INTERNATIONAL

AYURVEDIC MEDICAL
JOURNAL

International Ayurvedic Medical Journal, (ISSN: 2320 5091) (September, 2017) 5(9)

A CONCEPTUAL STUDY OF TRAYA-AVARTH YONI

Sarang V. Ingle1, Amit Kumar Sharma2

1
Assistant professor, 2Associate Professor
Dept.of Sharir-Rachana Ayurved & Unani Tibbia College and Hospital, Karol-Bagh, NewDelhi-
110005, India

Email: [email protected]

ABSTRACT
In Ayurveda, Shata-dhavatmakPurusha is used for treatment purpose. Sushruta stated that this Puru-
sha is formed by union of Sukra and Shonita.(SushrutaSharir 1/16). The part of female body where
this union is takes place is collectively called as “Yoni”. Considering anatomy it looks like that Su-
shruta has described Yoni in the form of Avarth. Out of which in the third Avarth there is Garbha-
Shaya. The shape of which is like RohitMatsyaMukha. This article emphasizes on Conceptual As-
pects of Traya-avarth Yoni as described in contemporary medical science.

Keywords: Yoni, Avarth, Garbhashaya, Uterus, Anatomy.

INTRODUCTION
Anatomy of Female Reproductive system and 4. This is the place for implantation of Garb-
in that description of Yoni with its Traya ha.4
Avarth concept is unique to Ayurveda. 5. After well development of Garbha, this
Yoni is that part of Female body which plays provides pathway of expulsion of that
important role in- Garbha. (Fetus).5
1.
Discharge of ‘Raja’ (Menstrual Blood) Sushruta has explained the anatomy of Yoni
which is formed cyclically every month.1 saying that it is in the form of Avarth, and has
2.
At the time of contact of male and female compared it with Shankha Nabhi.6
for want of progeny, this acts as pathway In its third AvarthGarbhaShaaya is present.
for ejaculated Sukra.2 The shape of which is like ‘Rohit-Matsya
3. This is the site of union of Sukra and Sho- Mukha’.7
nita.3 In the modern anatomy, Female reproductive
system is divided into following parts-8
 Sarang V. Ingle &Amit Kumar Sharma: A Conceptual Study Of Traya-Avarth Yoni

1) Uterus pulsion of the Fetus While describing various

2) Cervix body organs Sushruta has clearly defined the
3) Vagina morphology of Yoni in the form of Avartha.
Uterus:-9 Avartha literally means Concentric Circle.12
It is Hollow thick walled muscular organ. This Avarthaswapora Yoni has divided into
Divides into Two parts- Three Parts i.e. called as Traya-Avartha Yoni,
a) Body of Uterus- Pear shaped i.e Upper and structure of this is compared with Shankha
part is Dome-Shaped called as Fundus. Nabhi.13
b) Lower end is tapering towards cervix. In its third avartha there is the site of Garb-
In the adult nulliparous state uterus normally hashaya, and structure to which is compared
tilts forward along its long axis at an angle of with RohitMatsya Mukha.14
1250, called as Angle of Flexion. From modern anatomical point of view, the
internal Genital organs in Female are
Cervix:-10 1) Ovary, 2) Fallopian Tube, 3) Uterus, 4) Va-
In the adult non-pregnant Cervix is narrower gina.15
and more cylindrical. Out of above in this paper we have to discuss
The upper end communicates with Uterine the organs deals with Maintenance and Expul-
Body via Internal Os and lower end opens into sion of Fetus, i.e. Uterus and Vagina
Vagina at External Os. Structure of Uterus is like pear shaped i.e.
Vagina:-11 means upper broad and lower narrow.16
It is fibro-muscular tube extends from vesti- Structure of Cervix is lower and cylindrical
bule to Cervix. part of uterus.17
Vagina extends posterior and superior at an Structure of Vagina is like tube, width in-
angle of over 900 to Uterus and called as angle creases as it ascends.18
of Ante-version In the normal anatomical position all these
Width of Vagina increases as it ascends. three structure make an appearance i.e. called
as Ante-Flexed and Ante-Verted position. This
DISCUSSION shown in following figure.19
Yoni is that part of female body which is
mainly for Conception; Maintenance and Ex-

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 Sarang V. Ingle &Amit Kumar Sharma: A Conceptual Study Of Traya-Avarth Yoni

From review of all above explained concepts, As also Shape of Uterus and Vagina are nar-
it has cleared that Sushruta, has compared the row below and broad above and in Anatomical
structure of Yoni with ShankhaNabhi. That’s position Uterus-Cervix-Vagina are placed in
means it should be Narrow below and Broad an appearance i.e. called as Ante-Flexed and
above and Yoni is placed in such a manner i.e. Ante-Verted position.
it is seen like Concentric Circle that Sushruta
stated as Avartha.20

That’s Sushruta Stated that in the third Avar- From practical anatomy Yoni is female inter-
tha there is Garbha-Shaaya i.e foetal bed and nal reproductive organs i.e. Vagina-Cervix-
its structure is compared with Fish that’s Uterus.
means above dilated like Head of Fish and to- In Anatomical Position these three structures
wards tail narrow. are placed in Anteverted-Anteflexed Position
Dalhana added further more details that the that Sushruta called as Avartha.
structure should be Alpa-mukha in starting These three Avartha of Yoni should be
and Maha-sushira in Anta.21 1. First Avartha should be Vagina: - It Starts
The Shape of this Uterus is Narrow below and from Vestibule to External Os.
Broad above and this is the site of implanta- 2. Second Avartha should beCervix: - It
tion of foetus and cavity of uterus is broad starts from External Os to Internal Os.
above and narrows below.22 3. Third Avartha should be Uterus:- It starts
from Inernal Os to Fundus of Uterus (Al-
CONCLUSION paMuka and Anta Sushria)
From above discussion it can be concluded The Third Avartha in which GarbhaShaaya
that- should be Uterus/ Uterine Cavity which is like
Yoni is that organ whose structure is compared RohitMatsyamukha/AlpaMuka and Anta Su-
with Shankha Nabhi i.e. Narrow below and shria i.e. Peer Shaped means Upper Broad and
broad above and also this structure is placed in narrow below.
such a manner i.e. it is seen like Concentric
Circle that is called as Avartha.

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 Sarang V. Ingle &Amit Kumar Sharma: A Conceptual Study Of Traya-Avarth Yoni

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 Sarang V. Ingle &Amit Kumar Sharma: A Conceptual Study Of Traya-Avarth Yoni

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Edition-2003, Chaukmba Surbharti Praka- How to cite this URL: Sarang V. Ingle &Amit Kumar
shan Varanasi- Page No.369 Sharma: A Conceptual Study Of Traya-Avarth Yoni.
21. VaidyaJadavji Trikamaji Acharya, editor International Ayurvedic Medical Journal {online} 2017
{cited September, 2017} Available from:
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bandhasangraha commentary of Dalhana-
Edition-2003, Chaukmba Surbharti Praka-
shan Varanasi- Page No.369

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