List with more sophisticated linking words.
1. Cause and Effect
These words indicate a reason and its result.
• Because/Since/As – introduce reasons. E.g., Since it was late, we left the party early.
• Therefore/Thus/Hence – show logical consequences. E.g., He didn’t follow the instructions;
hence, he made mistakes.
• Consequently/As a result – indicate effects. E.g., She missed the deadline; consequently, she
lost marks.
2. Contrast
These words highlight differences.
• However/Nevertheless/Nonetheless – introduce opposing points.
E.g., The journey was long; however, we enjoyed it.
E.g., He was injured; nevertheless, he finished the race.
• On the contrary – expresses the opposite idea. E.g., Some believe money brings happiness; on
the contrary, many rich people feel lonely.
• Whereas/While – contrast two elements. E.g., She enjoys classical music, whereas he prefers
jazz.
3. Addition
These words introduce extra information.
• Moreover/Furthermore/What’s more – emphasize additional points.
E.g., The hotel was expensive; moreover, the service was terrible.
• Not to mention – introduces an important detail. E.g., The job is stressful, not to mention the
long working hours.
• Besides/In addition – add new information. E.g., She speaks Spanish. In addition, she
understands Portuguese.
4. Sequence/Time
These words show order or progression.
• Subsequently/Thereafter – indicate something happening after another event. E.g., He
graduated; subsequently, he moved to London.
• Eventually/Finally – mark the end of a process. E.g., They argued for hours but eventually
reached an agreement.
• Meanwhile/In the meantime – describe simultaneous actions. E.g., She was cooking;
meanwhile, he set the table.
5. Example/Clarification
These words introduce examples or explanations.
• For example/For instance – introduce an instance. E.g., Many cities suffer from pollution, for
instance, Beijing and Mumbai.
• Namely/That is (to say) – specify an exact detail. E.g., The company fired three employees,
namely, John, Lisa, and Ahmed.
• In other words/To put it differently – rephrase an idea. E.g., He is a polyglot. In other words, he
speaks multiple languages.
6. Conclusion/Summary
These words wrap up an argument.
• In conclusion/To conclude – introduce final thoughts. E.g., In conclusion, climate change is a
global crisis.
• To sum up/To summarize – briefly restate key points. E.g., To sum up, regular exercise
improves both physical and mental health.
• All in all/Overall – give a general summary. E.g., All in all, the trip was a fantastic experience.
Sure! Here are 25 advanced multiple-choice questions covering all the linking words from our
discussion.
Cause and Effect
1. He was absent from work for several days; ___, his boss decided to cut his bonus.
a) whereas
b) as a result
c) in other words
d) in the meantime
2. She had no experience in marketing; ___, she struggled to find a job in the field.
a) hence
b) in addition
c) on the contrary
d) whereas
3. The project was poorly planned; ___, it failed to meet the deadline.
a) in other words
b) for instance
c) therefore
d) meanwhile
4. The company’s profits have dropped significantly. ___, they are considering laying off
employees.
a) Subsequently
b) Consequently
c) In contrast
d) Furthermore
5. Many students failed the test ___ its high level of difficulty.
a) because of
b) whereas
c) in the meantime
d) on the contrary
Contrast
6. He enjoys modern art; ___, she prefers classical paintings.
a) for instance
b) on the other hand
c) as a result
d) in conclusion
7. The weather was terrible. ___, we decided to go hiking.
a) Nevertheless
b) Thus
c) In addition
d) Subsequently
8. He was expected to support the proposal. ___, he strongly opposed it.
a) That is to say
b) On the contrary
c) Therefore
d) For instance
9. She loves reading fiction, ___ her brother enjoys history books.
a) whereas
b) hence
c) in other words
d) thereafter
10. The two candidates are equally qualified. ___, their leadership styles are completely
different.
a) However
b) In the meantime
c) As a result
d) For example
Addition
11. The lecture was informative. ___, it was highly engaging.
a) On the contrary
b) Besides
c) Whereas
d) As a result
12. The new policy reduces costs. ___, it improves efficiency.
a) Furthermore
b) In contrast
c) On the other hand
d) For instance
13. He is a talented musician. ___, he composes his own songs.
a) For instance
b) In addition
c) Nevertheless
d) Whereas
14. She has won multiple awards. ___, she remains humble and down-to-earth.
a) For example
b) Moreover
c) On the other hand
d) Hence
15. They have invested in renewable energy. ___, they plan to reduce carbon emissions by 50%.
a) On the contrary
b) Besides
c) What’s more
d) Thus
Sequence/Time
16. He completed his training. ___, he was promoted to a managerial position.
a) Meanwhile
b) Subsequently
c) In contrast
d) Hence
17. The meeting started late. ___, we had to rush through the agenda.
a) In the meantime
b) Thereafter
c) For instance
d) In other words
18. They finished the main course. ___, the waiter served dessert.
a) For example
b) Eventually
c) Subsequently
d) Nevertheless
19. He worked hard for years. ___, he was recognized as the best employee.
a) Whereas
b) In contrast
c) Eventually
d) For instance
20. She was preparing dinner; ___, her husband was setting the table.
a) Meanwhile
b) Consequently
c) On the contrary
d) To sum up
Example/Clarification
21. Some professions require strong analytical skills, ___ data analysis and programming.
a) namely
b) in conclusion
c) hence
d) meanwhile
22. Many cities suffer from high levels of pollution, ___ Beijing and Delhi.
a) whereas
b) for instance
c) therefore
d) however
23. The economy is slowing down. ___, businesses are finding it harder to attract customers.
a) In other words
b) Nevertheless
c) On the contrary
d) Therefore
24. He was a skilled negotiator. ___, he managed to close the deal successfully.
a) For instance
b) Hence
c) On the other hand
d) Whereas
25. The company’s goal is to expand into new markets. ___, they are investing heavily in
marketing.
a) That is to say
b) In the meantime
c) Consequently
d) Nevertheless
Would you like me to format them in a printable worksheet or add explanations?
Sure! Here are 25 advanced multiple-choice questions covering all the linking words from our
discussion.
Cause and Effect
1. He was absent from work for several days; ___, his boss decided to cut his bonus.
a) whereas
b) as a result
c) in other words
d) in the meantime
2. She had no experience in marketing; ___, she struggled to find a job in the field.
a) hence
b) in addition
c) on the contrary
d) whereas
3. The project was poorly planned; ___, it failed to meet the deadline.
a) in other words
b) for instance
c) therefore
d) meanwhile
4. The company’s profits have dropped significantly. ___, they are considering laying off
employees.
a) Subsequently
b) Consequently
c) In contrast
d) Furthermore
5. Many students failed the test ___ its high level of difficulty.
a) because of
b) whereas
c) in the meantime
d) on the contrary
Contrast
6. He enjoys modern art; ___, she prefers classical paintings.
a) for instance
b) on the other hand
c) as a result
d) in conclusion
7. The weather was terrible. ___, we decided to go hiking.
a) Nevertheless
b) Thus
c) In addition
d) Subsequently
8. He was expected to support the proposal. ___, he strongly opposed it.
a) That is to say
b) On the contrary
c) Therefore
d) For instance
9. She loves reading fiction, ___ her brother enjoys history books.
a) whereas
b) hence
c) in other words
d) thereafter
10. The two candidates are equally qualified. ___, their leadership styles are completely
different.
a) However
b) In the meantime
c) As a result
d) For example
Addition
11. The lecture was informative. ___, it was highly engaging.
a) On the contrary
b) Besides
c) Whereas
d) As a result
12. The new policy reduces costs. ___, it improves efficiency.
a) Furthermore
b) In contrast
c) On the other hand
d) For instance
13. He is a talented musician. ___, he composes his own songs.
a) For instance
b) In addition
c) Nevertheless
d) Whereas
14. She has won multiple awards. ___, she remains humble and down-to-earth.
a) For example
b) Moreover
c) On the other hand
d) Hence
15. They have invested in renewable energy. ___, they plan to reduce carbon emissions by 50%.
a) On the contrary
b) Besides
c) What’s more
d) Thus
Sequence/Time
16. He completed his training. ___, he was promoted to a managerial position.
a) Meanwhile
b) Subsequently
c) In contrast
d) Hence
17. The meeting started late. ___, we had to rush through the agenda.
a) In the meantime
b) Thereafter
c) For instance
d) In other words
18. They finished the main course. ___, the waiter served dessert.
a) For example
b) Eventually
c) Subsequently
d) Nevertheless
19. He worked hard for years. ___, he was recognized as the best employee.
a) Whereas
b) In contrast
c) Eventually
d) For instance
20. She was preparing dinner; ___, her husband was setting the table.
a) Meanwhile
b) Consequently
c) On the contrary
d) To sum up
Example/Clarification
21. Some professions require strong analytical skills, ___ data analysis and programming.
a) namely
b) in conclusion
c) hence
d) meanwhile
22. Many cities suffer from high levels of pollution, ___ Beijing and Delhi.
a) whereas
b) for instance
c) therefore
d) however
23. The economy is slowing down. ___, businesses are finding it harder to attract customers.
a) In other words
b) Nevertheless
c) On the contrary
d) Therefore
24. He was a skilled negotiator. ___, he managed to close the deal successfully.
a) For instance
b) Hence
c) On the other hand
d) Whereas
25. The company’s goal is to expand into new markets. ___, they are investing heavily in
marketing.
a) That is to say
b) In the meantime
c) Consequently
d) Nevertheless
Here are the answers:
1. b) as a result
2. a) hence
3. c) therefore
4. b) consequently
5. a) because of
6. b) on the other hand
7. a) nevertheless
8. b) on the contrary
9. a) whereas
10. a) however
11. b) besides
12. a) furthermore
13. b) in addition
14. b) moreover
15. c) what’s more
16. b) subsequently
17. a) in the meantime
18. c) subsequently
19. c) eventually
20. a) meanwhile
21. a) namely
22. b) for instance
23. a) in other words
24. b) hence
25. c) consequently
Let me know if you need anything else!
Here are 10 challenging multiple-choice questions without marking the relationship between the
sentences.
1. The negotiations lasted for several months; ___, both parties finally reached an agreement.
a) nevertheless
b) subsequently
c) on the contrary
d) whereas
2. The new policy was intended to increase efficiency; ___, it led to confusion among
employees.
a) hence
b) however
c) therefore
d) that is to say
3. The scientist’s discovery was groundbreaking; ___, it challenged existing theories in the field.
a) as a result
b) in contrast
c) for instance
d) namely
4. Several employees resigned after the management change; ___, the company was forced to
delay its expansion plans.
a) meanwhile
b) as a result
c) whereas
d) that is to say
5. He had extensive experience in the field; ___, he struggled to adapt to the company’s work
culture.
a) consequently
b) nonetheless
c) namely
d) thus
6. The museum showcases a variety of ancient artifacts; ___, visitors can explore rare
manuscripts from the medieval period.
a) moreover
b) however
c) hence
d) on the other hand
7. The data suggests a correlation between sleep deprivation and cognitive decline; ___, more
research is needed to confirm causation.
a) therefore
b) in other words
c) yet
d) nevertheless
8. She completed her thesis last semester; ___, she has been focusing on publishing her research.
a) thereafter
b) similarly
c) on the contrary
d) for instance
9. The company has invested heavily in renewable energy; ___, it aims to reduce its carbon
footprint by 50% within the next decade.
a) subsequently
b) namely
c) what’s more
d) whereas
10. He was known for his generosity; ___, he donated a significant portion of his wealth to
charity.
a) in conclusion
b) for instance
c) otherwise
d) meanwhile
Let me know if you need more questions or answers!
