 The colors of MUSIC Foxtrot The color red attracts the bull's focus in a

bullfight. The choreography of Paso Doble is based

- Blues is the genre of African-American "Jam." It on the character of the Torero (bullfighter) and his
originated from the deep south of the US where cape (the woman). It is a theatrical Latin dance with
most of the African slaves entered the country. Spanish origins about the Spanish bullfight. The
Characterized by blue notes, these sad-sounding dance first developed in France, hence the French
flatted tones usually make it distinct to hear. name: chassez cape (to chase the cape). It was
Walking bass/shuffles reinforce in trance-like incorporated into comedies, the Spanish infantry, and
rhythm and form a repetitive effect called then into bullfights.
groove.
- Soul music can be traced back to when African Popular music consists of music that is
entrepreneurs hired session musicians to serve famous at a certain time. A global phenomenon
the needs of black music. propelled by technological developments, Pop
- Gospel music evolved from Soul. When slavery
ended in 1865, Black Americans were not
music covers combinations of music forms,
welcome in white American churches, so they styles, and genres that vary each decade and
built their own chapels and sang Christian songs on every continent.
with African vocal styles.
Popular Music Styles and Genres
The Latin Instruments
Ragtime originated in the African-American
a. Bongos - a pair of small open-bottomed communities of St. Louis, Louisiana during the 1890s.
drums of different sizes This popular music with jazz elements has influences
b. Guiro - an empty gourd with a ragged from march music of the post-Romantic period, but
surface that produces a rasping sound when with a twist of syncopation or ragged African
scraped with a stick rhythms.
c. Ocarina - an ancient vessel flute consisting
of 4-12 finger holes and a mouthpiece Jazz combines Euro-African music elements and
projecting from its body improvisations, with a fixed rhythmic and harmonic
d. Conga - a tall, narrow, single-headed drum foundation. Louis Armstrong is one of the pioneers of
staved like barrels Jazz. According to music majors, Jazz is one of the
e. Claves - a pair of short wooden sticks that hardest music genres to play.
produce a bright clicking noise when struck
together Big Band consists of a more or less 17-person
f. Zampona - a pan-flute made up of a series ensemble consisting of five saxophones, four
of cane tubes bound together, open at one trumpets, four trombones, and a rhythm section of a
end and closed at the other drum set, bass, piano, and guitar. In order to play
organized music considering their number, a band
Latin-American Music Styles and Genres leader conducts them and communicates with the
audience.
Cumbia music in Colombia started as a courtship
dance performed among the slave communities and Bebop is a jazz singing style that started in the US
was later combined with European instruments. during the 20s. It was named after the very sound it
creates, and "Bebop" is one of them.
Tango is a ballroom dance developed by the urban
lower classes in Argentina and Uruguay and Rock and Roll emerged in the 1950s, combining
transformed into a distinctive cultural identity. It is blues, country, and folk music with mainstream rock
performed by a man and a woman, expressing music that everyone enjoyed.
romance in synchronized movements.
Soft rock or light rock is a form of pop rock that
Rumba originated from the word rumbear which originated in the late 60s in Southern California and
means good times, going to parties, and dancing. It the UK. The singers are usually the songwriters
used to be an intimate pantomime danced in a very themselves, creating simple retainable melodies with
fast manner with overstressed hip movements. An lavish productions.
aggressive and sensual personality.
Ballads are associated with literature and poetry,
Cha-cha is a lively, flamboyant, and flirtatious Cuban aside from music. A ballad in music is a song that
social dance. Its light and bubbly feel gives it a tells a story, which can be a sad or happy love song.
unique sense of fun and play.
Standards music offers improvisation and crossing
Bossa Nova originated in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. over of genres, where jazz standards can enter the
Famous for its "chill" sounds, its typical instruments pop repertoire, or blues standards can enter rock.
include the nylon guitar, plucked upright bass, and
piano. Hip-hop music was at its peak before the century
20th century ended.
Reggae started when Jamaican musicians heard New
Orleans RB through transistor radios. They developed Disco is beat-driven dance music born from the
their own up-tempo variation with skittering guitar invention of digital recording in the 70s, which
and syncopated rhythms called Ska. permitted pop music to expand even more.
Electronic sounds and synthesizers gave birth to Bird's eyeshot - An elevated view of an object from
subgenres like dance-pop and techno. above, with a perspective as though the observer
was a bird.
RnB is a descendant of many Afro-Latin and Pop
music genres, like Disco and Hip-hop. Zoom shot - The camera moves in on the subject.

Teen Pop has lyrics focused on teenage issues like Close-up or macro shot - Helps you see really close to
relationships, identity crisis, rebellion, fitting in, and the subject
growing up.
Soft focus shot - Gives the appearance of blurring
Alternative music started as underground rock band while retaining sharp edges. It is used to eliminate
music in the 80s and became popular in the 90s, blemishes and produce a dreamlike image.

 Gadget and Gizmos – ART  Different Subject Matters of Photography

1. Portraits - It is a record of what a person
Techonoly-Based Art looks like. mages are usually captured
- These were the times when a lot of artists placed closed up vertically, hence the word
their trust in emerging technology, brazenly "portrait" is provided in mobile camera
thinking that it is the road ahead, moving settings.
optimistically from one era to the next. 2. Landscape - It features the beauty of nature
or cityscapes. Images are usually captured
Computer/Digital Art horizontally for a wider view, hence the
- The artwork that involves the use of a computer. word "landscape" in mobile camera settings.
Here, the computer is a vital part of the creation 3. Genre - It focuses on everyday life, usually
of the presentation. people are included
4. Abstract - It enables simplified natural forms
Photography that are reduced to their most distinctive
- is the art and science of making images through aspects. Many abstract photos may seem
recording light. It involves the use of a camera. nonsense at first, but the title or caption
Photography is not just a hobby; it can also be a gives them a deeper meaning.
career.

Mobile Phone Art

- They are small-sized, lightweight, and user-  Filipino Photographers and Their Subjects
friendly, always ready where and when needed
the most. 1. Self-Expression - Using the power of the lens in
expressing one's self through unique and creative
Computer-Generated Images techniques is one way to go viral.
- Any image made with the use of a computer-
based program or processor. 2. Documentation - A photo can serve as proof of
almost anything we value in life. It can document our
 Photography Techniques norms and practices.
Tilt shot - Camera angle is slanted to one side for 3. Communication - A picture paints a thousand
dramatic effects and portray different feelings. words. It can speak emotions to viewers. Like music
or words, we can communicate through photographs.
Framing shot - Focuses on the image where you, the
photographer, wants to emphasize.  George Tapan
- Expresses emotions and stirs reality to create a
Wide-angle or panoramic shot - capture a sweeping subjective attitude and embiance.
view of your subject.
 John K. Chua
Backlighting shot - Light used comes from behind the - Best identified for his technical superiority an
subject. We also refer to this as "against the light" or knack for extremely challenging and dangerous
"Silhouette shot." photoshoots

Eye-level shot - Where the photographer is at the A. Food Photography If a restaurant or culinary
same height and angle as the subject. magazine wants a dish to look yummy, professional
food photographers know what is needed to make it
Panning shot - The camera follows the subject from sell-make food look tasty, prepared, served, and
left to right or right to left, blurring the backgrounds, packaged well.
and showing speed.
B. Fashion Photography.
High-angle shot - Looks down at the subject
A model does not need to always look at the
Freeze-frame shot - Captures fast movement using camera. In fact, the projection of a person is stronger
an ordinary camera. when looking somewhere else. A fashion
photographer takes over a photo shoot of models
showcasing clothes or accessories, edits them, and 7. Forward Lunge
markets the work to a print or broadcasting agency. 8. Crescent Lunge

C. Travel Photography Running

- It is one of the basic elements of most sporting
Travel is an exciting way to live life. The activities. Running is also an important
photographer brings home images of places, people, component of a sports training program. It is
and cultures to share with the world online. As travel also one way to improve one's Running fitness
became easier and cameras became handy, images status. More than flattening your stomach, it
taken from all over the world are shared every day, tones your muscles, gives energy, and may
either with business in mind or simply for personal extend your life. Running is one of the fitness
consumption. activities that can help to lower the risk of
developing lifestyle-related diseases like obesity,
D. Photojournalism heart disease, and diabetes.
A photograph shows us a moment always fading into
the past. What exists now may not exist later. This Some of the common problems
realization motivates photographers to capture 1. Heel Striking - It is one of the most common
images for newspapers, magazines, TV networks, problems faced by runners which may be caused
and news websites. Many pictures of photojournalists by incorrect body form, overrunning, stride
are melodramatic, if not disturbing, such as death, length, body weight, and the shoes they wear.
destruction, chaos, or socio-political issues.
2. Leaning Backwards - Over-striding and
 FIT AND ACTIVE – PE incorrect body position in running like leaning
backward and leaning too far in front may cause
Yoga is an ancient system of physical and mental landing intensely on your heels which may result
practices that originated during the Indus Valley in giving too much tension on your knees and
Civilization in South Asia. The fundamental purpose strain on the lower back of your body.
of yoga is to promote harmony in the body, mind,
and environment.

Different types of yoga 3. Lateral Arms - Your arms should not swing
across your body; if you continue doing this,
1. Hatha Yoga - This kind of yoga is best for there is a tendency for you would intensify the
individuals who are new to yoga. Being new to yoga, twisting and rotation of your body from the
you would prefer to be more on gentle, unhurried, shoulders, resulting in some difficulty in your
and meditative forms. It focuses on one pose at a joints
time with rest in between. This typically includes
basic yoga poses with deep breathing that focuses on 4. Pendulum Legs - Lifting your feet far from the
your breath and meditation. floor may result in giving more stress on the
hamstring.
2. Ashtanga Yoga - It is a structured form of yoga. It
involves a continuous structured sequence of posture Strength Training
with the breath. It is a more physical style of yoga
than hatha yoga. This yoga refers to the "eight limbs" - It is an exercise program geared toward the
of yoga. development of muscles. To build physical
strength, several materials can be used such as
3. Vinyasa Yoga - It is also called "flow" or "Vinyasa free weights, weight machines, resistance
flow." The postures in this yoga are usually done in a bands, and even a persons body weight like
smooth flowing sequence. This yoga is usually done push-ups, sit-ups, and squats. Advantages of
with a lot of movements that require endurance. strength training: Builds muscle; burns fat;
increases the level of bone density and
What are the different yoga poses? endurance, lowers cholesterol and improves
sleep; lessens the risk of chronic diseases like
arthritis, diabetes, osteoporosis obesity, back
1. Tadasana - Mountain Pose
pain, and depression.
2. Urdhva Hastasana- Raised Hand Pose
3. Uttanasana - Standing Forward Bend
4. Adho Mukha Svanasana - Downward-Facing
Dog.

Some of the Types of Strength Training

 Variation/Dynamic Pose of Vinyaga Yoga
1. Lifting Barbell
1. Warrior II - Weightlifting is an exercise that uses barbells
2. Triangle Pose and dumbbells that aims to develop strength
3. Half Moon Pose and build muscles. The weight of a barbell and
4. Standing Forward Bend Knee dumbbell can be adjusted depending on one's
5. Downward Facing Dog fitness level.
6. Downward Facing Dog Split 2. Doing Plank
- In strength training, body weight is a kind of 5. To the community - There will be better job
exercise where you are using the weight of your opportunities and extra resources like skills,
body as resistance or load, and it is considered money, time, and materials to share in the
the most practical and cheapest way of community.
exercising like planking. 6. To the country and the world - With the
exponential growth of population in the country
 Our Country’s Health Related Laws and the world, resources are rapidly depleted.

Responsible Parenthood and Reproductive Health Act Birth Control

of 2012 (RA 10354)
- As part of family planning, the husband and wife
- It is a law in the Philippines that guarantees will have to decide on the prevention of a birth
universal access to methods of contraception, of a child. This is where birth control comes in.
fertility control, sexual education, and maternal To prevent pregnancy; couples would have to
care. It is also informally known as the decide on a particular procedure, device, or
Reproductive Health Law or RH Law. medication that would prevent the chances of
pregnancy.
You must have heard countless times that the family
is the basic structure of society. Healthy families How are contraceptive methods selected?
make for a healthy country. Our country is
considered to be the "42nd most densely populated - Husbands and wives should consult health care
country, with a density of over 320 per square professionals. Contraceptive methods are then
kilometer" (Countries by Density 2020, World chosen on the bases of safe worthiness,
Population Review). Based on the projections of the reliability, reversibility, affordability, and
latest United Nations data, our country's current convenience in use.
population is around 110 million. By 2030, the
population is forecast to hit 125 million. 1. Consumer Act of the Philippines (RA 7394)
This law directly protects members of a family.
What is responsible parenthood? Also, this is a national policy that is aimed to
protect the interest of the consumers and buyers
- Parenthood is one of the most important duties of products and services. It also aims to set and
in our society. Parenthood means centering on maintain standards of conduct for both the
the needs of others besides one's own. business and industrial sectors.

What is reproductive health? This law provides consumers like you, your
parents, teachers, and classmates the following:
- It refers to the state of complete physical,
mental, and social well-being and not merely the 1. Protection against hazards to health and
absence of disease relating to the reproductive safety
system and its functions and processes. 2. Protection against deceptive and unfair
sales, acts, and practices
Family planning 3. Giving of information and education so
consumers can make sound choices and
- It is a program that provides information and a decisions.
means for couples and individuals to have the 4. Provision of adequate rights and means of
desired number of children that they can redress.
responsibly raise 5. Allowing consumers to be represented in the
making of social and economic policies.
What is the importance of family planning?
The 4 Government agencies
1. To mothers - Family planning gives mothers time - Department of Trade and Industry (DTI)
and opportunity to give sufficient attention to - Department of Agriculture (DA)
themselves, their families, and their - Department of Health (DOH)
communities - Department of Education (DepEd).
2. To children - Children get quality time and
attention from their parents; they also have
more opportunities to enjoy and feel secure
knowing that their needs such as food, clothing,
and good education are being provided.
3. To fathers - With few children to support, fathers What can a consumer do if they have a complain?
can have more time for themselves and their
wives and children. It also affords him the feeling - Identify the problem
of fulfillment. - Show Proofs and Purchase
4. To the family - Family members have more - Write a formal ltter/complaint
opportunities to enjoy each other's company. It - Report it to the proper authority
enables them to have savings that can be used
for emergencies and to improve their living
standards.
2. Traditional and Alternative Medicine Act of
1997 (RA 8423) e. Misuse of Devices - The use, production, sale,
It is a health care law that aims to promote and procurement, importation, distribution, or
provide affordable and effective traditional and otherwise making available, without righ.
alternative medicinal methods to Filipinos. The
creation of the Philippine Institute of Traditional f. Cybersquatting - The acquisition of a domain
and Alternative Health Care (PITAHC) was name over the Internet in bad faith to profit,
mandated by the very same law. mislead, destroy reputation, and deprive others
of registering the same, if such a domain name.
3. What is the Dangerous Drugs Act of 2002
(RA 9165)? Computer-Related Offenses
- The Comprehensive Dangerous Drugs Act of
2002 is a policy imposed by the government to
a. Computer-Related Forgery - The input,
deal with the state's problem with illegal drugs,
alteration, or deletion of any computer data
particularly how it affects the youth. This is one
without right resulting in inauthentic data
that needs to be taken seriously, especially by
b. Computer-Related Fraud - The unauthorized
young people because they still lack the
input, alteration, or deletion of computer data or
maturity and discernment of the importance of
program or interference in the functioning of a
following the laws of the country.
computer system, causing damage thereby with
- it does not allow plea bargaining. This means
fraudulent intent.
that once an offender is caught, he or she could
c. Computer-Related Identity Theft - The intentional
not make an arrangement with a prosecutor.
acquisition, use, misuse, transfer, possession,
With this, the defendant or the accused could
alteration, or deletion of identifying information
not plead guilty to a lesser charge. He or she
belonging to another, whether natural or
could not avoid a criminal trial. To make things
juridical, without right
worse, the probation law is not allowed for those
who violate this national law on dangerous drugs
Content-Related Offenses
or RA 9165.
- This law cover: trafficking, possession, using and
even the rehabilitation of the previous drugs. a. Cybersex - The willful engagement,
maintenance, control, or operation, directly or
a) Financier - any person who pays for, raises, or indirectly, of any lascivious exhibition of sexual
organs or sexual activity.
supplies money for or underwrites any of the
b. Child Pornography - The unlawful or prohibited
illegal activities. acts defined and punishable by Republic Act No.
b) Protector/Coddler - any person who knowingly 9775 or the Anti-Child Pornography Act of 2009,
and willfully consents to the violations and uses committed through a computer system.
his/her power, influence, or position to shield.
c) Pusher - any person who sells, trades, c. Unsolicited Commercial Communications - The
administers, dispenses, gives away on whatever transmission of commercial electronic
communications with the use of a computer
terms and acts as a broker in any transaction. system that seeks to advertise, sell, or offer for
sale products and services is prohibited.
4. Cybercrime Prevention Act of 2012 (RA
10175) It is a law that is aimed at addressing d. Libel - The unlawful or prohibited acts of libel as
legal issues concerning online interactions and defined in Article 355 of the Revised Penal Code,
the Internet in the Philippines. It is the first law in as amended, committed through a computer
the Philippines which specifically criminalizes system or any other similar means that may be
computer crime. devised in the future.
What are cybercrime offenses?

a. Illegal Access - The access to the whole or any

part of a computer system without the right to
do so.

b. Illegal Interception - The interception made by

technical means, and without right, of any
nonpublic transmission of computer data to. What are the government agencies that are tasked
to enforce and implement the law?
c. Data Interference - The intentional or reckless
alteration, damaging, deletion, or deterioration - National Bureau of Investigation (NI) and
of computer data, electronic documents, or Philippine National Police (PNP) are responsible
electronic data message, without right, including for the implementation of the provisions of this
the introduction or transmission of viruses. Act.
- The Department of Justice (DOJ) is responsible
for assisting in investigations ted toceedings
d. System Interference - The intentional alteration
concerning criminal offenses related to computer
or reckless hindering or interference with the
systems or data.
functioning of a computer or computer network
5. Anti-Child Pornography Act of 2009 (RA 9775)

- Pornography includes the following: publication,

exhibition, cinematography, indecent show,
information technology, or any representation of
a person engaged in real or simulated sexual
activities. It also includes any representation of
the sexual parts of a person primarily for sexual
excitement.
- Child pornography includes the use of a child in
pornographic performances and materials. It
also covers situations where a child is forced to
do pornographic acts.