PHRASED AND CLAUSES OF PURPOSE
I. Cụm từ chỉ mục đích (Phrases of purpose)
1. Để diễn đạt mục đích khẳng định, ta dùng cụm từ bắt đầu bằng to-infinitive, in order
to/so as to+to infinitive.
To – infinitive
In order to
+ V-infinitive
So as to
Eg: - I try to study to pass my next exam.
- We worked very hard in order to complete the project in time.
- He does morning exercises regularly so as to improve his health.
2. Để diễn tả mục đích phủ định ta dung một cụm từ bắt đầu bằng so as not to hoặc in order not to.
Eg: - She got up early so as not to miss the bus.
- He studies hard so as not to fail in the exam.
II. Mệnh đề trạng ngữ chỉ mục đích (Adverbial clauses of purpose)
- Mệnh đề chỉ mục đích thường được bắt đầu bằng so that, in order that.
- Mệnh đề chỉ mục đích có cấu trúc sau:
S+ V + so that + S + will/would + V (bare-inf)
mệnh đề chính in order that can/could
may/might
mệnh đề trạng ngữ chỉ mục đích
Eg: - I try all my best to study English in order that I can find a better job.
- He hurried so that he wouldn’t miss the train.
Note: Nếu chủ ngữ của mệnh đề chính và mệnh đề chỉ mục đích khác nhau ta không được dùng cụm
từ chỉ mục đích (phrase of purpose).
Eg: I worked hard in order to my family had a better life. Câu sai
I worked hard in order that my family had a better life.
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Exercises
I. Use a phrase or clause of purpose to combine in each pair of sentences below.
1. The boy stood on the benches. They wanted to get a better view.
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2. We lower the volume of the radio. We don’t want to bother our neighbors.
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3. I’ll write to you. I want to you know my decision soon.
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4. These men were talking in whispers. They didn’t want to hear their conversation.
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5. The boy feigned to be sick. He hoped we didn’t make him work.
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6. Doris often goes home as soon as the class is over. She doesn’t want her mother wait for her.
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7. The man spoke loudly. He wanted everybody to hear him clearly.
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8. John gets up early. He doesn’t want to be late for class.
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9. Mary hid the novel under the pillow. She didn’t want her father to see it.
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10. Alice prepares her lesson carefully. She wants to get high marks in class.
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II. Rewrite the following sentences, using phrases of purpose.
1. Leave early so that you may get home before dark.
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2. This man changed his address constantly so that he could avoid the police.
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3. I shouted in order that I could warn everyone of danger.
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4. Banks are developed so that they can keep people’s money safe.
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5. Mary went to the library in order that she could borrow some books.
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6. Yesterday, my father went to the bank so that he would open a checking account.
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7. I went to see him so that I could find out what had happened.
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8. Tom is saving up so that he can buy a new bicycle.
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9. He hurried so that he could catch the train.
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10. She is learning French so that she will be able to speak it when she comes to Paris.
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