CSC1100: Lab Sheet 5

1. Create a program to find the sum and average of five elements

entered by user in an array.

Solution

int SIZE = 5;

int numbers[SIZE];

cout << "Enter " << SIZE << " integers:\n";

for (int i = 0; i < SIZE; ++i) {

cout << "Enter number " << (i + 1) << ": ";

cin >> numbers[i];

int sum = 0;

for (int i = 0; i < SIZE; ++i) {

sum += numbers[i];

double average = sum / SIZE;

cout << "\nSum: " << sum << endl;

cout << "Average: " << average << endl;

///////

int arr[5];

int sum=0;

for(int i=0; i<5; i++)

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 {

cout<<"enter element"<<i+1<<endl;

cin>> arr[i];

sum = sum +arr[i];

cout<< "sum ="<<sum<<endl;

cout<< "avg ="<<sum/5.0;

2. Find max element in the array and 2d array ( N )(M).

Solution

int SIZE=5;

int arr[]={1,2,5,88,6};

int max1d=arr[0];

for(int i=0;i<SIZE;++i){

if(arr[i] > max1d){

max1d=arr[i];

cout << "Maximum element in the 1D array: " << max1d << endl;

////////////////////////////////

int N=3;

int M=4;

int arr[N][M]={

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 {1,2,3,4},

{545,5,6,4},

{4,5,5,8}

};

int max2d=arr[0][0];

for(int i=0;i<N;i++){

for(int j=0;j<M;j++){

if(arr[i][j]>max2d){

max2d=arr[i][j];

cout << "Maximum element in the 2D array: " << max2d << endl;

3. print the size of the entered string using loops

solution

string s;

cin>> s;

int i=0;

while(s[i]!='\0'){

//cout<<s[i];

i++;

cout<<i;

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 4. Write a program to find the most repeated number in an array
of integers and print both the number and its frequency.

Solution

int SIZE = 10;

int myArray[SIZE] = {1, 3, 2, 4, 2, 1, 3, 2, 4, 4};

int repeatedNum = -1, maxFrequency = 0;

for (int i = 0; i < SIZE; ++i)

int currNum = myArray[i];

int currFreq = 1;

for (int j = i + 1; j < SIZE; ++j)

if (myArray[j] == currNum)

++currFreq;

if (currFreq > maxFrequency)

repeatedNum = currNum;

maxFrequency = currFreq;

if (repeatedNum != -1)

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 {

cout << "Most repeated number: " << repeatedNum ;

cout << "\nFrequency: " << maxFrequency << endl;

else

cout << "The array is empty." << endl;

5. Tracing
What is the output?

A function is a block of code that performs a specific task.

Result

1 CSC1100: Computer Programming I 2024

5
 6. Display array elements
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

int main() {

int numbers[5] = {7, 5, 6, 12, 35};

cout << "The numbers are: ";

// Printing array elements

// using range based for loop
for (int n : numbers) {
cout << n << " ";
}

cout << "\nThe numbers are: ";

// Printing array elements

// using traditional for loop
for (int i = 0; i < 5; ++i) {
cout << numbers[i] << " ";
}

return 0;
}

The output

The numbers are: 7 5 6 12 35

The numbers are: 7 5 6 12 35

7. Display Sum and Average of Array Elements Using for Loop

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

int main() {

// initialize an array without specifying size

double numbers[] = {7, 5, 6, 12, 35, 27};

double sum = 0;
double count = 0;

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6
 double average;

cout << "The numbers are: ";

// print array elements

// use of range-based for loop
for (const double &n : numbers) {
cout << n << " ";

// calculate the sum

sum += n;

// count the no. of array elements

++count;
}

// print the sum

cout << "\nTheir Sum = " << sum << endl;

// find the average

average = sum / count;
cout << "Their Average = " << average << endl;

return 0;
}
Run Code

Output

The numbers are: 7 5 6 12 35 27

Their Sum = 92
Their Average = 15.3333

8. Write a C++ program to find the largest element of a given array

of integers
Visual Presentation:

7
1 CSC1100: Computer Programming I 2024
 9.

10. Sample Solution:

11. C++ Code :
12. #include <algorithm>
13. #include<iostream> // Header file for input/output
stream
14. using namespace std; // Using the standard namespace
15.
16. int find_largest(int nums[], int n) { // Function
definition for finding the largest element in an array
17. return *max_element(nums, nums + n); // Return the
maximum element in the array using max_element from
algorithm library
18. }
19.
20. int main() { // Main function where the program
execution starts
21. int nums[] = { // Declaring and initializing an
integer array
22. 5,
23. 4,
24. 9,
25. 12,
26. 8
27. };

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 28. int n = sizeof(nums) / sizeof(nums[0]); // Determining
the number of elements in the array
29.
30. cout << "Original array:"; // Output message
8 indicating the original array is being displayed
31. for (int i=0; i < n; i++) // Loop to display each
element of the array
32. cout << nums[i] <<" "; // Output each element of the
array
33.
34. cout << "\nLargest element of the said array: "<<
find_largest(nums, n); // Output message showing the
largest element in the array
35. return 0; // Return statement indicating successful
execution and program termination
36. }
37. Copy
38. Sample Output:
39. Original array:5 4 9 12 8
40. Largest element of the said array: 12
41. Flowchart:

9. Taking Input for Two Dimensional Array

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#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

int main() {
int numbers[2][3];
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cout << "Enter 6 numbers: " << endl;

// Storing user input in the array

for (int i = 0; i < 2; ++i) {
for (int j = 0; j < 3; ++j) {
cin >> numbers[i][j];
}
}

cout << "The numbers are: " << endl;

// Printing array elements

for (int i = 0; i < 2; ++i) {
for (int j = 0; j < 3; ++j) {
cout << "numbers[" << i << "][" << j << "]: " <<
numbers[i][j] << endl;
}
}

return 0;
}
Run Code

Output

Enter 6 numbers:
1
2
3
4
5
6
The numbers are:
numbers[0][0]: 1
numbers[0][1]: 2
numbers[0][2]: 3
numbers[1][0]: 4
numbers[1][1]: 5
numbers[1][2]: 6

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10. Write a C++ program to sort a given unsorted array of integers,
in wave form.
Note:
10
An array is in wave form when array[0] >= array[1] <=
array[2] >= array[3] <= array[4] >= . . . .

Sample Solution:

C++ Code :
#include<iostream> // Header file for input/output stream

#include<algorithm> // Header file for using algorithms like

sort

using namespace std; // Using the standard namespace

void swap_elements(int *a, int *b)

int t = *a; // Temporary variable to store the value at

pointer a

*a = *b; // Assigning the value at pointer b to pointer a

*b = t; // Assigning the value in the temporary variable

to pointer b

void array_wave(int nums[], int n)

sort(nums, nums+n); // Sorting the array in ascending

order using the sort function

// Loop to create the wave pattern in the array

for (int i = 0; i < n - 1; i += 2)

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 swap_elements(&nums[i], &nums[i+1]); // Swapping
adjacent elements to create the wave pattern

11
int main()

int nums[] = {4, 5, 9, 12, 9, 22, 45, 7}; // Declaration

and initialization of an integer array

int n = sizeof(nums) / sizeof(nums[0]); // Calculating the

number of elements in the array

cout << "Original array: ";

for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)

cout << nums[i] << " "; // Outputting each element of

the array

array_wave(nums, n); // Calling the function to create a

wave pattern in the array

cout << "\nWave form of the said array: ";

for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)

cout << nums[i] << " "; // Outputting each element of

the modified array in a wave pattern

return 0;

Sample Output:
Original array: 4 5 9 12 9 22 45 7
Wave form of the said array: 5 4 9 7 12 9 45 22
Flowchart:

1 CSC1100: Computer Programming I 2024

11. Write a C++ program to find the next more powerful element of
every element of a given array of integers. Ignore those elements
that have no greater element.

Visual Presentation:

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1 14 CSC1100: Computer Programming I 2024
12. Write a C++ program to find the second lowest and highest
numbers in a given array.

C++ Code :
#include <iostream>

#include <string>

using namespace std;

// Function to find the second highest and second lowest

numbers in an array of integers

void Second_highest_lowest(int array_nums[], int array_size) {

// Check if the array has only two elements

if (array_size == 2)

// Output the elements in ascending order

if (array_nums[0] < array_nums[1])

cout << array_nums[0] << " " <<

array_nums[1];

else

cout << array_nums[1] << " " <<

array_nums[0];

else

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 {

// Sorting the array in ascending order using

Bubble Sort

bool flag;

int temp;

do

flag = false;

for (int x = 0; x < array_size - 1; x++)

// Swap elements if they are in the

wrong order

if (array_nums[x] > array_nums[x +

1])

temp = array_nums[x];

array_nums[x] = array_nums[x
+ 1];

array_nums[x + 1] = temp;

flag = true;

} while (flag);

// Determine the index of the second lowest

number in the sorted array

int index = 0;

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16
 for (int y = 0; y < array_size - 1; y++)

if (array_nums[y] == array_nums[y + 1])

index++;

else

break;

// Determine the index of the second highest

number in the sorted array

int index2 = array_size - 1;

for (int z = array_size - 1; z > 0; z--)

if (array_nums[z] == array_nums[z - 1])

index2--;

else

break;

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 // Output the results

cout << "\nSecond lowest number of the said

array: " << array_nums[index + 1];

cout << "\nSecond highest Number of the said

array: " << array_nums[index2 - 1];

// Main function

int main() {

// Sample arrays of integers

int nums1[] = { 1, 12, 122, 9 };

int size_A = sizeof(nums1)/sizeof(nums1[0]);

// Display array elements in reverse order

cout <<"Array elements: ";

for (int i = size_A - 1; i >= 0; i--)

cout << nums1[i] << " ";

// Call the Second_highest_lowest function and display the

result

Second_highest_lowest(nums1, size_A );

cout << endl;

// Repeat the process for the other arrays

int nums2[] = { 1, 12, 12, 9 };

size_A = sizeof(nums2)/sizeof(nums2[0]);

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 cout <<"\nArray elements: ";

for (int i = size_A - 1; i >= 0; i--)

cout << nums2[i] << " ";

Second_highest_lowest(nums2, size_A );

cout << endl;

int nums3[] = { 1, 12, 12, 9, 9, 5, 5 };

size_A = sizeof(nums3)/sizeof(nums3[0]);

cout <<"\nArray elements: ";

for (int i = size_A - 1; i >= 0; i--)

cout << nums3[i] << " ";

Second_highest_lowest(nums3, size_A );

cout << endl;

int nums4[] = { 9, 9 , 9, 9, 9 };

size_A = sizeof(nums4)/sizeof(nums4[0]);

cout <<"\nArray elements: ";

for (int i = size_A - 1; i >= 0; i--)

cout << nums4[i] << " ";

Second_highest_lowest(nums4, size_A );

cout << endl;

return 0; // Return 0 to indicate successful execution

Sample Output:
Array elements: 9 122 12 1
Second lowest number of the said array: 9

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Second highest NUmber of the said array: 12

Array elements: 9 12 12 1
Second lowest number of the said array: 9
Second highest NUmber of the said array: 9

Array elements: 5 5 9 9 12 12 1
Second lowest number of the said array: 5
Second highest NUmber of the said array: 9

Array elements: 9 9 9 9 9
Second lowest number of the said array: 0
Second highest NUmber of the said array: 0

13. Write a C++ program to find and print all distinct elements of a
given array of integers.

Visual Presentation:

14. Write a c++ program about two dimensional array

.
// C++ Program to display all elements
// of an initialised two dimensional array

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

int main() {
int test[3][2] = {{2, -5},

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 {4, 0},
{9, 1}};

// use of nested for loop

// access rows of the array
for (int i = 0; i < 3; ++i) {

// access columns of the array

for (int j = 0; j < 2; ++j) {
cout << "test[" << i << "][" << j << "] = " << test[i][j]
<< endl;
}
}

return 0;
}
Run Code

Output

test[0][0] = 2
test[0][1] = -5
test[1][0] = 4
test[1][1] = 0
test[2][0] = 9
test[2][1] = 1

15.write a c++ about Taking Input for Two Dimensional Array

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

int main() {
int numbers[2][3];

cout << "Enter 6 numbers: " << endl;

// Storing user input in the array

for (int i = 0; i < 2; ++i) {
for (int j = 0; j < 3; ++j) {
cin >> numbers[i][j];
}
}

cout << "The numbers are: " << endl;

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 // Printing array elements
for (int i = 0; i < 2; ++i) {
for (int j = 0; j < 3; ++j) {
cout << "numbers[" << i << "][" << j << "]: " <<
numbers[i][j] << endl;
}
}

return 0;
}
Run Code

Output

Enter 6 numbers:
1
2
3
4
5
6
The numbers are:
numbers[0][0]: 1
numbers[0][1]: 2
numbers[0][2]: 3
numbers[1][0]: 4
numbers[1][1]: 5
numbers[1][2]: 6

16. Write a C++ program to arrange the numbers in a given

array in a way that the sum of some numbers equals the
largest number in the array.

Visual Presentation:

22
1 CSC1100: Computer Programming I 2024
17. Write a C++ program to find the number of pairs of
integers in a given array of integers whose sum is equal to a
specified number.

C++ Code :

#include <iostream> // Header file for input/output stream

using namespace std; // Using the standard namespace

int main() // Main function

int array1[] = {1, 5, 7, 5, 8, 9, 11, 12}; // Declaration

and initialization of the array

int s1 = sizeof(array1) / sizeof(array1[0]); // Calculate

the size of the array

cout << "Original array: "; // Output label for original

array

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 for (int i = 0; i < s1; i++) // Loop to output elements of
the original array

cout << array1[i] << " ";

int i, sum = 12, ctr = 0; // Declaration of variables for

sum and count of pairs

cout << "\nArray pairs whose sum equal to 12: "; // Output
label for pairs whose sum equals 12

for (int i = 0; i < s1; i++) // Loop through the array

elements

for (int j = i + 1; j < s1; j++) // Nested loop to

find pairs with sum equal to 12

if (array1[i] + array1[j] == sum) // Check if the

sum of two elements is equal to 12

cout << "\n" << array1[i] << "," << array1[j];

// Output the pair

ctr++; // Increment count of pairs

cout << "\nNumber of pairs whose sum equals 12: "; //

Output label for count of pairs

cout << ctr; // Output the count of pairs

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 return 0; // Return 0 to indicate successful execution

Sample Output:
Original array: 1 5 7 5 8 9 11 12
Array pairs whose sum equal to 12:
1,11
5,7
7,5
Number of pairs whose sum equal to 12: 3

18. Write a C++ program to find the number of pairs of integers in a

given array of integers whose sum is equal to a specified number.

C++ Code :
#include <iostream> // Header file for input/output stream

using namespace std; // Using the standard namespace

int main() // Main function

int array1[] = {1, 5, 7, 5, 8, 9, 11, 12}; // Declaration

and initialization of the array

int s1 = sizeof(array1) / sizeof(array1[0]); // Calculate

the size of the array

cout << "Original array: "; // Output label for original

array

for (int i = 0; i < s1; i++) // Loop to output elements of

the original array

cout << array1[i] << " ";

int i, sum = 12, ctr = 0; // Declaration of variables for

sum and count of pairs

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 cout << "\nArray pairs whose sum equal to 12: "; // Output
label for pairs whose sum equals 12

for (int i = 0; i < s1; i++) // Loop through the array

elements

for (int j = i + 1; j < s1; j++) // Nested loop to

find pairs with sum equal to 12

if (array1[i] + array1[j] == sum) // Check if the

sum of two elements is equal to 12

cout << "\n" << array1[i] << "," << array1[j];

// Output the pair

ctr++; // Increment count of pairs

cout << "\nNumber of pairs whose sum equals 12: "; //

Output label for count of pairs

cout << ctr; // Output the count of pairs

return 0; // Return 0 to indicate successful execution

Sample Output:
Original array: 1 5 7 5 8 9 11 12
Array pairs whose sum equal to 12:
1,11
5,7

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7,5
Number of pairs whose sum equal to 12: 3

19. Write a C++ program to find the third largest string in a given
array of strings.

C++ Code :
#include <iostream> // Including the Input/Output Stream
Library

#include <string> // Including the String Library

using namespace std; // Using the Standard Namespace

// Function to find the third highest length string from an

array of strings

string third_highest(string strArr[], int size) {

int len1, len2, len3, index1, index2, index3; // Declaring

variables to store lengths and indices

len1 = len2 = len3 = 0; // Initializing length variables

to 0

// Get the length of the largest word in the string array

for (int y = 0; y < size; y++) {

if (strArr[y].length() > len1) {

len1 = strArr[y].length(); // Update len1 if a

longer string is found

index1 = y; // Save the index of the longest

string

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 // Get the length of the second largest word in the string
array

for (int z = 0; z < size; z++) {

if (strArr[z].length() >= len2 && z != index1) {

len2 = strArr[z].length(); // Update len2 if a

longer string (excluding the first largest) is found

index2 = z; // Save the index of the second

longest string

// Get the length of the third largest word in the string

array

for (int x = 0; x < size; x++) {

if (strArr[x].length() >= len3 && x != index1 && x !=

index2) {

len3 = strArr[x].length(); // Update len3 if a

longer string (excluding the first and second largest) is
found

index3 = x; // Save the index of the third

longest string

// Check if the lengths of the second and third largest

strings are the same

if (len2 == len3) {

return strArr[index2]; // If equal, return the second

longest string

} else {

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 return strArr[index3]; // Otherwise, return the third
longest string

// Main function

int main() {

// Arrays of strings

string S1[] = { "abcdefgh", "abcdefg", "abcdef", "abcde",

"abcd" };

string S2[] = { "abc", "abc", "abc", "abc", "abc" };

string S3[] = { "abc", "abcd", "abcd" };

// Determining the size of each array

int size_S1 = sizeof(S1)/sizeof(S1[0]); // Size of S1

cout <<"Array elements: ";

for (int i = size_S1 - 1; i >= 0; i--)

cout << S1[i] << " "; // Printing elements of S1 in

reverse order

third_highest(S1, size_S1 ); // Calling the third_highest

function

cout << "\nThird highest length string: " <<

third_highest(S1, size_S1 ); // Printing the third highest
length string of S1

cout << endl;

int size_S2 = sizeof(S2)/sizeof(S2[0]); // Size of S2

cout <<"\nArray elements: ";

for (int i = size_S2 - 1; i >= 0; i--)

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 cout << S2[i] << " "; // Printing elements of S2 in
reverse order

cout << "\nThird highest length string: " <<

third_highest(S2, size_S2 ); // Printing the third highest
length string of S2

cout << endl;

int size_S3 = sizeof(S3)/sizeof(S3[0]); // Size of S3

cout <<"\nArray elements: ";

for (int i = size_S3 - 1; i >= 0; i--)

cout << S3[i] << " "; // Printing elements of S3 in

reverse order

cout << "\nThird highest length string: " <<

third_highest(S3, size_S3 ); // Printing the third highest
length string of S3

cout << endl;

return 0; // Return statement indicating successful

completion

Sample Output:
Array elements: abcd abcde abcdef abcdefg abcdefgh
Third highest length string: abcdef

Array elements: abc abc abc abc abc

Third highest length string: abc

Array elements: abcd abcd abc

Third highest length string: abc

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20. Write a C++ program to find the k largest elements in a given
array of integers.

Visual Presentation:

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