Science

Year 8
2025
Endterm 2 Exam

Name

45 minutes

No additional materials are needed.

INSTRUCTIONS
• Answer all questions.
• Write your answer to each question in the space provided.
• You should show all your working on the question paper.

INFORMATION
• The total mark for this paper is 50.
• The number of marks for each question or part question is shown in brackets [ ].
 2

1 Ahmed dissolves different masses of glucose in water to make different volumes

of solution.

Look at his results.

mass of volume of
concentration of glucose
solution glucose solution
in g / 100 cm3 of solution
in g in cm3
A 0.5 20 2.5
B 1.0 10 10.0
C 2.0 50
D 5.0 20 25.0
E 6.0 50 12.0

(a) Calculate the concentration of glucose in solution C in g / 100 cm3.

concentration = 4.0 g / 100 cm3 [1]

(b) Look at the results for solution A, solution B, solution D and solution E.

Which solution has the most glucose particles in 100 cm3 of solution?

Circle the correct answer.

A B D E

Explain your answer using information from the table.

concentration is the highest

[2]
 3

2 Angelique learns about climate change and how temperatures around the world are changing.

She finds a graph on the internet that appears to show average global temperatures are falling.

This is not what she has been taught.

Look at the graph.

14.90

14.88

14.86

14.84

14.82
average global
temperature 14.80
in qC
14.78

14.76

14.74

14.72

14.70
2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022
year

(a) Complete the sentence.

Choose from the list.

appropriate biased fair reliable

The data has been chosen to show a trend that is different from that which is accepted.

This source of information is biased . [1]

 4

(b) Angelique knows that the Earth’s climate changes over time.

Which is the best way for her to show how climate changes happen over time?

Tick () the correct statement.

look at how global temperatures change every month for ten years

look at how global temperatures change every year for ten years

look at how global temperatures change over a period of one hundred years

look at how global temperatures change over a period of thousands of years

[1]

3 Solar power is one example of a renewable energy resource.

(a) Write down one use of a solar panel.

producing electricity / powering an electrical device / heating water [1]

(b) Complete the sentences.

One other example of a renewable energy resource is wind / tidal / geothermal / biofuel .

An example of a non-renewable energy resource is fossil fuel / gasoline, diesel, coal, gas / natural
. gas /
nuclear / nuclear fuel / uranium / plutonium
[2]
 5
4 This question is about climate and weather.

(a) Blessy makes four statements about changes in climate and weather.

Complete the table to show if each statement refers to climate change or to

weather change.

climate
statement or
weather

It is a lot colder today than yesterday. weather

Forty years ago, there was a lot more rain than there is today. climate

Summers have got warmer over the last three years.

weather

There will be high winds tomorrow.

weather

[2]
(b) Suggest one human activity that causes changes in the atmosphere linked to
climate change.

burning fossil fuels / burning coal

deforestation / cutting down trees [1]

release of greenhouse gases / use of aerosols

increased cattle farming

 6
5 The diagram shows a water heating system that uses energy from the Sun.

energy from the Sun hot water

water heater
cold water

hot water to house

water
pump tank

cold water

(a) (i) Write down one reason why this is an example of using a renewable energy resource.

will not run out / is not finite

[1]

(ii) Suggest one disadvantage of using this method to heat water.

Sun may be covered by clouds / affected by weather / does not work in the dark /

affected by daylight length / affected by seasons [1]

(iii) Write down one other renewable energy resource.

wind / tidal / wave / hydroelectric / geothermal / renewable biomass [1]

(iv) Write down one non-renewable energy resource.

natural gas / oil / fossil fuels / coal / nuclear [1]

 7

(b) The picture shows a container made from plant material.

Which word describes this type of renewable material?

Circle the correct answer.

biochemical bioplastic cytoplasm mineral

[1]
 8

6 Some industries produce toxic substances.

These toxic substances sometimes enter food chains.

Look at the food chain.

algae mayfly small fish big fish otter

(a) Suggest a habitat where this food chain is found.

river / pond / lake / stream / sea / ocean [1]

(b) The table shows how the amount of toxic substance increases along the food chain.

relative concentration of toxic

organism
substance
algae 1

mayfly 12

small fish 50

big fish 320

otter 5000

(i) Explain why the relative concentration of toxic substance is much higher in an otter than
a big fish.

otters eat many big fish / toxins accumulate in the body tissues of the otter /
toxins are not broken down / toxins are not excreted
[1]

(ii) The amount of toxic substance increases along the food chain.

What is this process called?

bioaccumulation [1]

(c) Write down one impact of increasing the concentration of toxic substances on an ecosystem.

loss of species / extinction of species / fewer top predators / reduction in biodiversity / otters die

[1]
 9

7 Look at the graphs about the volume of ice on Earth and global temperature change.

high

volume of ice
on Earth

low

3
global
temperature 0
change from
average –3
in °C
–6

450 400 350 300 250 200 150 100 50 0

time present
in thousands of years day

(a) Use information from the graphs to answer these questions.

(i) When was the highest global temperature?

125 thousand years ago [1]

(ii) Describe the relationship between the global temperature and the volume of ice on
Earth.

the higher the global temperature the lower the volume of ice on Earth

[1]
 10

(b) Climate and weather are two different things.

Which statements are about climate?

Tick () all the correct boxes.

average rainfall for a particular region

changes in the atmosphere during a 24-hour period

highest temperature recorded in a week

long-term temperature pattern in a given area

predicting when the next thunderstorm will happen

[2]
 11

8 Gold metal is used to make jewellery.

The purity of gold mixed with other metals is measured using a system called the carat rating.

The table shows the percentage of gold and the percentage of other metals in different carat
ratings.

minimum percentage of maximum percentage of other

carat rating
gold in the metal metals mixed with the gold
24 100.0 0.0
22 91.6 8.4
18 75.0 25.0
14 58.5 41.5
10 41.7 58.3

A piece of gold mixed with other metals has a mass of 200 g.

The mass of gold in this mixture is 86.5 g.

(a) Calculate the percentage of gold in the mixture.

percentage of gold 43.25 % [1]

(b) What is the carat rating for this mixture of gold and other metals?

carat rating 10 - 14 [1]

 12

9 Look at the graph showing how the average temperature of the surface of the Earth has
changed over the last 800 000 years.

average
temperature
in °C

last ice
age
800 000 700 000 600 000 500 000 400 000 300 000 200 000 100 000 0
time since present day present day
in years

(a) The last ice age is circled on the graph.

Circle a point on the graph when one other ice age happened.
[1]

(b) Describe the pattern shown in the average temperature of the surface of the Earth over
the past 800 000 years.

cyclic / fluctuating on a regular basis / constantly changing / goes up and down

[1]

(c) Changes in the percentage of some gases in the atmosphere cause climate change.

Name one gas that causes climate change.

carbon dioxide / methane / CO2 / CH4 / sulfur (VI) fluoride / oxides of nitrogen / water vapour
[1]
 13

10 Pure substances contain either one element or one compound.

Impure substances are mixtures.

(a) Draw diagrams to show a model of the molecules in pure water and in impure water.

A molecule of water is represented by

A molecule of sugar is represented by

pure water impure water

[2]

(b) Which word describes using a model?

Circle the correct answer.

analogy conclusion precision symbol

[1]
 14

11 This question is about energy resources.

(a) Look at the list of resources.

bioplastics

fossil fuels

tidal power

vegetable oil

solar power

Complete the table to group the resources into renewable and non-renewable resources.

renewable non-renewable

bioplastics fossil fuels

tidal power

vegetable oil

solar power

[2]

(b) Wind power and coal are resources used to generate electricity.

Describe two advantages of using wind power instead of coal to generate electricity.

1 wind power is renewable

wind power will not run out

2
it is a clean resource / it is a green resource
wind is ‘free’
no pollutants are produced during electricity generation [2]
all countries have wind power available and some countries do not have coal.
 15

Physics Year 8 questions:

1. Mustaf is flying on a plane from Australia to Canada. The two airports are 15 000 km apart. The
flight takes 20 hours. Calculate the average speed of the plane. Include the units for speed in your
answer. Show your working.

average speed = ………………………… units …………………… [3]

2. Zainab investigates the reflection of a light ray at a plane mirror. Look at her ray diagram.

a) Write down the name of the dotted line P in the diagram.

…………………………………………………………………………………………….. [1]
 16

b) Which row in the table identifies the angle of incidence and the angle of reflection in
Zainab’s diagram?

row …………………………………………… [1]

c) Zainab changes the angle of incidence and measures the angle of reflection. The table shows
the angles of incidence she uses. Complete the table to predict the angles of reflection.

d) Zainab uses a metal ray box connected to a power supply in her investigation. Write down
one safety hazard in Zainab’s investigation. Describe how she avoids this hazard.

safety hazard ………………………………………………………………………………..

description of how Zainab avoids the hazard

…………………………………………………………………………………………………

……………………………………………………………………………………………. [2]
 17

3. Lily and Kaswar play on a seesaw.

a) Lily sits at a distance of 1.5 m from the pivot.

Lily weighs 500 N. Calculate the moment of Lily’s weight about the pivot. Include the unit in
your answer.

moment of Lily’s weight = ……………..……. Unit ………..…………… [3]

b) Kaswar sits on the seesaw with Lily. Kaswar weighs 600 N. The seesaw is balanced.
Calculate the distance Kaswar sits from the pivot. Use ideas about the principle of moments.

distance from pivot ………………………… m [2]

 18

4. Space has many parts. Draw a straight line from each part to its correct description.

[3]

5. Lily investigates two filters. Look at the diagram.

What does Lily see on the screen? Circle the correct answer.

blue light no light white light yellow light [1]

 The Periodic Table of Elements
Group
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2

H He
hydrogen helium
Key 1 4
3 4 atomic number 5 6 7 8 9 10

Li Be atomic symbol B C N O F Ne
lithium beryllium name boron carbon nitrogen oxygen fluorine neon
7 9 relative atomic mass 11 12 14 16 19 20
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
Na Mg Al Si P S Cl Ar
sodium magnesium aluminium silicon phosphorus sulfur chlorine argon
23 24 27 28 31 32 35.5 40
19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36
K Ca Sc Ti V Cr Mn Fe Co Ni Cu Zn Ga Ge As Se Br Kr
potassium calcium scandium titanium vanadium chromium manganese iron cobalt nickel copper zinc gallium germanium arsenic selenium bromine krypton
39 40 45 48 51 52 55 56 59 59 64 65 70 73 75 79 80 84
37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54
19

Rb Sr Y Zr Nb Mo Tc Ru Rh Pd Ag Cd In Sn Sb Te I Xe
rubidium strontium yttrium zirconium niobium molybdenum technetium ruthenium rhodium palladium silver cadmium indium tin antimony tellurium iodine xenon
85 88 89 91 93 96 – 101 103 106 108 112 115 119 122 128 127 131
55 56 57–71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86
lanthanoids
Cs Ba Hf Ta W Re Os Ir Pt Au Hg Tl Pb Bi Po At Rn
caesium barium hafnium tantalum tungsten rhenium osmium iridium platinum gold mercury thallium lead bismuth polonium astatine radon
133 137 178 181 184 186 190 192 195 197 201 204 207 209 – – –
87 88 89–103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118
actinoids
Fr Ra Rf Db Sg Bh Hs Mt Ds Rg Cn Nh Fl Mc Lv Ts Og
francium radium rutherfordium dubnium seaborgium bohrium hassium meitnerium darmstadtium roentgenium copernicium nihonium flerovium moscovium livermorium tennessine oganesson
– – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – –

57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71
lanthanoids La Ce Pr Nd Pm Sm Eu Gd Tb Dy Ho Er Tm Yb Lu
lanthanum cerium praseodymium neodymium promethium samarium europium gadolinium terbium dysprosium holmium erbium thulium ytterbium lutetium
139 140 141 144 – 150 152 157 159 163 165 167 169 173 175
89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103
actinoids Ac Th Pa U Np Pu Am Cm Bk Cf Es Fm Md No Lr
actinium thorium protactinium uranium neptunium plutonium americium curium berkelium californium einsteinium fermium mendelevium nobelium lawrencium
– 232 231 238 – – – – – – – – – – –