(2021-22)

funsZf'kdk
Hkk"kk ,oa xf.kr
d{kk % 3-5
 izLrkouk

tSlk fd ge lHkh tkurs gSa fd dksfoM &19 egkekjh dk dqçHkko ge lc ij iM+k gSA iwjs fo'o esa lkekftd]
vkfFkZd o ekufld LokLF; ij ladV ds ckny Nk, gq, gSaA bl le; esa [+kkldj cPpksa dh i<+kbZ T+;knk
çHkkfor gqbZ gSA blds pyrs yxHkx ,d lky ls lHkh Ldwy can gSaA cPpksa dh i<+kbZ vkxs çHkkfor u gks]
blds fy, ljdkjh vkSj xSj&ljdkjh 'kS{kf.kd laLFkkuksa us fofHkUu Lrj ij vyx&vyx rjhdksa ls] tSls fd
fMftVy lalk/kuksa] vfHkHkkodksa ds Qksu ij ,l-,e-,l] ih-Mh-,Q] vkbZ-oh-vkj vkSj v‚fM;ks&fofM;ks ls
lacaf/kr iBu lkefxz;k¡ miyC/k djokdj cPpksa dks 'kSf{kd :i ls ykHkkfUor djus dk ç;kl fd;k gS vkSj
vkxs Hkh ;g ç;kl fujarj tkjh gSA vc fLFkfr FkksM+h lkekU; gksrh tk jgh gSA ,sls esa T+;knk laHkkouk gS fd
Ldwy cgqr gh tYn [kqysa vkSj cPps iqu% Ldwy esa vkus yxsaA ysfdu ;g 'kadk gS fd muds i<+us&fy[kus vkSj
xf.kr ds Lrj esa Hkkjh fxjkoV vkbZ gksxhA blfy, t+:jr bl ckr dh gS fd cPpksa dks le>rs gq, mUgsa
f'k{kdksa ds }kjk Ldwy esa vkSj vfHkHkkodksa ds }kjk ?kjksa esa yxkrkj lg;ksx fd;k tk,A ;g lg;ksx fMftVy
vkSj xSj fMftVy nksuksa rjg ls fn, tk ldrs gSaA dSls lg;ksx fn, tk ldrs gSa CAMaL ds bl funsZf'kdk esa
dqN lq>ko fn, x, gSaA

lquuk

* CAMaL
Combined
i<+uk Activities for cksyuk
Maximized
Learning

fy[kuk

bls Teaching at the Right Level ds uke ls Hkh tkuk tkrk gSA

1
 fgUnh funsZf'kdk

cPpksa dh tk¡p
vuqPNsn ls 'kq:
djsaA
;fn cPpk vklkuh ls
;fn cPpk vuqPNsn dks cxhps esa ,d isM+ gSA
cPpksa ds vklkuh ls i<+ ysrk gS rks isM+ ij ,d rksrk jgrk gSA
vuqPNsn ugha i<+ ldrk gS

Lrj dks mls dgkuh i<+us ds fy, rksrs dk jax gjk gSA
rks mls 'kCn i<+us ds fy,
nsaA
le>uk nsaA og yky VekVj [kkrk gSA

5 'kCn iwNsa mlesa ls 4 lgh gksus

pkfg,A ;fn cPpk 4 'kCn lgh&lgh yky nw/k iSj rsy
dgkuh% i<+ ldrk gS rks mls 'kCn Lrj ij
;fn cPpk vklkuh ls
fpfàr djsaA fdyk eksj
dgkuh i<+ ldrk gS
lkou dk eghuk FkkA vkleku esa dkys&dkys ;fn cPpk 4 'kCn lgh&lgh ugha i<+
rks mls dgkuh Lrj ij twrk dqy ikuh ekSdk
ldrk gS rks mls v{kj i<+us ds fy,
fpfàr djsaA ckny Nk, gq, FksA BaMh&BaMh gok py jgh
nsaA
FkhA eq>s >wyk >wyus dk eu fd;kA cM+s HkS;k
,d eksVh&lh jLlh ysdj ckgj vk,A HkS;k us 5 v{kj iwNsa mlesa ls 4 lgh gksus
;fn cPpk dgkuh i<+us
jLlh dks isM+ ls yVdkdj >wyk cuk;kA lcus pkfg,A ;fn cPpk 4 v{kj
esa xyfr;k¡ djrk gS rks lgh&lgh i<+ ldrk gS rks mls y i l d
feydj [kwc >wyk >wykA ckdh cPps Hkh vkdj
mls vuqPNsn Lrj ij v{kj Lrj ij fpfàr djsaAa
et+s ls >wyus yxsA >wyrs&>wyrs jkr gks xbZA M c
fpfàr djsaA ;fn cPpk 4 v{kj lgh&lgh ugha
i<+ ldrk gS rks mls çkjafHkd Lrj
e V > x
ij fpfàr djsaA

uksV % Lrj dks tk¡pus dh ijwh izfØ;k le>us ds fy, ohfM;ks ns[ksa &

i<+uk vkSj fy[kuk lh[kus ls lacaf/kr dqN ckrsa

fdlh Hkh dgkuh@ikB dks i<+dj vius vuqHkoksa ls tksM+dj le>us dks
i<+uk dgk tkrk gSA fdlh Hkh dgkuh@ikB dks tYnh&tYnh vkSj vkb, le>rs ga S
i<u+k D;k g\S
lgh&lgh i<+uk] i<+dj le>us dk ,d pj.k gSA dgkuh@ikB i<+dj i<+uk gS
le>us ds fy, ikB dks futh ft+anxh vkSj iwoZ vuqHkoksa ls tksM+uk t+:jh
gksrk gSA blfy, dgk tkrk gS fd fyf[kr Hkk"kk dks gh ugha cfYd mlds dgkuh@ikB dks /kkjkiozkg i<u+k

vFkksaZ dks le>uk ^i<+uk* dgykrk gSA ,slk ugha gksrk fd cPpk igys
i<+uk lh[ks vkSj ckn esa le>ukA vr% bl funsZf'kdk esa bu nksuksa ckrksa vFkZ dks le>uk

dk /;ku j[kk x;k gS fd cPps /kkjkçokg i<+us ds lkFk&lkFk ml

dgkuh@ikB dks le> ds lkFk i<+saA dgkuh@ikB dks i<d
+ j vius vuHqkoka s ls tkMsu+k

2
 d{kk lapkyu

cPpksa ds i<+us ds Lrjkuqlkj muds lkFk d{kk pyk,¡A dqN xfrfof/k;k¡ cM+s lewg esa lHkh cPpksa ds lkFk gksaxh]
dqN xfrfof/k;k¡ NksVs&NksVs lewg esa dh tk,¡xh vkSj dqN O;fäxr rkSj ijA dk;ksaZ dk foHkktu vkxs fn;k
x;k gSA

lHkh dh lgHkkfxrk gks

dk;ksaZ dk c¡Vokjk fd;k x;k gks

le;&le; ij xfrfof/k ds vuqlkj çR;sd dh

ft+Eesnkjh cny jgh gks

lHkh dh ckr lquh tk jgh gks@lHkh dks viuh ckr

dgus dk ekSdk fey jgk gks

d{kk dk;Z

cM+s lewg esa NksVs lewg esa O;fDrxr dk;Z

xi'ki@ckrphr dgkuh lacaf/kr cM+s lewg esa ys[ku ls x`g dk;Z

xfrfof/k;k¡ fd, x, dk;ks± tqM+s dk;Z
dk vH;kl
SMS/WhatsApp

sms@uke@
fp=ksa ij ppkZ dgkuh ij dgkuh
dgkuh ppkZ v¡xqyh
¼iz'uksa lqukuk
i<+uk ds ekè;e okpu
ls½

lewg dk;Z dk mís'; gS fd cPps NksVs&NksVs lewg esa] fdlh fo"k; ij feydj ppkZ djsa vkSj vkilh lg;ksx
ls ml dk;Z dks iwjk djsa] ftlesa lewg ds gj ,d cPps dh u dsoy Hkkxhnkjh gks cfYd ml fo'ks"k dk;Z ds
fy, os ftEesnkj Hkh gksa vkSj muds dk;Z Hkh fuf'pr gksaA vyx&vyx xfrfof/k;ksa esa vyx&vyx cPpksa dh
ft+Eesnkjh gks vkSj bldk fu.kZ; Hkh os [kqn ysaA

3
 yf{kr lewg

Lrj 1 esa mu cPpksa dks 'kkfey djsa ftuds i<+us dk Lrj çkjfEHkd] v{kj o 'kCn gSaA
y{;
cPps le> vkSj mfpr çokg ds lkFk fdlh dgkuh@ikB dks i<+ ldsaA

lgtrk ls fdlh fo"k; ij cksy ldsaA

fyf[kr :i esa vfHkO;ä dj ldsaA

jkst+kuk dh tkus okyh xfrfof/k;k¡

¼d½ xi'ki dgkuh i<+us rFkk mlls lacaf/kr xfrfof/k;k¡ % tSls xi'ki] dgkuh i<+uk
o dgkuh vkSj dgkuh ij ppkZ djuk ¼15 feuV½

¼[k½ /ofufpUg
prsuk o ckjg[kM+h % tSls ckjg[kM+h i<+uk & vkM+h] [kM+h] chp&chp esa ls ¼15 feuV½
ckjg[kMh+

¼x½ ekbMa
efSixa ekbaM eSfiax % tSls 'kCn HkaMkj] oxhZdj.k] okD; cukuk ¼10 feuV½

¼?k½ [ky
s [ksy % vkvks [ksysa iqfLrdk ls Lrjkuqlkj [ksy ohfM;ks] v‚fM;ks
dh lgk;rk Hkh ys ldrs gSa ¼10 feuV½

¼p½ y[sku ys[ku % tSls dqN Hkh lkspks] cksyks vkSj fy[kks vkfn ¼10 feuV½

¼N½ xg` dk;Z x`g dk;Z % dk;Z vkSj ckrphr ¼10 feuV½

fdlh Hkh xfrfof/k esa vR;f/kd le; nsus ls i<+us&i<+kus dh çfØ;k esa larqyu ugha gks ikrk gS] ftldk lh/kk
çHkko cPpksa ds lh[kus ij iM+rk gSA blfy, d{kk dh xfrfof/k;ksa esa larqyu cuk, j[kuk t+:jh gSA lkFk gh]
bruk de le; Hkh u nsa fd dqN le> esa u vk,A

4
 ¼d½ xi'ki o dgkuh & 15 feuV
d{kk dh 'kq#vkr xi'ki@ckrphr ls djsaA ckrphr ds fy, dqN xfrfof/k;k¡ uhps nh tk jgh gSaA

ckrphr@xi'ki

mís';

cPps vkRefo'okl ds lkFk nwljksa ds vius iwoZ&Kku ds vk/kkj ij ckrksa

le{k vius vklikl dh pht+ksa ds
,oa tkudkfj;ksa dks tksM+ ldsaA
ckjs esa crk ik,¡A

xfrfof/k;k¡

f'k{kd fdlh ,d fo"k; ij cPpksa ls ckrphr djuk 'kq: djsa] tSls&vkt eSaus D;k [kk;k] vkt cgqr xehZ gS]
vkt ckfj'k gks ldrh gS vkfnA cPpksa dks viuh bl ckrphr esa 'kkfey djsa vkSj mUgsa ml fo"k; ij vius
vuqHko crkus dks dgsaA blh çdkj f'k{kd gj fnu vyx&vyx fo"k;ksa ij ckrphr djsaA

vius eu ls tc eSa [kq'k gksrk gw¡ eSaus lius esa ns[kk

f'k{kd cM+s lewg esa] cPpksa ls dgsa tc eSa cgqr [kq'k gksrk gw¡ rc esjk dy jkr eSaus ,d liuk ns[kk fd
fd ßirk gS] vkt lqcg tc eSa lks eu djrk gS] i{kh cudj [kqys eSa vkleku esa pk¡n rkjksa ls feyhA
dj mBk rks esjk eu dj jgk Fkk fd vkleku esa frryh cudj cgqr muls gekjh nksLrh gks xbZA
vkt ckfj'k gks tk, vkSj eSa ckfj'k špk mM+ tkš] ia[k QSykdj [kwc mUgksaus esjh [kwc [kkfrj dhA geus
esa cgqr Hkhxw¡] ukpw¡ vkSj [ksyw¡AÞ vc ukpw¡] lc yksxksa ls vius eu dh lkFk esa [kwc eLrh dhA vc vki
cPpksa ls dgsa fd vki Hkh vius eu ckrsa dgw¡] vPNk&vPNk [kkuk [kkÅ¡ crk,¡] vki lius esa D;k&D;k
dh dksbZ ckr crk,¡] tSls & dqN Hkh vkfnA fQj cPpksa ls iwNsa fd os tc ns[krs gSa\
ns[kk] lkspk ;k tks djuk pkgrs gSa [kq'k gksrs gSa rks mudk D;k&D;k
vkfnA cPpksa dks igys lkspus ds djus dk eu djrk gSA
fy, dgsa] fQj muls iwNsaA

5
cPpksa ds i<+us dk Lrj dqN Hkh gks] muds lkFk dgkuh ls lEcaf/kr fofHkUu çdkj dh xfrfof/k;k¡ djus ls
cPpksa esa lquus] le>us] cksyus] i<+us vkSj fy[kus dh {kerk dk fodkl gksrk gS] mudk 'kCn HkaMkj c<+rk gS
vkSj mudh dYiuk'kfä c<+rh gSA

dgkuh

mís';

lquus] le>us] cksyus] i<+us vkSj 'kCn&HkaMkj] fopkj'khyrk vkSj

fy[kus dh {kerk dk fodkl dYiuk'khyrk dk fodkl

dgkuh i<+us ds nkSjku

,d dgkuh dks de ls de nks fnu mi;ksx djsaA

dgkuh ds fp= o uke ij ppkZ] vuqeku yxkuk fd dgkuh esa D;k

gksxkA

f'k{kd Li"V mPpkj.k o vkokt+ ds mrkj&p<+ko ds lkFk dgkuh i<+dj lquk,A /;ku
nsa fd cPps ihNs&ihNs uk nksgjk,¡¡A

dgkuh ij vk/kkfjr&rF;] vuqekfud] 'kCn&HkaMkj] viuh jk; vFkok

lksp&fopkj j[kus laca/kh ç'u cuk,¡ vkSj ,d&nwljs lewg ls iwNsaA

6
 dgkuh i<+us ds ckn
vx
a y
q h okpu % f'k{kd] çR;d s 'kCn ij vxa yq h j[kdj /kheh xfr ls i<Aas+ cPps ihN& s ihNs
u nkgsjk,A¡ os dosy 'kCnkas dh /ofu ds vulq kj 'kCnkas ij vx
a y
q h vkxs c<k+rs jgAas

cPpksa ls NksVs&NksVs lewg esa dgkuh dk okpu djok,¡A

vc fdlh ,d cPps dks i<+us ds fy, dgsaA

çfrfnu vyx&vyx cPpka s dks i<u+s dk ekd

S k na s vkjS i<u+s ds fy, çkRslkfgr djAas

dgkuh esa ç;qä euilan 'kCnksa ij xksyk yxkus ;k <w¡<us ds fy, dgsaA

f'k{kd Hkh dqN 'kCn dgkuh esa ls <w¡<us ds fy, cksy ldrs gSaA

¼[k½ /ofu&fpà psruk o ckjg[kM+h & 15 feuV

/ofu&fpà
v

mís'; /ofu&fpà
d

lacaf/kr xfrfof/k;k¡
Loj&O;t
a u dks feykdj mldh /ofu dks
mPpkfjr dju]s mldks igpkuus vkjS
fy[kus dh le> fodflr gkrsh gAS xfrfof/k

ekSf[kd
rksM+uk tksM+uk

ikuh & ik uh f[k M+ dh & f[kMd

+ h
jkr & jk r vk ok t+ & vkokt+
/kjrh & /k j rh u nh & unh

7
 xfrfof/k xfrfof/k

ekSf[kd fyf[kr
igyh vkokt+ nwljh vkokt+ rksM+uk tksM+uk

ikuh & igyh vkokt+ ^ik* + h & nl

f[kMd w jh vkokt+ ^M*+ iky & ik y yks d & ykd s
jkr & igyh vkokt+ ^jk* vkokt+ & nl w jh vkokt+ ^ok* dke & dk e yks x & ykxs
/kjrh & igyh vkokt+ ^/k* unh & nl w jh vkokt+ ^nh* nky & nk y lks uk & lkusk

ckjg[kM+h ls lacaf/kr xfrfof/k;k¡

d [kk fd yh g rs is jS lks nkS la u%

xfrfof/k;k¡ /;ku nsa

f'k{kd cMs+ legw eas ckjg[kMh+ dh fdlh Hkh cPps bl nkjSku flQZ n[skas
,d&nks ykbu dh çR;d s bdkbZ ij vx ¡ y
q h j[krs vkjS luqas ihN&
s ihNs
g,q Li"V mPpkj.k ds lkFk i<d + j luqk,A¡ nkgsjk,¡ ughAa

bl cakj cPps viu& s vius

f'k{kd ckjg[kMh+ dks iuq% i<d
+ j luqk,A¡ ckjg[kMh+ dkMZ ij vx¡ y
q h
pyk,A¡

^ejss tl
S k dkuS i<xs+k\* ;k ^vc dkuS i<xs+k\* i<u+s ds ckn cPpkas dks
vkfn dgdj çfrfnu vyx&vyx rhu pkj 'kkck'kh vo'; nAas
cPpkas dks i<u+s dk volj nAas

ckjg[kMh+ dh ijwh ykbu i<o+kus ds ckn cPpkas dks lkp

s &le>dj
chp&chp eas ls t:+ j iN w ]as tl
S &
s ^p* dh ykbu crkus ds fy, çkRslkfgr
eas ^fp* dgk¡ gaS ^p*s dgk¡ gS vkfnA djAas

ckjg[kMh+ dkMZ eas chp&chp ls ckjg[kMh+ dh cPpka s dks ckjg[kMh+ cMs + ;k

dkbsZ Hkh bdkbZ cky
s as vkjS cPpkas dks dkMZ eas <<¡wus NkVss legw ea s vFkok
ds fy, dgas : j]s V]s d]q ik] uh vkfnA O;fäxr :i ls nAas

bdkb;kas dks te+hu@d‚ih@dkxt+ ij Hkh dNq fnukas ckn f'k{kd dN q

fy[kok,¡ vkjS i<o+k,A¡ 'kCn] phtk+as vkjS feBkb;kas
vkfn ds uke Hkh cky s Aas

8
 ¼x½ ekbaM eSfiax

ge tc ekbaM eSfiax djrs gSa rks vPNk ;gh gksrk gS fd bls iwjh d{kk ds cPpksa ds lkFk fd;k tk,] rkfd tc
cPpk dksbZ 'kCn cksys rks ml 'kCn dks og vius vuqHko ls tksM+ ik,A blls 'kCnksa dh lwph dkQh yach gks
ldrh gSA bl vH;kl ls cPps u,&u, 'kCn vkSj mu 'kCnksa ls tqM+s laca/kksa dks lh[krs gSa vkSj mudk 'kCndks'k
c<+rk gSA

nqdku nqdku
f[kykSuk iSls f[kykSuk iSls

feBkbZ #i;s ekbaM eSfiax feBkbZ #i;s

ckt+kj ckt+kj
[kq'kh etnwjh [kq'kh etnwjh

HkhM+ jks'kuh mís'; HkhM+ jks'kuh

fjD'kk fjD'kk

'kCn&HkaMkj c<+kuk o 'kCnksa 'kCnksa dk okD;ksa ekbMa efSixa }kjk vk,

dk oxhZdj.k djuk esa iz;ksx djuk 'kCnka s ls dgkuh fy[kuk

nqdku f'k{kd cPpkas ls iN

w sa fd cktkj ¼mnkgj.k ds
jax iSls fy,½ 'kCn lqudj vkids fnekx eas vkSj
dkSu&dkSu ls 'kCn vk jgs gS]a crkb,A
feBkbZ et+nwjh
ckt+kj
xqLlk cPpksa }kjk cksys x, 'kCnksa dks muds
[kq'kh lkeus cksMZ ij fyf[k,A
oxhZdj.k djuk Qy
HkhM+
fjD'kk
'kCnkas dk oxhZdj.k djas ;k okD; cuok,¡A
[kkus ihus
fØ;k Hkko dh oLrq
etn+jwh xLqlk Qy
okD; cukuk % feBkbZ & e>q s feBkbZ ilna gAS
[k'qkh
f[kykuSk & f[kykuSk cgrq lUqnj gAS

9
 ¼p½ ys[ku
vDlj cPps ?kj dh nhokjksa ij fp= ;k Vs<+h&es<+h ydhjsa mdsjrs gq, ut+j vkrs gSaA ;g Vs<+h& es<+h ydhjsa
okLro esa mudh lksp gh gksrh gSA ;gh vfHkO;fä vkxs pydj vFkZiw.kZ cu tkrh gSA blfy, t+:jh gS fd
cPpk i<+us ds lkFk&lkFk vius fopkjksa dks O;Dr djuk Hkh lh[ksA

f'k{kd cM+s lewg esa fdlh fo"k; ij ppkZ djsaA

cPpksa dks Lrjkuqlkj NksVs&NksVs lewg esa ck¡VsaA

çR;d
s legw ds Lrjkul
q kj mUgas y[sku dh xfrfof/k nAas

Lrjkuqlkj ys[ku dk;Z

dkbsZ fp= cukus vkjS fQj mlds

ckjs eas fy[kus ds fy, dgAas
izkjafHkd Lrj
;fn cPpk uk fy[k@s xyr fy[ks
rks f'k{kd lgk;rk djAas

cPpkas dks muds eu ls dN

q
fy[kus ds fy, dgAas
v{kj Lrj
xyfr;kas dks ckjg[kMh+ dh
lgk;rk ls Bhd djk,A¡

fdlh fo"k; ij okD;

fy[kus ds fy, dgAas

'kCn Lrj mPpkj.k ds ek/;e ls okD;

ljapuk] oruZh o fojke fpUgkas
dh =fqV;k¡ Bhd djok,A¡

10
 ikB ;kstuk
dk uewuk

dgkuh & vyh

¼çFke fnol½
xi'ki@ckrphr
Ÿ D;k ikuh dk viuk dksbZ jax gksrk gS\
Ÿ ikuh ds nSfud thou esa cgqr lkjs mi;ksx gSaA D;k buesa ls dqN dk;Z ,sls Hkh gSa ftUgas ge fcuk ikuh ds Hkh
dj ldrs gSa \
Ÿ vkids ?kj ij ikuh fdl çdkj igq¡prk gS \ D;k bl dke esa vkidh Hkh dksbZ Hkwfedk gksrh gS\
fp= ij ppkZ
Ÿ fp= fn[kkdj vuqeku yxkus dks dgsa fd dgkuh esa D;k gqvk gksxk \
Ÿ fp= esa dkSu&dkSu ls jax] vkdkj vkSj oLrq,¡ fn[kkbZ ns jgs gSa \
Ÿ vkids ?kj esa@vkl&ikl esa dkSu&dkSu ls ;k fdl çdkj ds isM+@ikSèks gSa \
Ÿ fp= esa yM+dk D;k dj jgk gS\ dgk¡ cSBk gS\ vkfnA
dgkuh i<+uk
Ÿ f'k{kd dgkuh dks Li"V mPpkj.k o mfpr çokg ds lkFk i<+sa rkfd cPpksa esa vkn'kZ okpu dh le> cu ik,A
¼cPps ihNs ihNs u nksgjk,¡½
dgkuh ij ppkZ
Ÿ rF; vkèkkfjr ç'u
& vyh us D;k ns[kk \
& vyh us D;k fd;k \
Ÿ vkuqekfud ç'u
& vyh us uy ds uhps yksVk D;ksa j[kk\
& uy ds uhps j[ks yksVs dks Hkjus esa fdruk le; yxk gksxk \
& ;fn vki vyh dh txg gksrs rks vki D;k djrs\
Ÿ lksfp, vkSj crkb, ¼ ,sls ç'u ftuds lHkh mÙkj Lohdk;Z gksa ½
& ;fn i`Foh ls ikuh lekIr gks tk,] rks D;k gksxk \
v¡xqyh okpu
Ÿ f'k{kd dgkuh ds çR;sd 'kCn ij v¡xqyh j[k dj èkheh xfr ls i<+saxsA çR;sd fo|kFkÊ Hkh dgkuh ij v¡xqyh
pyk,A cPps ihNs&ihNs u nksgjk,¡A

11
lewg esa i<+uk
Ÿ cPpksa dks i<+us ds Lrj vuqlkj NksVs&NksVs lewg esa ck¡VsaA
Ÿ f'k{kd ^vyh* dgkuh dks cPpksa ls NksVs&NksVs lewg esa okpu djus ds fy, izsfjr djsaA
Ÿ vc f'k{kd çR;sd lewg ls fdlh ,d cPps dks i<+us ds fy, dgsa fd &Þvc esjs tSlk dkSu i<+sxk\ß
¼f'k{kd ;g ç;kl djsa fd dgkuh okpu esa lHkh cPpksa dks volj feysA½
¼f}rh; fnol½
dgkuh i<+uk
Ÿ f'k{kd iqu% dgkuh i<+dj lquk,¡A
Ÿ cPpksa dks vius 'kCnksa esa dgkuh crkus dks dgsaA
'kCn HkaMkj
Ÿ f'k{kd cPpksa dks ^vyh* dgkuh esa vk, euilan 'kCnksa ij xksyk yxkus ds fy, dgsa A tSls fd i<+kbZ] yksVk]
vklikl] ckgj] ikuh] Vid] ikSèkk vkfn A
Ÿ dgkuh esa vk, ^i* vkSj ^y* o.kZ ls 'kq: gksus okys 'kCnksa ij xksyk yxkus ;k 'kCn cukus dks dgsaA
èofu&fpà lacafèkr xfrfofèk;k¡
Ÿ 'kCnksa dks rksM+us ,oa tksM+us dh xfrfofèk;k¡
tSls ¼rksM+uk½ %& Vid ¾ V $ i $ d 'kCnksa dh vkokt+sa %
ut+j ¾ u $ t+ $ j ckgj ¾ igyh vkokt+ ^ck*
ckgj ¾ ck $ g $ j yksVk ¾ nwljh vkokt+ ^Vk*
lkcxxcvbn*
tSls ¼tksM+uk½ %& ik $ uh ¾ ikuh
fx $j $ us ¾ fxjus
yks $ Vk ¾ yksVk
Ÿ [ksy
& ckjg[kM+h pkVZ esa viuk uke <w¡<saA
& fn, x, o.kZ ij dwndj igq¡psaA
& fn, x, o.kZ ij vyx&vyx ek=k yxkdj u, 'kCn cukus dks dgsaA
ekbaM eSfiax
dgkuh ls ,d 'kCn pqudj mlls lacafèkr ekbaM eSfiax dh xfrfofèk djsaA
ikuh
[kkn
xeyk
ikSèkk
5 tM+
ruk
rqylh
iÙks
ys[ku
Ÿ oxÊdj.k & ekbaM eSfiax esa vk, 'kCnksa esa ls ikSèks ds Hkkxksa ds uke dks fy[kus ds fy, dgsaA
Ÿ ekbaM eSfiax esa vk, 'kCnksa esa ls Þvkß dh ek=k okyss 'kCn fy[kus ds fy, dgsaA
Ÿ ekbaM eSfiax esa vk, 'kCnksa ls okD; cukus dks dgsaA
Ÿ lewg dk;Z%& fn, x, 'kCnksa ds }kjk lewg esa dgkuh fuekZ.k ds fy, dgsaA

12
 xf.kr funsZf'kdk

ge lHkh tkurs gSa fd dksfoM&19 egkekjh ds pyrs dbZ eghus Ldwy can jgs
vkSj bl dkj.k cPpksa dh i<+kbZ cgqr çHkkfor gqbZ gSA
,slh laHkkouk gS fd cPpksa esa xf.kr djus ds Lrj esa Hkkjh fxjkoV vkbZ gksxhA
blfy,] cPpksa dh t+:jrksa dks le>rs gq,] mUgsa f'k{kdksa }kjk Ldwy esa vkSj
vfHkokodksa }kjk ?kjksa esa yxkrkj lg;ksx nsus dh t+:jr gSA
;g lg;ksx dSls fn;k tk ldrk gS] bl funsZf'kdk esa fn, x, lq>ko FUEL
¼Fast Understanding in Easy way to cover Learning Loss½ dk dke
djsaxsA
Ÿ xf.krh; vo/kkj.kkvksa dh le> fodflr djus ds fy, cPpksa ls T+;knk ls
T+;knk xf.kr laca/kh ckrphr djsaA
Ÿ la[;kvksa dh ladYiuk dh le> ds fy, muds vuqHkoksa dks ifjos'k ls
tksM+ dj lk>k djsa rkfd Bksl oLrqvksa dh lgk;rk ls cPps ewrZ ls vewrZ
la[;kvksa ds Lo:i dks le>us esa lgtrk dk vuqHko djsaA
Ÿ cPpksa esa la[;k le> ds lkFk&lkFk la[;k dk ladsr&fpà] ek=k] tksM+]
?kVko] xq.kk o Hkkx dh cqfu;knh le> fodflr gks ldsA
Ÿ gesa cPpksa dh vk/kkjHkwr {kerkvksa] tSls & lquuk] cksyuk] i<+uk] djuk
vkSj fy[kuk dks et+cwrh nsus dh t+:jr gSA
bu lHkh fØ;kvksa dks ,d lkFk djus dk ,d fo'ks"k uke fn;k gS & deky
¼CAMaL: Combined Activities for Maximized Learning½ bls ge
TaRL ;kuh Teaching at the Right Level Hkh dgrs gSaA blds varxZr
ge cPpksa ds lkFk muds xf.kr djus ds Lrj vuqlkj xfrfof/k;k¡
djrs gSaA

^çFke ,tqds'ku QkWm.Ms'ku* }kjk rS;kj dh

xbZ vufxur fMftVy xfrfof/k;ksa dks ns[kus
vkSj lquus ds fy, y‚x bu djsa%
www.prathamopenschool.org

13
 Lrjkuqlkj lewg tk¡p ?kVko ds loky ls 'kq: djsaA nks loky nsa ¼cPps ls
cukus ds rjhd+s la[;k o fpà dh igpku Hkh iwNsa½
nksuksa ugha gk¡] nksuksa
dj ikrk dj ikrk
10&99 rd igyk loky xyr Hkkx dk ,d loky
la[;k igpku djs rc Hkh nwljk nsaA ¼HkkxQy o
djok,¡A djus dks nsaA 'ks"kQy½ nksuksa
tk¡psaA
gk¡ ugha ugha gk¡

10&99 la[;k 1&9 rd vadksa ?kVko Lrj ij Intermediate

igpku Lrj ij dh igpku fpfUgr djsaA Level ij tkus
fpfUgr djsaA djok,¡A ;ksX; gSA
gk¡ ugha

vad igpku çkjafHkd Lrj

Lrj ij ij fpfUgr
fpfUgr djsa A djsaA

ewY;kadu izi=
t+ksu f'k{kd@losZ{kd dk uke
Ldwy dk uke Ldwy dksM
ekSf[kd tk¡p esa mPpre Lrj
fgUnh dh tk¡p xf.kr dh tk¡p
Ø-la- cPps dk ID cPps dk uke
d{kk
fyax

vad igpku

¼10&99½
igpku
izkjafHkd

la[;k
vuqPNsn

izkjafHkd

¼1&9½
dgkuh

?kVko
v{kj

Hkkx
'kCn

14
 xf.kr

yf{kr lewg%
çkjafHkd Lrj] vad igpku ¼1&9½ vkSj la[;k igpku ¼10&99½ Lrj ds cPpsA

100 rd dh la[;kvksa dks nks vadksa okyh la[;kvksa ds lkFk

LFkkuh; eku ds lkFk igpku tksM+ vkSj ?kVko ds gkfly okys
ldsa vkSj muesa rqyuk dj ik,¡A 'kkfCnd lokyksa dks gy dj ldsaA
y{;
nks vadksa okyh la[;kvksa esa ,d
vad okyh la[;kvksa ls xq.kk vkSj vk—fr;ksa dks cjkcj Hkkxksa esa
Hkkx ds 'kkfCnd lokyksa dks gy ck¡V ldsaA
dj ldsaA

jkst+kuk dh tkus okyh xfrfof/k;k¡

1½ xf.kr lacaf/kr 15 feuV Ÿ xf.kr lacaf/kr ckrphr] lafØ;k] la[;k] ekiu]
ckrphr vuqeku bR;kfn
Ÿ ,l-,e-,l@okV~l,Ii dh xfrfof/k ij ckrphr
2½ la[;k igpku lacaf/kr Ÿ la[;k pkVZ okpu
20 feuV Ÿ caMy&rhyh ¼LVªkW½ dh fØ;k,¡
xfrfof/k;k¡ Lrj ds vuqlkj [ksy
3½ 'kkfCnd lokyksa ij Ÿ tksM+&?kVko
ckrphr ,oa vkSipkfjd 25 feuV Ÿ igkM+k ekSf[kd% dksbZ nks lafØ;k,¡
:i ls lafØ;k,¡ gy djuk Ÿ xq.kk&Hkkx fyf[kr% dksbZ ,d lafØ;k

4½ vU; n{krkvksa dh 10 feuV Ÿ ekiu ,oa vuqeku

Ÿ vk—fr;ksa ls ifjp;
xfrfof/k;k¡
Ÿ vk—fr;ksa dks cjkcj Hkkxksa esa ck¡Vuk

uksV%& vk/kkjHkwr lafØ;kvksa dh 'kq#vkr djus ls igys v/;kid muls lacaf/kr nks rhu ç'uksa ls
xf.krh; ppkZ çkjaHk dj ldrs gSaA dksbZ Hkh xfrfof/k cPpksa ds Lrjkuqlkj igys cM+s lewg esa vkSj fQj
NksVs lewg esa djokbZ tkuh pkfg,A lafØ;kvksa] vU; n{krkvksa rFkk fo"k; oLrq ls lacaf/kr [ksy Hkh
djok, tk,¡A
15
 1½ xf.kr lacaf/kr ckrphr
ge tc cPpksa ls xf.kr lacaf/kr ckrphr djrs gSa rks os vius nSfud thou ds vuqHkoksa dks xf.kr ls
tksM+dj xf.kr dk vkuUn ysus yxrs gSaA ,slk djus ls cPpksa esa xf.krh; lksp dk fodkl gksus yxrk
gSA ;gk¡ uhps xf.kr lacaf/kr ckrphr ds dqN mnkgj.k fn, x, gSaA vki blds vykok nSfud thou
ls tqM+s vkSj Hkh dbZ mnkgj.k d{kk esa bLrseky dj ldrs gSaA

vkids Ldwy esa dqy fdruh f[kM+fd;k¡ gSa\

vkidh d{kk esa dqy fdrus cPps gSa] vkius ;g dSls irk yxk;k\
,d dejs dh yEckbZ vkids ckfy'r ls yxHkx fdrus ckfy'r gksaxh\ vkius
;g dSls vanktk़ yxk;k\
vkids ?kj esa tc [kkuk idrk gS rks dSls irk pyrk gS fd fdruk [kkuk cuk;k
tk, fd og cckZn u gks\
vkidks firkth ds fy, ubZ deht flyokuh gS] blds fy, vki D;k&D;k
djsaxs\
nSfud thou esa fdl&fdl ek/;e ls fdlh pht़ dks ekik tkrk gS\

vki tc esyk ns[kus ;k ckt+kj tkrs gSa rks xf.krh; –f"Vdks.k ls vkidks
mlesa xf.kr dh dkSu&dkSu lh ckrsa fn[kkbZ nsrh gSa\
fØdsV ds [ksy esa vkidks D;k&D;k xf.kr gksrk gqvk fn[krk gS\

bl ckj Nqfê;ksa esa vkidks viuh ukuh ds ?kj] cl ls tkuk gSA crk,¡] bl ;k=k
esa dkSu&dkSu lk xf.kr fNik gqvk gksxk\
vki vius nSfud thou esa vk—fr;k¡ dgk¡&dgk¡ vkSj dkSu&dkSu lh ns[krs gSa\
D;k ;s vk—fr;k¡ Hkh xf.kr ls tqM+h gqbZ gSa\
vki 100 #i;s ysdj ckt+kj tkrs gSa] vkidks dksbZ pkj phts़a [kjhnuh
़ gSa vkSj
25 #i;s okil Hkh ykus gSaA crk,¡] vki dkSu&dkSu lh phts़a vkSj
fdrus&fdrus #i;s esa [kj़ hnsaxs\
uksV& cPpksa ds vfHkHkkodksa dks izfr fnu xf.kr lacaf/kr ckrphr ds fy, ,d sms Hkstsa] tSls& cPpksa ls
iwfN,] nw/k ysrs le; xf.kr dh dkSu&dkSu lh ckrsa utj vkrh gSa\ ;g sms d{kk esa dh xbZ
xfrfof/k;ksa ls tqM+h gks rks T+;knk csgrj gSA blls cPpksa dks vH;kl djus dk ekSd+k Hkh feysxk vkSj
?kjokyksa dk lg;ksx HkhA
16
 2½ la[;k igpku lacaf/kr xfrfof/k;k¡

la[;k pkVZ okpu

f'k{kd la[;k pkVZ Li"V mPpkj.k

lquks ds lkFk i<+dj lquk,¡A cPps
ihNs&ihNs nksgjk,¡ ughaA

vc esjs tSlk dkSu i<+sxk\

i<+ks ,slk dgdj izfrfnu 3&4
vyx&vyx cPpksa dks i<+us
dk ekSd+k nsaA

3&4 cPpksa ds NksVs&NksVs lewg

djks cukdj gj lewg esa la[;k dkMZ
nsdj la[;k dh igpku djk,¡A

ck,¡ ls nk,¡ nk,¡ ls ck,¡

fofo/krk la[;k pkVZ vyx&vyx rjhd+s ls

i<+sa] tSls& Åij ls uhps] uhps ls
Åij] ck,¡ ls nk,¡] nk,¡ ls ck,¡]
frjNh fxurh] chp&chp ls
fxurh] vyx&vyx iS V uZ
bR;kfnA

17
 0&9 rd ds vadksa ds fy, rhyh ¼LVªkW½ ls fØ;k,¡

lquks vad ls lacaf/kr 4&5 okD;ksa dh ,d dgkuh lquk,¡A

vad ls lacaf/kr vklikl ls iz'u iwNsaA

cksyks

vad ftruh rhfy;k¡ cPpksa dks fxudj fn[kk,¡ o mUgsa

djks Hkh fxuus ds fy, dgsaA vad dkMZ }kjk vad ds la[;k
fpà ls ifjp; djk,¡A

i<+ks vad dks la[;k pkVZ esa i<+us dks dgsaA

fy[kks i<+s gq, vad dks dkWih esa fy[kus dks dgsaA

2 vc gkFk esa cph

4
rhfy;ksa dh la[;k dqN ugha
lHkh rhfy;k¡ iwNsa
uhps j[k nsa eryc&'kwU; ¼0½
1
'kwU; 5

dqN rhfy;k¡ dh vc vad dkMZ

gkFk esa ysdj ls 0 dh
fxusa igpku igpku djk,¡

ek¡ us vkt e> q s 2 #i;s fn,A

mlls euaSs 2 pkd W yVs [kj+hnhA
Ldy
w ea s vius 2 fe=ka s dks cy q k;kA
mUga s os nkuska s pkd W yVs ns nhA

18
 caMy rhyh ¼LVªkW½ ls fØ;k,¡

eqV~Bh Hkj rhfy;k¡ ysdj mUgsa fxudj fn[kk,¡A

10 rhfy;ksa dk jcj cSaM yxkdj caMy cuk,¡A

1caMy ¾ 10 rhfy;k¡

ftrus caMy cu ldrs gSa cuk;saA

rhyh dks bdkbZ o caMy dks ngkbZ dgus dks dgsaA

caMy o rhyh dk Ýse cukdj mlesa

caMy o rhyh dh la[;k fy[ksa vkSj cxy
esa mUgsa j[k nsaA

mijksDr xfrfof/k dks 3&4 cPpksa ds

NksVs lewg cukdj djus dks dgsaA

rqyuk % mijksDr xfrfof/k dks nks cPpksa ds

lkFk djsa mUgsa viuh&viuh la[;k fy[kus dks
dgsaA vc caMy dh rqyuk caMy ls djsa] ;fn os
leku gSa rks rhfy;ksa dh rqyuk rhfy;ksa ls
djds ppkZ djsa fd dkSu&lh la[;k cM+h gSA

19
 3½ 'kkfCnd lokyksa ij ckrphr ,oa vkSipkfjd
:i ls lafØ;k,¡ gy djuk
caMy rhyh ¼LVªkW½ ls tksM+
tksM+ ls lacaf/kr 'kkfCnd loky iwNsa o ppkZ jktw ds ikl 26
djsa vke gSA fu'kk us
mls 15 vke vkSj
ns fn, rks crk,¡
tksM+ dk ,d 'kkfCnd loky fy[ksa fd vc jktw ds
ikl fdrus vke
gSa\
nks cPpksa dks cqykdj nksuksa la[;kvksa ds
cjkcj rhfy;k¡ fudkyus dks dgsa

nksuksa dks viuh viuh rhfy;ksa ls caMy

cukus dks dgsa
10 rhfy;k¡ ¾ 1 caMy

Ýse cukdj mlesa caMy o rhyh dk la[;k

fy[ksaA

tksM+ ds fpà dh igpku djokdj ckbZa vksj

fpà yxk,¡

tksM+ o ?kVko ds loky gy djus ds fy,

ges'kk rhfy;ksa ls 'kq: djus dks dgsa

rhfy;ksa dks tksM+sa] ;fn os 10 ;k 10 ls

vf/kd gSa rks mudks 1 caMy cukdj mUgsa
caMy ds esgeku ?kj esa fy[ksa o cph rhfy;ksa pkj caMy
dks rhyh ds ?kj esa fy[kas ,d rhyh ;kuh
bdrkyhl

lHkh caMyksa dks tksM+ dj la[;k fy[ksa

20
 caMy&rhyh ¼LVªkW½ ls ?kVko

(tksM+ +)
c<+uk
tksM+ ;k ?kVko
ds 'kkfCnd
loky de g
ksuk
(?kVko -)

10 rhfy;k¡ ¾ 1 caMy

uhye lwjt

||| ||

1 caMy 3 rhyh
3 caMy 2 rhyh
rhyh ds ?kj
esa uhps bu rhfy;ksa
j[ksa a vkSj 9
dks j[ks
fy[ksaA

/;ku j[ksa %a
Ÿ ?kVus okyh la[;k ds fy, dsoy ;g iwNuk gS fd fdrus
caMy vkSj fdruh rhfy;k¡ fudkyuh gksaxh\
Ÿ igys rhfy;ksa esa ls rhfy;k¡ fudkyuh gSaA
Ÿ ftruh rhfy;k¡ gSa] muls vxj T+;knk rhfy;k¡ gesa
fudkyuh gksa rks ge ,d caMy [kksy ysaxsA

21
 xq.kk dh vo/kj.kk

|||| |||| |||| 5&6 cPpksa dk lewg 'kwU; okyh

4 rhfy;ksa dk lewg 3 ckj cuk;k vkSj lHkh dks la[;kvksa ds
4 X 3 = 12 12&12 rhfy;k¡ nha lkFk xq.kk 20 X 3 = 60

||| ||| ||| |||

3 rhfy;ksa dk lewg 4 ckj 'kwU; dks
NksM+dj 200 X 3 = 600
3 X 4 = 12
la[;kvksa dh
xq.kk djuk
o xq.kuQy
ds lkFk nkbZa
|||||| |||||| izR;sd lewg dks rhfy;ksa vksj lHkh 340 X 20 = 6800
dh leku la[;k ls
6 rhfy;ksa dk lewg 2 ckj vyx&vyx lewg cukus 'kwU; fy[kuk
6 X 2 = 12 dks dgsa

lh<+h i)fr }kjk igkM+s

dhs le>
2 2
1
4

2X4=8 2X1=2

2 2
2
3
ftldk igkM+k mruh
2X3=6 2X2=4
[kM+h ykbu
ftruh ckj igkM+k mruh
iM+h ykbu

22
 Hkkx dh vo/kj.kk
5&6 cPpksa dk lewg
cuk;k lHkh dks
18÷3 =6 3 yksxksa esa cjkcj ck¡Vuk 18&18 rhfy;k¡ nha 2 yksxksa esa cjkcj ck¡Vuk
|||||| |||||| |||||| 18÷2 =9
||||||||| |||||||||
Hkkx dh vo/kkj.kk
18÷6 =3
6 yksxksa esa cjkcj c¡aVuk 9 yksxksa esa cjkcj ck¡Vuk 18÷9 =2
||| ||| ||| ||| ||| ||| cjkcj&cjkcj || || || || || || || || ||
ck¡Vus ds lEcU/k
dks » ls fn[kkrs gSa
cjkcj&cjkcj
ck¡Vus ij 'ks"k Hkh
cprk gS 7 yksxksa esa
cjkcj ck¡Vus
ij
|| || || || || || ||
|||| rhfy;k¡ 'ks"k

4½ vU; n{krkvksa dh xfrfof/k;k¡

?kj ls Ldwy dh nwjh\ njokts dh yEckbZ

di] dVksjh ;k dSls ekisaxs\
fxykl ls eki
uy ls ,d ckYVh ikuh fcÙkk ;k
Hkjus esa yxk le;\ vaxqyh ls eki dneksa ls
lkbfdy dh Å¡pkbZ\
nwjh /kkxs ;k
Qhrs ls eki
?kj ds lHkh yksxksa ds fy,
fdruk pkoy idkuk gS\ pwM+h dh xksykbZ\

vkd`fr;ksa ls ifjp;
cPpksa ls dkx+t+ dks eksM+dj ;k dkVdj vkd`fr;k¡ cukus dks dgsaA
mu vkd`fr;ksa ds uke rFkk oxhZdj.k ij rdZ lfgr ppkZ dh tk,A
vkd`fr dks cjkcj Hkkxksa esa ck¡VukA

fdlh oLrq ;k vkd`fr dks vyx&vyx rjhd+s ls cjkcj&cjkcj Hkkx djds ns[kukA

23
Notes