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Unit 9_Summary Notes

This document covers the principles of electricity, focusing on how current divides in parallel circuits and the differences between series and parallel circuits. It explains the measurement of current and voltage, the effects of adding components, and Ohm's Law, which relates voltage, current, and resistance. Additionally, it discusses types of resistors and the use of diagrams and symbols to represent various circuit components.

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han031446
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26 views4 pages

Unit 9_Summary Notes

This document covers the principles of electricity, focusing on how current divides in parallel circuits and the differences between series and parallel circuits. It explains the measurement of current and voltage, the effects of adding components, and Ohm's Law, which relates voltage, current, and resistance. Additionally, it discusses types of resistors and the use of diagrams and symbols to represent various circuit components.

Uploaded by

han031446
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Unit 9: Electricity

9Pe.01 Describe how current divides in parallel circuits.

a. Definition:
- Current is the rate at which electric charge passes a point in a circuit or rate
of flow of charges.
- Voltage is the energy transferred or work done per unit charge, as the push of
a battery or power supply in a circuit.
- Resistance is a measure of how easy or difficult it is for electrons to move
through a device or a component.

In parallel circuits, current is divided/split into branches.


9Pe.02 Know how to measure current and voltage in series and parallel
circuits, and describe the effect of adding cells and lamps.

a. Circuits
Series circuit Parallel circuit

Components are connected end to Contain branches, current is divided


end.

I total = I1 = I2=… I total = I1+ I2 +…


V total = V1 + V2 +… V total = V1 = V2 =…
R total = R1 + R2 + … R total = R1R2/ (R1+R2)

b. Measurement
Name Functio Conventio Real image Unit How to
n nal connect
symbol

ammeter To A/Amps/ In series


measu Ampere
re
current

voltmeter To V/ Volt In parallel


measu
re
voltag
e

c. Adding components
- Adding more cells: current increases, voltage increases in both types of circuit.
- Adding more lamps/buzzer in circuit.
+ In series: current decreases because it has more resistance.
Voltage decreases across each component because energy is shared
up by more components.
+ In parallel: current increases because current total equals to total of
currents in branches. Voltage stays the same.

9Pe.03 Calculate resistance (resistance = voltage / current) and describe


how resistance affects current.

OHM’S LAW

Voltage = current x resistance or V= IxR => R = V/I or I = V/R

EFFECTS

⇨ Resistance affects current: The greater the resistance in a circuit, the


smaller the current in the circuit.
RESISTANCE
- Good resistance => used for insulators
- Unit: Ohms/ Ω

RESISTOR

- There are 2 types:

+ fixed resistor:

+ Variable resistor: to control brightness of lamps and volume of sound


because resistane can be changed.

9Pe.04 Use diagrams and conventional symbols to represent, make and


compare circuits that include cells, switches, resistors (fixed and variable),
ammeters, voltmeters, lamps and buzzers.

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