KARNATAKUNIVERSITY,DHARWAD

KARNATAK UNIVERSITY, DHARWAD

PG Programme
B.Sc.Programme

***

M.A. IN ECONOMICS
DRAFTSYLLABUSFOR

CHEMISTRY

DISCIPLINE SPECIFICCurriculum
COURSE (DSC)

andDISCIPLINESPECIFICELECTIVE(DSE)

UNDER

With Effect from 2024-25

 KARNATAK UNIVERSITY, DHARWAD
Programme structure: Effective from 2024-25

DEPARTMENT OF STUDIES IN ECONOMICS

M.A. IN ECONOMICS
CHOICE BASED CREDIT SYSTEM

COURSE STRUCTURE (SCHEME), SYLLABUS,

RULES FOR POST-GRADUATE PROGRAMME

DISSERTATION GUIDELINES
And
MODEL QUESTION PAPER

IMPLEMENTED FROM THE ACADEMIC YEAR

2024-25 AND ONWARDS

2
 KARNATAK UNIVERSITY, DHARWAD
M.A.in ECONOMICS
With Effect from 2024-25
Marks
Type of

Credits
Instructi Total
Course
Sem.

Theory/ Duration
Course onhour/ hours / Summat
Practical Course of Exam Formati ive Total
Code week sem ve
Title
DSC 1 Theory B1ECO001T Micro Economics-Theory of Value 04 60hrs 03hrs 25 75 100 04
DSC 2 Theory B1ECO002T Macro Economics 04 60hrs 03hrs 25 75 100 04
DSC 3
Theory B1ECO003T Statistics for Economics 04 60hrs 03hrs 25 75 100 04
I DSC 4 Theory B1ECO004T Mathematics for Economics 04 60hrs 03hrs 25 75 100 04
DSC 5
Theory B1ECO005T Economics of Growth and Development 04 60hrs 03hrs 25 75 100 04
DSC 6
Theory B1ECO006T Agriculture Economics 04 60hrs 03hrs 25 75 100 04

150 450 600 24

DSC 7 Theory B2ECO001T Theory of Distribution and Welfare Economics 04 60hrs 03hrs 25 75 100 04
DSC 8 Theory B2ECO002T Monetary Economics 04 60hrs 03hrs 25 75 100 04
DSC 9 Theory B2ECO003T Data Sources for the Indian Economy 04 60hrs 03hrs 25 75 100 04
II
DSC 10 Theory B2ECO004T Basic Econometrics 04 60hrs 03hrs 25 75 100 04

DSC 11 Theory B2ECO005T Indian Economic Environment 04 60hrs 03hrs 25 75 100 04

OEC 1 Theory B2ECO206T Indian Economy 04 60hrs 03hrs 25 75 100 04

150 450 600 24

3
 Marks

Credits
Total
Sem. Instructi

Course
Type
Theory/ Duration
Course onhour/ hours / Summat
Practical Course of Exam Formati ive Total
Code sem

of
week ve
Title

DSC 12 Theory B3ECO001T Public Economics 04 60hrs 03hrs 25 75 100 04

DSC 13 Theory B3ECO002T International Trade and Finance 04 60hrs 03hrs 25 75 100 04
DSC 14 Theory B3ECO003T Research Methodology and Data Analysis 04 60hrs 03hrs 25 75 100 04
III
DSC 15 Theory B3ECO004T Indian Financial System, Markets and Instruments-I 04 60hrs 03hrs 25 75 100 04
DSE 1 Theory B3ECO105A Rural Development: Theory and Approach 04 60hrs 03hrs 25 75 100 04
DSE 2 Theory B3ECO105B Advanced Econometrics 04 60hrs 03hrs 25 75 100 04
DSE 3 Theory B3ECO105C Economics of Education 04 60hrs 03hrs 25 75 100 04
OEC 2 Theory B3ECO206T Indian Financial Markets and Instruments 04 60hrs 03hrs 25 75 100 04
150 450 600 24

DSC 16 Theory B4ECO001T Indian Public Finance 04 60hrs 03hrs 25 75 100 04

DSC 17 Theory B4ECO002T Economics of Regional Integration 04 60hrs 03hrs 25 75 100 04
DSC 18 Theory B4ECO003T Environmental Economics 04 60hrs 03hrs 25 75 100 04
IV
DSC 19 Theory B4ECO004T Indian Financial System Markets and Instruments-II 04 60hrs 03hrs 25 75 100 04
DSE 1 Theory B4ECO105A Rural Development in India: Institutions and Policy 04 60hrs 03hrs 25 75 100 04
DSE 2 Theory B4ECO105B Time Series Analysis and Modeling 04 60hrs 03hrs 25 75 100 04
DSE 3 Theory B4ECO105C Economics of Health 04 60hrs 03hrs 25 75 100 04
Project
DSC 20
work
B4ECO006P Dissertation 04 60hrs - 25 75 100 04

150 450 600 24

Total 600 1800 2400 96

*Each DSE theory shall have minimum two and maximum 3 papers and student shall select any one DSE each in 3rd and 4th semester.

4
 Programme Specific Outcomes
M.A. Economics Programme Outcomes

1 To impart in depth knowledge to students about economic theories, working of labour and
factor markets and how income generated and distributed.
2 Students would be able to apply economic theories and concepts to contemporary social
issues, as well as formulation and analysis of policy and recognize the role of ethical values
in economic decisions.
3 To give students in depth knowledge into special fields of choice like agricultural economics,
industrial economics, financial market, development economics, international trade, urban
economics, rural economics, economics of social sector, econometrics, mathematics and
statistics for economics
4 Familiarize the students about the how the economy is influenced by economic policy,
technological advances and demographic conditions.
5 In addition to the learning of advanced economic theory and its applications, provide a
competitive edge in State and Central Civil Services, NET/ SET exams etc

5
M A in Economics
First Semester
Syllabus

6
 Micro Economics-Theory of Value
Course Code:B1ECO001T Credits:04

Type of Course: DSC 1 Contact Hours:60

Course Objectives: The aim of this course is to familiarize the students with the economic behaviour
of individuals, firms and markets. It is also aims to analyze the various aspects of demand theory,
theory of production, price and output determination and the alternative theories of the firm.
Unit I: Demand and Supply Analysis Hours
1.1 Theories of Demand - Utility analysis – Indifference curves and their
applications - Revealed preference theory - Revision of demand theory by Hicks -
Lancaster’s approach to demand theory
1.2 Consumer’s choice involving risk - Recent developments in demand analysis -
(Pragmatic approach and Linear expenditure systems)
1.3 Elasticity of demand (Price, Cross, Income) - Theoretical aspects and 15
empirical estimation
1.4 Factors Influencing Supply - Changes in Supply - Supply Elasticity -
Determinants of Supply Elasticity
1.5 Market Determination of Price and Quantity - Equilibrium Supply and
Demand
Unit II: Theory of Production and Costs
2.1 Production function - Short-run and Long-run
2.2 Law of variable proportions – Isoquants - Least cost combination of inputs -
Returns to scale - multi-product firm
2.3 Elasticity of substitution - Technical progress and production function - Cobb-
15
Douglass - CES, VES and Translog production functions and their properties
2.4 Traditional and modern theories of costs - Economies of Scale and Economies
of Scope
2.5 Derivation of cost functions from production functions
Unit III: Price and Output Determination under Different Markets
3.1 Marginal analysis as an approach to price and output determination
3.2 Perfect competition - Short and long-run equilibrium of the firm and industry -
Supply curve
3.3 Monopoly - Short and long-run equilibrium - Price discrimination - Monopoly
control and regulation
15
3.4 Monopolistic competition - Equilibrium of the firm and the group with product
differentiation and selling costs - Excess capacity under monopolistic competition
3.5 Oligopoly - Non-collusive (Cournot, Bertrand, Edgeworth, Chamberlin,
Kinked Demand Curve and Stackelberg’s Solution) and Collusive (Cartels and
Mergers, Price Leadership and Basing Point Price System) Models
Unit IV: Alternative Theories of the Firm
4.1 Critical evaluation of marginal analysis; Baumol’s sales revenue maximization model;
4.2 Williamson’s model of managerial discretion;
4.3 Marris model of managerial enterprise; 15
4.4 Full cost pricing rule; Bain’s limit pricing theory
4.5 Sylos-Labini’s model; Behavioural model of the firm; Game theoretic models
Course Outcome:
1. Understand the economic behaviour of individual economic agents, consumers and firms
2. Analyse the process of price formation in different type of markets
7
 3. Apply the microeconomic tools to estimate demand, production, costs and profits of business
firms
Reading List:
1. Baumol, W. J. (1995): Economic Theory and operations Analysis, Prentice Hall, New York.
2. Browning, E.K. and J. M. Browning (1998): Microeconomics: Theory and Applications,
Kalyani Publisher, New Delhi.
3. Gravelle, Hugh and Ray Rees (2011): Micro Economics, Pearson Education Ltd, New Delhi.
4. Koutsoyiannis, A. (2000): Modern Microeconomics, (2ndEdition), Macmillan Press, London.
5. Kreps, David .M. (1990): A Course in Micro Economic Theory, Princeton University
Press,New Jersey.
6. Layard, P. R. G. and A.W.Walters (1978): Micro Economic Theory, McGraw Hill, New
York.
7. Pindyck, Robert S., Daniel L. Rubinfield and Prem L. Mehta (2009): Microeconomics
(Seventh Edition), Pearson Education, New Delhi.
8. Salvatore, Dominick (2003): Micro Economics Theory & Applications, Oxford University
Press, Inc. 198 Madison Avenue. New York.
9. Sen, Anindya (1999): Micro Economic Theory and Applications, Oxford University Press,
New Delhi.
10. Stigler, G. (1996): Theory of Price, (4th Edition), Prentice Hall of India, New Delhi.
11. Varian, H. (2000): Micro Economic Analysis, W.W.Norton, New York.
12. Walter, Nicholson (1978): Microeconomic Theory, The Dryden Press, London.
(Note: Refer latest reference books)

8
 Macro Economics
Course Code: B1ECO002T Credits: 04

Type of Course: DSC 2 Contact Hours: 60

Course Objectives: The objective of this paper is to study the macro indicators measuring economic
development and provide an in-depth understanding of national income accounts. It also aims to
study the macro theories of employment, consumption and investment functions and equilibrium of
real and money market
Unit I: National Accounts System Hours
1.1 UN system of accounts, India’s Accounting system, Green Accounting
1.2 Measurement of Macro Variables and Economic Performance
1.3 Important Concepts: GNP, GDP, NNP, NDP, NI, PI, DPI 15
1.4 Real GDP versus Nominal GDP - GDP Deflator
1.5 Methods of estimation of National Income
Unit II: Theories of Employment
2.1 The Classical Theory of Employment: Say’s Law of Markets and Quantity
Theory of Money;
2.2 Classical Full Employment Equilibrium; Savings, Investment and Rate of
Interest; Wage-Price Flexibility as a Remedy for Unemployment;
2.3 Policy Implications of the Classical Equilibrium Model; A Critique of the
Classical Theory of Employment and Income; 15
2.4 Keynesian Macro Economics- Before Keynes, Keynesian Revolution, and
after Keynes; Keynesian Theory of Employment: Concept of Underemployment
Equilibrium;
2.5 Role of Aggregate Demand and Aggregate Supply Functions; Principle of
Effective Demand
Unit III: Consumption Function and Investment Function
3.1 Consumption Function and its Determinants: Implications of Consumption
Function;
3.2 Alternative Theories of Consumption Behaviour - Irving Fischer and Inter-
temporal Choice and the Life-Cycle Hypothesis
3.3 Investment Function and its Determinants: Business Fixed Investment,
15
Residential Investment
3.4 Inventory Investment - Equilibrium Income and Output in Simple Two Sector
Model, Three Sector and Four Sector Models;
3.5 Multiplier and Accelerator Analysis; Relevance and Critique of Keynesian
Macroeconomics.
Unit IV: Equilibrium Analysis for Real and Money Markets
4.1 Keynesian Model; Interaction of Real and Monetary Sectors of the Economy –
4.2 Keynesian Version of the IS-LM Model – Neo-Classical version of the IS-LM
Model;
4.3 Fiscal and Monetary Policy Analysis in an IS-LM Model; IS-LM Model with
Government Sector – 15
4.4 Policy Analysis in a Keynesian Model – Policy Analysis in a Neo-Classical
Model
4.5 Fiscal Policy and Crowding out – The Role and Relative Effectiveness of
Fiscal and Monetary Policy
Course Outcome:
1. The objectives of this paper are to study the macroeconomic measurement
9
 indicators.
2. To study the importance of national income and economic development.
3. To understand various types of national income accounts.
4. To have in-depth understanding of theories of employment and determination
of output and income
Reading List:
1. Ackeley G. (1978): Macro Economics: Theory and Policy, McMillan, New York.
2. Blackhouse, R and A. Salansi (Eds) (2000): Macro Economics and the Real World, OUP,
London.
3. Branson, W.A. (1989): Macro Economic Theory and Policy, Harper and Row, New York.
4. Dornbusch, R and F. Stanley (1997): Macro Economics, McGraw Hill, New York.
5. Edward Shapiro (1996): Macro Economic Analysis, Galgotia Publications, New Delhi.
6. Frisch, H. (1983): Theories of Inflation, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
7. Gupta, R.D.and Rana A.S. (1998): Post-Keynesian Economics, Kalyani Publishers,
Ludhiana.
8. Gordon, R. and Harris S.G. (1998): Macro Economics, Addison Wesley
10. Jha, R. (1999): Contemporary Macro Economic Theory and Policy, New AgeInternational,
New Delhi.
11. Reddy, Y. V. (2000): A Review of Monetary and Financial Sector Reforms in India, UBSPD,
New Delhi.
12. Romer, D.L. (1996): Advanced Macro Economics, McGraw Hill, New York.

13. R.T. Froyen (2014) Macroeconomics: Theories and Policies, Pearson, New Delhi
14. N. Gregory Mankiw, 2015, Macroeconomics , Macmillan, New Delhi
15. R. Dornbusch, S. Fishser, R.Startz, 2020, Macroeconomics, Mcgraw Hill, New Delhi
16. Frederic S. Mishkin, 2016,Macroeconomics: Policy & Practice. Pearson, New Delhi
17. Annual Report, Reserve Bank of India, Mumbai
(Note: Refer latest reference books)

10
 Statistics for Economics
Course Code: B1ECO003T Credits: 04

Type of Course: DSC 3 Contact Hours: 60

Course Objectives: The objective of this paper is to provide basic inputs of applied statistics, equip
the students with the probability distribution, hypothesis testing and data analysis techniques like
correlation, regression and time series analysis
Unit I: Introduction to Statistics Hours
1.1 Types of Data - Nominal, Ordinal & Ratio Scale Data. Qualitative and
Quantitative Data, Individual, Discrete and Continuous Data. Cross Section, Time
Series and Pooled Data.
1.2 Sources of Data; Descriptive Statistics and Inferential Statistics.
15
1.3 Sources of Data- Primary and Secondary Data; Schedules and Questionnaires;
1.4 Sampling- Meaning, Sampling Techniques-Simple Random, Stratified and
Systematic Random Sampling Methods;
1.5 Tabulation and Frequency Distribution
Unit II: Measures of Average, Dispersion, Correlation, Regression and
Time series
2.1 Measurement of Average - Arithmetic Mean, Geometric Mean, Harmonic
Mean,
2.2 Median and Mode.
2.3 Measures of Dispersion, Standard Deviation, CV, Skewness and Kurtosis 15
2.4 Correlation and Regression Analysis
2.5 Time series analysis- Nature and Components; Analysis of Trend - Moving
Average Method and Least-Square Method
Unit III: Probability and Distribution
3.1 Probability Theory - Concepts and Approaches to Estimate Probability
3.2 Probability Distribution Functions
3.3 Theoretical Distribution: Binomial and Poisson 15
3.4 Normal Distribution,
3.5 t, Chi-Square and F Distribution.
Unit IV: Inferential Statistics
4.1 Theory of Estimation and Hypothesis Testing;
4.2 Concept of Estimator - Sampling Distribution of Estimator, Point and Interval
Estimation, Properties of Good Estimator for Small and Large Samples;
4.3 Hypothesis Testing: Approaches to Hypothesis Testing; - Confidence Interval
Approach, Test of Significance Approach, and P-Value Approach; 15
4.4 Formulation of Hypothesis - Null and Alternative Hypothesis; Level of
Significance - One Sided and Two-Sided Hypothesis - Type-I and Type-II Error;
Test Statistic- Critical Value
4.5 Parametric and Non-Parametric Tests.
Course Outcome:
1. An understanding of how to think about, evaluate and draw conclusions from economic data
by applying statistical techniques.
11
 2. Familiarize the statistical concepts that are widely used in Econometrics and Research in
Economics
3. Familiarise and understand the students on statistical concepts including Sampling methods,
classification of data, measurement of central tendency and dispersion, theory of probability
distribution and sampling distribution.
4. To make them understand statistical inferences, correlation and regression analysis, time
series and index number.
Reading List:
1. Anderson, Sweeney & Williams (2007): Statistics for Business & Economics,9th Edition,
Thomson South-Western, Bangalore.
2. Bose, D. (2018): An Introduction to Mathematical Economics, Himalaya Publishing House,
Pvt. Ltd. Mumbai.
3. Goon, A. M., M. K. Gupta and B. Dasgupta (1968): Fundamentals of Statistics,
4. Gupta, B.N. (1992): Statistics Theory and Practice, Sahitya Bhavan, Agra.
5. Gupta, S. C. (2016): Fundamentals of Statistics, Himalaya Publishing House, Bombay.
6. Gupta, S. P. (2014): Statistical Methods, S. Chand & Company, New Delhi,(43rd Edition)
7. Gupta, S.C. and Kapoor, V. K. (2016): Fundamentals of Applied Statistics, Sultan Chand &
Sons, New
8. Mehta and Madnani (2017): Mathematics for Economists, Sultan Chand and Sons, New
Delhi.
9. Monga, G. S. (2015): Mathematics and Statistics for Economics, Second Revised Edition,
Vikas Publishing House, Pvt. Ltd. New Delhi.
10. Nagar, A. L. and R. K. Das (1997): Basic Statistics, Oxford University Press,
New Delhi
11. Salvatore, D. (2015): Mathematics and Statistics, Schaum’s Series, Tata McGraw Hill.
12. Veerachamy, R. (2005): Quantitative Methods for Economics, New Age International (P)
Ltd., New Delhi.
13. Yamane Toro (1967): Statistics - An Introductory Analysis, Harper and Row Publishers,
New York.
(Note: Refer latest reference books)

12
 Mathematics for Economics
Course Code: B1ECO004T Credits: 04

Type of Course: DSC 4 Contact Hours: 60

Course Objectives: To learn the mathematical tools and concepts that aid in analysing economic
optimisation
Unit I: Set Theory Hours
1.1 Sets- Meaning, Forms of Sets; Set operations- Union of sets, Intersection of
sets, Disjoint- Properties of Set Operations
1.2 Set Finite and Infinite Sets, denumerable and non-denumerable sets.
1.3 Relations and Functions- Cartesian Product, Relations and Functions, Linearly 15
Ordered Sets
1.4 Functions and Limits - Limit of a function,
1.5 Functions and Limits - continuity-Necessary and sufficient conditions.
Unit II: Vectors and Matrices
2.1 Vectors, Vector Spaces, Linear Dependence, Basis.
2.2 Concept of Matrix– Types of Matrices, Minor and Cofactors, Rank of a
Matrix, Inverse of a Matrix;
15
2.3 Determinants– its Properties, Second and Third-Order Determinants,
2.4 Solution of Simultaneous Equations by using Crammer’s Rule,
2.5 Introduction to Input-Output techniques.

Unit III: Differentiation and Integration

3.1 Differentiation: Rules of differentiation:
3.2 Total derivatives and Partial derivatives.
3.3 Maxima and minima, points of inflexion
15
3.4 Integration: Reimann integral, Fundamental Theorem of the calculus,
Techniques of integration and Definite integrals.
3.4 Applications in economics: Theory of the firm (cost) and Growth

Unit IV: Optimisation

4.1 Unconstrained and Constrained Optimisation

4.2 Problems of Optimization - Linear programming for Optimization -Meaning,
Assumptions
4.3 Applications of Linear Programming - Basic Linear Programming Concepts -
15
Solving Linear Programming Problem
4.4 Profit Maximization - Linear Programming and Cost Minimization - Graphical
Solution
4.5 Simplex Method

13
Course Outcome:
1. Students will be familiar with the maxima, minima, elasticity, decide the optimal level of
production for a firm.
2. Demonstrate the rules of differentiation, calculating integration, describe the importance
and application
3. Demonstrate knowledge of basic techniques most commonly used in economic problems
Reading List:
1. Allen, R.G.D. (1974): Mathematical Analysis for Economists, Macmillan Press, New Delhi.
2. Barry, Bressler (2001): A unified Introduction to Mathematical Economics, McGaw Hill, New
Delhi.
3. Black J. and J.F. Bradley (1973): Essential Mathematics for Economists, John Wiley & Sons.
London.
4. Chaing, A.C. (1986): Fundamental Methods of Mathematical Economics, McGraw Hill, New
York.
5. Edward T. Dowling (1992): Introduction to Mathematical Economics, Schaum’s Outline Series
Tata Mc Graw Hill, New Delhi.
6. Mehta, B. C. and G.M.K Madnani (2004): Elementary Mathematics in Economics, Laxkshmi
Narain Agarwal, Agra.
7. Mike Rosser and Piotr Lis (2016): Basic Mathematics for Economists, Routledge, New York.
8. Monga, G.S. (1972): Mathematics and Statistics for Economists, Vikas Publishing House, New
Delhi.
9. Veerachamy, R. (2002): Quantitative Methods for Economists, New Age International
Publishers, Bangalore.
10. Yamane, Taro (1975): Mathematics for Economists, PHI, New Delhi.
(Note: Refer latest reference books)

14
 Economics of Growth and Development
Course Code: B1ECO005T Credits:04

Type of Course: DSC 5 Contact Hours:60

Course Objectives: The aim of this course is to study the several concepts and measurement of
development and study the concept and measurement of poverty and income distribution, and
Growth and Development Models. It also aims to analyze the impact of Growth Models on output,
income and employment both in developed and developing countries
Unit I: Economic Development: An Overview Hours
1.1 Economic Development - Sustainable Development
1.2 Ethics and Economic Development – Importance of Development Economics;
1.3 Measurement of Economic Development 15
1.4 Concept of Human Development - Human Development Index
1.5 Human Capability Approach to Development
Unit II: Theory of Poverty and Income Distribution
2.1 Growth and Distribution Justice - Kuznet’s Hypothesis;
2.2 Poverty and its Measurement - Poverty Alleviation Measures;
2.3 Convergence and Divergence Economic Theories; 15
2.4 Development Gap - Causes, Consequences and
2.5 Measures to Reduce Development Gap
Unit III: Grand Theories of Economic Growth and Development
3.1 Classical Theory of Economic Development and its Salient Features
3.2 Adam Smith’s Theories of Growth and David Ricardo’s Theories of Growth
3.3 Karl Marx: Growth and Decay of Capitalism;
3.4 Theory of Social Change, Surplus Value Theory, Reserve Army and 15
Materialistic Interpretation of History;
3.5 Schumpeter’s Growth Theory: Capitalistic Development, Crisis in Capitalism,
Innovation, Degeneration of Capitalism - Structural Analysis of Development
Unit IV: Neo-Classical and Partial Theories of Economic Growth and
Development
4.1 J.E. Meade’s Growth Model; Harrod- Domar Model; Mrs. Joan Robinson’s
Model
4.2 Cambridge Criticism of Neo-Classical Growth Model
4.3 Salient Features of Partial Theories; Vicious Circle of Poverty - Theory of
Circular Cumulative Causation; Lewis Model;
15
4.4 Big-push and Critical Minimum Effort Thesis; Balanced and Unbalanced
Growth Theories; Dualistic Theories - Dixit - Marglin Models –
4.5 Dependency Theory of Development; Two Sector Model of Uzawa;
Endogenous Growth Models - Romar-Lucas Model.

Course Outcome:
1. Economics of Growth and Development helps to understand the several concepts and
measurement of economic growth and development,
2. Students have the knowledge on growth and distributive Justice-poverty measurement and
income distribution and their value, development
15 gap, causes, consequences and measures to
 reduce development gap.
3. Compare the classical and neo-classical growth and development models etc; analyse the
impact on output, income and employment both in developed and developing countries.
4. It also demonstrates the experience of success and failure in the economies of different
regions of the world.
Reading List:
1. Adelman, Irma (1961): Theories of Economic Growth and Development, Stanford University
Press, Stanford, USA.
2. Branko, Milanovic (2016): Global Inequality: A New Approach for the Age of Globalization,
Harvard University Press, Cambridge.
3. Higgins, Benjamin (1968): Economic Development: Theory, Principles and History, W. W.
Norton, New York, USA.
4. Meier Gerald M. (2005): Leading Issues in Economic Development, Oxford University Press,
New York, USA.
5. Ray, Debraj (1998): Development Economics, Princeton University Press, New Jersey.
6. Rogers, Peter P. and K. F. Jalal and J. A. Boyd (2005): Sustainable Development, The
Continuing Education Division, Harvard University and Glen Educational Foundation,
Harvard.
7. Srivastava, O. S. (1996): Economics of Growth, Development and Planning, Vikas
Publishing House Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi.
8. Thrilwal, A. P. (2006): Growth and Development, 6th Edition, West Press Ltd., New Delhi.
9. Todaro, Michael. P. (1989): Economic Development in the Third World, 4th Edition, Orient
and Longman, London.
(Note: Refer latest reference books)

16
 Agriculture Economics
Course Code: B1ECO006T Credits:04

Type of Course: DSC 6 Contact Hours:60

Course Objectives: The aim of agriculture economics is to intend to highlight some of the central
aspects of the Agricultural Economics. It deals with the important aspects and role of agriculture in
a growing economy; discusses the farm-size productivity relationship and supply price of
agricultural factor markets, bringing out the Inter-linkages involved therein.
Unit I: Introduction Hours
1.1 Agriculture Economics – Meaning-Definitions- Its Nature and Scope
1.2 Agriculture and economic development – Interdependence and
complementarities between agriculture and industry
15
1.3 Need for balanced development- Farming systems
1.4 Role of Land, Labour and Capital in Farming
1.5 Commercialization of Agriculture
Unit II: Theories and Agricultural Development Policies
2.1 Theories and Models of agricultural development : Theories of Mellor,
Boserup, Lewis,
2.2 Theories and Models of agricultural development : Fei-Ranis, Cobweb model,
Dale Jorgenson and Schultz 15
2.3 Agricultural price policy – agriculture trade policy
2.4 Sustainable Agriculture in India
2.5 Farm Budgeting
Unit III: Farm Management, Risk and Uncertainty
3.1 Farm Management and Sustainable Agriculture- Farm management -
Definition, Objectives and Scope-
3.2 Problems in Farm Management-
3.3 Farm Management Principles and its Limitations
15
3.4 Sustainable Agriculture- Need for sustainable agriculture – 4Strategies of
Sustainable Agriculture-Approaches to sustainable agriculture.
3.5 Risk and Uncertainty in Agriculture-Measures to minimize risk and
uncertainty.
Unit IV: Agriculture in India
4.1 Agricultural Growth in India - pre and post-Independence Period
4.2 agricultural price support, subsidy, credit, land Reforms Agrarian distress and
reforms
4.3 Changes in agrarian structure in India, Bio-Technology - Trends and issues, 15
4.4 Organic Farming - Present status and Future,
4.5 Contract Farming, Agricultural Management – Concept, Recent trends and
Problems-Food Security in India

17
Course Outcome:
1. Agriculture economics helps to understand the nature and scope of agriculture economics,
importance, its modernization, relation with other sector and it also proved with some
theories.
2. It analyses the agricultural production and productivity, efficiency in traditional agriculture
and their value, resource combination and substitution, cost concepts and supply curves,
laws of returns, farm budgeting,
3. It demonstrates the growth trends in five-year plans, variations in output and productivity,
cropping pattern, public investment and capital formation, technological progress, food
security and sustainable agriculture.
4. It provides the knowledge on Institutional and technological change in Indian agriculture and
agriculture marketing, state policy, terms of trade between agriculture and non-agriculture
prices and international trade.
Reading List:
1. Bagchi, K. K. (Ed.) (2008): Agrarian Crisis, Farmers’ Suicides, and Livelihood Security of
Rural Labour in India, Abhijeet Publications, Delhi.
2. Bhaduri, A. (1984): The Economic Structure of Backward Agriculture, Macmillan, Delhi.
3. Bhalla, G.S. and Gurmail Singh (2001): Economic Liberalization and Indian Agriculture,
Sage Publication, Pvt. Ltd. Delhi.
4. Bilgrami, S.A.R. (1996): Agricultural Economics, Himalaya Publishing House, Delhi.
5. Dantwala, M. L. (1991): Indian Agricultural Development since Independence, 2nd
(Revised) Edition, Oxford and IBH, New Delhi.
6. Gulati, A. and T. Kelly (1999): Trade Liberalisation and Indian Agriculture, Oxford
University Press, New Delhi.
7. Kahlon, A.S. and Tyagi D.S. (1983): Agriculture Price Policy in India, Allied
Publishers, New Delhi.
8. Lekhi, R.K. and Joginder Singh. (2015): Agricultural Economics, Kalyani Publishers, New
Delhi.
9. Rao, C. H. Hanamantha (2006): Agriculture, Food Security, Poverty, and Environment,
Oxford University Press, New Delhi.
10. Rao, C. H. Hanumatha (1994): Agricultural Growth, Rural Poverty and Environmental
Degradation in India, Oxford University Press, New Delhi.
11. Rudra, A. (1982): Indian Agricultural Economics: Myths and Reality, Allied Publishers,
New Delhi.
12. Saini, G.R. (1979): Farm Size, Resource Use Efficiency and Income Distribution,
Allied Publishers, New Delhi.
13. Sankaran, S. (1973): Agricultural Economy of India, Progressive Corporation Private Ltd.,
Bombay.
14. Swaminathan, M. S. (2007): Agriculture Cannot Wait: New Horizons in Indian Agriculture,
Academic Foundation, New Delhi.
(Note: Refer latest reference books)

18
M A in Economics
Second Semester
Syllabus

19
 Theory of Distribution and Welfare Economics

Course Code: B2ECO001T Credits: 04

Type of Course: DSC 7 Contact Hours: 60

Course Objectives: This is to introduce the students to understand the theories of distribution with
reference to rent, wages, interest and social welfare function. The course also aims to introduce
students to general and partial equilibrium theories, welfare economics.
Unit I: Theory of Distribution Hours
1.1 Functional v/s personal distribution - Neoclassical Approach
1.2 Marginal Productivity Theory– Factor pricing in perfectly competitive markets
The demand and supply for labour and determination of factor price
1.3 Theory of distribution in imperfect product and factor markets
15
1.4 Technical progress and factor shares - Product exhaustion theorem
Determination of Rent, Wages, Interest and Profit
1.5 Macro-Theories of Distribution – Marx - Kalecki degree of monopoly and
Kaldor theory
Unit II: General Equilibrium
2.1 Interdependence in the Economy - Partial and General Equilibrium Analyses
2.2 Walrasian Excess Demand and Input - Output Approaches to General
Equilibrium - Existence, Uniqueness and Stability of Equilibrium
2.3 Static Properties of General Equilibrium State: Equilibrium of Production and
Equilibrium of Consumption - General Equilibrium and Allocation of Resources 15
2.4 Prices of Commodities and Factors - Factor Ownership and Income
Distribution
2.5 Relationship between Relative Commodity and Factor Prices (Stolper-
Samuelson Theorem)
Unit III: Welfare Economics
3.1 Pigovian welfare economics; Pareto optimal conditions;
3.2 Social welfare function; Compensation principle;
3.3 Inability to obtain optimum welfare — Imperfections, market failure,
decreasing costs, uncertainty and non-existent and incomplete markets; 15
3.4 Theory of Second Best — Arrow’s impossibility theorem;
3.5 Rawl’s theory of justice, equity-efficiency trade off.

Unit IV: Economics of Uncertainty

4.1 Individual behaviours towards risk - Expected utility and uncertainty -
Equivalence approaches
4.2 Risk and risk aversion - Sensitivity analysis - Gambling and insurance
4.3 Economics of insurance - Cost and risk - Risk pooling and risk spreading 15
4.4 Mean variance analysis and Portfolio selection-
4.5 Optimal consumption under uncertainty

20
Course Outcome:
1. Understand the process of the determination of factor prices;
2. Analyse the conditions for maximizing social welfare and identify the barriers to attain
maximum welfare;
3. Design consumption and investment strategies in a state of uncertainty; and

Reading List:
1. Borch, K.H. (1968): The Economics of Uncertainty, Princeton University Press, Princeton.
2. Broadway, R. W. and N. Bruce (1984): Welfare Economics, Basil Blackwell, London.
3. Brofen Brenner, M. (1979): Income Distribution Theory, Macmillan, London.
4. Dacosta, G.C. (1980): Production Prices and Distribution, Tata McGraw Hill, New Delhi.
5. Diamond and Rothschild (Eds) (1978): Uncertainty in Economics, Academic Press, New
York.
6. Graff, J. De. V. (1957): Theoretical Welfare Economics, Cambridge University Press,
Cambridge.
7. Hirshelifer, J. and A. Glazer (1997): Price Theory and Applications, Prentice Hall of India.
8. Koutsoyiannis. A. (1979): Modern Micro Economics, Macmillan Press, London.
9. Mishan, E. J. (1969): Welfare Economics: An assessment, North Holland., Amsterdam.
10. Qurk, J.and R Saponnik (1968): Introduction to General Equilibrium and Welfare
Economics, McGraw Hill, New York
11. Pindyck, R.S.and D. Rubenfield (1995): Micro Economics Prentice Hall of India, New
Delhi.
12. Salvatore, Dominick (2003): Micro Economics Theory & Applications, Oxford University
Press, Inc. 198 Madison Avenue. New York.
13. Sen, Anindya (1999): Micro Economics: Theory and Applications, Oxford University Press,
New Delhi.
14. Weintrub, E. R. (1974): General Equilibrium Theory, McMillan, London.

(Note: Refer latest reference books)

21
 Monetary Economics
Course Code: B2ECO002T Credits: 04

Type of Course: DSC 8 Contact Hours: 60

Course Objectives: This paper aims to study the theories on demand for and supply of money,
Money market, capital Market, banking and monetary policy.
Unit I: Demand for Money Hours
1.1 Quantity theories of money – Fisher and Cambridge
1.2 Keynesian monetary theory
1.3 James Tobin’s portfolio analysis of money demand 15
1.4 Don Patinkin`s Integration – Real Balance Effect
1.5 Milton Friedman’s reformulated quantity theory.

Unit II: Supply of Money

2.1 Introduction: Evolution and Functions of Money
2.2 Types and determinants of money supply
2.3 Money multiplier 15
2.4 Theories of interest rate
2.5 Classical – Keynes – Hicks – Hansen.
Unit III: Money and Capital Market
3.1 Money and Capital Market: Classification and Structure
3.2 Money and capital market: Features and Instruments
3.3 Role of financial intermediaries 15
3.4 Effects of financial intermediation
3.5 Non-banking financial institutions – Gurley and Shaw theory.
Unit IV: Banking and Monetary Policy
4.1 Banking: Functions of Commercial banks - Credit creation – process and
limitations
4.2 Role of Commercial banks after nationalization – after reforms –
4.3 Role of RBI – Regulation of money supply and credit –
4.4 Narashimham Committee Reports – 1991 and 1998 – Raguram Rajan 15
Committee Report – 2007 – Demonetisation of money.
4.5 Monetary Policy: Objectives and Instruments of Monetary policy –
Limitations of monetary policy - Monetarism and Keynesianism – Comparison -
Supply side policies.

Course Outcome:
1. To list out and outline the theories of money.
2. To explain, construct and distinguish various determinate of money supply and multiplier
3. To explain and evaluate the financial markets
4. To define, illustrate and discuss the banking sector
5. To interpret and make use of monetary policy

22
Reading List:
1. Jhingan, M.L. (2005), Monetary Economics[Konark Publication, New Delhi].
2. Sundaram, K.P.M.(2003), Money, Banking and International Trade[Vikas, New Delhi].
3. Vaish, M.C. (2004), Money, Banking and International Trade [New Age International, New
Delhi].
4. Gupta, R.D. (1995), Keynes and Post Keynesian Economics [Kalyani Publishers, New
Delhi].
5. Basil J. Moore (1965), An Introduction to the Theory of Finance [Oxford University Press].
6. Basu, S.K. (1975), Recent Banking Development[Chand and Co., New Delhi].
7. Johnson Harry (1957), Essays in Monetary Economics [George Allen Unwin].
(Note: Refer latest reference books)

23
 Data Sources for the Indian Economy
Course Code: B2ECO003T Credits: 04

Type of Course: DSC 9 Contact Hours: 60

Course Objectives: To learn the different sources of data available in the public domain both in
India and globally. This will cover different domains of data requirements for economics research.
Students would learn the extent and limitations of different data sources.

Unit I: Macroeconomic Data Source Hours

1.1 Sources of the Government of India – Ministry of Finance,

1.2 Reserve Bank of India,
1.3 Niti Ayog
15
1.4 Sources of Multilateral agencies – World Bank, International Financial
Statistics, United Nations
1.5 Private Sources – CMIE, EPWRF
Unit II: Microeconomic Data Sources
2.1 Sources of the Government of India – National Sample Organisation (NSSO
data),
2.2 Ministries of Govt. of India, Census of India,
15
2.3 Annual Survey of Industries, NFHS
2.4 Sources of Multilateral agencies – Living Standards
2.5 Private Sources – CMIE, IHDS, NCAER, IIPS, EPWRF
Unit III: International Trade Data Sources
3.1 Sources of the Government of India – Government of India (DGCIS, Ministry
of Commerce, RBI)
3.2 Sources of Multilateral agencies – United Nations (COMTRADE, WITS,
UNCTAD, UNEP), 15
3.3 World Bank (WDI),
3.4 IMF (DOTS), WTO
3.5 Private Sources – CMIE, EPWRF, WTC, GTAP, CEIC
Unit IV: Public Finance, and Natural Resources
4.1 Sources of the Government of India – Finance Commission reports,
4.2 Budget of the government of India and state governments,
4.3 MOSPI, MOEFCC, RBI, DPSE 15
4.4 Sources of Multilateral agencies – IBRD, UNEP, IPCC
4.5 Private Sources – CMIE, EPWRF

Course Outcome:
1. Students will know how to access data from open-domain data sources
2. It will help the students undertake empirical research in a fruitful manner

24
Reading List:
1. NSSO (2001) Concepts and Definitions Used in NSS, National Sample Survey Organisation,
Ministry of Statistics & Programme Implementation, Government of India,
https://mospi.gov.in/documents/213904/0/concepts_golden.pdf/e98fc072-8660-edd9-f179-
ce95674f4ca5?t=1615539414160
2. Egger, Peter and Wolfmayr, Yvonne (2014) What Economists Should Know About
International Goods Trade Data, WIFO Working Papers No. 475, Austrian Institute of
Economic Research (WIFO), Vienna https://www.econstor.eu/handle/10419/129020
3. Donaldson,Dave and Adam Storeygard (2014) The View from Above: Applications of
Satellite Data in Economics, Journal Of Economic Perspectives, 30(4)(pp. 171-98)
4. Auffhammer, Maximilian, Solomon M. Hsiangy, Wolfram Schlenker and Adam Sobelz
(2013) Using Weather Data and Climate Model Output in Economic Analyses of Climate
Change, Review of Environmental Economics and Policy, 7(2), 2013, (pp. 181–198)
5. World Bank (2021) World Development Report 2021 : Data for Better Lives. Washington,
DC: World Bank.https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/35218
6. Human Development Report, UNDP (various years)
7. World Trade Statistical Review, WTO (various years)
(Note: Refer latest reference books)

25
 Basic Econometrics
Course Code: B2ECO004T Credits: 04

Type of Course: DSC 10 Contact Hours: 60

Course Objectives: As economists rely more on econometrics techniques, this course intends to
develop the basic awareness of the fundamental techniques of econometrics with the intention of
providing a thorough and sound foundation for future courses in econometrics
Unit I: Introduction to Econometrics Hours
1.1 Meaning, Nature and Scope of Econometrics;
1.2 Distinction between Economics and Econometrics;
1.3 Mathematics and Econometrics, Statistics and Econometrics; 15
1.4 Methodology of Econometrics ;
1.5 Types of Econometrics.
Unit II: Simple Regression Model
2.1 Meaning, Basic Ideas, Significance of Disturbance Term
2.2 Method of Estimation, Ordinary Least Square Method (OLS)
2.3 BLUE Property - Coefficient of Determination; Assumptions 15
2.4 Hypothesis Testing;- Confidence Interval and Test of Significance Approach;
2.5 Testing Regression Coefficients, Interpretation of Results.
Unit III: Multiple Regression Model
3.1 Meaning and Assumptions
3.2 Partial Regression Coefficients, Method of Estimation;
3.3 R-Square and Adjusted R-Square;
3.4 Hypothesis Testing - Testing Individual Regression Coefficient, Overall 15
Significance Test; ANOVA;
3.5 Introduction to Matrix Approach to Estimation of Parameters of more than
Three Variables
Unit IV: Problems in Regression Model
4.1 Multicollinearity- Nature, Causes, Consequences, Detection and Remedial
Measures.
4.2 Heteroscedasticity- Nature, Causes, Consequences, Detection and Remedial
15
Measures.
4.3 Auto-Correlation- Nature, Causes, Consequences, Detection and Remedial
Measures
Course Outcome:
1. Familiarise the Econometrics applications that are widely used in empirical work in
economics and other related disciplines.
2. Conceptual understanding and ‘hands on’ applications using economic data drawn from real-
world examples, along with formal theoretical proofs and empirical testing
3. Problems faced in estimation and inference in the context of single and multiple equations
regression model and various diagnosis testing.
4. To make them understand Simultaneous equations and problems in estimation.
5. By the end of the course, students should be able to develop simple econometric models and
interpret the econometric and statistical results reported in other studies
26
Reading List:
1. Badi, H. Baltagi (2011): Econometrics, Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg, New York.

2. Dougherty, Christopher (2011): Introduction to Econometrics, Oxford University Press, UK.

3. Ghosh, Sukesh K. (1991): Econometrics-Theory and Applications, Prentice Hall, Englewood
Cliffs, New Jersey.
4. Greene, William H. (2016): Econometric Analysis, Pearson, New Delhi.
5. Gujarati, Damodar N., Dawn C. Porter and Sangeetha Gunasekar (2017): Basic
Econometrics, (5th Edition) Tata McGraw Hill Bombay.

6. Julia, Hebden (2000): Statistics for Economics, Heritage Publication, Oxford University.
7. Koutsoyiannis, A. (2000): Theory of Econometrics, (2nd Edition) MacMillan Publication,
London.

8. Madani, G.M.K. (2015): Introduction to Econometrics: Principles and Applications (8th

Edition) Principles and applications, Oxford & IBH Publishers.

9. Maddala, G. S. (2016): Introduction to Econometrics, Wiley India, New Delhi.

10. Ramanathan, Ramu (2015): Introductory Econometrics with Applications, South-Western

Cengage Learning, New Delhi.
11. Theil, H. (1981): Introduction to Econometrics, Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs,New
Jersey.
12. Wooldridge, J. M. (2016): Introductory Econometrics: A Modern Approach, Thomson
South-Western, Akash Press, New Delhi.
(Note: Refer latest reference books)

27
 Indian Economic Environment
Course Code: B2ECO005T Credits:04

Type of Course: DSC 11 Contact Hours:60

Course Objectives: Is to develop an understanding of the economic environment and the factors
affecting economic environment. Ability to develop awareness on the various new developments in
the different sectors of an economy – agriculture, industry, services, banking, etc.
Unit I: Introduction Hours

1.1 Meaning, Factors affecting Economic Environment - Economic, Political,

Technological
1.2 Factors affecting Economic Environment -Social and Cultural
1.3 Challenges to Indian Economy - Natural Resources, Energy Resources 15
1.4 Challenges to Indian Economy - Education, Health, Environment
1.5 Comparison of Indian Economy with the World Economy - Population,
Agriculture, Industry and Service Sector

Unit II: Agricultural Environment

2.1 Role of Agriculture in Indian Economy
2.2 Challenges to Indian Agriculture - Productivity, Rural Credit
2.3 Rural Marketing, Rural Entrepreneurship
15
2.4 Recent Trends in Indian Agriculture - Cropping pattern, Technology, Crop
Insurance
2.5 Recent Trends in Indian Agriculture - Water Management, Agri-business

Unit III: Industrial Environment

3.1 Role of Industry in Indian Economic Development
3.2 Industrial Policy Resolution, 1991- Liberalization, Privatization and
Globalization (LPG)
3.3 Challenges to Indian Industry-Labour & Employment, Regional Imbalance, 15
Finance, Technology
3.4 Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSME)- Definition and Role
3.5 Recent trends in Indian Industry- Indian Multinationals and New Policies
Unit IV: Service Sector Environment
4.1 Role and Growth of Service Sector in Indian Economy
4.2 Challenges to Indian Service sector- Business-based and Knowledge-based
Sector, Insurance, Tourism
4.3 Banking Environment: Changing Structure of Banking in India – New Private 15
Banks, Small Banks, Payment Banks
4.4 Recent Trends in Indian Banking Environment- E-Banking, E- Wallets
4.5 Bank Mergers and Amalgamations
Course Outcome:
1. To familiarize the students with the recent developments in the Indian Economy
2. To provide the students with the background of the Indian Economy with focus on
contemporary issues like economic environment.
3. To enable students to understand and comprehend the current business scenario, agricultural
28
 scenario and other sectorial growth in the Indian context.
4. To make the student aware of the developments such as MSMEs, Digital Economy, E-
Banking etc
Reading List:
1. Agrawal A.N., Problems of Development & Planning, (Latest Edition)
2. Ashwani Mahajan, ‘Indian Economy’ S. Chand & Company Ltd., New Delhi.
3. Cherunilam Francis, ‘Business Environment-Text and Cases’ Himalaya Publishing
House(Latest Edition)
4. Faisal Ahmed ‘Business Environment: Indian and Global Perspective’ PHL Learning Pvt.
Ltd. (Latest Edition)
5. Fernando A.C. (2014) ‘Business Environment’ Pearson Education,
6. Misra & Puri, ‘Business Environment’, Himalaya Publication House, Mumbai. (Latest
Edition)
7. Misra & Puri, ‘Indian Economy’, Himalaya Publication House, Mumbai. (Latest Edition)
8. Gopal and Suman Banhri (2013),Indian Economy Performance and Policies, Pearson
Publication Delhi
9. Pathak, Bharati (2009)‘The Indian Financial System’, Pearson Education Publication, New
Delhi.
10. Bhadane Jaywant R. (2018) ‘Cashless India and Digital Economy’ International
Publications, Kanpur
11. Spana Newar, Tanvi Gaur (2015) ‘Economic Environment in India’, Think Tank
Publications, Jaipur
(Note: Refer latest reference books)

29
 Indian Economy
Course Code: B2ECO206T Credits:04

Type of Course: OEC 1 Contact Hours:60

Course Objectives: The objective of this course is to understand the structure of the Indian
economy, to examine the policies, progress and problems of agriculture and industrial sector,
performance of India’s external (exports and imports) and financial sector. It also aims to evaluate
the new policy initiatives undertaken by the Government of India to overcome present economic
ailments in the economy.
Unit I: An Overview of Indian Economy Hours
1.1 Characteristics of Indian Economy;
1.2 Demographic Features of Indian population;
1.3 Trends in the growth of National Income; Green Accounting; 15
1.4 Structural Changes in the Economy; Poverty and Inequality;
1.5 India’s Development Experience; Planning Commission to NITI Aayog
Unit II: Agricultural Sector
2.1 Agriculture-Importance; Cropping Pattern;
2.2 Land Reforms; Agricultural Labour Problems; Mechanization and Green
Revolution;
2.3 Agricultural Finance and Rural Indebtedness and Farmers’ Suicide; 15
2.4 Agricultural Marketing; Agricultural Price; Agricultural Co-operatives;
2.5 Technological Factor in Agriculture Growth-Seeds Fertilizers, Irrigation;
WTO and Agriculture.
Unit III: Industrial Sector
3.1 Importance of Industrialization; Growth and Structural Composition;
Structural Transformation;
3.2 Micro, Small Medium Scale Industries (MSME)- Role and Performance;
Privatization and Public Sector, Private Sector Industries and their Performance
15
and Problems;
3.3 Industrial Labour; Problems and Policies
3.4 Industrial Finance; Development Banks;
3.5 New Industrial Policy; Mergers and Takeover.
Unit IV: Foreign Trade and Financial Sector
4.1 Exchange Rate policy of India; Trends in India’s Foreign Trade;
4.2 Balance of Payment - Problems and Measures; New Foreign Trade Policy;
Export promotion v/s Import Substitution;
4.3 Foreign Direct Investment in India; Globalisation and its impact on India’s
15
Trade and Investment.
4.4 Money Markets; Monetary Policy; Money Supply;
4.5 Commercial Banks; Banking and Non-Banking Financial Sector; Financial
Sector Reforms; Demonetisation and its Impact.
Course Outcome:
1. To study the sectoral structure of Indian economy.
2. To study the importance of agriculture and industrial sectors.
3. To examine the impact of financial sector and economic
30
 reforms.
Reading List:
1. Agarwal A.N. and Agarwal M.K. (2016): Indian Economy: Problems of Development and
Planning, New Age International (P) Limited Publishers, New Delhi.
2. Agarwal, H. S. (2011): Indian Economy, Lakshmi Narain Agarwal, Agra.
3. Agarwal, R. C. (2015): Economics of Development and Planning (2014-15), Lakshmi Narain
Agarwal, Agra.
4. Ahluwalia, I. J. and M D Little (Eds.) (1999): India’s Economic Reforms and Development
(Essays in Honor of Manmohan Singh) OUP, New Delhi.
5. Brahmananda, P. R. and V. R. Panchamukhi (Eds.) (2001): Development Experience in the
Indian
Economy: Inter-State Perspectives, Bookwell, New Delhi.
6. Dhingra, I. C. (2017): Indian Economy, S. Chand and Company Limited, Ram Nagar, New
Delhi.
7. Government of India (2017): Economic Survey of India (Annual), Ministry of Finance,
Government of India, New Delhi.
8. Hanumantha Rao C. H. and H. Linnemann (Eds.)(1996): Economic Reforms and Poverty
Alleviation in India, Sage Publication, New Delhi.
9. Jalan, B. (1996): India’s Economic Policy-Preparing for the Twenty First Century, Viking
New Delhi.
10. Misra, S. K. and V. K. Puri (2018): Indian Economy, Himalaya Publishing House, Mumbai
11. Mujamdar, N. A. (2004): Economics Reforms and Sans Development, Academic
Foundation, New Delhi,
12. Rangarajan, C. (1998): Indian Economy: Essays on Money and Finance, UBS, New Delhi.
13. Ruddar Dutt and K.P.M. Sundharam (2002): Indian Economy, S. Chand and Company
Limited, New Delhi.
14. Sen, R.K. and B.Chatterjee (2001): Indian Economy: Agenda for 21st Century (Essay in
Honour of Prof. P. R. Brahmananda), Deep & Deep, New Delhi.
15. Sundaram, K.P.M. (2004): An Introduction to Indian Economy, S. Chand and Company
Limited, Ram Nagar, New Delhi.
(Note: Refer latest reference books)

31
M A in Economics
Third Semester
Syllabus

32
 Public Economics
Course Code: B3ECO001T Credits: 04

Type of Course: DSC 12 Contact Hours: 60

Course Objectives: The purpose of this course is to learn about the market failure in provision of
public goods and nature and types of government interventions for provision of public goods and
thereby attaining maximum social advantage. It also aims at understanding the, theories of public
expenditure, public revenue mobilization and public debt and its management
Unit I: Introduction Hours
1.1 Public Economics-Nature, Scope, Meaning and Evolution;
1.2 Government-Powers, Fiscal Functions-Allocation, Distribution and
Stabilisation and Role of Government in a Mixed Economy;
1.3 Theory of Public Goods- Private Goods, Public Goods, Club Goods,
15
Commons, Merit Goods and Demerit Goods;
1.4 Public Goods and Market Failure; Public Goods as a Special case of
Externalities and Market Failure;
1.5 Principle of Maximum Social Advantage.
Unit II: Theories of Public Expenditure
2.1 General Theories of Public Expenditure: Introduction
2.2 General Theories of Public Expenditure : Wagner’s Hypothesis; Peacock-
Wiseman Hypothesis; Colin Clark Hypothesis;
2.3 Expenditure Evaluation- Criteria for Public Investment- Social cost- Benefit 15
Analysis;
2.4 Reforms in Expenditure Budgeting System
2.5 Zero Based Budgeting
Unit III: Public Revenue and Taxation
3.1 Public Revenue: Sources and Classification,
3.2 Taxation, Tax Elasticity and Buoyancy, Taxable Capacity and Tax Effort,
3.3 Theory of Incidence; Different Concepts of Incidence, Benefits and Ability to
Pay Approaches, 15
3.4 Taxation and Dead Weight Loss, Theory of Optimal Taxation, Equity in
Taxation, Direct and Indirect Taxes,
3.5 Effect of Taxation on Production and Distribution
Unit IV: Public Debt and Its Management
4.1 Public Debt-Concept, Sources of Public Debt - Internal and External,
Objectives, Reasons for Growing Public Debt;
4.2 Classical and Modern Views on Public Debt, Burden of Public Debt;
15
4.3 Public Borrowings and Price Level-
4.4 Crowding out of Private Investment and Activity;
4.5 Principles of Debt Management and Repayment

33
Course Outcome:
1. This course enables the students to learn about nature and scope of public economics,
economic systems, market failure in provision of public goods, mechanism for revealing
for public choice and types of public policy for provision of public goods and thereby
attaining maximum social advantage.
2. It also aims at understanding the theories of public expenditure, public revenue
mobilization and public debt and its management.
3. At the end of the course, the students would have learned the essential theories and
frameworks needed to design the public policies for effective of provision of public goods
and services and efficient management of public assets and liabilities.
Reading List:
1. Anderson, John E. (2002): Public Finance: Principles and Policy, Houghton Mifflin
Company, Boston.
2. Bagchi A. (2005) : Readings in Public Finance, Cambridge University Press, New Delhi
3. Bhatia, H. L. (2015): Public Finance, Vikas Publishing House Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi.
4. Chand, S. N. (2013): Public Finance, Atlantic Publishers and Distributors (P) Ltd., New
Delhi.
5. Cullis, John and Phillip Jones (2010): Public Finance and Public Choice: Analytical
Perspective, Oxford University Press, New York
6. Hinderiks, Jean and Gareth Myles (2014): Intermediate Public Economics, PHI, New
Delhi
7. Jha, Rajesh K. (2012): Public Finance, Perason, Delhi.
8. Kennedy, M. Marria John (2012): Public Finance, PHI Learning Private Limited New
Delhi.
9. Lekhi, R.K. and Joginder Singh (2015): Public Finance, Kalyani Publishers, NewDelhi.
10. Musgrave R.A and Musgrave P.A. (2009): Public Finance in Theory and Practice,
McGraw- Hill Kogakusha, Tokyo.
11. Om Prakash (2016): Public Economics: Theory and Practice, Vishal Publishing Co.
Jalandhar-Delhi.
12. Rao, Govind (2010): Public Finance: Theory and Practice Essay in Honour of A.Bagchi,
Sage Publications, New Delhi.
13. Rosen, Harvey S. and Ted Gayer (2012): Public Finance, 8th Edition, MaGraw Hill
Education Private Limited, New Delhi.
14. Singh, S.K. (2015): Public Economics: Theory and Practice S. Chand and Co., New
Delhi.
15. Tyagi B.P. and H. P. Singh (2016): Public Finance, Jayaprakashnath and Company,
Meerut, India.
(Note: Refer latest reference books)

34
 International Trade and Finance
Course Code: B3ECO002T Credits: 04

Type of Course: DSC 13 Contact Hours: 60

Course Objectives: The purpose of this paper is to enable the students to understand Classical,
Neo-Classical , Modern and New International trade theories and familiarize the students about
the various aspects of trade policy
Unit I: Classical Trade Theories Hours
1.1 Mercantilists Views on Trade
1.2 Trade based on Absolute Advantage- Adam Smith;
1.3 Trade based on Comparative Advantage- David Ricardo; Mill’s Reciprocal
15
Demand;
1.4 Opportunity cost trade theory;
1.5 Empirical Testing of Absolute Cost and Comparative Cost
Unit II: Modern Trade Theories
2.1 Heckscher-Ohlin-Samuelson Trade Theory; Assumptions- Factor Intensity,
Factor Abundance - Factor Endowments and Heckscher-Ohlin Theorem
2.2 Empirical Test of Heckscher-Ohlin Model
2.3 Leontief Paradox –Factor Price Equalization Theorem: Stopler-Samuelson 15
Theorem; Economic Growth and International Trade;
2.4 The Rybczynski Theorem - Technical Progress –
2.5 Immiserizing Growth - Growth Changes Tastes and Trade in both Nations
Unit III: New Trade Theories
3.1 Economies of Scale, Imperfect Competition, and International Trade- New
Trade Theories-
3.2 Trade Based on Product Differentiation;
3.3 Intra-Industry Trade
15
3.4 Trade Based on Dynamic Technological Differences- Costs of Transportation,
Environmental Standards, and
3.5 International Trade- Environmental Standards, Industry Location, and
International Trade
Unit IV: Balance of Payment
4.1 The balance of payments: concepts and measurement – balance of trade and
transfers, current and capital accounts – deficits and surpluses –
4.2 national income and balance of payments
4.3 Balance of payments adjustments: types and causes of disequilibrium income
15
approach, foreign trade multiplier, price approach, exchange rate changes,
4.4 Marshall–Lerner condition of devaluation,
4.5 empirical measurement of import and export demand elasticity’s, elasticity and
absorption approaches, monetary approach and the terms of trade

35
Course Outcome:
1. Deep understanding about International trade theories and their empirical
testing
2. To make them understand the students about benefits of International trade in
terms of Gains from trade and Terms of trade
3. Conceptual understanding of International trade policy and Trade

4. By the end of the course, students should be able to apply International trade
theories and policies in their research.
Reading List:
1. Carbough, R.J. (2017): International Economics, (16th Edition) International Thompson
Publishing, New York
2. Dana, M.S. (2017): International Economics: Study, Guide and Work Book, (5th dition),
Rutledge Publishers, London
3. Gita Gopinatha, Elhanan, Helpman Kenneth and Regoff (2014): Handbook of
International Economics, Elsevier Publications
4. Jackson, J. (1998): The World Trading System, Cambridge University Mass
5. Jagadish N. Bhagwati (1983): Dependence and Interdependence (Ed) by Gane
Grossman, Vol.2, Basil Blackwell, Oxford
6. Kenen, P.B. (2000): The International Economy, (4th Edition) Cambridge University
Press, London
7. Kindleberger, C.P. (1978): International Economics, (6th Edition) R.D.Irwin Homewood
8. Krugman, P.R. and M. Obstfield (2012): International Economics: Theory and Policy,
(9th Edition) Addison-Wesley Publications
9. Metzler: Readings in International Economic, American Economic Series
10. Salvatore, D. (2014): International Economics, (11th Edition), MacMillan Publication
11. Soderstein, B. (1993): International Economics, MacMillan, London
12. Soderstein, B. and Reed, Geoffrey (1994): International Economics, (3rd Edition)
MacMillan, London
13. UNCTAD: World Investment Reports, Various Issues.
14. Vaish, M. C. and Sudama Singh (2010): International Economics, (8th Edition), Oxford
and IBH Publication, New Delhi
(Note: Refer latest reference books)

36
 Research Methodology and Data Analysis
Course Code: B3ECO003T Credits: 04

Type of Course: DSC 14 Contact Hours: 60

Course Objectives: The main purpose of this is paper is to describe, interpret and explain a
phenomena by relating it to other phenomena, thereby setting its within its proper context and by
making its meaning or sense explicit through its chain of interconnections. This Course will give a
thorough insight to acquire research skills and capabilities
Unit I: Introduction to Research Process Hours
1.1 Meaning and Characteristics of Research - Planning a Research –
1.2 Stages of Research - Research Problem - Theoretical Foundation
1.3 Review of Literature - Objectives - Hypotheses
1.4 Types of Research: Pure and Applied Research - Qualitative, Quantitative and
15
Mixed - Exploratory, Descriptive, Diagnostic, Evaluation, Action and
Experimental Research - Historical Research
1.5 Surveys - Case Study - Field Study; Need and Importance of Research in
Economics - Applicability - Ethical issues in Research

Unit II: Data Sources and Methods of Data Collection

2.1 Primary and Secondary Sources of Data;
2.2 Quantitative Data - Sources
2.3 Time Series Data - Cross Section Data and Pooled Data –
2.4 Observation - Interview Method, Schedules and Questionnaires - 15
Questionnaire Designing Procedure –
2.5 Participatory Techniques- Case Study, Projective Methods - Simulation -
Merits and Demerits.

Unit III: Sampling Considerations and Data Processing

3.1 Sampling Considerations: Concepts - Sample vs Census - Principles of
Sampling Design & Process –
3.2 Types of Sample Design: Probability Sampling Techniques: Simple Random,
Stratified Random, Cluster and Multi-Stage and other Methods of Sampling.
3.3 Non-Probability Sampling Techniques: Quota Sampling, Convenient
Sampling, Purposive Sampling, Judgment Sampling and other Methods –
15
3.4 Determination of Sample Size - Advantages and Disadvantages - Errors in
Sampling.
3.5 Data Processing: Processing and Distribution - Field Work Validation -
Tabulation - Editing - Coding - Classification and Tabulation of Data -
Presentation - Graphical Representation

37
Unit IV: Data Analysis and Interpretation
4.1 Testing of Hypotheses: Concepts, Steps in Testing of Hypothesis.
4.2 Estimation of Mean: Test of Single Sample Mean - Two Independent Means
Tests - Testing for Means of Paired Data - Testing for the Equality of K
Population Means - Assumptions for ANOVA - Between Treatments Estimate of
Population Variance - Within Treatments Estimate of Population Variance -
Comparing the Variance of Estimates - The F Test - Multiple Comparison
15
Procedures.
4.3 Estimation of Variance: Test of Single Sample Variance - Two Sample
Variance Test.
4.4 Non-Parametric Tests: Advantages & Disadvantages - Chi-square tests - Tests
for Randomness.
4.5 Report Writing –Meaning and Steps
Course Outcome:
1. Ability to frame research question/s;
2. Capacity to search and manage literature in a scientific manner;
3. Designing suitable instruments to collect data;
4. Developing appropriate data analysis plans; and
5. Imbibing written and oral presentation skills to communicate information and
data to multiple audiences.
Reading List:
1. Ahuja, Ram (2011): Research Methodology, Rawat Publications, New Delhi.
2. Bryman Alan (2012): Social Research Methods, Oxford University Press, New York.
3. Dash, Priyaranjan (2013): Research Methodology (with SPSS),Vrind Publications (P) Ldt.,
Delhi.
4. Gupta, Shashi K. and Praneet Rangi (2017): Research Methodology: Methods, Tools and
Techniques, Kalyani Publishers, New Delhi.
5. Kothari C. R. (2018): Research Methodology, New Age International Publication, New
Delhi.
6. Krishnawamy, O.R. and Ranghanathan, M. (2018): Methodology of Research in Social
Sciences, Himalaya Publishing House, Mumbai.
7. Kurian, C.T. (1973): Research Methodology in Economics, Institute of Development
Studies, Madras.
8. Majhi, Priti and P. K. Khatua (2016): Research Methodology: Concepts, Methods,
Techniques and SPSS, Himalaya Publishing House, Mumbai.
9. Majumdar, P.K. (2015): Research Methods in Social Science, Viva Books Private Limited,
New Delhi.
10. Mukherjee, Neela (2002): Participatory Learning and Action (with 100 Field Methods),
Concept Publishing Company, New Delhi.
11. Mukherjee, Neela (2003): Participatory Rural Appraisal: Methodology and Applications,
Concept Publishing Company, New Delhi.
12. Narayanasamy, N. and M. P. Boraian (2005): Participatory Rural Appraisal: The
Experience of NGOs in South India, Concept Publishing Company, New Delhi.
(Note: Refer latest reference books)

38
 Indian Financial System, Markets and Instruments-I
Course Code: B3ECO004T Credits: 04

Type of Course: DSC 15 Contact Hours: 60

Course Objectives: The objective of this course is to understand the Indian financial system, Non-
Bank Financial Institutions, Insurance, Investment Banking, Merchant Banking, Mutual Funds
Insurance, Foreign Exchange Market and Financial Sector Reforms. It also aims at familiarizing
the students fully with the changing role of financial institutions in the process of economic growth
and development in India

Unit I: Financial Systems in India Hours

1.1 Financial System: Significance and Definition

1.2 Financial System: Classification and Structure
1.3 Purpose and Organization 15
1.4 Financial System and Economic Development
1.5 Financial Intermediation and Economic Development in India

Unit II: Non-Bank Financial Institutions (NBFIs)

2.1 The Fundamental aspects of NBFIs - New Theory of Finance
2.2 Role and Significance of NBFIs and Monetary Theory in Developed Countries
and Developing Countries
2.3 The Structure and Growth of NBFIs in India
15
2.4 Financial Sector Reforms - Liberalization Measures for NBFIs (1996) -Limits
on Acceptance of Deposits - Size of NBFIs - Distribution of Deposits
2.5 Capital Issues of Finance Companies - assets of NBFIs - Investment Norms for
NBFIs - Deployment of Funds-Leasing Companies.
Insurance, Investment Banking, Merchant Banking and Mutual
Unit III:
Funds
3.1 Insurance: Growth and Structure of Insurance Companies - Life Insurance
Corporation and its Progress - General Insurance Companies and their Functions -
Reforms in the Insurance Sector
3.2 Investment banking: Investment Banks- Introduction, Functions, Types -
Investment Banking Services and Commercial Banks - Their Activities.
3.3 Merchant Banking: Introduction - Banking Commission Report (1972) -
Merchant Banking in India - Regulations of Merchant Banking - Prospects - 15
General Obligations and Responsibilities.
3.4 Mutual Funds: Introduction - Mutual Funds in India - Types of Mutual Funds
Return from Mutual Funds - SEBIs Directives - Private Mutual Funds - Asset
Management Company
3.5 Unit Trust of India – Evaluation of the Performance of Mutual Funds - RBI
Guidelines.

39
Unit IV: Financial Sector Reforms in India
4.1 Regulation of Non-Bank Financial Intermediaries and the RBI
4.2 Need for Comprehensive Monetary Policy
4.3 RBI and Financial Sectors Reforms 15
4.4 Capital Markets Reforms
4.5 Recent Reforms in Indian Financial Sector
Course Outcome:
1. It provides a path to follow research in general area of economics and business.
2. Students will be understanding the Indian financial system, Non-Bank Financial Institutions,
Insurance, Investment Banking, Merchant Banking, Mutual Funds Insurance, Foreign
Exchange Market and Financial Sector Reforms.
3. Students would gain understanding of primarily about estimation and hypothesis testing.
What is different and generally much more interesting and useful is that parameter being
estimated and tested.
4. To familiarize the students fully with the changing role of financial institutions in the
process of economic growth and development in India.
Reading List:
1. Bhole, L.M. (1999): Financial Institutions and Markets, Tata McGraw Hill Company Ltd.,
New Delhi.
2. Bhole, L. M. (2000): Indian Financial System, Chugh Publications. Allahabad.
3. Khan, M. Y. (2009): Indian Financial System, Tata McGraw-Hill Education, New Delhi.
4. Machiraju, H.R. (2019): Indian Financial System, Fifth Edition, Vikas Publishing House
Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi.
5. Madaiah, M. (1971): Financial Intermediaries, Monetary Policy and Economic
Development, Prasaranga, Mysore.
6. Nirmala, Prasad and Chandradass J. (2016): Banking and Financial System, Himalaya
Publishing House, Mumbai.
7. Parameswaran, R. and Natarajan S. (2013): Indian Banking, S. Chand and Co, New Delhi.
8. Pathak, Bharati V. (2011): The Indian Financial System: Markets, Institutions and Services,
Pearson Education, New Delhi, India.
9. Reserve Bank of India: Report on Currency and Finance (latest edition).
10. Reserve Bank of India: Trends and Progress of Banking in India (latest edition), Mumbai.
11. Varshney and Sundaram (2014): Banking Theory, Law and Practice, Sultan Chand and
Sons, New Delhi.
12. Vasant, Desai (2017): The Indian Financial System and Development, Himalaya Publishing
House, Mumbai.
(Note: Refer latest reference books)

40
 Rural Development: Theory and Approach
Course Code: B3ECO105A Credits: 04

Type of Course: DSE 1 Contact Hours: 60

Course Objectives: The objective of this paper is to understand the basics of rural development,
including characteristics, problems, theories and programmes of rural redevelopment in India. It
also attempts to study the trends and patterns of economic diversification in rural areas and the role
of infrastructures in rural development
Unit I: Nature and Scope of Rural Development Hours
1.1 Need for Rural Development
1.2 Concept, Objectives of Rural Development
1.3 Indicators of Rural Development 15
1.4 Characteristics of Rural Economy
1.5 Rural-Urban Linkage
Unit II: Theories and Approaches to Rural Development
2.1 Balanced Growth Theories
2.2 Unbalanced Growth Theories
2.3 Dualistic Models of Development 15
2.4 Lewis Model, Fei and Ranis Model
2.5 Approaches to Rural Development in India
Unit III: Transferring Rural Economy
3.1 Importance of Agriculture and Allies Activities in Rural Development;
3.2 Rural Non-Agricultural Employment in India- Importance, Growth,
3.3 Regional Pattern and Determinants;
3.4 MSMEs-Concept, Classification Importance, Progress, Problems and 15
Remedial Measures;
3.5 Rural Industrialisation-Importance, Programmes, Progress and
Problems of Small- Scale Industries (SSI) and Remedial Measures
Unit IV: Infrastructures for Rural Development
4.1 Rural Infrastructures- Meaning, Classification, Importance, Problems;
4.2 Educational and Health infrastructure;
4.3 Housing and Sanitation; 15
4.4 Drinking Water Supply;
4.5 Rural Energy; Rural Transport and Communication; Rural Electrification

41
Course Outcome:
1. This course provides the students with the basics of rural development, including
concepts, characteristics, problems, theories and approaches and programmes
implemented for rural redevelopment in India.
2. It also enables the students to study the various aspects of poverty and
unemployment in India, transferring the rural economy-economic diversification
in rural areas and the role of infrastructures in rural development.
3. At the end of the course, the students will be able to understand the problems,
approaches, programmes implemented for the development of rural economy in
India and understand the essentiality to design the new policies and programmes
for sustainable development of rural economy in India.
Reading List:
1. Biradar, R. R. (2012): Incidence of Poverty among Social Groups in Rural India: Why
do the Poorer Remain Poor?, Institute for Social and Economic Change (ISEC),
Bangalore.
2. Biradar, R.R.(2009): Rural Non-Agricultural Employment in India: An Analysis of Its
Determinants and Impact on Poverty and Inequality, Concept Publishing Company,
New Delhi
3. Chambers, R. (1983): Rural Development: Putting the Last First, Longman, Harlow.
4. Dandekar, V.M. and N. Rath (1971): Poverty in India, GIPE, Pune.
5. Dantwala, M. L. (1973): Poverty in India: Then and Now, 1870-1970, Macmillan, Bombay.
6. Dantwala, M. L. and Others (Ed) (1986): Indian Agricultural Development since Independence:
A Collection of Essays, Oxford and IBH Publishing Co.Pvt. LTd. New Delhi.
7. Desai, Vasant (2015): Rural Development, Himalaya Publication, Mumbai.
8. Gupta. K .R. (Ed) (2003): Rural Development in India, Atlantic Publishers and
Distributors, New Delhi.
9. Jain, Gopal Lal (1997): Rural Development, Mangal Deep Publications, Jaipur,.
10. Maheshwari, S. R. (1985): Rural Development in India, Sage Publications, New Delhi.
11. Satya Sundaram, I. (2015): Rural Development, Himalaya Publishing House, Delhi.
12. Singh, Katar (1986): Rural Development: Principles, Polices and Management, Sage
Publications, New Delhi, (Second Edition).
13. Srinivasan, T. N. and P. K. Bardhan (Eds.) (1974): Poverty and Income Distribution in
India, Statistical Publishing Society, Calcutta.
14. Prasad, B. K. (2003): Rural Development: Concept, Approach and Strategy, Sarup and
Sons, New Delhi.
15. Moni, M. and Suresh Misra (2009): Rural India: Achieving Millennium Development
Goals and Grassroots Development, Concept Publishing Company, New Delhi.
16. Mondal, Sagar and G. L. Ray (2011): Rural Development, Kalyani Publishers, New Delhi.
17. Saminathan, M. S. (2010): Integrated Rural Development, Concept Publishing
Company, New Delhi.
(Note: Refer latest reference books)

42
 Advanced Econometrics
Course Code: B3ECO105B Credits:04

Type of Course: DSE 2 Contact Hours:60

Course Objectives: The course is designed to develop a deeper understanding of the econometric
techniques, which could be successfully used for improving the quality of economic discussions. The
students will study this course with a advanced approach.
Unit I: Dummy Variable Technique Hours
1.1 Dummy Variable Model: Meaning - Nature - Dummy Variable Trap –
1.2 Dummy Variable Model with Single Qualitative Variable - Two Qualitative
Variables
1.3 Dummy Variable Model with Mixture of Qualitative and Quantitative
Variables. 15
1.4 Autoregressive and Dynamic Models: Role of Lag in Economics - Estimation
Methods
1.5 Adaptive Adjustment and Partial Expectation Models - Almon Approach to
Distributed Lag Models.
Unit II: Simultaneous Equation Models
2.1 Simultaneous- Equation Model- Nature, Simultaneous Equation Bias
2.2 Structural and Reduced Form of Models.
2.3 The Identification Problems- Rules for Identification 15
2.4 Order and Rank Condition of Identification
2.5 Test for Simultaneity
Unit III: Estimation of Simultaneous Equation Methods
3.1 Simultaneous Equation Methods- Approaches to Estimation
3.2 The methods of I V
3.3 ILS 15
3.4 2SLS
3.5 MLM, LIMLM, FIMLM
Unit IV: Qualitative Regression Models
4.1 LPM: Meaning and Types
4.2 Logit Model and Probit Model
4.3 Tobit Model 15
4.4 Binary Regression Model
4.5 Poission Regression Model

43
Course Outcome:
1. This is a course for advanced econometrics deal with advanced models forecasting in
different complex situations.
2. Demonstrate the knowledge of applications of simultaneous equation models in Economics
Reading List:
1. Damodar Gujarathi,(2004): Basic Econometrics, Tata McGraw Hill, Bombay
2. Jonston, J. (2000): Econometric Methods, McGraw Hill, New York.
3. Maddala, G.S. (2000): Econometrics Methods and Applications, Alder Shot, U.K.
4. Theil, H (1971): Principles of Econometrics (Wiley: New York)
(Note: Refer latest reference books)

44
 Economics of Education
Course Code: B3ECO105C Credits: 04

Type of Course: DSE 3 Contact Hours: 60

Course Objectives: The paper attempts to equip the students with basics of human capital,
economics of education-costs and benefits, approaches to educational and manpower planning,
pattern of educational financing and subsidies and educational system and progress in India
Unit I: Human Capital and Development Hours
1.1 Human Capital- Origin-Classical and Neo-Classical Approach,
1.2 Concept, Components, Nexus between Human Capital, Physical Capita and
Natural Capital;
15
1.3 Theory of Investment in Human Capital;
1.4 Concept and Dimensions of Human Development;
1.5 Growth Accounting Equations of Denison and Schult
Unit II: Economics of Education
2.1 Economics of Education-Concept, Demand for Education, Private Demand
and Social Demand; Determinants of Demand;
2.2 Costs of Education–Expenditure on Education; Private Costs and Social Costs;
15
2.3 Benefit of Education– Direct and Indirect Benefits;
2.4 Private and Social Benefit;
2.5 Cost–Benefit Analysis-Meaning, Toolds (BCR, NPV and IRR), Limitations
Unit III: Educational Financing and Subsides
3.1 Resource Mobilization and Financing, the Balance between the Public and
Private Financing;
3.2 Pricing and Subsidies-The Argument for Public Subsidy,
3.3 Effects of Educational Financing on Equity and Efficiency; 15
3.4 Education and Labour Market – Effects of Education, Ability and Family
Background on Earnings, Poverty and Income Distribution,
3.5 Education and Employment (The Path Model Analysis).
Unit IV: Education and Economic Development in India
 4.1 Objectives of Educational Planning;
 4.2 A Review of Educational Development in India – Primary, Secondary,
Vocational, Higher, Technical and Adult Education;
15
 4.3 New Educational Policy in India;
 4.4 Expenditure on Education and Improvement in Literacy in India;
 4.5 Educational Development and Employment in India.

45
Course Outcome:
1. Acquire a deeper understanding about the role of human capital especially of education
in economic development.
2. Possess knowledge of the latest development in education.
3. Acquire skills to relate human development with economic development.
4. Acquire knowledge about cost- benefit analysis, approaches to educational Planning,
educational planning and subsidies.
Reading List:
1. Aggarwal and Aggarwal (1992): Educational Planning in India, Vol. I, Delhi.
2. Chandra, Prasanna (1995): Project: Planning, Analysis, Selection, Implications and
Review, Tata McGraw-Hill Publishing Company Limited, New Delhi.
3. Govinda, R. (2002): India Education Report, Oxford University Press, New Delhi.
4. Heggade, O. D. (1992): Economics of Education, Himalaya Publishing House, Bombay.
5. McMohan, W. W. (1999): Education of Development: Measuring the
Social Benefit, Oxford University Press, Oxford
6. Nanjundappa, D. M. (1976): Working of University Finances, Sterling Publishers Pvt. Ltd.,
New Delhi.
7. Nanjundappa, D. M. (1994): Finance and Management of Higher
Education, Deep and Deep, New Delhi.
8. Psacharopoulos, George (1987): Economics of Education: Research and Studies, (Ed.),
Pergamon Press, New York.
9. Psacharopoulos, George and Maureen Woodhall (1985): Education for
Development: An Analysis of Investment Choice, Oxford University Press.
10. Rao, V.K.R.V (1966): Education and Human Resources Development, Allied Publishers
Bombay.
11. Saumen and Chattopadhyay (2012): Education and Economics: Disciplinary
Evolution and Policy Discourse, Oxford University Press, New Delhi.
12. Shah, K. R. (1997): Essays on Economics of Human Resource, Spellbound Publications,
Rohtak.
13. Shri Prakash (1994): Cost of Education: Theoretical Exploration and Empirical
Prognostication, Deep and Deep Publications, New Delhi.
14. Tilak, J, B.G. (1987): The Economics of Inequality in Education, Sage Publications, New
Delhi
15. Tilak, J.B.G. (1994): Education for Development in Asia, Sage
Publications, New Delhi
16. Vaizey, Johan (1962): The Economics of Education, Faber and Faber, 24 Russell Square,
London.
17. Woodhall, M. (1992): Cost-Benefit Analysis in Educational Planning,
UNESCO, Paris
(Note: Refer latest reference books)

46
 Indian Financial Markets and Instruments
Course Code: B3ECO206T Credits: 04

Type of Course: OEC 2 Contact Hours: 60

Course Objectives: The objective of this course is to understand the Indian financial system, Non-
Bank Financial Institutions, Insurance, Investment Banking, Merchant Banking, Mutual Funds
Insurance, Foreign Exchange Market and Financial Sector Reforms. It also aims at familiarizing the
students fully with the changing role of financial institutions in the process of economic growth and
development in India
Unit I: Financial Systems in India Hours
1.1 Financial System: Significance and Definition
1.2 Purpose and Organization
15
1.3 Financial System and Economic Development
1.4 Financial Intermediation and Economic Development in India
Unit II: Non-Bank Financial Institutions (NBFIs)
2.1 The Fundamental aspects of NBFIs - New Theory of Finance
2.2 Role and Significance of NBFIs and Monetary Theory in Developed Countries
and Developing Countries
2.3 The Structure and Growth of NBFIs in India
15
2.4 Financial Sector Reforms - Liberalization Measures for NBFIs (1996) -Limits
on Acceptance of Deposits - Size of NBFIs - Distribution of Deposits
2.5 Capital Issues of Finance Companies - assets of NBFIs - Investment Norms for
NBFIs - Deployment of Funds-Leasing Companies.
Unit III: Insurance, Investment Banking, Merchant Banking and Mutual
Funds
3.1 Insurance: Growth and Structure of Insurance Companies - Life Insurance
Corporation and its Progress - General Insurance Companies and their Functions -
Reforms in the Insurance Sector
3.2 Investment banking: Investment Banks- Introduction, Functions, Types -
Investment Banking Services and Commercial Banks - Their Activities.
3.3 Merchant Banking: Introduction - Banking Commission Report (1972) -
Merchant Banking in India - Regulations of Merchant Banking - Prospects - 15
General Obligations and Responsibilities.
3.4 Mutual Funds: Introduction - Mutual Funds in India - Types of Mutual Funds
Return from Mutual Funds - SEBIs Directives - Private Mutual Funds - Asset
Management Company
3.5 Unit Trust of India – Evaluation of the Performance of Mutual Funds - RBI
Guidelines.
Unit IV: Financial Sector Reforms in India
4.1 Regulation of Non-Bank Financial Intermediaries and the RBI
4.2 Need for Comprehensive Monetary Policy
15
4.3 Recent RBI and Financial Sectors Reforms
4.4 Capital Markets Reforms

47
Course Outcome:
1. It provides a path to follow research in general area of economics and business.
2. Students will understand the Indian financial system, Non-Bank Financial
Institutions, Insurance, Investment Banking, Merchant Banking, Mutual Funds
Insurance, Foreign Exchange Market and Financial Sector Reforms.
3. Students would gain understanding of primarily about estimation and hypothesis
testing. What is different and generally much more interesting and useful is that
parameter being estimated and tested.
4. To familiarize the students fully with the changing role of financial institutions in
the process of economic growth and development in India.
Reading List:
1. Bhole, L.M. (1999): Financial Institutions and Markets, Tata McGraw Hill Company Ltd.,
New Delhi.
2. Bhole, L. M. (2000): Indian Financial System, Chugh Publications. Allahabad.
3. Khan, M. Y. (2009): Indian Financial System, Tata McGraw-Hill Education, New Delhi.
4. Machiraju, H.R. (2019): Indian Financial System, Fifth Edition, Vikas Publishing House Pvt.
Ltd., New Delhi.
5. Madaiah, M. (1971): Financial Intermediaries, Monetary Policy and Economic
Development, Prasaranga, Mysore.
6. Nirmala, Prasad and Chandradass J. (2016): Banking and Financial System, Himalaya
Publishing House, Mumbai.
7. Parameswaran, R. and Natarajan S. (2013): Indian Banking, S. Chand and Co, New Delhi.
8. Pathak, Bharati V. (2011): The Indian Financial System: Markets, Institutions and Services,
Pearson Education, New Delhi, India.
9. Reserve Bank of India: Report on Currency and Finance (latest edition).
10. Reserve Bank of India: Trends and Progress of Banking in India (latest edition), Mumbai.
11. Varshney and Sundaram (2014): Banking Theory, Law and Practice, Sultan Chand and Sons,
New Delhi.
12. Vasant, Desai (2017): The Indian Financial System and Development, Himalaya Publishing
House, Mumbai.
(Note: Refer latest reference books)

48
M A in Economics
Fourth Semester
Syllabus

49
 Indian Public Finance
Course Code: B4ECO001T Credits: 04

Type of Course: DSC 16 Contact Hours: 60

Course Objectives: Managing the public finance in most of the developing economies like India is
becoming more complex in the market-driven economy, but it has to be efficiently managed. The
purpose of this paper is to equip the students with the trends and patterns of public revenue
mobilization, public expenditure, fiscal deficits, public debt and its management. It also aims at
understanding the public policy and fiscal situation of India in changing global environment
Unit I: Public Revenue Hours
1.1 Sources of Revenue-Tax and Non-Tax Revenue;
1.2 Trends and Patterns of Tax Revenue– Direct and Indirect Taxes; Direct Tax
Code;
1.3 Indirect Taxes – Goods and Services Tax (GST)-Objectives, Classification of
GST, Tax Rates, Trends and Patterns of GST and Impact of GST on Indian
15
Economy;
1.4 Tax Reforms in India-Review of Earlier Committees and Evaluation of Kelkar
and Chellaiah Committees; Recent Developments in Direct and Indirect Tax
1.5 State Finance-Introduction, Source of State Finance- Revenue and Capital
Account; Financial Trends and Fiscal Consolidation;

Unit II: Public Expenditure and Debt

2.1 Structure and Trends in Public Expenditure of Central and State Governments,
Causes for Increase in Public Expenditure;
2.2 Expenditure Control and Accountability – Fiscal Responsibility and Budget
Management (FRBM) Act;
2.3 Issues in Public Expenditure- Equity, Efficiency, Welfare and Social Security;
Impact of Public Expenditure on Indian Economy; 15
2.4 Recommendations of Expenditure Reforms Commission (ERC) in India.
2.5 Sources of Public Debt - Internal and External - Burden of Public Debt- Public
Borrowings and Crowding out of Private Investment; Trends, Structure and
Redemption of Public Debt in India. Recent Developments in Public
Expenditure and Debt

Unit III: Budget and Fiscal Policy

3.1 Classification of Budgets and Budget Preparation
3.2 Budgetary Deficits: Concepts, Significance and Estimation;
3.3 Deficit Financing – Methods and Implications;
3.4 Analysis of Current Budget; 15
3.5 Fiscal Policy –Objectives, Techniques and Targets of Fiscal Policy,
Interdependence between Fiscal and Monetary Policies. Recent Developments
in Budgetary and Fiscal Policy

50
Unit IV: Fiscal Federalism and Local Finances
4.1 Principles of Federal Finance- Fiscal Federalism in India- Assignment of
Functions and Sources of Revenue – Constitutional Provisions;
4.2 Finance Commissions and Devolution of Resources- Grants –in-aid- Resource
Transfer from Union to States and Local Bodies- Criteria for Transfer of
Resources;
4.3 Centre – State Financial Relations in India – Problems of States Resources and 15
Indebtedness.
4.4 Local Finance- Introduction, Multi-level Governance-Local Bodies and their
Functions - Finances of Local Bodies - Local Taxation,
4.5 Criteria for Resource allocation to the local bodies-16th Finance Commission
Recommendations.
Course Outcome:
1. This course aims to enable the students to understand various aspects of Indian public fiancé
and policy which include the trends and patterns of public revenue in India, public
expenditure, budget and fiscal policy, public debt and its management.
2. It also aims at understanding the federal finance, center-state financial relations and
transfers, state and local finances.
3. At the end of the course, the students will be able to understand various forms of budget and
preparation of budget and public policies for effective provision and management of Indian
public assets, goods and services.
Reading List:
1. Annigeri, V. B., R. S. Deshpande and Ravindra Dholakia (Eds.) (2018): Issues in Indian
Public Policy, Springer, Singapore.
2. Bagchi A. (2005) : Readings in Public Finance, Cambridge University Press, New Delhi
3. Bhatia, H. L. (2015): Public Finance, Vikas Publishing House Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi.
4. Chand, S. N. (2013): Public Finance, Atlantic Publishers and Distributors (P) Ltd., New
Delhi.
5. Government of India: Annual Budget Reports, Ministry of Finance, New Delhi.
6. Jha, Rajesh K. (2012): Public Finance, Pearson Education House Ltd., Delhi.
7. Lekhi, R.K. and Joginder Singh (2015): Public Finance, Kalyani Publishers, NewDelhi.
8. Om Prakash (2016): Public Economics: Theory and Practice, Vishal Publishing Co.
Jalandhar-Delhi.
9. Rao, Govind (2010): Public Finance: Theory and Practice Essay in Honour of A.Bagchi,
Sage Publications, New Delhi.
10. Singh, S.K. (2015): Public Economics: Theory and Practice S. Chand and Co., New Delhi.
11. Tyagi B.P. and H. P. Singh (2016): Public Finance, Jayaprakashnath and Company, Meerut,
India.
(Note: Refer latest reference books)

51
 Economics of Regional Integration
Course Code: B4ECO002T Credits: 04

Type of Course: DSC 17 Contact Hours: 60

Course Objectives: To provide a theoretical understanding on the rationale of forming regional

economic grouping and their likely welfare implications, especially in the context of India. It will
also introduce students to different databases, tools and techniques to understand regional grouping

Unit I: Foundations of Regional Economic Integration Hours

1.1 Theoretical foundations of Regional Economic Integration definition, forms of

regional integration.
1.2 Basic Viner model, Modern static theory of regional integration – Regional
integration with imperfect competition
15
1.3 Domino Theory and Reciprocity; Natural Trading Partners;
1.4 Implications of Regionalism on the Global Trading system- Rules of Origin,
Labour mobility, investment, services, Environment, trade facilitation,
1.5 IPRs and Global Value Chains.

Unit II: Bilateral and Multilateral Trade System

2.1 Emerging landscape of bilateral, regional and plurilateral trade agreements –
2.2 Growth of RTAs – three waves, proliferation of RTAs in the post WTO
period,
2.3 GATT, GATS and enabling clause, bilateral and plurilateral agreements, 15
2.4 North- south and south-south trade agreements;
2.5 Regional groupings – SAFTA BIMSTEC, ASEAN, EU, NAFTA, RCEP and
TPP.

Unit III: Assessing Regional Economic Integration

3.1 Methods to assess Regional Economic Integration

3.2 Database to analyse the RTAs – COMTRADE, DOTS, WITS, WTO,
UNCTAD, WTC, WDIs
3.3 Tools and Techniques – Trade Indicators - Trade Intensity Index, Trade 15
complementarily index, Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA) index;
3.4 Trade Models - Gravity Model, Structural Gravity Model;
3.5 Simulation Techniques - WITS SMART analysis.

Unit IV: India’s Engagements with Bilateral and Multilateral Trade System

4.1 India’s Engagements with regional trade agreements –

4.2 India’s bilateral trade agreements- Singapore, Korea, Japan, Thailand, UAE
and Australia;
4.3 India’s trade agreements with regional groupings – SAFTA, ASEAN. 15
4.4 Trade agreements currently initiated/under consideration.
4.5 The political economy of Regional Trade Agreements.

52
Course Outcome:
1. Dynamics of the integration process of various types of regional trade and investment
agreements.
2. Costs and benefits of various integration schemes in terms of trade creation and trade
diversion.
3. India’s trade agreements and benefits thereof
Reading List:
1. DeRosa, Dean A. (2013) Regional Integration Arrangements: Static Economic Theory,
Quantitative Findings, and Policy Guidelines, World Bank Policy Research Working Papers.
2. Panagariya, Arvind (2000) "Preferential Trade Liberalization: The Traditional Theory and
New Developments." Journal of Economic Literature, 38(2):287-331
3. Jean-Pierre Chauffour and Jean-Christophe Maur, eds. (2011) Preferential trade agreement
policies for development. A handbook. World Bank.
4. A practical guide to trade policy analysis / contributing authors, Marc Bacchetta, Cosimo
Beverelli, Olivier Cadot, Marco Fugazza, Jean-Marie Grether, Matthias Helble, Alessandro
Nicita and Roberta Piermartini, Geneva: World Trade Organization: United Nations
Conference on Trade and Development, 2012.
5. Ram Upendra Das, Piyadasa Edirisuriya and Anoop Swarup (2010) Regional Economic
Engagements and the Free Trade Agreements - Analytical Insights and Policy Options,
World Scientific Publishing Co. Pvt. Ltd. Chennai.
6. Baldwin, Richard and Venables, Anthony. ‘Regional Economic Integration.’ in (Gene
Grossman and Kenneth Rogoff, eds). Handbook of International Economics, Vol. 3,
Amsterdam: North Holland, 1996.
7. Biswajit Nag and Debashis Chakraborty, India's Trade Analytics - Patterns and
Opportunities, First Edition, Sage Publishing, 2019.
8. Mia Mikic And John Gilbert, Trade Statistics In Policymaking - A Handbook Of Commonly
Used Trade Indices And Indicators - Revised Edition, Economic And Social Commission
For Asia And the Pacific, United Nations publication, 2009.
9. Ben Shepherd, The Gravity Model of International Trade:
10. A User Guide, ARTNeT Gravity Modelling Initiative, UNESCAP,2013.
https://artnet.unescap.org/publications/booksreports/ gravity-model-international-trade-user-
guide-updatedversion.
11. Peter A. G. van Bergeijk, Steven Brakman, The Gravity Model in International Trade:
Advances and Applications, Cambridge University Press, 2010.
12. Economic Survey (2019-20) Chapter 5, Ministry of Finance, Government of India, New
Delhi
(Note: Refer latest reference books)

53
 Environmental Economics
Course Code: B4ECO003T Credits: 04

Type of Course: DSC 18 Contact Hours: 60

Course Objectives: Environmental issues are becoming important in policy making and assessing
the welfare of the societies. The application of economic tools and principles to environmental
issues has gained lot of significance. Against this background, the paper aims at equipping the
learner with suitable tools and techniques to analyze environmental problems, dissect their cause,
evaluate the monetary consequence of policy intervention and suggest a suitable corrective action
for the maximization of the outcome, ultimately leading to attainment of sustainable development
Unit I: Elements of Economics of Environment Hours
1.1 Meaning, Nature and Scope of Environmental Economics;
1.2 Elements of Ecology;
1.3 Interaction between Ecological and Economic Systems; 15
1.4 Environment-Development-Poverty Nexus;
1.5 Sustainable Development-Concept and Operationalisation
Unit II: Economics of Natural Resource Use
2.1 Resource Taxonomy;
2.2 Economics of Exhaustible Resources- Scarcity Rents, Hotelling’s Theory of
Optimum Depletion and Recent Developments; 15
2.3 Economics of Renewable Resources;
2.4 Resource Scarcity as Limits to Growth; Pricing of Resources;
2.5 Energy and Economic Development; Loss of Bio-diversity
Unit III: Environmental Regulation
3.1 Market Failures - Externalities – Meaning and Types –
3.2 Divergence between Social Cost and Private Cost –
3.3 Market Failure – Internalization of Externalities - Pigouvian Solution -
Coase’s Theorem and Its Critique – 15
3.4 Property Rights Collective Action ––Public Goods and Externalities - Free
Rider Problem – Tragedy of the Commons;
3.5 Theory of Environmental Regulation- Command and Control Versus Market
Based Instruments, Standards, Quotas, Tradable Permits
Unit IV: Environmental Pollution and Valuation
4.1 Extent, Causes and Consequences of Degradation of Land, Water, Forests and
Air;
4.2 Common Property Resources – Contributions and Management;
4.3 Pollution Abatement; Climate Change-Extent, Impact, People’s participation
in management of natural resources (water and trees); 15
4.4 Environmental Regulation System in India
4.5 Valuation methods-Methods based on observed market behaviour; Hedonic
property values and household production models, Environmental Impact
Assessment; Integrated Economic and Environmental Accounting.

54
Course Outcome:
1. To understand meaning, nature, scope and importance of environmental economics and
ecology.
2. Understand various theories of natural resource taxonomy.
3. To understand Environmental Regulation, Pollution and Valuation
Reading List:
1. Barry C. Field, Martha K. Field. (2013): Environmental Economics - An Introduction, The
McGraw-Hill Co., New York.
2. Baumol, W.J. and W.E. Oates (1998): The Theory of Environmental
Policy, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
3. Bhattacharya, R. N. (Ed.) (2001): Environmental Economics: An Indian Perspective, Oxford
University Press, New Delhi.
4. Chopra, Kanachan and C. H. Hanamantha Rao (2007): Growth, Equity,
Environment and Population, Sage Publications, New Delhi.
5. Daly, H.E. (1999): Ecological Economics and Ecology of Economics: Essay and Criticism,
Edward Elgar, Cheltenham, UK, Northampton, MA, USA.
6. Hanley, N., J. F. Shogren, White, B. (2001): Introduction to Environmental Economics,
Oxford University Press, New Delhi.
7. Hanley, N., J. F. Shogren and B. White: Environmental Economics, Macmillan, New Delhi.
8. Hartwick, J. M and N. Olewiler (1986):The Economics of Natural Resource Use, Harper and
Row Publishers, New York.
9. Karpagam, M. (2012): Environmental Economics: An Introduction, Sterling Publishers, New
Delhi.
10. Kerr and Others (Eds.)(1997): Natural Resource Economics: Theory and Applications for
India, Oxford University Press, New Delhi.
11. Rangarajan C. (1998): Indian Economy: Essays on Money and Finance, UBS, New Delhi.
12. Sen, R. K. and B. Chatterjee (2001): Indian Economy: Agenda for 21st Century (Essay in
Honour of Prof.P.R.Brahmananda), Deep & Deep, New Delhi.
13. Sengupta, R. (2003): Ecology and Economics, Oxford University Press, New Delhi.
14. Shankar, U. (Ed.) (2001): Environmental Economics, (Readers in Economics) Oxford
University Press.
15. Singh, Katar and Anil Shishodia (2007): Environmental Economics;
Theory and Applications, Sage Publications, New Delhi.
16. Sinha, Udai Prakash (2007): Economics of Social Sector and Environment, Concept
Publishing Company, New Delhi.
17. Tietenberg, T, Lynne Lewis. (2016): Environmental and Natural Resource Economics, 10th
Edition, Pearson Education House, London.
18. World Bank (1992): World Development Report, 1992: Environment and Development,
Oxford University Press, New Delhi.
.(Note: Refer latest reference books)

55
 Indian Financial System, Markets and Instruments-II
Course Code: B4ECO004T Credits: 04

Type of Course: DSC 19 Contact Hours: 60

Course Objectives: The purpose of this paper is to provide theoretical knowledge in Financial
Institutions, Financial Market, Capital Market, Derivatives Market, Debt Market and New
Financial Instruments and to understand the behaviour of India’s financial sector

Unit I: Financial Markets Hours

1.1 Money Market: Introduction - Functions, Efficiency

1.2 The Indian Money Market-Role of RBI in the Money Market - Money Market
Centres - Steps to Develop Money Market in India
1.3 Money Market Instruments - Treasury Bills, Commercial Paper, Commercial
bills, Certificates of Deposit, Call/Notice Money Market, 15
1.4 Money Market Derivatives - Collateralised Borrowing and Lending Obligation
(CBLO)
1.5 Link between the Money Market and the Monetary Policy in India - Tools for
Managing Liquidity in the Money Market.
Unit II: Capital Market and Secondary Market
2.1 Introduction, History, Functions, Types, Scams and Reforms –
2.2 The Primary Market - Introduction, Free Pricing Regime and Book Building -
New Issue Mechanism in India,
2.3 Primary Issues, and Resource Mobilization form the Primary Market, Mutual
15
Funds
2.4 Introduction, Stock Exchanges National and Regional - Measures to boost
Liquidity in the Secondary Market - Market Making System
2.5 Impact of Reforms and Measures on Secondary Market Activities.
Unit III: Derivatives Market and Debt Market
3.1 Derivatives Market: Introduction - Forwards and Futures - Futures Trading
Strategies –
3.2 Options - Trading Strategies - Derivatives Market in India - Derivatives
Trading in India. 15
3.3 Debt Market: Introduction - Private Corporate Debt Market –
3.4 Public Sector Undertaking Bond Market
3.5 Government Securities Market.
Unit IV: New Financial Instruments
4.1 New Financial Instruments - Meaning - Floating Rate Bonds - Zero Interest
Bonds - Deep Discount Bonds –
4.2 Revolving Underwriting Finance Facility (RUFF) - Auction Rated Debentures
(ARD) - Secured Premium Notes (SPNs) with Detachable Warrants –
4.3 Non-Convertible Debentures (NCDs) with Detachable Equity Warrants -
15
Tradable Warrants –
4.4 Fully Convertible Debentures - Domestic Convertible Bonds - Differential
Shares - Securitized Paper –
4.5 Collateralized Debt Obligations (CDO) - Inverse Float and Perpetual Bonds -
Municipal Bonds. 56
Course Outcome:
1. Students would have knowledge regarding money market, capital market, stock
exchange i.e. Indian Financial System which is the backbone of the country.
2. To familiar students about the relationship between financial development and economic
development.
3. To impart knowledge to students about controller of financial system, e.g. RBI, SEBI,
etc.
4. Identify the existence and development of primary and secondary market, debt market,
new financial instruments which are utilize and effectively participate in the
development process
Reading List:
1. Bhole, L. M. (2000): Indian Financial System, Chugh Publications. Allahabad.
2. Edminster, R. O. (1986): Financial Institutions: Markets and Development, Yale, London.
3. Goldsmith, R. W. (1969): Financial Structure and Development, Yale, London.
4. Hanson, J.A. and S. Kathuria (Eds.) (1999): India: A Financial Sector for the Twenty First
Century, Oxford University Press, New Delhi.
5. Harker, P.T. and S. A. Zenios (2000) (Ed.): Performance of Financial Institutions,
Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
6. Johnson, J.J. (1993): Financial Institutions and Markets, McGraw Hill, New York.
7. Khan, M. Y. (2009): Indian Financial System, Tata McGraw-Hill Education, New Delhi.
8. Machiraju, H. R. (2010): Indian Financial System, Fourth Edition, Vikas Publishing House
Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi.
9. Ohlson, J.A. (1987): The Theory of Financial Markets and Institution, North Holland,
Amsterdam.
10. Parameswaran R and Natarajan S. (2013): Indian Banking: For the Students of B.com/B.A.
and Management Courses, S. Chand and Co Ltd, New Delhi.
11. Pathak, Bharati V. (2014): The Indian Financial System, Pearson Education, New Delhi
India.
12. Prasad, K.N.: Development of India’s Financial System, Sarup & Sons, New Delhi.
13. Robinson, R. I. and D. Wrightman (1981): Financial Markets, McGraw Hill, London.
14. Smith, P.F. (1978): Money and Financial Intermediation: The Theory and Structure of
Financial System, Prentice Hall, Englewood-Cliffs, New Jersey.
15. Vasant Desai. (2017): The Indian Financial System and Development, Himalaya Publishing
House, Mumbai.
(Note: Refer latest reference books)

57
 Rural Development in India: Institutions and Policy
Course Code: B4ECO105A Credits: 04

Type of Course: DSE 1 Contact Hours: 60

Course Objectives: The aim of this course is to familiarize the students with local institutions
involved in mobilization of the weaker sections of the society and motivating to take pro-active role
in rural development, to understand the institutions involved in provision of credit and marketing
facilities for rural development and to build the capabilities of the students to commit themselves for
development of rural areas by providing necessary inputs
Unit I: Introduction to Institutions Hours
1.1 Institutions- Meaning, Importance and Classification - Class and Caste,
Marriage, Family;
1.2 Rural Credit Institutions; Rural Markets; Co-operatives; Panchayat Raj
Institutions;
1.3 Non-Government Organisations, Shelf-Help Groups, Resource Users’
15
Association, Rural Leadership, Land Reforms
1.4 Co-operative Farming- Meaning, Importance, Forms, Progress and Problems
and Remedial Measures;
1.5 Co-operative Processing- Meaning, Structure, Importance, Progress, Defects
and Remedial Measures
Unit II: Rural Credit Institutions
2.1 Non-institutional Credit Lending Agencies
2.2 Institutional Credit Lending Agencies- Credit Co-operative Societies (PACs
and PCARDBs/PLDBs);
15
2.3 Commercial Banks; Regional Rural Banks;
2.4 Apex Institutions-RBI and NABARD;
2.5 Impact of Financial Sector Reforms on Rural Credit Delivery System
Unit III: Agricultural Marketing and Co-operative Societies
3.1 Agricultural Marketing-Meaning, Types and Defects and Government
Measures for Removal of Defects;
3.2 Co-operative Marketing Societies-Meaning, Structure, Importance, Progress,
Problems and Remedial Measures;
3.3 Regulated Markets- Meaning, Functions/Importance, Progress, Defects and 15
Remedial Measures;
3.4 Forward Marketing-Meaning, Importance, Progress and Prospects.
3.5 Co-operative Movement in India- Historical Perspective, Structure, Principles
and Role of Co-operatives in Economic Development;
Unit IV: Participatory Institutions and Micro Level Planning
4.1 Peoples’ Participation and Panchayat Raj Institutions (PRIs)- Structure,
Functions, Resources, Performance, Problems and Remedial Measures;
4.2 Non-Government Organizations (NGOs)-Meaning and Topology of NGOs,
15
Importance of NGOs;
4.3 Problems of NGOs and Remedial Measures;
4.4 Micro-level Planning and Peoples’ Participation

58
Course Outcome:
1. The objectives of this course are to familiarize the students with local institutions involved in
mobilization of the weaker sections of the society and motivating to take pro-active role in
rural development, to understand the institutions involved in provision of credit and
agricultural marketing facilities for rural development, co-operative societies, participatory
rural development institutions and micro-leveling planning.
2. At the end of the course, it will enable the students to understand various aspects of rural
development and build their institutional capabilities to commit themselves for
development of rural areas by providing necessary inputs
Reading List:
1. Bhose, Joel S. G. R. (2003): NGOs and Rural Development, Concept Publishing Company New
Delhi
2. Cheshire, Lynda, V. Higgins and G. Lwarence (2012): Rural Governance: International
Perspectives, Routledge, New York.
3. Crowell, Daniel W. (2005): The SEWA Movement and Rural Development, Sage Publications,
New Delhi.
4. Das, Purnendu Sekhar (Ed.) (2005): Decentralized Planning and Participatory Rural
Development, Concept Publishing Company, New Delhi.
5. Misra, R. P. and R. N. Achyutha (1998): Micro-Level Rural Planning: Principle, Methods and
Case Studies, Concept Publishing Company, New Delhi.
6. Palanithurai, G. P. (1999): New Panchayati Raj System at Work: An Evaluation, Concept
Publishing Company New Delhi.
7. Rajasekhar, D. (2004): Poverty Alleviation Strategies of NGOs, Concept Publishing Company,
New Delhi.
8. Rajasekhar, D. (Ed) (1999): Decentralized Governance and NGOs: Issues, Strategies and Ways
Forward, Concept Publishing Company New Delhi.
9. Rajasekhar, D. and R. R. Biradar (2004): Reluctant Partners Coming together: Interface
Between People, Government and the NGOs, Concept Publishing Company, New Delhi.
10. Singh, Katar (1986): Rural Development: Principles, Polices and Management, Sage
Publications, New Delhi.
11. Singh, Nagendra P. (Ed.) (1982): Role of Financial Institutions in Rural Entrepreneurship and
Development, MDI Publication, New Delhi.
12. Singh, R. (1990): Panchayat Raj and Rural Organizations, Chuagh Publications, Allahabad.
13. Sinha, S. K. (1998): Rural Credit and Co-operatives in India, Suneja Publishers, New Delhi.
14. Sreenivasa, Gowda, M. V. and Susheela Subrahmanya (1997): Infrastructure Development for
Economic Growth, Deep and Deep, New Delhi.
. (Note: Refer latest reference books)

59
 Time Series Modelling and Forecasting
Course Code: B4ECO105B Credits:04

Type of Course: DSE 2 Contact Hours:60

Course Objectives: This course is designed to give a thorough, applied and simple to comprehend
presentation of most of the procedures useful in modelling and forecasting time series data. Further
it aims at familiarising the students with recent advances in time series analysis that have affected
the developments of the theory of dynamic econometrics.
Unit I: Forecasting Time Series Models Hours
1.1 Introduction - Types of Forecasting Methods-Qualitative and Quantitative
Methods
1.2 Measuring the Accuracy of Forecasting Models
15
1.3 Statistical methods- Simple Moving Average Forecast
1.4 Trend Forecast;
1.5 Graphical Methods of Forecasting Accuracy
Unit II: Univariate Time Series Models
2.1 Univariate Time Series Models:
2.2 MA Model- Definition, Properties, Identification, Estimation and Forecasting;
2.3 AR Model- Definition, Properties, Estimation and Forecasting;
15
2.4 Mixed Auto Regressive Moving Average Models (ARMA) – Definition,
Properties, Parameters, Estimation and Forecasting
2.5 ARIMA models
Unit III: Vector Auto-Regressions and Models for Volatility
3.1 Introduction - Stationary and Non-Stationary Stochastic Process;
3.2 Testing of Unit Root;
3.3 Co-integration - Tests for Co-integration - Engel-Granger Test - Johansen
Test; 15
3.4 ECM; VAR and Causality, Some Problems with VAR Modeling;
3.5 Measuring Volatility – The ARCH (p) Model and GARCH (p, q) Model -
Their Application in Economics
Unit IV: Panel Data Models
4.1 Panel Data- Estimation
4.2 Fixed Effects Method
4.3 Random Effects Method 15
4.4 Fixed Effects v/s Random Effects Model
4.5 Hausman Test - Their Application in Economics

60
Course Outcome:
1. This course aims at understanding the procedures useful in modeling and forecasting time
series data.
2. It also aims at familiarizing the students with recent advances in time series analysis that
have affected the developments of the theory of dynamic econometrics.
3. Demonstrate the knowledge of applications of vector auto-regressions and models for
volatility, panel data models in Economics
Reading List:
1. Patricia, E Gaynor and R.C. Kirkpatric (1994): Introduction to time Series Modeling and
Forecasting in Business and Economics, McGraw Hill, New Delhi.
2. Gujarati, D. (2000): Basic econometrics, Mc Hill Pullution company, New York
3. Bowerman, B and R, O. Cannel (2000): time Series and Forecasting, Duxbury perm Boston.
4. Harvey, A. C. (2000): Econometric Analysis of Time Series, Phillip Allen, London.
5. Kerry Patterson: An Introduction to Applied Econometrics a Time series Approach, Macmillam
Pvt. Ltd.
6. Sufi M. Nazem 1988: Applied Time Series Analysis for Business and Economic Forecasting,
Marcell Dekker, Inc New York
7. Pindyck, R.S. and D.L. Rubinfield(2000); Econometric Models and Economic Forecasts,
McGraw Hill- Kogach Usha Tokyo
(Note: Refer latest reference books)

61
 Economics of Health
Course Code: B4ECO105C Credits: 04

Type of Course: DSE 3 Contact Hours: 60

Course Objectives: Attaining improved health and sustaining the economy is one of the key
objectives of the current development trajectory. It is important to understand several issues
relating to economics of health including concept, importance and measurement of health, financing
and evaluation of health care services and nexus between development of health sector and
economy in India
Unit I: Introduction Hours
1.1 Health Economics-Concept, Importance of Health Economics;
1.2 Scope of Economics of Health; Health as Commodity;
1.3 Determinants of Health– Poverty, Malnutrition and Environmental Issues; 15
1.4 Indicators of Health;
1.5 Nexus between Health and Economic Growth
Unit II: Demand for and Supply of Health
2.1 Nature of Demand for Health, Determinants of Demand,
2.2 Elasticity of Demand-Price and Income Elasticity; Models of Demand for
Health
2.3 Nature of Supply of Health; Health Production Function; 15
2.4 Pricing of Health Care Services-Drugs, Hospitals; Cost of Health Care
Services;
2.5 Market Failure; Externalities and Public Goods
Unit III: Financing and Evaluation of Health Care Services
3.1 Health Delivery Systems in India- Public and Private Financing of Health
Care; Health Insurance and Co-operatives-Concept, Schemes and Progress;
3.2 Expenditure on Health in India-Trends in Public and Private Expenditure;
3.3 Public and Private Health Infrastructures; 15
3.4 Evaluation of Health Services-Cost-Benefit Analysis (CBA), cost-
Effectiveness Analysis (CEA), Cost-minimisation and cost-Utility analysis;
3.5 Economic Reforms and Health Sector
Unit IV: Economic Development and Health Attainments in India
4.1 Life Expectancy- Concept, Male-female and Rural-urban Life Expectancy and
Regional Pattern of Life Expectancy;
4.2 Infant Mortality Rate- Concept and Trends and Determinants; Maternal
Mortality Rate-Concept and Trends and Determinants;
4.3 Fertility Rate-Concept and Trends in Fertility Rates; Crude Birth Rate and
15
Death Rates;
4.4 Nexus between Health and Economic Development;
4.5 Swachh Bharat Abhiyan/Clean India Mission; Review of National Healthy
Policy 2017.

62
Course Outcome:
1. To understand the basic concepts of health economics, scope and importance Of health
economics.
2. A better understanding of the economic theory of health through a study of Economic
models.
3. Learn to evaluate and interpret empirical findings in health and healthcare Services on the
basis of cost-benefit analysis.
4. Possess knowledge of the latest developments in pricing and policies of Health and
healthcare services.
Reading List:
1. Baru, R. U. (1998): Private Health Care in India; Social Characteristics and Trends, Sage
Publications, New Delhi.
2. Berman, Peter (1991): Health Economics, Health Financing and the Health Needs of
Poor, Women, and Children, Ford Foundation, New Delhi.
3. Berman, Peter and M. E. Khan (1993): Paying for India’s Health Care, Sage Publications,
New Delhi.
4. Carrin Guy (1984): Economic Evaluation of Health Care in Developing Countries: Theory
and Applications, Croom Helm, London
5. Charles Phelps (1991): Health Economics, Oxford University, Press, New
York
6. Charles, C. Griffin (1992): Health Care in Asia: A Comparative Study of Cost and
Financing, World Bank
7. Cooper, M. H. and Culyer, A. J. (1973): Health Economics, Penguin Book Ltd,
England.
8. Das Gupta, M., Chen, L. C. and Krishna, T. N (1996): Health, Poverty and Development in
India, Oxford University Press, Delhi.
9. Gopal, K. (1982): Economics of Health and Nutrition, Chaugh Publishers
10. Jack, William (1999): Principles of Health Economics for Developing Countries, World
Bank, Washington DC.
11. Panchamukhi, P. R. (2002): Economics of Health: An Introductory Review, Reading
Material, Indian Economic Trust
13. Panchamukhi, P. R. (1980): Economics of Health: A Trend Report, in ICSSR: A Survey of
Research Economics, Vol. VI, Infrastructure, Allied, Delhi.
14. Prasad, Sujata and C. Sathyamala (2006): Securing Health for All: Dimensions and
Challenges, Institute for Human Development, New Delhi.
15. Sarakar, Ashok Kumar (2005): NGOs: The New Lexicon of Health Care, Concept of
Publishing Company, New Delhi.
16. World Bank (1987): Financing Health Services in Development Counter:
An Agent for Reform, World Bank.
Zweifel, Peter and Friedrich Breyer (1997): Health Economics, Oxford University Press,
New York.
(Note: Refer latest reference books)

63
 DISSERTATION
Course Code: B4ECO006P Credits: 04

Type of Course: DSC 20 Contact Hours: 60

Course Objectives: Students are able to understand the report writing including review of
literature, profile of the study data analysis and interpretation and presentation of main findings of
the study.
Course Outcome:
After the completion of project report students will able;
1. To understand the basic research techniques, including review of literature, identification of
research problem, framing research objectives and formulation of hypothesis
2. A student can write research methodology and chapterization.
3. Learn to evaluate and interpret empirical findings in report writing.

GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS

I. CREDIT, WORKLOAD AND SYLLABUS EQUIVALENCE

1. One credit is equal to 1 hour theory teaching per week.

2. One credit is equal to 2 hour practical teaching per week.
3. One credit is equal to 15 hours theory syllabus per semester ( 1 Unit is equal to 15 Hours)
4. One credit is equal to 30 hours practical syllabus per semester (1 credit practical is equal to 2 hours/
week)
A. Workload for theory subjects
1. There shall be 16 hrs/week workload for Assistant Professor
2. There shall be 14 hrs/week workload for Associate Professor/ Professor/Senior Professor.
3. There shall be 2hrs/week workload relaxation for Guiding Ph.D. students
B. Workload for practical subjects
1. There shall be 20 hrs/week workload for Assistant Professor
2. There shall be 18 hrs/week workload for Associate Professor/ Professor/Senior Professor.
3. There shall be 2hrs/week workload relaxation for Guiding Ph.D. students
C. Workload for practical batches
1. A batch of 10-12 students shall have 1 teacher
D. Workload for Project
1. Students for projects / internship shall be preferably guided by permanent faculty for atleast10 students by
sharing equally among the permanent faculty. If remained excess shall be allotted to other teacher’s on
64
 roll on temporary basis.
2. If there are no permanent faculty, the students shall be distributed among the temporary teachers on roll.
3. There shall be maximum of 4 hrs/week workload for guiding the students for project work irrespective of
number of students.
II. ALLOTMENT OF SPECIALIZATION: While allotting specialization in 3rd and 4th semester,
minimum of 10 students shall have to select the specialization.
III. ATTENDANCE: 75% attendance is mandatory for every course (paper). No marks are reserved for
attendance. If the candidates fail to fulfill 75% attendance in any one of the course (paper) in the given
semester, such candidate is not eligible to appear for examination in all the papers and candidate has to get
the readmission for such semester. However, up to 20% attendance may be condoned with the supportive
documents for a student who represents University /State / National level sports, cultural and other events.
Monthly attendance shall be displayed on notice board.
IV. CREDIT AND MARKS EQUIVALENCE
1. Generally, 25% weightage for Formative assessment and 75% weightage for Summative assessment.
2. Up to 2 credits equal to 50 marks (12 marks Formative assessment and 38 marks summative assessment).
3. 3-4 credits equal to 100 marks (25 marks Formative assessment and 75 marks summative assessment).
4. 5-6 credits equal to 150 marks (37 marks Formative assessment and 113 marks summative assessment).
5. Example for 100 marks out of which 25 marks for Formative assessment i.e., Formative Assessment shall
be 05 marks for assignment / seminar and two internal assessments i.e.: 10 marks I.A. for 8th week and 10
marks for 14thweek of every semester.
V. Conduct of Examination
1. Formative assessment examination shall be conducted for 1hr. There shall not be any provision for
improvement. A special Formative assessment examination shall be conducted for a student who
represents University /State / National level sports, cultural and other events if a schedule is
overlapping.
2. 75 marks summative theory examination shall be conducted for 3 hrs and 38 marks for 1.5 hrs.
3. 75/ 38 marks Formative / Summative Practical examination shall be conducted for 4 hrs.
4. There shall be a single examiner for both even and odd semesters’ Formative Practical examination.
VI. There shall be a single examiner for odd semester Summative Practical examination and two examiners
for even semester Summative Practical examination.
VII. Assessment
1. Theory papers: There shall be a single valuation for odd semester theory papers preferably internal
examiner and one from internal and other shall be external examiner.
2. Project/Internship assessment
65
 A) For100 marks Project/Internship assessment (Wherever applicable)
i. Formative Assessment: Project/Internship assessment carrying 25 marks out of 100 marks Candidate
has to submit three Progress Reports; 8+8+9 Marks.
ii. Summative Assessment: Project/Internship assessment carrying 75 marks out of 100 marks
a. Project Report : 35
b. Presentation : 20
c. Viva-voce : 20
B) For150 marks Project/Internship assessment (Wherever applicable)
i. Formative Assessment: Project/Internship assessment carrying 37 marks out of 150 marks
Candidate has to submit three Progress Reports : 12+12+13 marks.
ii. Summative Assessment: Project/Internship assessment carrying 113 marks out of 150 marks
a. Project Report : 60
b. Presentation : 30
c. Viva-voce : 23
VIII. Passing criteria:
1. There shall be no minimum passing marks for Formative assessment.
2. Candidate has to score minimum 40% in summative examination and fulfill 40% of the maximum
marks including Formative assessment marks. For example: for 75 marks summative examination,
candidate has to score minimum of 30 marks (40%) and should score cumulatively 40 marks including
formative assessment in every course.
IX. DECLARATION OF RESULT
1. Candidate has to score 40% as above in all the courses to pass the semester end examination to declare
pass.
2. Percentage and Grading: Result shall be declared in terms of SGPA and at the end of four semesters
as CGPA. The calculation of CGPA is as under
3. If P is the percentage of marks secured (IA + semester end score) by the candidate in a course which is
rounded off to the nearest integer, the grade point (GP) earned by the candidate in that course will be
given as below.
Percentage (%) Grade(GP) Percentage (%) Grade(GP)
40 4.0 71-75 7.5
41-45 4.5 76-80 8.0
46-50 5.0 81-85 8.5
51-55 5.5 86-90 9.0
56-60 6.0 91-95 9.5
66
 61-65 6.5 96-100 10.0
66-70 7.0
Grade point of less than 4 shall be considered as fail in the course, hence, GP=0 and for the absent candidate
also GP=0
4. A student’s level of competence shall be categorized by grade point (GP), Semester Grade Point
Average (SGPA) and Cumulative Grade Point Average (CGPA) of the programme.
5. Semester Grade Point Average (SGPA): The SGPA is a ratio of sum of the number of Credit Grade
Points scored from all the courses (subject) of given semester to the total credits of such semester in
which the candidate studied. (Credit Grade Points of each course = Credits x GP).
6. Cumulative Grade Point Average (CGPA): It is calculated as below for 4 semester programme.
CGPA=(Credit1 x SGPA1) + (Credit2 x SGPA2) +(Credit3 x SGPA3) + (Credit4 x SGPA4) / Total
credits of programme (sum of credits of 4 semesters).
7. After studying and passing, all the credits prescribed for the programme the degree shall be awarded
with CGPA score after rounding off to second decimal and class distinguishing as second class, first
class, and distinction along with grade letter as under:
CGPA of the Class obtained Grade Letter
programme(Degree)
9.5 to 10.00 Outstanding A++
7.00 to 9.49 Distinction A+
6.00 to 6.99 First Class A
5.50 to 5.99 B+
Second class
5.00 to 5.49 B
4.00 to 4.99 Pass C
Less than 4.0 Fail/ Reappear D

8. Each semester Grade Card shall have marks and SGPA and final Grade Card shall have semester wise
marks obtained in all semesters, CGPA and % of cumulative marks obtained from all semesters.
9. There shall be Revaluation / Challenge valuations provisions as per the prevailing rules and
regulations.
10. Marks obtained from the OEC shall not be considered for award of CASH PRIZE / RANK / GOLD
MEDAL.
IX. MAXIMUM DURATION FOR COMPLETION OF THE PROGRAMME
A candidate admitted to any P.G. Programme shall complete it within a period, which is double the
duration of the programme from the date of admission.

67
 X. ANY OTHER TERMS AND CONDITIONS
Apart from the above, the prevailing rules and regulation are valid for any other matters which are not
addressed in this regard.

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

M.A. ECONOMICS
CHOICE BASED CREDIT SYSTEM
MODEL QUESTION PAPER

Max. Marks =75

Part-A

Answer Any FOUR of the following (5x4=20)

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Part-B
Answer Any FOUR of the following (10x4=40)
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
Part-C

Answer Any ONE of the following (15x1=15)

13.
14.

*****

68
 GUIDELINES FOR PROJECT WORK / DISSERTATION FOR MA ECONOMICS
PROGRAMME

A. Schedule for the Project Work

Activity Time-line Remarks

Student identifies
Problem Identification First week Problem for his/her study, in
consultation with the guide.
Finalization of the problem with
Review of Literature/ 2nd to 4th week justification
consultation

Research design and Synopsis 5th week Finalization of the research design
and preparation of synopsis incorporating
preparation the objectives, methodology and chapter
scheme
The guide shall review and finalize the
synopsis,
which is a 3-5 pages hard copy document to
Presentation of the Synopsis 6th week be
submitted to the Chairman with the
signature of
Guide and the Student.
Data to be collected, edited, coded,
Data collection and 7th to 9th tabulated and
prepared for analysis with the guide’s
processing week suggestions.
Students are expected to use appropriate
10th to 12th statistical tools and techniques for
Data Analysis week analyzing the
data.
12th to 16th Presenting the results in a standard format
Finalization and Submission week after
of dissertation due consultation with the guide.

E. Dissertation and Submission:

a. The dissertation shall be prepared using MS word processor with Times New
Roman font sized 12, on a page layout of A4 size with 1” margin on all three sides
and 1.5” on the left, with double line spacing and printed only on one side of the
paper. The dissertation shall be approximately of 60 pages, with about 40 pages of
text material.
b. The dissertation shall be submitted in a hard bound copy.
c. Students shall also submit a soft copy of the dissertation [CD], preferably a PDF
version.
d. The dissertation shall be submitted to the Chairman and to the Co-ordinator of P.G.
Programme or the Principal of the college where Master of Arts in Economics
program is offered. Colleges in turn shall submit all the reports and CDs of their
students along with a consolidated master list containing examination register
number, name of the student, and titles69of the dissertation to Registrar (Evaluation)
 before the commencement of IV Semester theory examinations. The same shall also
send to Chairman, Department of Economics, K.U. Dharwad.

F. Publication:
Students are expected to present their research findings in seminars/conferences/
technical events/fests or publish their research work in journals in association with their guide
with Karnatak University, Dharwad affiliation tag. Appropriate weightage should be given to
this in the evaluation of the dissertation.

Evaluation:
Project/Internship assessment is for 100 marks
i. Formative Assessment: Project/Internship assessment carrying 25 marks out of 100 marks
Candidate has to submit three Progress Reports with presentation; 8+8+9 Marks.
ii. Summative Assessment: Project/Internship assessment carrying 75 marks out of 100
marks
a. Project Report : 35
b. Presentation : 20
c. Viva-voce : 20
Formative Assessment and Summative Assessment Pattern is follows:

Project/Internship/ Dissertation Evaluation:

Project/Internship assessment is for 100 marks

i. Formative Assessment: Project/Internship assessment carrying 25 marks# out of 100

marks Candidate has to submit three Progress Reports with presentation 8+8+9 Marks
awarded by Chairman and Respective Guide (Average of both).
ii. Summative Assessment: Project/Internship assessment carrying 75 marks out of 100
marks
a. Project Report : 35 Single Valuation, by the expert appointed by BoE Chairman
b. Presentation : 20 Marks awarded by Chairman and Guide (Average of both)
c. Viva-voce : 20 Marks awarded by Chairman and expert nominated by Registrar
Evaluation (Average of both)

Viva-voce examination for 20 marks, which shall be conducted in respective

centres and or at KUD main Campus. The Chairman of the Department and an expert
appointed by the University who should be at Professor or Associate Professor level faculty
will conduct the viva-voce examination. The respective guides shall also be in the
examination board. The colleges/P.G. Centres shall make arrangements for such
examination including the payment of TA, DA and Honorarium to outside examiners.

70
 Table01: Break of marks of Formative Assessment (25):

After every presentation, student should submit respective progress report (undersigned by
guide) to the guide and a copy to the Chairman;
Particulars Presentation/ Report Marks Total
1st Progress Report with
8
Presentation
Formative
2nd Progress Report with
Assessment (25) 8 25
Presentation
3rd Progress Report with
9
Presentation

Table 02: Marks allocation for Progress Report/Dissertation

Sl. No Aspects Marks

1 Introduction and Methodology 03

2 Profile of the study area/ Background 03

3 Theoretical Background of the Study 04

4 Research Design 05

5 Data Analysis and interpretation 15

6 Presentation of the findings 05

Total 35

Table 03: Viva-voce Examination for 20 Marks

Sl. No Aspects Marks

1 Presentation and Communication Skills 03
2 Domain Knowledge 03
3 Research Design and application of quantitative tools 03
4 Results and suggestions 07
5 Presentations/Publications 04
Total 20

71
FORMATS:

i. SYNOPSIS

Page 1 Title, contact addresses of student - with details of the Guide

Page 2-3 Introduction with objectives, Review of relevant literature, objectives,
hypothesis, methodology expected results
Page 4 Time-Activity Chart

ii. FORMAT OF PROGRESS REPORT / DISSERTATION REPORT

a. COVER PAGE

(Title of the Report in Capital Letters)

BY

(Student Name)

(Exam Regn. No.)

Submitted to
Karnatak University, Dharwad
In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award of the degree of
Master of Arts in Economics

Under the guidance of

GUIDE
(Name)
(Designation)
Department of Studies in Economics,
Karnatak University, Pavatenagar, Dharwad-580 003

Or

Respective72College
2024-25
 b. DEDICATION (separate Page)

c. DECLARATION (separate Page)

I, the undersigned, hereby declare that the Project Report entitled “--------------------------------
------------------------
--------” written and submitted by me to Karnatak University, Dharwad in partial fulfilment of
requirements for
the Award of Degree of Master of Arts in Economics under the guidance of
Dr.________________________ is
my original work and the conclusions drawn therein are based on the material collected by
myself.
Signature
Place: Place of study
Date: (Name Research Student)

d. CERTIFICATE (separate Page)

This is to certify that the Project Report entitled “-----------------------------------------------------

-----------------------”
which is being submitted herewith for the award of the degree of Master of Arts in
Economics of Karnatak University, Dharwad is the result of the original research work
completed by Mr. _____________________
bearing Exam registration No (xxxx), under my supervision and guidance and to the best of
my knowledge and belief the work embodied in this Project Report has not formed earlier the
basis for the award of any degree or similar title of this or any other University or examining
body.

Signature of Research Guide

Signature of the HOD in Case of affiliated College
Place:
Date:
Signature of the Chairman/Principal
Place:
Date:

73
 e. CONTENTS PAGE
CONTENTS (Indicative)
Items Page No.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT Roman
LIST OF TABLES Roman
LIST OF FIGURES Roman
CHAPTER I: Introduction Arabic
CHAPTER II: Background / Profile of the Study Area Arabic
CHAPTER III: Research Design and Methodology Arabic
CHAPTER IV: Data Presentation, Analysis and Interpretation (Results
and Discussion) Arabic
CHAPTER V: Findings and suggestions Arabic
BIBLIOGRAPHY Arabic
ANNEXURE Arabic

f. LIST OF TABLES

(separate page)
Table No. Title of the Table Page No
1.1 Arabic
1.2 Arabic

2.1 Arabic
2.2 Arabic

3.1 Arabic
3.2 Arabic

4.1 Arabic
4.2 Arabic

5.1 Arabic
5.2 Arabic

The number of tables may be as required in a chapter

74
 g. LIST OF FIGURES (separate page)

Figure No. Title of the Figure Page No

1.1 Arabic
1.2 Arabic
2.1 Arabic
2.2 Arabic
3.1 Arabic
3.2 Arabic
4.1 Arabic
4.2 Arabic
5.1 Arabic
5.2 Arabic

The number of tables may be as required in a chapter

h. LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS
All the abbreviations used in the dissertation should be listed alphabetically here.

i. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

A 2-3 page document consisting of the gist of research carried out by the student
focusing on major findings and conclusions.

j. THE BODY OF THE DISSERTATION

k. BIBLIOGRAPHY

l. ANNEXURES INCLUDING THE QUESTIONNAIRE USED FOR THE

STUDY, If Any

75