Entropy, S [J/(kg.K)]
Fig.II–2.34–3 Range of Arguments(P,S) for HPS(P,S),TPS(P,S),UPS(P,S)
and VPS(P,S).