SOP 0003 Crane Heavy Lifting Operation
SOP 0003 Crane Heavy Lifting Operation
Rev. Page 1
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ESLLCI NEHEP STSC CI GEN HSS SOP 0003
Accepted w/ Minor
Signature:
Comments
Sections changed in last revision are identified by a vertical line in the margin.
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
1.0 OBJECTIVE........................................................................................................................................................ 3
2.0 SCOPE................................................................................................................................................................ 3
3.0 DEFINITION........................................................................................................................................................ 3
4.0 GENERAL CONTROL MEASURES................................................................................................................... 4
4.1 CRANE AND LIFTING APPLIANCE CONTROL............................................................................................4
4.1.1 OPTION 1/ CARA 1 (NOT YET ENFORCEMENT)..................................................................................................... 8
4.1.2 OPTION 2/ CARA 2............................................................................................................................................ 9
4.1.3 LIFTING GEAR............................................................................................................................................. 11
4.1.4 OPTION 1 / CARA 1......................................................................................................................................... 12
4.1.5 OPTION 2 / CARA 2......................................................................................................................................... 12
4.1.6 LIFTING OPERATION CONTROL................................................................................................................ 14
5.0 CARRYING OUT THE LIFT.............................................................................................................................. 21
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1.0 OBJECTIVE
The purpose of this Safe Operating Procedure is to outline measures to eliminate or reduce the risks
associated with the use of cranes, lifting appliances and lifting gear. It is applicable to the whole of the
Nenggiri Hydroelectric Project.
2.0 SCOPE
These requirements apply to all Nenggiri Hydroelectric projects where work involving, or tasks
associated with it. Additional control measures may be required depending on project.
3.0 DEFINITION
Crane A machine such as a crawler crane, mobile crane, tower crane, gantry or
similar that is designed for the primary purpose of lifting loads
Lifting Appliance A mechanical device such as a, winch, chain block or similar, which may form
part of other equipment such as a bored piling machine, that is provided for
the purpose of lifting loads
Lifting Gear All equipment such as chains, wire ropes, shackles, lifting eyes, lifting cages,
distribution beams, etc. that are used to attach loads to a crane or lifting
appliance.
PMA Certificate Certificate of fitness for use for hoisting equipment issued by DOSH
LANGKAH-LANGKAH KAWALAN AM
a. Lifting work shall only be conducted in accordance with an approved lifting plan or method
statement. Lifting plan only require more than 5 tan. See Photo 1
Kerja-kerja mengangkat hanya boleh dilaksanakan dengan kelulusan pelan mengangkat atau
Penyata Cara Kerja. Pelan mengangkat perlu jika mengankat lebeh 5 tan .Rujuk Gambar 1
b. Lifting work shall only commence upon the approval of a permit to work by the ESLLCI/Sub
contractors. See Photo 2
Kerja mengangkat hanya boleh dikendalikan setelah mendapat kelulusan permit kerja daripada
ESLLCI/ Sub contractors. Rujuk Gambar 2
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b. Lifting appliances shall only be operated by persons who are experienced, certified and
endorsed by their employer.
Peralatan Mengangkat hanya boleh dikendalikan oleh pekerja yang berpengalaman,
berkelayakan dan diperakui oleh majikan.
c. A copy of the competency certificate or employer endorsement shall be kept with the
operators at all times.
Salinan sijil kompeten atau surat pengesahan kompetensi hendaklah senantiasa di
simpan oleh Operator kren pada setiap masa.
d. Cranes shall be fitted with the following safety devices and equipment:
Kren hendaklah dilengkapi dengan peranti dan peralatan keselamatan berikut:
Photo 4- Safe working load indicator Photo 5- Load Radius Chart
Gambar 4 - Penunjuk SWL Gambar 5 - Carta jejari beban
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e. All crane and lifting appliance hooks shall be equipped with approved safety latches -
see Photo 8
Semua kren dan peralatan cangkuk mengangkat hendaklah dilengkapi dengan latch
keselamatan - Rujuk Gambar 8
f. The practice of tying back or otherwise disabling any safety catch is prohibited
Amalan mengikat kembali atau mematikan sebarang kunci keselamatan adalah dilarang.
g. All crane and lifting appliance hooks shall display their SWL - see Photo 9
Semua kren dan cangkuk perkakas mengangkat hendaklah mempamerkan SWL
mereka Rujuk Gambar 9
h. Crane control panels shall be clearly visible and marked in a language that is understood
by the operator.
Panel kawalan kren hendaklah jelas kelihatan dan ditanda dalam bahasa yang mudah
difahami oleh pengendali.
Photo 8- Hooks with safety latch Photo 9 - Hook marked with SWL
Gambar 8 - Penyangkuk dengan latch keselamatan Gambar 9 - Cangkuk yang bertanda SWL
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i. All cranes and lifting appliances shall be examined and tested by DOSH and be issued
with a valid PMA certificate.
Semua kren dan peralatan mengangkat hendaklah diperiksa dan diuji oleh JKKP dan
dikeluarkan dengan sijil PMA yang sah.
j. All cranes shall be clearly marked with their PMA certificate number
Semua kren hendaklah ditandakan dengan jelas nombor Sijil PMA mereka.
k. All crawler cranes shall be re-examined and tested before use after re-erection
Semua kren crawler hendaklah diperiksa semula dan diuji sebelum digunakan dan
selepas pemasangan semula.
l. When a crawler crane with a valid PMA certificate is dismantled and re-erected within the
ESLLCI site area it shall be re-examined and tested by one of the following means:
Apabila kren mudah alih dengan sijil PMA sah telah diceraikan dan didirikan semula
dalam kawasan lokasi ESLLCI , ia hendaklah diperiksa semula dan diuji mengikut salah
satu daripada cara-cara berikut:
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Crane shall be re-examined and tested by DOSH and its fitness for use shall be
recorded by the inspecting officer in the site DOSH log book.
Kren hendaklah diperiksa semula dan diuji oleh JKKP dan kecekapan kecergasan untuk
kegunaan hendaklah direkodkan oleh pegawai yang memeriksa di buku log JKKP.
A copy of the relevant page from the site DOSH log book shall be displayed on crane
Salinan muka surat yang berkaitan dari buku log JKKP hendaklah dipamerkan pada
kren.
m. All cranes and lifting appliances shall be inspected by the Sub contractor and contractor
before they are first used on site.
Semua kren dan peralatan mengangkat perlu diperiksa oleh kontraktor sebelum ianya
dikendalikan di tapak.
n. A standard checklist shall be used to record all crane and lifting appliance inspections.
Senarai semak yang standard hendaklah digunakan untuk merekod pemeriksaan semua
kren dan peralatan mengangkat
o. The sub-contractor shall submit a report Inspection to the Main conductor for all crane
and lifting appliance inspections
Kontraktor hendaklah mengemukakan laporan pemeriksaan kepada Main conductor
yang menyelia semua kren dan peralatan mengangkat untuk pemeriksaan
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p. The sub-contractor staff shall witness the DOSH or Main conductor for inspections. See
Photo 11
Kakitangan kontraktor akan menyaksikan pemeriksaan JKKP atau Main
conductors .Lihat Gambar 11
q. The sub-contractor shall fix a sticker on the crane that details the date of inspection,
inspectors name and date that re inspection is required.
Kontraktor hendaklah menetapkan pelekat pada kren yang terdapat butiran tarikh
pemeriksaan, nama pemeriksa dan tarikh laporan pemeriksaan yang diperlukan.
r. The sub-contractor and Main conductor staff shall record the date of inspection and
include photographs of the fixed inspection stickers in their inspection reports
Kakitangan kontraktor dan kakitangan Main conductor hendaklah merekodkan tarikh
pemeriksaan dan memasukkan gambar-gambar pelekat pemeriksaan tetap dalam
laporan pemeriksaan mereka.
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s. Cranes and lifting appliances shall be inspected by the operators on a daily basis and a
written record of inspection shall be maintained
Kren dan peralatan mengangkat hendaklah diperiksa oleh pengendali secara harian dan
rekod bertulis bagi pemeriksaan hendaklah dikekalkan.
GEAR MENGANGKAT
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Be load tested to 5 times the SWL (Example SWL = 1 Ton then Test Load= 5 Ton)
Beban diuji untuk 5 kali SWL (SWL contoh = 1 tan kemudian menguji memuatkan = 5
tan)
Have the load test witnessed by a qualified mechanical engineer
Mengadakan ujian beban disaksikan oleh seorang Jurutera Mekanikal Bertauliah
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Have a written record of test signed by the qualified mechanical engineer that witnessed
the test.
Mempunyai rekod bertulis bagi ujian yang telah ditandatangani oleh Jurutera Mekanikal
Bertauliah yang menyaksikan ujian
Photo 14- Specially fabricated lifting gear Photo 15- Site made lifting gear
Gambar 14 - Gear mengangkat yang direka khas Gambar 15 - Gear mengangkat yang
dibuat di tapak
g. Lifting gear shall be examined by a competent person before first use and at least
once in every 3-month period thereafter
Gear mengangkat hendaklah diperiksa oleh orang yang kompeten sebelum
penggunaan pertama dan sekurang-kurangnya sekali dalam setiap 3 bulan
selepasnya.
h. Lifting gear that has been inspected or examined and found to be defective shall
be colour coded with red paint
Gear mengangkat yang telah disemak atau diperiksa dan didapati rosak akan
dikodkan dengan cat merah
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a. Lifting work shall only be conducted under the supervision of a lifting supervisor -
see photo 16.
Kerja mengangkat hanya akan dijalankan di bawah penyeliaan seorang penyelia
mengangkat - Rujuk Gambar 16
b. The lifting supervisor shall select a competent team for the specific lifting
operation.
Penyelia mengangkat akan memilih sebuah pasukan yang kompeten bagi
operasi tertentu mengangkat.
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c. A job safety briefing for all persons involved in lifting work shall be conducted by
the lifting supervisor before commencement of the work -see Photo 17.
Taklimat keselamatan kerja untuk semua pihak yang terlibat dalam kerja-kerja
mengangkat hendaklah dilakukan oleh penyelia mengangkat sebelum
memulakan kerja- Rujuk Gambar 17.
d. All preparations and equipment detailed in the approved lifting plan or method
statement shall be fully established on site before lifting work commences.
Semua persediaan dan peralatan yang terperinci yang diluluskan dalam pelan
mengangkat atau penyata cara kerja hendaklah dilaksanakan sepenuhnya di
lokasi sebelum kerja-kerja mengangkat dimulakan.
e. The lifting supervisor shall identify the appropriate lifting gear required for each
particular lifting work activity.
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h. Lifting work shall not be conducted in adverse weather conditions such as heavy
rain, high winds etc.
Kerja-kerja mengangkat tidak boleh diteruskan dalam keadaan cuaca buruk
seperti hujan lebat, angin yang kencang dan lain-lain.
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i. Cranes and lifting appliances shall only be operated on a level platform that is
capable of supporting the loads imposed by the lifting work - see Photo 20
Kren dan peralatan mengangkat hanya boleh digunakan pada platform rata dan
tahap yang mampu menampung beban yang dikenakan oleh kerja mengangkat-
Rujuk Gambar 20
j. Lifting work areas shall be free from overhead utilities
Kerja-kerja mengangkat hendaklah bebas daripada utiliti diatas
k. A gap of at least 600mm shall be maintained between slewing cranes and
adjacent object to prevent persons being trapped.
Jurang atau jarak sekurang-kurangnya 600 mm hendaklah dikekalkan di antara
kren berpusing dan objek yang berdekatan untuk menghalang orang daripada
terperangkap.
l. Mobile crane outriggers shall be placed on steel base plate- see Photo 21.
Outriggers kren bergerak hendaklah diletakkan di atas plat dasar keluli- Rujuk
Gambar 21.
m. Mobile crane booms shall be fully lowered and locked and outriggers shall be
fully retracted prior to moving the cranes.
Boom kren mudah alih diturunkan sepenuhnya dan dikunci dan outriggers
hendaklah ditarik sepenuhnya sebelum menggerakkan kren tersebut.
n. No load shall be left suspended on a crane or lifting appliance unless the
operator is at the controls.
Beban tidak akan dibiarkan digantung pada kren atau peralatan mengangkat
melainkan kren masih di dalam kawalan operator kren.
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Photo 20- Crane operation on firm ground Photo 21 - Steel outrigger plates
Gambar 20- Operasi kren diatas Gambar 21 - Plat dasar keluli utk outrigger
permukaan yang rata
o. The lifting of any person by crane or lifting appliance is prohibited unless written
approval is obtained from DOSH and the ESLLCI
Aktiviti mengangkat orang dengan kren atau peralatan mengangkat adalah
dilarang melainkan jika kelulusan bertulis diperolehi daripada JKKP dan ESLLCI
p. Loads shall only be suspended for the minimum amount of time necessary to
complete the lifting operation; at all other times they shall be lowered to rest on a
solid surface.
Beban hendaklah hanya digantung pada jumlah minimum masa yang diperlukan
untuk melengkapkan operasi mengangkat; pada masa lain ia hendaklah
diturunkan untuk berehat pada permukaan pejal atau rata.
q. Working adjacent to highways or buildings, the crane boom shall be lowered
down or retracted at the end of the day, immediately prior to holidays or at
weekends.
Aktiviti kerja mengangkat bersebelahan dengan lebuh raya atau bangunan,
boom kren hendaklah diturunkan ke bawah atau di tarik balik pada penghujung
hari, sebelum cuti atau pada hujung minggu
r. Cranes booms that are unable to be retracted or lowered down due to space
constraints should be left in a parked position, facing away from the highway or
buildings.
Untuk boom kren yang tidak dapat diundur atau diturunkan ke bawah kerana
kekangan, ianya perlu ditinggalkan di kedudukan yang jauh dari menghadap
lebuh raya atau bangunan.
s. Tower cranes should be left in an un-braked position to rotate freely.
Kren menara perlu ditinggalkan dalam kedudukan tanpa dikenakan brek untuk
berputar dengan bebas.
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t. Crane and lifting appliances shall be switched off, have the doors locked and
keys removed when not in use.
Kren dan peralatan mengangkat hendaklah dimatikan, pintu dikunci dan kunci
hendaklah diambil keluar semasa tidak di gunakan.
u. Loads shall only be lifted vertically, not be pulled or dragged - see Photo 22.
Beban hanya boleh diangkat secara menegak, tidak boleh ditarik atau diheret -
Rujuk Gambar 22.
v. Suspended loads shall be controlled at all times by using taglines and/or push
sticks – See Photo 23
Beban hendaklah dikawal pada setiap masa dengan menggunakan taglines
dan/atau kayu untuk tolak - Rujuk Gambar 23
Photo 22- Lift load vertically Photo 23- Control suspended loads using tag lines
Gambar 22- Beban diangkat menegak Gambar 23- Beban terampai dikawal dengan tag lines
w. Loads shall not be lifted over any public area unless approval has been obtained
by the ESLLCI and control measures, such as traffic and pedestrian control, to
temporarily exclude the public from the area are in place
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Beban tidak boleh diangkat melalui mana-mana kawasan awam melainkan jika
kelulusan telah diperolehi oleh ESLLCI dan langkah-langkah kawalan lalu lintas,
kawalan pejalan kaki, dan telah mengecualikan orang ramai dari kawasan
tersebut untuk sementara waktu.
x. Instructions shall only be given to the crane or lifting appliance operator by a
trained signal man
Arahan hanya boleh diberikan kepada kren operator atau pengendali peralatan
mengangkat oleh seorang 'signalman' yang terlatih.
y. Effective communication between the crane or lifting appliance operator and
signal men shall be in place.
Komunikasi yang efektif di antara operator kren, pengendali peralatan
mengangkat dan 'signalman' hendaklah dilaksanakan.
z. Signal men shall wear clothing or personal protective equipment that makes them
easily identifiable. - see Photo 24
'Signalman' hendaklah memakai pakaian atau peralatan perlindungan peribadi
yang membuatkan mereka mudah untuk dikenal pasti. - Rujuk Gambar 24
aa. Rigging of loads shall only be done by trained riggers.
Aktiviti 'rigging'/beban hanya boleh dilakukan oleh riggers terlatih
bb. All riggers shall use leather gloves. See Photo 25
cc. Semua riggers hendaklah menggunakan sarung tangan kulit - Rujuk Gambar 25
dd. Correct fitting of wedge type of sockets. See photo 26
Pemasangan baji soket yang betul. Rujuk gambar 26
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Photo 24- Easily Identifiable Signal Man Photo 25- Heavy-duty-work-gloves for Riggers
Gambar 24 - ldentiti 'Signalman' mudah Gambar 25 - Sarung tangan tahan lasak
dikenalpasti yang digunakan oleh 'Riggers'
Lifting operations should be carried out following the lift plan under the supervision of a competent
person, who controls the team (crane operator, slinger, signaler etc) and who stop the lift at any time
can should they consider the lift to be unsafe.
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All those involved in the lift know their role and understand who is in control of the operation;
Load routes are established to avoid loads being lifted over people;
The load is properly slung by a competent person. Ensure the chains and slings are of the
correct strength and are in good condition. Chains and slings may be damaged by the load, so
packing could be necessary. The Centre of gravity of the load may not be in the middle of the
load (this is very common with pieces of plant), causing it to shift or slip out of its slings when
it is raised. It is important that loads are slung so that they are in balance with their Centre of
gravity beneath the hook (see Figure 27);
A competent banks man or signaler is provided if the driver’s view is restricted;
There is adequate clearance so that people are not struck or trapped by the load,
counterweight or body of the crane. If traps are unavoidable, fence them off;
Where necessary, tag lines are used to guide loads, eg in windy conditions or on large loads;
If the site team cannot complete the lift as planned, the appointed person must be consulted
before the plan is changed.
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RESPONSIBILITIES REFERENCES
Lifting Work Activities
Start work
PTW close by
applicant and check
by ESLLCI
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Closed Permit received by
ESLLCI
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Verbal info
Complete
documents are
mandatory before
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inspection
Joint Inspection by applicant with
HSS Dept ESLLCI as witness
Crane Operator/applicant
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