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2018 ap C - good practice

AP Physics C: Electricity & Magnetism (Centennial High School (Maryland))

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From the 2018 Administration

AP Physics C: Electricity
and Magnetism
Practice Exam

This exam may not be posted on Further distribution of these

school or personal websites, nor materials outside of the secure
electronically redistributed for College Board site disadvantages
any reason. This Released Exam is teachers who rely on uncirculated
provided by the College Board for questions for classroom testing.
AP Exam preparation. Teachers are Any additional distribution is in
permitted to download the materials violation of the College Board’s
and make copies to use with their copyright policies and may result
students in a classroom setting only. in the termination of Practice Exam
To maintain the security of this exam, access for your school as well as the
teachers should collect all materials removal of access to other online
after their administration and keep services such as the AP Teacher
them in a secure location. Community and Online Score Reports.

© 2018 The College Board. College Board, Advanced Placement Program, AP, AP Central, and the acorn logo
are registered trademarks of the College Board. Visit the College Board on the Web: www.collegeboard.org.
AP Central is the o昀케cial online home for the AP Program: apcentral.collegeboard.org

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Contents

Exam Instructions

Student Answer Sheet for the Multiple-Choice Section

Section I: Multiple-Choice Questions

Section II: Free-Response Questions

Multiple-Choice Answer Key

Free-Response Scoring Guidelines

Scoring Worksheet

Question Descriptors and Performance Data

Note: This publication shows the page numbers that appeared in

the 2017−18 AP Exam Instructions book and in the actual exam.
This publication was not repaginated to begin with page 1.

© 2018 The College Board. College Board, Advanced Placement Program, AP, SAT and the acorn logo are
registered trademarks of the College Board. All other products and services may be trademarks of their
respective owners. Permission to use copyrighted College Board materials may be requested online at:
www.collegeboard.org/request-form.

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Exam Instructions

The following contains instructions taken from

the 2017−18 AP Exam Instructions book.

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AP Physics C: Electricity
and Magnetism Exam
Regularly Scheduled Exam Date: Monday afternoon, May 14, 2018
Late-Testing Exam Date: Wednesday afternoon, May 23, 2018

Section I Total Time: 45 minutes

Calculator Allowed
Number of Questions: 35
(The number of questions may vary slightly depending on the form of the exam.)
Percent of Total Score: 50%
Writing Instrument: Pencil required

Section II Total Time: 45 minutes

Calculator Allowed
Number of Questions: 3
Percent of Total Score: 50%
Writing Instrument: Pen with black or dark blue ink, or pencil

Before Distributing Exams: Check that the title on all exam covers is Physics C: Electricity and Magnetism.
If there are any exam booklets with a di昀昀erent title, contact the AP coordinator immediately.

What Proctors Need to Bring to This Exam

Exam packets Container for students’ electronic devices (if needed)
Answer sheets Extra No. 2 pencils with erasers
AP Student Packs Extra pens with black or dark blue ink
2017-18 AP Coordinator’s Manual Extra paper
This book—2017-18 AP Exam Instructions Stapler
AP Exam Seating Chart template Watch
School Code and Homeschool/Self-Study Codes Signs for the door to the testing room
Extra calculators – “Exam in Progress”
Extra rulers or straightedges – “Cell phones are prohibited during the test
Pencil sharpener administration, including breaks”

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2017–18 AP Exam Instructions

Students are permitted to use rulers, straightedges, and four-function, scienti昀椀c, or graphing
calculators for the entire exam (Sections I and II). Before starting the exam administration,
make sure each student has an appropriate calculator, and any student with a graphing
calculator has a model from the approved list on page 52 of the 2017-18 AP Coordinator’s
Manual. See pages 49–52 of the AP Coordinator’s Manual for more information. If a student
does not have an appropriate calculator or has a graphing calculator not on the approved
list, you may provide one from your supply. If the student does not want to use the calculator
you provide or does not want to use a calculator at all, they must hand copy, date, and sign
the release statement on page 51 of the AP Coordinator’s Manual.

During the administration of Section II, students may have no more than two calculators on
their desks. Calculators may not be shared. Calculator memories do not need to be cleared
before or after the exam. Students with Hewlett-Packard 48–50 Series and Casio FX-9860
graphing calculators may use cards designed for use with these calculators. Proctors should
make sure infrared ports (Hewlett-Packard) are not facing each other. Since graphing
calculators can be used to store data, including text, proctors should monitor that
students are using their calculators appropriately. Attempts by students to use the
calculator to remove exam questions and/or answers from the room may result in the
cancellation of AP Exam scores.

Tables containing equations commonly used in physics are included in each AP Exam
booklet, for use during the entire exam. Students are NOT allowed to bring their own
copies of the equation tables to the exam room.

Students may take both Physics C exams, Mechanics only, or Electricity and Magnetism
only. The Mechanics exam is administered 昀椀rst, after which students taking both exams
are given a break. Then the Electricity and Magnetism exam is administered. Prior to
testing day, determine which students are taking only Electricity and Magnetism, and tell
them to report to the testing room at approximately 2 p.m. (1 p.m. in Alaska). You should
instruct them to wait quietly outside the room until told to come in, since students taking
Mechanics may not have been dismissed yet. If all students are taking Electricity and
Magnetism only, you must not begin the exam before 2 p.m.

SECTION I: Multiple Choice

› Do not begin the exam instructions below until you have completed the
appropriate General Instructions for your group.

This exam includes survey questions. The time allowed for the survey questions is in
addition to the actual test-taking time.

Make sure that you begin the exam at the designated time. Remember, you must complete
a seating chart for this exam. See pages 303–304 for a seating chart template and
instructions. See the 2017-18 AP Coordinator’s Manual for exam seating requirements
(pages 55–58).

If you are giving the regularly scheduled exam, say:

It is Monday afternoon, May 14, and you will be taking the AP Physics C:
Electricity and Magnetism Exam.

If you are giving the alternate exam for late testing, say:
It is Wednesday afternoon, May 23, and you will be taking the AP Physics C:
Electricity and Magnetism Exam.

232 AP Physics C: Electricity and Magnetism Exam

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2017–18 AP Exam Instructions

Look at your exam packet and con昀椀rm that the exam title is “AP Physics C:

AP Physics C: Electricity and Magnetism Exam

Electricity and Magnetism.” Raise your hand if your exam packet contains any
title other than “AP Physics C: Electricity and Magnetism,” and I will help you.

Once you con昀椀rm that all students have the correct exams, say:
In a moment, you will open the exam packet. By opening this packet, you
agree to all of the AP Program’s policies and procedures outlined in the
2017-18 Bulletin for AP Students and Parents.
You may now remove the shrinkwrap from your exam packet and take out the
Section I booklet, but do not open the booklet or the shrinkwrapped Section II
materials. Put the white seals aside. . . .
Carefully remove the AP Exam label found near the top left of your exam
booklet cover. Place it on page 1 of your answer sheet on the light blue box near
the top right corner that reads “AP Exam Label.”. . .
If students accidentally place the exam label in the space for the number label or vice
versa, advise them to leave the labels in place. They should not try to remove the label;
their exam can still be processed correctly.

Listen carefully to all my instructions. I will give you time to complete each
step. Please look up after completing each step. Raise your hand if you have
any questions.
Give students enough time to complete each step. Don’t move on until all students are ready.

Read the statements on the front cover of the Section I booklet. . . .

Sign your name and write today’s date. . . .
Now print your full legal name where indicated. . . .
Turn to the back cover of your exam booklet and read it completely. . . .
Are there any questions? . . .
You will now take the multiple-choice portion of the exam. You should have in
front of you the multiple-choice booklet and your answer sheet. You may never
discuss the multiple-choice exam content at any time in any form with anyone,
including your teacher and other students. If you disclose the multiple-choice
exam content through any means, your AP Exam score will be canceled.
Open your answer sheet to page 2. You must complete the answer sheet using a
No. 2 pencil only. Mark all of your responses beginning on page 2 of your answer
sheet, one response per question. Completely 昀椀ll in the circles. If you need to
erase, do so carefully and completely. No credit will be given for anything written
in the exam booklet. Scratch paper is not allowed, but you may use the margins
or any blank space in the exam booklet for scratch work. Rulers, straightedges,
and calculators may be used for the entire exam. You may place these items on
your desk. Are there any questions? . . .
You have 45 minutes for this section. Open your Section I booklet and begin.

Note Start Time . Note Stop Time .

Check that students are marking their answers in pencil on their answer sheets and that
they are not looking at their shrinkwrapped Section II booklets. You should also make sure
that Hewlett-Packard calculators’ infrared ports are not facing each other and that students
are not sharing calculators.

After 35 minutes, say:

There are 10 minutes remaining.

AP Physics C: Electricity and Magnetism Exam 233

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2017–18 AP Exam Instructions

After 10 minutes, say:

Stop working and turn to the last page of your booklet. . . .
You have 2 minutes to answer Questions 101–106. These are survey questions
and will not a昀昀ect your score. You may not go back to work on any of the exam
questions. You may now begin.
To help you and your proctors make sure students are not working on the exam questions,
the two pages with the survey questions are identi昀椀ed with a large S on the upper corner
of each page. Give students 2 minutes to answer the survey questions.

Then say:
Close your booklet and put your answer sheet on your desk, faceup. Make sure
you have your AP number label and an AP Exam label on page 1 of your answer
sheet. Sit quietly while I collect your answer sheets.
Collect an answer sheet from each student. Check that each answer sheet has an
AP number label and an AP Exam label.

After all answer sheets have been collected, say:

Now you must seal your exam booklet using the white seals you set aside
earlier. Remove the white seals from the backing and press one on each area of
your exam booklet cover marked “PLACE SEAL HERE.” Fold each seal over the
back cover. When you have 昀椀nished, place the booklet on your desk, faceup.
I will now collect your Section I booklet. . . .
Collect a Section I booklet from each student. Check that each student has signed the front
cover of the sealed Section I booklet.

SECTION II: Free Response

When all Section I materials have been collected and accounted for, say:
May I have everyone’s attention? Place your Student Pack on your desk. . . .
You may now remove the shrinkwrap from the Section II packet, but do not open
the exam booklet until you are told to do so. . . .
Read the bulleted statements on the front cover of the exam booklet. Look up
when you have 昀椀nished. . . .
Now take an AP number label from your Student Pack and place it on the shaded
box. If you don’t have any AP number labels, write your AP number in the box. Look
up when you have 昀椀nished. . . .
Read the last statement. . . .
Using your pen, print the 昀椀rst, middle, and last initials of your legal name in the
boxes and print today’s date where indicated. This constitutes your signature
and your agreement to the statements on the front cover. . . .
Turn to the back cover and, using your pen, complete Item 1 under “Important
Identi昀椀cation Information.” Print the 昀椀rst two letters of your last name and the
昀椀rst letter of your 昀椀rst name in the boxes. Look up when you have 昀椀nished. . . .
In Item 2, print your date of birth in the boxes. . . .
In Item 3, write the school code you printed on the front of your Student Pack in
the boxes. . . .
Read Item 4. . . .

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2017–18 AP Exam Instructions

Are there any questions? . . .

AP Physics C: Electricity and Magnetism Exam

If this is your last AP Exam, you may keep your Student Pack. Place it under your
chair for now. Otherwise I will collect all Student Packs. . . .
Read the information on the back cover of the exam booklet. Do not open the
booklet until you are told to do so. Look up when you have 昀椀nished. . . .
Collect the Student Packs.

Then say:
Are there any questions? . . .
Rulers, straightedges, and calculators may be used for Section II. Be sure these
items are on your desk. . . .
You have 45 minutes to complete Section II. You are responsible for pacing
yourself and may proceed freely from one question to the next. You must write
your answers in the exam booklet using a pen with black or dark blue ink or
a No. 2 pencil. If you use a pencil, be sure that your writing is dark enough to
be easily read. If you need more paper during the exam, raise your hand. At
the top of each extra sheet of paper you use, write only your AP number and
the question number you are working on. Do not write your name. Are there
any questions? . . .
You may begin.

Note Start Time . Note Stop Time .

You should also make sure that Hewlett-Packard calculators’ infrared ports are not facing
each other and that students are not sharing calculators.

After 35 minutes, say:

There are 10 minutes remaining.

After 10 minutes, say:

Stop working and close your exam booklet. Place it on your desk, faceup. . . .
If any students used extra paper for a question in the free-response section, have those
students staple the extra sheet(s) to the 昀椀rst page corresponding to that question in
their exam booklets. Complete an Incident Report after the exam (see page 67 of the
2017-18 AP Coordinator’s Manual for complete details).

Then say:
Remain in your seat, without talking, while the exam materials are collected. . . .
Collect a Section II booklet from each student. Check for the following:

ƒ Exam booklet front cover: The student placed an AP number label on the shaded box
and printed their initials and today’s date.
ƒ Exam booklet back cover: The student completed the “Important Identi昀椀cation
Information” area.
When all exam materials have been collected and accounted for, return to students any
electronic devices you may have collected before the start of the exam.

AP Physics C: Electricity and Magnetism Exam 235

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2017–18 AP Exam Instructions

If you are giving the regularly scheduled exam, say:

You may not discuss or share the free-response exam content with anyone
unless it is released on the College Board website in about two days. Your AP
Exam score results will be available online in July.

If you are giving the alternate exam for late testing, say:
None of the content in this exam may ever be discussed or shared in any way
at any time. Your AP Exam score results will be available online in July.

If any students completed the AP number card at the beginning of this exam, say:
Please remember to take your AP number card with you. You will need the
information on this card to view your scores and order AP score reporting
services online.

Then say:
You are now dismissed.

After-Exam Tasks
Be sure to give the completed seating chart to the AP coordinator. Schools must retain
seating charts for at least six months (unless the state or district requires that they be
retained for a longer period of time). Schools should not return any seating charts in their
exam shipments unless they are required as part of an Incident Report.

NOTE: If you administered exams to students with accommodations, review the 2017-18 AP
Coordinator’s Manual and the 2017-18 AP SSD Guidelines for information about completing
the NAR form, and returning these exams.

The exam proctor should complete the following tasks if asked to do so by the
AP coordinator. Otherwise, the AP coordinator must complete these tasks:

ƒ Complete an Incident Report for any students who used extra paper for the free-response
section. (Incident Report forms are provided in the coordinator packets sent with
the exam shipments.) These forms must be completed with a No. 2 pencil. It is
best to complete a single Incident Report for multiple students per exam subject, per
administration (regular or late testing), as long as all required information is provided.
Include all exam booklets with extra sheets of paper in an Incident Report return
envelope (see page 67 of the 2017-18 AP Coordinator’s Manual for complete details).
ƒ Return all exam materials to secure storage until they are shipped back to the
AP Program. (See page 26 of the 2017-18 AP Coordinator’s Manual for more information
about secure storage.) Before storing materials, check the “School Use Only” section on
page 1 of the answer sheet and:
Š Fill in the appropriate section number circle in order to access a separate
AP Instructional Planning Report (for regularly scheduled exams only) or subject
score roster at the class section or teacher level. See “Post-Exam Activities” in the
2017-18 AP Coordinator’s Manual.
Š Check your list of students who are eligible for fee reductions and 昀椀ll in the
appropriate circle on their registration answer sheets.

236 AP Physics C: Electricity and Magnetism Exam

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Student Answer Sheet for

the Multiple-Choice Section

Use this section to capture student responses. (Note that the following
answer sheet is a sample, and may differ from one used in an actual exam.)

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AP Exam Label PAGE 1

AP Number Label
(from Student Pack) (from Section I Booklet)
Answer Sheet 2018
AP FPO X123456789 X
COMPLETE THIS AREA AT EVERY EXAM. USE NO. 2 PENCIL ONLY E. EXAM G. ONLINE
D. EXAM DATE F. MULTIPLE-CHOICE BOOKLET
I am aware of and agree to follow the policies and procedures in the 2017-18 Bulletin for AP Students and Parents to C. YOUR AP NUMBER START PROVIDER
Month Day TIME SERIAL NUMBER CODE
maintain the security of the exam and the validity of my AP score. I understand and accept that my exam score may
be canceled if I do not follow these policies and procedures, if I disregard any exam day instructions, or if my exam is AM PM S
administered improperly. I certify that I am the person whose information appears on this answer sheet.
Sign your legal name as it will appear on your college applications. Date
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6 12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
A. SIGNATURE
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 7 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 8 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
B. LEGAL NAME Omit apostrophes, Jr., II. 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 9 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3
Legal Last Name — First 15 Letters Legal First Name — First 12 Letters MI 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 10 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4

5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 11 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5
A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6
B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7
C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8
D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9
E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E
COMPLETE THIS AREA ONLY ONCE. K. DATE OF BIRTH
F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F I. AREA CODE AND
G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G PHONE NUMBER J. SCHOOL YOU ATTEND Month Day Year
SCHOOL CODE School Name
H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H Jan
I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Feb 0 0 0 0
J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 Mar 1 1 1 1
K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 Apr 2 2 2 2
L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 May 3 3 3 3
M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 3 3 3 3 3 3 City Jun 4 4 4
N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 4 4 4 4 4 4 Jul 5 5 5
O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 5 5 5 5 5 5 State Aug 6 6 6
P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 6 6 6 6 6 6 Sep 7 7 7
Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 7 7 7 7 7 7 Oct 8 8 8
121586-00657 • TF11017E5500 • Printed in U.S.A.

Country
R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 8 8 8 8 8 8 Nov 9 9 9
S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S INTERNATIONAL PHONE 9 9 9 9 9 9 Dec
T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T
M. COLLEGE TO RECEIVE YOUR
U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U N. CURRENT
L. SOCIAL SECURITY AP SCORE REPORT
GRADE LEVEL
V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V NUMBER (Optional) COLLEGE CODE Using the college code listed
in the AP Student Pack,
indicate the ONE college Not yet in
W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W 11th
that you want to receive 9th grade
X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 your AP score report. 9th 12th
Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 College Name 10th No longer in
high school
Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2

– – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 O. STUDENT SEARCH SERVICE®

4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 Colleges and scholarship programs may
Exam Name: Form: Form Code: request your information to inform you of
H. AP EXAM I AM City
TAKING USING THIS 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 educational opportunities and financial aid.
Q4546/1-4

ANSWER SHEET 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 Would you like us to supply your information?

State
7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 Yes No
SCHOOL USE ONLY
801356 Section Number Fee Reduction Granted 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 Country
If you don’t answer and previously chose to
participate in this service, we will continue
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1 Option 1 2 Option 2 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 providing your information.

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PAGE 2
COMPLETE THIS AREA AT EACH EXAM (IF APPLICABLE).

P. SURVEY QUESTIONS — Answer the survey questions in the AP Student Pack. Do not put responses to exam questions in this section.

1 A B C D E F G H I 4 A B C D E F G H I 7 A B C D E F G H I

2 A B C D E F G H I 5 A B C D E F G H I 8 A B C D E F G H I

3 A B C D E F G H I 6 A B C D E F G H I 9 A B C D E F G H I

Q. LANGUAGE — Do not complete this section unless instructed to do so.

If this answer sheet is for the French Language and Culture, German Language and Culture, Italian Language and Culture, Spanish Language
and Culture, or Spanish Literature and Culture Exam, please answer the following questions. Your responses will not affect your score.
1. Have you lived or studied for one month or more in a country where the language of the 2. Do you regularly speak or hear the language at home?
exam you are now taking is spoken?

Yes No Yes No

QUESTIONS 1–75

Indicate your answers to the exam questions in this section (pages 2 and 3). Mark only one response per question
for Questions 1 through 120. If a question has only four answer options, do not mark option E. Answers written in
the multiple-choice booklet will not be scored.

A B C D You must use a No. 2 pencil and marks must be complete. Do not use a mechanical pencil. It
EXAMPLES OF
COMPLETE MARK is very important that you fill in the entire circle darkly and completely. If you change your response,
INCOMPLETE MARKS A B C D erase as completely as possible. Incomplete marks or erasures may affect your score.

1 A B C D E 26 A B C D E 51 A B C D E
2 A B C D E 27 A B C D E 52 A B C D E
3 A B C D E 28 A B C D E 53 A B C D E
4 A B C D E 29 A B C D E 54 A B C D E
5 A B C D E 30 A B C D E 55 A B C D E
6 A B C D E 31 A B C D E 56 A B C D E
7 A B C D E 32 A B C D E 57 A B C D E
8 A B C D E 33 A B C D E 58 A B C D E
9 A B C D E 34 A B C D E 59 A B C D E
10 A B C D E 35 A B C D E 60 A B C D E
11 A B C D E 36 A B C D E 61 A B C D E
12 A B C D E 37 A B C D E 62 A B C D E
13 A B C D E 38 A B C D E 63 A B C D E
14 A B C D E 39 A B C D E 64 A B C D E
15 A B C D E 40 A B C D E 65 A B C D E
16 A B C D E 41 A B C D E 66 A B C D E
17 A B C D E 42 A B C D E 67 A B C D E
18 A B C D E 43 A B C D E 68 A B C D E
19 A B C D E 44 A B C D E 69 A B C D E
20 A B C D E 45 A B C D E 70 A B C D E
21 A B C D E 46 A B C D E 71 A B C D E
22 A B C D E 47 A B C D E 72 A B C D E
23 A B C D E 48 A B C D E 73 A B C D E
24 A B C D E 49 A B C D E 74 A B C D E
25 A B C D E 50 A B C D E 75 A B C D E

FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY

R W O R W O
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 SELECTED MEDIA EXAMS OTHER EXAMS
Exam
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
PT02 TOTAL
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Exam PT03 Subscore (if applicable)
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
PT04 Subscore (if applicable)

DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA

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PAGE 3
QUESTIONS 76–120

Be sure each mark is dark and completely fills the circle. If a question has only four answer options, do not mark option E.

76 A B C D E 91 A B C D E 106 A B C D E
77 A B C D E 92 A B C D E 107 A B C D E
78 A B C D E 93 A B C D E 108 A B C D E
79 A B C D E 94 A B C D E 109 A B C D E
80 A B C D E 95 A B C D E 110 A B C D E
81 A B C D E 96 A B C D E 111 A B C D E
82 A B C D E 97 A B C D E 112 A B C D E
83 A B C D E 98 A B C D E 113 A B C D E
84 A B C D E 99 A B C D E 114 A B C D E
85 A B C D E 100 A B C D E 115 A B C D E
86 A B C D E 101 A B C D E 116 A B C D E
87 A B C D E 102 A B C D E 117 A B C D E
88 A B C D E 103 A B C D E 118 A B C D E
89 A B C D E 104 A B C D E 119 A B C D E
90 A B C D E 105 A B C D E 120 A B C D E

QUESTIONS 121–126

For Students Taking AP Biology

Write your answer in the boxes at the top of the griddable area and fill in the corresponding circles.
Mark only one circle in any column. You will receive credit only if the circles are filled in correctly.

121 122 123 124 125 126

/ / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / /

– . . . . . – . . . . . – . . . . . – . . . . . – . . . . . – . . . . .

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2

3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3

4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4

5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5

6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6

7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7

8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8

9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9

QUESTIONS 131–142

For Students Taking AP Computer Science Principles, AP Physics 1, or AP Physics 2

Mark two responses per question. You will receive credit only if both correct responses are selected.

131 A B C D 135 A B C D 139 A B C D

132 A B C D 136 A B C D 140 A B C D
133 A B C D 137 A B C D 141 A B C D
134 A B C D 138 A B C D 142 A B C D

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COMPLETE THIS AREA ONLY ONCE. PAGE 4

R. YOUR MAILING ADDRESS Use the address abbreviations from your AP Student Pack. Fill in only one circle per column. Indicate a space in your address by leaving a blank box; do not grid that column. V. SEX
COUNTRY
STREET ADDRESS (include street number, street name, apartment number, etc.) CITY ZIP OR POSTAL CODE CODE Female Male

W. WHICH LANGUAGE DO YOU

A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A 0 0 0 KNOW BEST?
B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B 1 1 1 English
C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C 2 2 2 English and another language
about the same
D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D 3 3 3 Another language

E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E 4 4 4

F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F 5 5 5 X. RACIAL/ETHNIC GROUP

G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G 6 6 6 Please answer both questions about

Hispanic origin and about race. For the
H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H 7 7 7
following questions about your identity,
I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I 8 8 8 Hispanic origins are not races.

J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J 9 9 9
(You may mark all that apply.)
K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K
a. Are you of b. What is your race?
L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L Hispanic,
Latino, or
American Indian or
M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M Spanish origin? Alaska Native
N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N No, not of Asian (including Indian
Hispanic, Latino, subcontinent and
O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O or Spanish origin Philippines origin)

P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P Yes, Cuban Black or African American

(including Africa and
Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Yes, Mexican Afro-Caribbean origin)

R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R Yes, Puerto Rican Native Hawaiian or other

Pacific Islander
S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S Yes, another White (including Middle
Hispanic, Latino, Eastern origin)
T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T or Spanish origin

U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U
V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V Y. PARENTAL EDUCATION LEVEL
In the first column, indicate the highest level of education of
W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W
one parent/guardian, and indicate whether this is your mother/
X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X female guardian or father/male guardian. Then, if applicable,
indicate the highest level of education of your other parent/
Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y guardian in the second column, and indicate whether this is
Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z your mother/female guardian or father/male guardian.

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 STATE MI NY VT 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Mother or female guardian

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 AK HI MN OH WA 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Father or male guardian

2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 AL IA MO OK WI 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 Grade school

3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 AR ID MS OR WV 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 Some high school

4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 AZ IL MT PA WY 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 High school diploma or equivalent

5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 CA IN NC RI Puerto 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 Vocational or trade school

Rico
6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 CO KS ND SC 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 Some college

7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 CT KY NE SD AA 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 Associate or two-year degree

8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 DC LA NH TN AE 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 Bachelor’s or four-year degree

9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 DE MA NJ TX AP 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 Some graduate or professional school

/ / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / FL MD NM UT Other / / / / / / / Graduate or professional degree

GA ME NV VA T. STUDENT IDENTIFIER (Student ID Number)
S. FOR STUDENTS OUTSIDE If your address does not fit in the spaces provided in Item R, fill in as
THE UNITED STATES ONLY many circles as you can, then fill in the circle in Item S and print the remainder of your address in the spaces provided.
Address City State or Province Country ZIP or Postal Code

By providing your email address, you are granting the College Board
U. EMAIL ADDRESS permission to use your email address in accordance with the policies
in the 2017-18 Bulletin for AP Students and Parents.

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Section I: Multiple-Choice Questions

This is the multiple-choice section of the 2018 AP Exam.

It includes cover material and other administrative instructions
to help familiarize students with the mechanics of the exam.
(Note that future exams may differ in look from the following content.)

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®
AP Physics C: Electricity
and Magnetism Exam
SECTION I: Multiple Choice 2018
DO NOT OPEN THIS BOOKLET UNTIL YOU ARE TOLD TO DO SO.
Instructions
At a Glance
Section I of this exam contains 35 multiple-choice questions. For these questions, fill in
Total Time only the circles for numbers 1 through 35 on your answer sheet. A table of information
45 minutes and lists of equations that may be helpful are in the booklet. Calculators, rulers and
Number of Questions straightedges may be used in this section.
35
Percent of Total Score Indicate all of your answers to the multiple-choice questions on the answer sheet. No
50% credit will be given for anything written in this exam booklet, but you may use the booklet
Writing Instrument for notes or scratch work. After you have decided which of the suggested answers is best,
Pencil required completely fill in the corresponding circle on the answer sheet. Give only one answer to
Electronic Device each question. If you change an answer, be sure that the previous mark is erased
Calculator allowed completely. Here is a sample question and answer.

Use your time effectively, working as quickly as you can without losing accuracy. Do not
spend too much time on any one question. Go on to other questions and come back to
the ones you have not answered if you have time. It is not expected that everyone will
know the answers to all of the multiple-choice questions.
Your total score on the multiple-choice section is based only on the number of questions
answered correctly. Points are not deducted for incorrect answers or unanswered
questions.

Form I
Form Code 4OBP4-S

82
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ADVANCED PLACEMENT PHYSICS C TABLE OF INFORMATION

CONSTANTS AND CONVERSION FACTORS
Proton mass, m p = 1.67 ¥ 10 -27 kg Electron charge magnitude, e = 1.60 ¥ 10 -19 C
Neutron mass, mn = 1.67 ¥ 10 -27 kg 1 electron volt, 1 eV = 1.60 ¥ 10 -19 J
Electron mass, me = 9.11 ¥ 10 -31 kg Speed of light, c = 3.00 ¥ 108 m s
Avogadro’s number, N 0 = 6.02 ¥ 10 23 mol -1
Universal gravitational
constant,
G = 6.67 ¥ 10 -11 Nm 2 ( ) kg 2

R = 8.31 J (mol K) Acceleration due to gravity

Universal gas constant,
at Earth’s surface, g = 9.8 m s2
Boltzmann’s constant, k B = 1.38 ¥ 10 -23 J K
1 unified atomic mass unit, 1 u = 1.66 ¥ 10 -27 kg = 931 MeV c 2
Planck’s constant, h = 6.63 ¥ 10 -34 J s = 4.14 ¥ 10 -15 eV s
hc = 1.99 ¥ 10 -25 J m = 1.24 ¥ 103 eV  nm
Vacuum permittivity, e0 = 8.85 ¥ 10 -12 C2 N  m 2( )
Coulomb’s law constant, k = 1 ( 4 pe0 ) = 9.0 ¥ 10 N m
9 2
( ) C2
Vacuum permeability, m0 = 4 p ¥ 10 -7 (T m) A
Magnetic constant, k ¢ = m0 ( 4 p ) = 1 ¥ 10 -7 (T m) A
1 atmosphere pressure, 1 atm = 1.0 ¥ 105 N m 2 = 1.0 ¥ 105 Pa

meter, m mole, mol watt, W farad, F

kilogram, kg hertz, Hz coulomb, C tesla, T
UNIT second, s newton, N volt, V degree Celsius, ∞C
SYMBOLS
ampere, A pascal, Pa ohm, W electron volt, eV
kelvin, K joule, J henry, H

PREFIXES VALUES OF TRIGONOMETRIC FUNCTIONS FOR COMMON ANGLES


Factor Prefix Symbol q 0 30 37 45 53 60 90
109 giga G sin q 0 12 35 2 2 45 3 2 1
106 mega M cos q 1 3 2 45 2 2 35 12 0
103 kilo k tan q 0 3 3 34 1 43 3 •
10 -2 centi c
10 -3 milli m The following assumptions are used in this exam.
-6 micro m I. The frame of reference of any problem is inertial unless otherwise
10
stated.
10 -9 nano n II. The direction of current is the direction in which positive charges
10 -12 pico p would drift.
III. The electric potential is zero at an infinite distance from an isolated
point charge.
IV. All batteries and meters are ideal unless otherwise stated.
V. Edge effects for the electric field of a parallel plate capacitor are
negligible unless otherwise stated.

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ADVANCED PLACEMENT PHYSICS C EQUATIONS

MECHANICS ELECTRICITY AND MAGNETISM

Ãx = Ãx 0 + a x t a = acceleration 1 q1q2 A = area
E= energy FE = B = magnetic field
1 2 4pe0 r 2
x = x0 + Ãx 0 t + at F = force C = capacitance
2 x
f = frequency FE d = distance
Ãx2 = Ãx 0 2 + 2 a x ( x - x0 ) E =
h = height q E = electric field
I = rotational inertia e = emf
a=
 F = Fnet   Q
Ú
J = impulse E  dA= F = force
m m
K = kinetic energy e0 I = current
dp k = spring constant J = current density
F = = length dV
Ex = - L = inductance
dt dx
L = angular momentum  = length
 
J = Ú F dt = Dp m=
P =
mass
power
DV = - Ú E dr
n = number of loops of wire
per unit length
p = mv p = momentum N = number of charge carriers
 rii
1 q
r = radius or distance V = per unit volume
4pe0 P = power
F f £ m FN T = period i
t = time Q = charge
1 q1q2
 UE = qV = q = point charge
Ú F dr
U= potential energy
DE = W = 4pe0 r R = resistance
v = velocity or speed
1 2 W= work done on a system r = radius or distance
K = mà DV =
Q
2 x = position t = time
C
m = coefficient of friction U = potential or stored energy
dE
P= q = angle C =
k e0 A V= electric potential
dt d v = velocity or speed
t = torque
  w = angular speed r = resistivity
P = F v Cp = Â Ci
a = angular acceleration i F = flux
DUg = mg Dh f = phase angle k = dielectric constant
1 1
=Â FM = qv ¥ B
Fs = - k D x Cs C
i i
Ã2
ac = = w2r
r
Us =
1
2
k ( Dx )
2
I =
dQ Ú Bid = m0 I
dt
t = r¥F
x = xmax cos( wt + f) m0 I d ¥ r
1 1 dB =
Ât t UC = QDV = C ( DV )2 4p r 2
a = = net 2p 1 2 2
I I T = =
w f R=
r
A
F = ÚI d ¥B
I = Ú r dm = Â mr
2 2
m Bs = m0 nI
Ts = 2 p E = rJ
k
 mi xi
xcm =
 mi Tp = 2p
I = Nevd A FB = Ú B dA
g
à = rw DV d FB
Gm1m2
I =
R
e = Ú E id =-
dt
FG =
L = r ¥ p = Iw r2
Rs = Â Ri e = -L
dI
Gm1m2 i dt
K =
1 2
Iw UG = -
2 r 1 1 1 2
Rp
= ÂR UL =
2
LI
w = w0 + at i i

1 2 P = I DV
q = q0 + w0 t + at
2

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ADVANCED PLACEMENT PHYSICS C EQUATIONS

GEOMETRY AND TRIGONOMETRY CALCULUS

Rectangle A = area df d f du
=
A = bh C = circumference dx du dx
V = volume
Triangle
S = surface area
d n
dx
( x ) = nxn -1
1
A= bh b = base
2 h = height (e ) = aeax
d ax
dx
Circle  = length
d
A = pr2 w = width
(ln ax ) = 1
r = radius dx x
C = 2p r
s = arc length d
s = rq q = angle dx
[sin (ax )] = a cos (ax)
Rectangular Solid
d
V = wh dx
[cos (ax )] = - a sin (ax)
Cylinder s
1 n +1
Úx dx = x , n π -1
r n
V = pr 2 n +1
q
1 ax
S = 2p r + 2p r Úe dx =
2 ax
e
a
Sphere
dx
4
V = pr3
Úx+a = ln x + a
3
1
S = 4p r 2 Ú cos (ax) dx = a sin (ax)
1
Right Triangle Ú sin (ax) dx = - a cos (ax)
a 2 + b2 = c2
VECTOR PRODUCTS
sin q =
a  
c A B = AB cosq
c
cos q =
b a A ¥ B = AB sin q
c q 90°
b
a
tan q =
b

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PHYSICS C: ELECTRICITY AND MAGNETISM

SECTION I
Time—45 minutes
35 Questions

Directions: Each of the questions or incomplete statements below is followed by five suggested answers or
completions. Select the one that is best in each case and then fill in the corresponding circle on the answer sheet.

Questions 1-2 1. If the magnitude of the electric field at point X

is E, what is the magnitude of the electric field
at point Y?
(A) E 4
(B) E 2
(C) E
(D) 2 E
(E) 4 E

2. A positive point charge +q is released from rest

at point X. If the magnitude of the electric field
at point X is E, what is the kinetic energy of the
charge at point Y?
The figure above shows a thin, square,
nonconducting sheet of positive charge uniformly (A) qEd
distributed over its area. The length of each side of (B) 2qEd
the sheet is a. Point C is at the center of the sheet. (C) 2qEd
Point X is a distance d above the center of the sheet,
and point Y is a distance 2d above the center of the (D) 2 2qEd
sheet. Assume a >> d. The effect of gravity is (E) 4qEd
negligible.

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4. Which of the following could be true for a

Gaussian surface through which the net flux
is zero?
I. There are no charges inside the surface.
II. The net charge enclosed by the surface is
zero.
III. The electric field is zero everywhere on the
surface.
3. Capacitors C1 and C2 are connected as shown in (A) I only
(B) II only
the circuit above. The capacitance of C1 is C, and
(C) III only
the capacitance of C2 is C 3 . The equivalent (D) I and II only
capacitance between points A and B is CEQ . A (E) I, II, and III
dielectric is inserted into capacitor C2 , and the
equivalent capacitance between points A and B is
now 2CEQ . What is the value of the dielectric
constant for this dielectric?
(A) 2
(B) 3
(C) 4
(D) 5
(E) The value cannot be determined without
knowing the value of C.

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5. A square coil with sides of length 1.0 cm is moved through a region of uniform magnetic field at a constant
speed, as shown in the figure above. Which of the following graphs best shows the current I in the coil as a
function of the position x of the right edge as the coil moves through the magnetic field, where counterclockwise
current is positive?
(A) (B)

(C) (D)

(E)

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7. An inductor with inductance L = 0.30 H is

connected in series with a resistor and both
are connected to a power supply, as shown
6. The y-component of the magnetic field B is
above. The power supply generates a current I
given as a function of time t by the equation that is given as a function of time t by the
B y = −α + β t , where α = 4.0 T and equation I = I 0 (1 - t k ) , where I 0 = 4.0 A
β = 3.0 T s. A coil of wire with an area of and k = 2.0 s . What is the magnitude of the
2.0 m 2 and a resistance of 6.0 Ω is placed in this potential difference across the inductor
induced by the changing current?
field, parallel to the xz-plane at y= 2.0 cm. The
(A) 0.15 V
current in the coil at time t = 1.2 s is most nearly (B) 0.30 V
(A) 0 (C) 0.60 V
(B) 0.60 A (D) 1.2 V
(C) 1.0 A (E) 2.4 V
(D) 3.6 A
(E) 6.0 A 8. A parallel plate capacitor with air between the
plates is charged and then disconnected from the
source of emf. If the space between the plates is
now filled with a dielectric, what happens to the
capacitance of the capacitor and the magnitude of
the electric field between the plates?
Magnitude of the
Capacitance Electric Field
(A) Increases Increases
(B) Increases Remains constant
(C) Increases Decreases
(D) Decreases Increases
(E) Decreases Decreases

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Questions 9-11

10. After being brought into contact with conductor

X, conductor Y is moved a very large distance
away from conductor X. What is the total electric
flux through a closed cubical surface surrounding
The figure above shows two charged spherical
conductors, X and Y, which are equal in size. conductor X, as shown above?
When each conductor is isolated and surrounded (A) - 3 F 0
by a closed cubical surface, the total electric flux 3
through the surfaces is +Φ 0 for conductor X and (B) - F 0
2
− 4Φ 0 for conductor Y. 1
(C) F
2 0
(D) F0
3
(E) F
2 0

9. Conductor Y is brought into contact with

conductor X and then separated. If the separation
is small so that both conductors are inside the
same closed cubical surface, as shown above, 11. Conductor Y is then moved closer to
what is the total electric flux through the surface? conductor X until it is just outside a closed
(A) -3F 0 cubical surface containing conductor X, as shown
in the figure above. How would the total electric
5
(B) - F0 flux through the cubical surface change as
2 conductor Y is moving?
3
(C) - F0
2 (A) It would increase.
5 (B) It would decrease.
(D) F
2 0 (C) It would change sign.
(E) It cannot be determined without knowing the (D) It would remain constant, with the flux
distance separating the two conductors and through each side of the surface also
the individual charges on each. remaining constant.
(E) It would remain constant, but the flux
through each side of the cubical surface
would change.

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13. Which of the following will increase the magnetic

field on the axis of a long solenoid?
I. Increasing the current in the solenoid
II. Increasing the cross-sectional area of the
solenoid
III. Inserting an iron core into the solenoid
(A) I only
(B) III only
12. A conducting rod of resistance Ris in electrical (C) I and III only
contact with a frictionless U-shaped rail of (D) II and III only
(E) I, II, and III
width L and negligible resistance. The rod is

pulled to the right at a constant velocity v .

A magnetic field B is directed into the page,
as shown in the figure above. Under these
conditions, the electric power dissipated in the
rod is P. If the velocity of the rod is doubled, the
power dissipated in the rod is
(A) P 4
(B) P 2
(C) P
(D) 2P
(E) 4P

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14. Three long wires, R, S, and T, are in the positions and

carrying the currents indicated in the figure above. All
currents are in the plane of the page and in the direction
indicated. What are the magnitude and direction of the
magnetic field at the origin?
Magnitude Direction
µ0 I
(A) Into the page
π
µ0 I
(B) Out of the page
π
2 µ0 I
(C) Into the page
π
2 µ0 I
(D) Out of the page
π
4 µ0 I
(E) Out of the page
π

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16. Two long, straight parallel wires X and Y are

15. A positively charged particle travels along the separated by a distance d and carry currents I and
path shown in the figure above through region 1 2I, as shown in the figure above. The force on
and between two parallel plates in region 2. A wire X has magnitude F. If the current in each
magnetic field exists in region 1, and one of the wire is both doubled and reversed in direction,
plates in region 2 is at a higher potential than the which of the following is true of the magnitude
other. What is the direction of the magnetic field and direction of the new force on wire X?
in region 1, and which plate is at a higher Magnitude Direction
potential in region 2 ?
(A) F Unchanged
Region 1 Plate at Higher Potential (B) 2F Reversed
(A) Out of the page Top plate (C) 2F Unchanged
(B) Out of the page Bottom plate (D) 4F Reversed
(C) Into the page Top plate (E) 4F Unchanged
(D) Into the page Bottom plate
(E) To the right Bottom plate

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Questions 17-18 19. The magnetic field at a perpendicular distance r

from a long, straight current-carrying wire is
directly proportional to
(A) r
(B) r 2
(C) 1 r
(D) 1 r 2
(E) ln (r )

Three identical spheres are equally spaced from

one another. Spheres 1 and 2 have charge +Q, and
sphere 3 has a charge of –Q, as shown in the figure
above. Five different positions are labeled A, B, C, D,
and E. Positions A, B, and C are all the same distance
from sphere 3. Positions C, D, and E are all the same
distance from sphere 2. All spheres and points lie in
the same plane.

17. The electric potential is highest at position

(A) A
(B) B
(C) C
(D) D
(E) E

18. At which of the five positions are the horizontal

and vertical components of the electric field
directed toward the left and the top of the page,
respectively?
(A) A
(B) B
(C) C
(D) D
(E) E

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Questions 20-21 21. All switches are open, and there is no stored
energy in the capacitor or the inductor. Switch S1
is closed. After the capacitor is fully charged,
switch S1 is opened and switch S 2 is closed.
Which of the following expressions represents the
maximum current in the LC circuit?

(A)
ε
R
C
(B) εL
A circuit is constructed using a battery of
emf ε , a resistor of resistance R, a capacitor of
L
(C) ε
C
capacitance C, an inductor of inductance L, and εC
three switches, as shown in the figure above. (D)
L
The three switches are labeled S1 , S2 , and S3 , εL
(E)
and they can be operated independently. C

20. All switches are open, and there is no stored

energy in the capacitor or the inductor.
Switch S3 is closed. What is the current in the
inductor after steady state has been reached?

(A)
ε
LR
(B)
ε R
L
(C)
ε L
R
(D)
ε
R
(E) Zero

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Questions 22-23 24. Two stationary point charges of unknown

magnitude and sign are isolated from all other
charges. If the electric field strength is zero at the
midpoint of the line joining them, which of the
following can be concluded about the charges?
(A) They are equal in magnitude but opposite in
sign.
(B) They are equal in magnitude and have the
same sign.
After the switch is closed in the circuit above, the (C) They are not necessarily equal in magnitude
( )
current in the circuit is given by i = I 1 - e -t t ,
but have opposite signs.
(D) They are not necessarily equal in magnitude
where I and t are constants. but have the same sign.
(E) None of the above can be concluded without
additional information.
22. What is the value of I ?
(A) 0
(B) 0.001 A
(C) 0.80 A
(D) 1.0 A
(E) 4.0 A

23. What is the value of t ?

(A) 1.0 ¥ 10 -5 s
(B) 2.5 ¥ 10 -4 s
(C) 1.0 s
(D) 4.0 ¥ 103 s
(E) 1.0 ¥ 10 5 s

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25. A charged capacitor C, resistor R, and switch S

are connected in series. Voltmeter V is connected
in parallel with the resistor, as shown in the figure
above. At time t = 0, the switch is then closed.
Which of the following shows the potential
difference ∆V reading on the voltmeter as a 26. Two concentric circular wire loops carry equal
function of time t after the switch is closed? currents I in opposite directions, as shown in the
figure above. The inner loop has a radius a and
(A) carries a counterclockwise current. The outer loop
has a radius b and carries a clockwise current.
What is the magnitude and direction of the
magnetic field at the center of the loops?
Magnitude Direction
µ0 I 1
(B)
(A)
2 ( a − b1 ) Out of the page

µ0 I 1
(B)
2 ( a − b1 ) Into the page

(C) Zero Undefined since

(C) magnitude is zero
µ0 I 1 1
(D) (
2π a b
− ) Out of the page

µ0 I 1 1
(E) (
2π a b
− ) Into the page
(D)

(E)

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29. When a battery is connected to an external

resistance R, as shown above on the left,
27. A positively charged particle moves in the there is a current I in the circuit. When the
positive x-direction in a uniform magnetic field external resistance is changed to 3R, the
directed in the positive y-direction. The net force current changes to I 2 , as shown above on
on the particle could be zero if there is also an the right. What is the internal resistance r
electric field present in the of the battery?
(A) positive z-direction (A) R 4
(B) negative z-direction
(C) positive x-direction (B) R 2
(D) negative x-direction (C) R
(E) negative y-direction (D) 2R
(E) 4R

30. The advantage of using a dielectric in a capacitor

is that it
(A) increases the capacitance of the capacitor
(B) increases the conductivity of the capacitor
(C) decreases the charging time of the capacitor
(D) makes the capacitor dissipate less power
(E) eliminates the electric field in the capacitor
28. Three identical capacitors with capacitance C are
arranged as shown above. What is the equivalent
capacitance between points A and B?
(A) C 3
(B) 2C 3
(C) C
(D) 3C 2
(E) 3C

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Questions 31-33 32. The electric potential at point P due to the two
spheres is
(A) zero

Q
(B)
4pe0 a
Q
(C)
4pe0 a 2
Two small spheres have charges +Q and -Q and 2Q
(D)
are located at the bottom corners of an equilateral 4pe0 a
triangle, as shown in the figure above. The equilateral
triangle has sides of length a, and point P is at the top 2Q
(E)
corner of the triangle. 4 pe0 a 2

31. The potential energy stored in the charge

33. The direction of the electric field at point P due to
configuration shown is
the two spheres is
Q2 (A) to the left
(A)
4πε 0 a (B) to the right
(C) toward the bottom of the page
Q (D) toward the top of the page
(B)
4pe0 a 2 (E) undefined, because the magnitude of the
electric field at point P is zero
(C) zero

Q
(D) -
4pe0 a 2
Q2
(E) -
4pe0 a

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34. An inductor and two resistors are connected to

an ideal battery, as shown in the figure above.
What is the time constant for the circuit?
(A) 0.22 µs
(B) 0.33 µs 35. A bar magnet with its south pole pointing down is
(C) 0.67 µs released from rest and falls through a wire coil, as
(D) 1.0 µs shown above. A resistor is connected across the
two ends of the coil. What current would be
(E) 72 µs
produced in the coil, as observed by a person
directly above the coil?
(A) A clockwise current only
(B) A counterclockwise current only
(C) A current that is first clockwise and then
counterclockwise
(D) A current that is first counterclockwise and
then clockwise
(E) No current would be produced.

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STOP
END OF ELECTRICITY AND MAGNETISM SECTION I
IF YOU FINISH BEFORE TIME IS CALLED,
YOU MAY CHECK YOUR WORK ON ELECTRICITY AND MAGNETISM SECTION I ONLY.

DO NOT TURN TO ANY OTHER TEST MATERIALS.

MAKE SURE YOU HAVE DONE THE FOLLOWING.

• PLACED YOUR AP NUMBER LABEL ON YOUR ANSWER SHEET

• WRITTEN AND GRIDDED YOUR AP NUMBER CORRECTLY ON YOUR

ANSWER SHEET

• TAKEN THE AP EXAM LABEL FROM THE FRONT OF THIS BOOKLET

AND PLACED IT ON YOUR ANSWER SHEET

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Section II: Free-Response Questions

This is the free-response section of the 2018 AP Exam.

It includes cover material and other administrative instructions
to help familiarize students with the mechanics of the exam.
(Note that future exams may differ in look from the following content.)

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®
AP Physics C: Electricity
and Magnetism Exam
SECTION II: Free Response 2018
DO NOT OPEN THIS BOOKLET UNTIL YOU ARE TOLD TO DO SO.

At a Glance
Total Time
45 minutes
Number of Questions
3
Percent of Total Score
50%
Writing Instrument
Either pencil or pen with
black or dark blue ink
Electronic Device
Calculator allowed
Weight
The questions are
weighted equally.

Instructions
The questions for Section II are printed in this booklet. You may use any blank space in
the booklet for scratch work, but you must write your answers in the spaces provided for
each answer. A table of information and lists of equations that may be helpful are in the
booklet. Calculators, rulers, and straightedges may be used in this section.
All final numerical answers should include appropriate units. Credit for your work
depends on demonstrating that you know which physical principles would be appropriate
to apply in a particular situation. Therefore, you should show your work for each part in
the space provided after that part. If you need more space, be sure to clearly indicate
where you continue your work. Credit will be awarded only for work that is clearly
designated as the solution to a specific part of a question. Credit also depends on the
quality of your solutions and explanations, so you should show your work.
Write clearly and legibly. Cross out any errors you make; erased or crossed-out work will
not be scored. You may lose credit for incorrect work that is not crossed out.
Manage your time carefully. You may proceed freely from one question to the next. You
may review your responses if you finish before the end of the exam is announced.

Form I
Form Code 4OBP4-S

82
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ADVANCED PLACEMENT PHYSICS C TABLE OF INFORMATION

CONSTANTS AND CONVERSION FACTORS
Proton mass, m p = 1.67 ¥ 10 -27 kg Electron charge magnitude, e = 1.60 ¥ 10 -19 C
Neutron mass, mn = 1.67 ¥ 10 -27 kg 1 electron volt, 1 eV = 1.60 ¥ 10 -19 J
Electron mass, me = 9.11 ¥ 10 -31 kg Speed of light, c = 3.00 ¥ 108 m s
Avogadro’s number, N 0 = 6.02 ¥ 10 23 mol -1
Universal gravitational
constant,
G = 6.67 ¥ 10 -11 Nm 2 ( ) kg 2

R = 8.31 J (mol K) Acceleration due to gravity

Universal gas constant,
at Earth’s surface, g = 9.8 m s2
Boltzmann’s constant, k B = 1.38 ¥ 10 -23 J K
1 unified atomic mass unit, 1 u = 1.66 ¥ 10 -27 kg = 931 MeV c 2
Planck’s constant, h = 6.63 ¥ 10 -34 J s = 4.14 ¥ 10 -15 eV s
hc = 1.99 ¥ 10 -25 J m = 1.24 ¥ 103 eV  nm
Vacuum permittivity, e0 = 8.85 ¥ 10 -12 C2 N  m 2( )
Coulomb’s law constant, k = 1 ( 4 pe0 ) = 9.0 ¥ 10 N m
9 2
( ) C2
Vacuum permeability, m0 = 4 p ¥ 10 -7 (T m) A
Magnetic constant, k ¢ = m0 ( 4 p ) = 1 ¥ 10 -7 (T m) A
1 atmosphere pressure, 1 atm = 1.0 ¥ 105 N m 2 = 1.0 ¥ 105 Pa

meter, m mole, mol watt, W farad, F

kilogram, kg hertz, Hz coulomb, C tesla, T
UNIT second, s newton, N volt, V degree Celsius, ∞C
SYMBOLS
ampere, A pascal, Pa ohm, W electron volt, eV
kelvin, K joule, J henry, H

PREFIXES VALUES OF TRIGONOMETRIC FUNCTIONS FOR COMMON ANGLES


Factor Prefix Symbol q 0 30 37 45 53 60 90
109 giga G sin q 0 12 35 2 2 45 3 2 1
106 mega M cos q 1 3 2 45 2 2 35 12 0
103 kilo k tan q 0 3 3 34 1 43 3 •
10 -2 centi c
10 -3 milli m The following assumptions are used in this exam.
-6 micro m I. The frame of reference of any problem is inertial unless otherwise
10
stated.
10 -9 nano n II. The direction of current is the direction in which positive charges
10 -12 pico p would drift.
III. The electric potential is zero at an infinite distance from an isolated
point charge.
IV. All batteries and meters are ideal unless otherwise stated.
V. Edge effects for the electric field of a parallel plate capacitor are
negligible unless otherwise stated.

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ADVANCED PLACEMENT PHYSICS C EQUATIONS

MECHANICS ELECTRICITY AND MAGNETISM

Ãx = Ãx 0 + a x t a = acceleration 1 q1q2 A = area
E= energy FE = B = magnetic field
1 2 4pe0 r 2
x = x0 + Ãx 0 t + at F = force C = capacitance
2 x
f = frequency FE d = distance
Ãx2 = Ãx 0 2 + 2 a x ( x - x0 ) E =
h = height q E = electric field
I = rotational inertia e = emf
a=
 F = Fnet   Q
Ú
J = impulse E  dA= F = force
m m
K = kinetic energy e0 I = current
dp k = spring constant J = current density
F = = length dV
Ex = - L = inductance
dt dx
L = angular momentum  = length
 
J = Ú F dt = Dp m=
P =
mass
power
DV = - Ú E dr
n = number of loops of wire
per unit length
p = mv p = momentum N = number of charge carriers
 rii
1 q
r = radius or distance V = per unit volume
4pe0 P = power
F f £ m FN T = period i
t = time Q = charge
1 q1q2
 UE = qV = q = point charge
Ú F dr
U= potential energy
DE = W = 4pe0 r R = resistance
v = velocity or speed
1 2 W= work done on a system r = radius or distance
K = mà DV =
Q
2 x = position t = time
C
m = coefficient of friction U = potential or stored energy
dE
P= q = angle C =
k e0 A V= electric potential
dt d v = velocity or speed
t = torque
  w = angular speed r = resistivity
P = F v Cp = Â Ci
a = angular acceleration i F = flux
DUg = mg Dh f = phase angle k = dielectric constant
1 1
=Â FM = qv ¥ B
Fs = - k D x Cs C
i i
Ã2
ac = = w2r
r
Us =
1
2
k ( Dx )
2
I =
dQ Ú Bid = m0 I
dt
t = r¥F
x = xmax cos( wt + f) m0 I d ¥ r
1 1 dB =
Ât t UC = QDV = C ( DV )2 4p r 2
a = = net 2p 1 2 2
I I T = =
w f R=
r
A
F = ÚI d ¥B
I = Ú r dm = Â mr
2 2
m Bs = m0 nI
Ts = 2 p E = rJ
k
 mi xi
xcm =
 mi Tp = 2p
I = Nevd A FB = Ú B dA
g
à = rw DV d FB
Gm1m2
I =
R
e = Ú E id =-
dt
FG =
L = r ¥ p = Iw r2
Rs = Â Ri e = -L
dI
Gm1m2 i dt
K =
1 2
Iw UG = -
2 r 1 1 1 2
Rp
= ÂR UL =
2
LI
w = w0 + at i i

1 2 P = I DV
q = q0 + w0 t + at
2

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ADVANCED PLACEMENT PHYSICS C EQUATIONS

GEOMETRY AND TRIGONOMETRY CALCULUS

Rectangle A = area df d f du
=
A = bh C = circumference dx du dx
V = volume
Triangle
S = surface area
d n
dx
( x ) = nxn -1
1
A= bh b = base
2 h = height (e ) = aeax
d ax
dx
Circle  = length
d
A = pr2 w = width
(ln ax ) = 1
r = radius dx x
C = 2p r
s = arc length d
s = rq q = angle dx
[sin (ax )] = a cos (ax)
Rectangular Solid
d
V = wh dx
[cos (ax )] = - a sin (ax)
Cylinder s
1 n +1
Úx dx = x , n π -1
r n
V = pr 2 n +1
q
1 ax
S = 2p r + 2p r Úe dx =
2 ax
e
a
Sphere
dx
4
V = pr3
Úx+a = ln x + a
3
1
S = 4p r 2 Ú cos (ax) dx = a sin (ax)
1
Right Triangle Ú sin (ax) dx = - a cos (ax)
a 2 + b2 = c2
VECTOR PRODUCTS
sin q =
a  
c A B = AB cosq
c
cos q =
b a A ¥ B = AB sin q
c q 90°
b
a
tan q =
b

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PHYSICS C: ELECTRICITY AND MAGNETISM

SECTION II
Time —45 minutes
3 Questions

Directions: Answer all three questions. The suggested time is about 15 minutes for answering each of the questions,
which are worth 15 points each. The parts within a question may not have equal weight. Show all your work in this
booklet in the spaces provided after each part.

1. A circuit is created with an ideal battery and five resistors with the values shown in the figure above.
An open switch is shown that can connect points X and Y. A voltmeter V and an ammeter A1 are also
shown in the figure.
(a) The switch is in the open position.
i. Calculate the current measured by the ammeter A1 .

ii. Calculate the potential difference measured by the voltmeter V.

(b) The switch is now moved to the closed position.

i. Calculate the current measured by the ammeter A1 .

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ii. Calculate the potential difference measured by the voltmeter V.

A student wants to determine if there is a current in the closed switch. The switch is now replaced with
ammeter A 2 between points X and Y. The ammeter acts as a closed switch and can measure the current,
if any, between the two points.

(c)
i. Calculate the current measured by ammeter A 2 .

ii. Indicate the direction of the current, if any, through the ammeter A 2 .
____ Left ____ Right ____ Undefined, because the current is zero

Question 1 continues on the next page.

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(d) The ammeter A 2 is replaced with switch S and capacitor C = 12 μF , as shown in the figure above. Switch
S is closed.
i. Calculate the charge stored on the positive plate of capacitor C a long time after switch S is closed.

ii. Which point, X or Y, is at a higher electric potential?

____ X ____ Y
Justify your answer.

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THIS PAGE MAY BE USED FOR SCRATCH WORK.

GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE.

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2. A coaxial cable is composed of a central conducting wire surrounded by a cylindrical insulator, and around
that is a conducting cylindrical shell with an insulating cover. A power supply of emf ε is used at one end
to connect the two conducting regions, and a resistive load of resistance R is connected at the other end of
the cable to complete the circuit, as shown in the schematic diagram and circuit figure above.

A cross section of the cable from the perspective of the power supply end is depicted above as if looking into the
left end of the cable. Point P is inside the cylindrical insulator a distance b from the center of the cable. Point Q
is outside the cable.
(a)
i. On figure 1 shown above left, draw an Amperian loop that could be used to determine the magnitude
of the magnetic field at point P in the diagram. Clearly mark this loop as “Loop 1.”
ii. On figure 1, draw an Amperian loop that could be used to determine the magnitude of the magnetic
field at point Q in the diagram. Clearly mark this loop as “Loop 2.”
iii. On figure 2 shown above right, draw an arrow to show the direction of the magnetic field at point P.
The arrow should start on and point away from the point in the direction of the magnetic field.

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(b) Using Ampere’s law, derive an expression for the magnitude of the magnetic field at point P. Express your
answer in terms of ε , R, b, and physical constants, as appropriate.

(c) Determine the magnitude of the magnetic field at point Q.

Justify your answer.

Question 2 continues on the next page.

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Some physics students conduct an experiment with a coaxial cable in which they connect the cable to a
variable power supply and measure the resulting magnetic field strength at point P inside the cylindrical
insulator using a magnetic field sensor. Point P is 0.0050 m from the center of the cable. The plot of the
magnetic field strength B as a function of the emf ε of the power supply is shown below.

(d)
i. Draw the best-fit line for the data.
ii. Use the straight line to calculate the resistance R of the resistor used in the experiment.

(e) The lab group uses a multimeter to measure the resistance of the resistor and determines that their
experimental value for R from part (d) is approximately 10% larger than that found with the multimeter.
Describe a physical reason that might account for this result.

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(f) The lab group notices that when the current is reversed in the cable and the experiment is again performed,
the plot has a positive vertical axis intercept equal in magnitude to the negative vertical axis intercept in the
plot shown before part (d).
i. Describe a physical reason for the vertical axis intercept.

ii. Describe a physical reason that the vertical axis intercept switches from negative to positive when the
current in the cable is reversed.

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3. A parallel plate capacitor is connected to a battery, fully charged, and then isolated from the battery. The plates
are given equal and opposite charge densities σ , and the separation between the plates is d, as shown in the
figure above. The area of each plate has a value of A.
(a) Derive an expression for the energy stored in the capacitor. Express your answer in terms of σ , d, A, and
physical constants, as appropriate.

While the capacitor is isolated from the battery, an uncharged metal slab of thickness x and area A is inserted
between the capacitor plates so that it is an equal distance from the two plates, as shown in the figure above.
(b) On the figure above, draw an arrow to indicate the direction of the electric field in the following
three regions of space between the capacitor plates. If the electric field is zero in any region, indicate
this by writing “E = 0” in that region.
i. The region between the top plate and the metal slab
ii. The region inside the metal slab
iii. The region between the metal slab and the bottom plate
(c) On the lines below, rank the regions according to the magnitude of the electric field, with 1 being the largest
magnitude. If any regions have the same magnitude of electric field, give them the same ranking.
____ The region between the top plate and the metal slab
____ The region inside the metal slab
____ The region between the metal slab and the bottom plate

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(d) Is the capacitance of the capacitor with the metal slab greater than, less than, or equal to the capacitance of
the original capacitor without the slab?
____ Greater than ____ Less than ____ Equal to
Justify your answer.

(e) When charged to the original charge density, is the energy stored in the capacitor with the metal slab greater
than, less than, or equal to the original energy stored in the capacitor calculated in part (a) ?
____ Greater than ____ Less than ____ Equal to
Justify your answer.

Question 3 continues on the next page.

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Some physics students conduct an experiment in which they charge the capacitor to the same potential
difference, isolate it from the battery, insert the metal slab, and measure the new potential difference across the
capacitor. This experiment is repeated with slabs of different thickness. The plot of the potential difference DV
across the capacitor as a function of the thickness x of the slab is shown below. A best-fit line for the data has
been drawn.

(f) Use the best-fit line to calculate the following:

i. σ , the charge density on the plates

ii. d, the distance between the capacitor plates

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THIS PAGE MAY BE USED FOR SCRATCH WORK.

STOP

END OF EXAM

THE FOLLOWING INSTRUCTIONS APPLY TO THE COVERS OF THE

SECTION II BOOKLET.

• MAKE SURE YOU HAVE COMPLETED THE IDENTIFICATION

INFORMATION AS REQUESTED ON THE FRONT AND BACK
COVERS OF THE SECTION II BOOKLET.

• CHECK TO SEE THAT YOUR AP NUMBER LABEL APPEARS IN

THE BOX ON THE COVER.

• MAKE SURE YOU HAVE USED THE SAME SET OF AP

NUMBER LABELS ON ALL AP EXAMS YOU HAVE TAKEN
THIS YEAR.

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